如何复习成人高考英语.doc

如何复习成人高考英语.doc
如何复习成人高考英语.doc

如何复习成人高考英语

准备参加成人高考的考生复习备考,首先要认真研读成人高考英语考纲。成人高考英语考纲是指教育部颁发的《全国各类成人高等学校招生复习考试大纲》。该考试大纲除了对成人英语高考给出必考内容和范围,对各种必考题型作出解释以外,还给出了基础英语语法知识考点83个,附上了成人高考英语科考试的全部必考词汇,共1795个(另有专业英语词汇201个),全部必考短语,共593个(另有专业英语短语29个)。成人高考考纲也是成人英语高考命题的主要依据。

I .词汇知识

1.在成人词汇知识命题中,词汇与短语的比例约为11 : 1。加强对单词的记忆。能否清晰、准确地记忆成人高考必考词汇的词意及其词性是能否成功作答该题型的关键。

2.重视选用词意较为生僻或使用率偏低的词汇命题,如suspected ,concluded,announc ed,astonished,toug

h,rough,reducingur ged,instantly,cons

tain,recommended, s omehow, imagination , inspects, possess.

3.在成人高考必考1970词中,部分词汇由于教材等种

种原因使用率较高,如:majority, thoroug h,pour,beyond,cEil

ing,coast,envy,fre

quently,mass,modes

t,port,shortcoming ,sleeve,thunder,we

alth, trick, stockin g, pressure, etc.词意较为生僻或使用 率偏低的词汇,考生应注意对单词拼写记忆的牢固程度。

4. 考生应有一定的对近义词不同搭配用法的常识,在有 可能出现多个答案的情况下,对词的用法进行甄别。对最常 用词汇的易混易错现象,如:①sit (坐),seat (就座)② borrow (借入),le nd (借出)③bring (带来),t ake (带走), fetch (取)④t hank (+人),appreciat e (+事/物)⑤hanged (上 吊),hung (挂)⑥rise (上升),raise (拾起)⑦especial (尤 其的),special (特殊的)⑧accident (事故),inci dent (事 件)⑨medal (奖章),model (模型)10

accept (接受), receive (收到)11 curious (好奇),su rprised (吃惊)

12 clo th (布),clothes (衣服),clothing (衣物) 5. 该题型要求考生能有一定的对词汇不同搭配用法的

领悟能力,如:① theoperat

ionofhisbusiness t ness ② agoodgraspoft agoodunderstanding ge ③ Makingplansisna theplanswearemakin

hepunningofhisbusi

heEnglishlanguage

oftheEnglishlangua

tural,buthowmanyof

gtodaywillbecarrie

snatural,buthowman

dout. Makingplansi

yoftheplanswearema

kingtodaywillberea lized. ④ Keepafastho ldofthehandlewheny ourunthemachine. 一易错常考的成人高考词汇用法(l)pul ldown(thehouses) —d estroy 干扰项:

①build②d esign③putaway【解析】p ulldown指‘推倒’o

(2)re ferto(thenotes) ^lo okat 干扰项:①mention[DW]

②take ③ payattenti onto【解析】referto 指‘参考,o

(3)lookafter (th ebaby) —takecareof 干扰项:①care[DW]

②see[D W]③watch【解析】lookaf ter 指‘照料’。(4) inthee nd 一atlast 干扰项:① soon [DW]② at least [DW]③ a fterwards 【解析】inthe end指‘最后’。

I I .语音知识

1.重视对元音读音规则的考查。(A)①⑼②⑼③

2.重视对辅音读音规则的考查。(B)①[DW] = [D W] [DW] (D) ②二

3.重视对音的同化现象的考查。(A)①=(13)@=重视对词在变形后产生新的读音变化的考查。出)@=重视对双音节词的读音规则的考查。(C)?=提示:选项A、B、D的划线部分均为重读音节,而选项C的划线部分均为弱读音节。元音在弱读音节中常发[]音。掌握这一特点,则有助于解题。

I .语法知识

1.重视从时态一致的角度考查:①Thedog [ZZ (Z] (D) [ZZ)]

2.重视从语境对话的角度考查动词。①棗Ha veyouheardthenewsa boutTom?棗No, what (D ) ?

3.重视对非谓语动词的考查。①Igotaletterfrommys ister,

(C)

4.重视对定语从句的考查。①Istillrememb

ertheplace [ZZ (Z] (C ) [ZZ) ] [DW] [DW]

5.重视对状语从句的考查。①(A)nons ensethepaperprints , [DW] [DW] IV.完成句子该题型为填充题。要求考生能根据每小题中所给的汉语提示,写出句子的短缺部分。通过对近年成人高考完成句子试题的分析,可以看出该题型重视对基础英语语法的测试,

如:(他省下来的)wasgive ntothevi 1 lageschoo lforaclassroombuil ding.【答案】(that)hes aved【解析】fromtimetotime. 【答案】When/While (hewa s)writingacomposit ion【解析】考查对状语从句的掌握。

