氨基酸生产工艺(2)
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传统的提取法、酶法和化学合成法由于前体物 的成本高,工艺复杂,难以达到工业化生产的目 的。
编辑课件ppt
A great number of amino-acid-producing bacteria have been derived by mutagenesis and screening programmes.
编辑课件ppt
9
Production methods and tools
Classical strain development: Bacteria do not normally excrete amino acids
have been derived
by mutagenesis and screening programmes.
编辑课件ppt
10
Production methods and tools
Consecutive application:
•Undirected mutagenesis; •Selection for a specific phenotype(显型); •Selection of the mutant with the best AA accumulation
in significant amounts because regulatory mechanisms control
the amino acid synthesis in an economical way.
A great number of amino-acid-producing bacteria
编辑课件ppt
3
氨基酸
α 碳原子分别以共价键连接氢原子、羧基 和氨基及侧链。侧链不同，氨基酸的性 质不同。
编辑课件ppt
4
氨基酸的用途
1. 食品工业：
强化食品(赖氨酸，苏氨酸，色氨酸于小 麦中)
增鲜剂：谷氨酸单钠和天冬氨酸
苯丙氨酸与天冬氨酸可用于制造低热量 二肽甜味剂(α-天冬酰苯丙氨酸甲酯),此产 品1981年获FDA批准,现在每年产量已达 数万吨。
编辑课件ppt
5
2. 饲料工业：
甲硫氨酸等必需氨基酸可用于制造动物饲料
3. 医药工业：
多种复合氨基酸制剂可通过输液治疗营养或代 谢失调
苯丙氨酸与氮芥子气合成的苯丙氨酸氮芥子气 对骨髓肿瘤治疗有效,且副作用低。
4. 化学工业：谷氨基钠作洗涤剂,丙氨酸制造丙氨 酸纤维。
编辑课件ppt
6
Amino acids are used for a variety of purposes Food Industry: Flavor enhancer; Sweetener (Glycine) Chemical Industry: Building blocks of compounds Pharmaceutical Industry: In Infusion; in special dietary food (essential amino acid) Leu, Ile, Lys, Phe, Met, Trp, Val, Thr, Arg, His Animal feed additive: Feedstuff; eg. Soybean -- methionine
编辑课件ppt
11
Production methods and tools
Application of recombinant techniques:
•To rapidly develop new producers by increasing limiting enzyme activities;
Classical strain development: Bacteria do not normally excrete amino acids in significant amounts because regulatory mechanisms control the amino acid synthesis in an economical way.
Screen for amino-acid-excreting microorganisms: Corynebacterium glutamicum, In 1957.
Monosodium glutamate (谷氨酸一钠：MSG): A flavor-enhancing compound (Umami)
第13章 氨基酸生产工艺
编辑课件ppt
1
氨基酸是构成蛋白成分
目前世界上可用发酵法生产氨基酸有20 多种。
编辑课件ppt
2
Introduction
History of amino acids production:
The story of started in 1908 Isolated glutamic acid, delicious taste
缺陷型突变发酵、抗氨基酸结构类似物 突变株发酵、抗氨基酸结构类似物突变 株的营养缺陷型菌株发酵和营养缺陷型 回复突变株发酵。
添加前体法wenku.baidu.com
编辑课件ppt
13
酶法：利用微生物细胞或微生物产生的酶来制 造氨基酸。
提取法：蛋白质水解，从水解液中提取。胱氨 酸、半胱氨酸和酪氨酸
合成法：DL-蛋氨酸、丙氨酸、甘氨酸、苯丙 氨酸。
•To analyse mechanisms of flux control; •To combine this knowledge with
classically obtained strains for their further development
编辑课件ppt
12
氨基酸的生产方法
发酵法： 直接发酵法：野生菌株发酵、营养
编辑课件ppt
7
The barrel represents the nutritive value of soybean meal, which is first limited by its methionine content.
编辑课件ppt
8
Production methods and tools
编辑课件ppt
A great number of amino-acid-producing bacteria have been derived by mutagenesis and screening programmes.
编辑课件ppt
9
Production methods and tools
Classical strain development: Bacteria do not normally excrete amino acids
have been derived
by mutagenesis and screening programmes.
编辑课件ppt
10
Production methods and tools
Consecutive application:
•Undirected mutagenesis; •Selection for a specific phenotype(显型); •Selection of the mutant with the best AA accumulation
in significant amounts because regulatory mechanisms control
the amino acid synthesis in an economical way.
A great number of amino-acid-producing bacteria
编辑课件ppt
3
氨基酸
α 碳原子分别以共价键连接氢原子、羧基 和氨基及侧链。侧链不同，氨基酸的性 质不同。
编辑课件ppt
4
氨基酸的用途
1. 食品工业：
强化食品(赖氨酸，苏氨酸，色氨酸于小 麦中)
增鲜剂：谷氨酸单钠和天冬氨酸
苯丙氨酸与天冬氨酸可用于制造低热量 二肽甜味剂(α-天冬酰苯丙氨酸甲酯),此产 品1981年获FDA批准,现在每年产量已达 数万吨。
编辑课件ppt
5
2. 饲料工业：
甲硫氨酸等必需氨基酸可用于制造动物饲料
3. 医药工业：
多种复合氨基酸制剂可通过输液治疗营养或代 谢失调
苯丙氨酸与氮芥子气合成的苯丙氨酸氮芥子气 对骨髓肿瘤治疗有效,且副作用低。
4. 化学工业：谷氨基钠作洗涤剂,丙氨酸制造丙氨 酸纤维。
编辑课件ppt
6
Amino acids are used for a variety of purposes Food Industry: Flavor enhancer; Sweetener (Glycine) Chemical Industry: Building blocks of compounds Pharmaceutical Industry: In Infusion; in special dietary food (essential amino acid) Leu, Ile, Lys, Phe, Met, Trp, Val, Thr, Arg, His Animal feed additive: Feedstuff; eg. Soybean -- methionine
编辑课件ppt
11
Production methods and tools
Application of recombinant techniques:
•To rapidly develop new producers by increasing limiting enzyme activities;
Classical strain development: Bacteria do not normally excrete amino acids in significant amounts because regulatory mechanisms control the amino acid synthesis in an economical way.
Screen for amino-acid-excreting microorganisms: Corynebacterium glutamicum, In 1957.
Monosodium glutamate (谷氨酸一钠：MSG): A flavor-enhancing compound (Umami)
第13章 氨基酸生产工艺
编辑课件ppt
1
氨基酸是构成蛋白成分
目前世界上可用发酵法生产氨基酸有20 多种。
编辑课件ppt
2
Introduction
History of amino acids production:
The story of started in 1908 Isolated glutamic acid, delicious taste
缺陷型突变发酵、抗氨基酸结构类似物 突变株发酵、抗氨基酸结构类似物突变 株的营养缺陷型菌株发酵和营养缺陷型 回复突变株发酵。
添加前体法wenku.baidu.com
编辑课件ppt
13
酶法：利用微生物细胞或微生物产生的酶来制 造氨基酸。
提取法：蛋白质水解，从水解液中提取。胱氨 酸、半胱氨酸和酪氨酸
合成法：DL-蛋氨酸、丙氨酸、甘氨酸、苯丙 氨酸。
•To analyse mechanisms of flux control; •To combine this knowledge with
classically obtained strains for their further development
编辑课件ppt
12
氨基酸的生产方法
发酵法： 直接发酵法：野生菌株发酵、营养
编辑课件ppt
7
The barrel represents the nutritive value of soybean meal, which is first limited by its methionine content.
编辑课件ppt
8
Production methods and tools