考查对定语从句的掌握

2?(写作文时)herefer redtothedictionary

(我父亲戒烟)。【答案】myfath er(should)giveupsm oking 【解析】考查对虚拟语气的掌握。

V.介绍几种实用的阅读理解解题技巧

i.先看问题,后看文章一般考生在进行阅读理解的过程

中所采用的方法有二:第一种是先读文章再答题,另一种是

先看问题,后读文章。如果你看过文章就完全记下内容,做题时不须再回头找答案,先看文章当然好。否则先看文章就比较费时间。请看A、B二者的比较:A. (1)读文章B. (1)看问题(2)看问题(2)看文章(3)回头看文章(3)选择答案(4)选择答案从A、B比较可知A须花四个步骤而B只要三个步骤,在时间上就简去了一项反复。此外,先看题目,在阅读时可采用重点式的读法,而A却是在完全没有目标的情况下阅读,反复是显而易见的。

ii.不以阅读速度回行考生在阅读文字时由于理解的需要,通常速度较为缓慢,倘若一行结束后,用此速度回到下一行首,无形中会挤占部分宝贵的阅读时间。建议考生养成快速回行的习惯,即比阅读文字的速度快一倍左右迅速回行这样做,一方面会节省不少时间,另一方面也会使思维活动加快,其好处是不言而喻的。

iii.掌握问题类型有助于解题A)客观型(Objecti ve)问题客观问题也为客观信息题,指客观事实,其类型大都是用When/W ho/Where/Why/What/Which 等Wh 及How 的方式出题。像这类客观的问题有时不必细读文章,用略读的方法即能找到答案。考生还应对阅读材料中的数字,事实,物体,以及部分与整体的关系、时间关系、地点关系、并列和从属关系等给予注意。B)主观型(Subjective)问题主观问题也为主观信息题,主观的问题通常不能直接从文章找到答案,必须经

过对作者的意图,态度以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推断和 判断才能回答。比如:找出文章的命名(Title),找出文章 的主旨含义(Mainldea),找出结论(Con elusion),找出目的 (Purp ose),找出暗指,意味(Impli cation),找出推测(Infer ence),以及对作者本人作出判断等。

iv.阅读理解导读(要求先自己做一遍,再对照答案,找 出问题,并阅读“解析”,从而更有效地掌握阅读解题技巧。) TheGreatFireofL ondonstartedinthev eryearly

yforthefutureandno tjustofthepast. f i

rebeganin[DW]

unde rlinedword ‘ family inthesecondparagra

phmeans[DW][DW]

’ s bakerywasburneddow n.

(引用)SamuelPepys ??? (a )Therewasastr

quarterso ftheoldcity,,

eandfamily,(面包房) StPaul ' ,thefamousw

rWren,thearchitect ( sbak er (面包师),withhiswif knownbuildings,old

riter,,,Christophe 建筑师),,thestreetsa

restillnarrow,buth

iftychurches,among edidbuildmorethanf themthenewSiPaul ' butafteritLondonwa

sabetterplace :acit ongwind. (b )Thestre etswereverynarrow.

(c)Manyhouseswerem wasnotenoughwateri (b)B. (a) , (b)and(c)

C. (a), (b), (c) and (d )

D. (a),(b),(c),(d) and (e)

【解析】1.问Where 。属客观类问题。答案可由第二段

第一句得出。

指children 。此题考查对family 一词的理解,属客观 类问题。此题也可采用排除法。原文中Th ebaker, withhiswifeandfamily, ---wife 与 fa mily 并歹1

J , family 不包括wi fe 在内,而home 一词指家庭,包括家中 所有人在内,也不对。

3. 此题为推断题,属主观类问题。作者的思想感情并未 通过文字直接表述出来。但通过第三段“ knownbuildings …”可得出本题答案。火灾造成任何损失都

是坏事,而“theworst”是糟糕的,也就是最令人遗憾的。 4. 综合第四段所引用的内容,可看出第四段承接前三段 进一步描写人和动物在火灾中的情形。此题考查学生对段落 与全篇的关系的理解,由此推断出作者的意图。属主观类问 题。

5. 此类题是就对文中的某一词语或句子的理解进行考 查,一般形式有词语替换、习语释意、句型转换、语态互换、 同义转换等。测试的字或句往往是学生没有见过的。解题时, 应在理解题意的基础上,从文中找出相关的字句,根据语言 环境,正确理解其含意,从而选出正确答案。本题答案可从 第五段得出。短文adeofwood. (d)There nthecity. (e) (a)and

中… todestroyhundredso fbuildingsinthepat hsofthefire.与选项 D 为释义关系。

6.通过第一段“ where mostofthehouseswer ewoodenandclosetog ether ’’ 第二段“ Astrongw indblewthefire ” ,和第六段“ wantedacitywith widerstreets"*’’ “the streetsarestillnar row” 可得出本题答案。属客观类问题。同时应注意的是引号内的内容是教科书上的范例,用以说明如何读药物使用说明的。【答案】VI.完形填空的答题与解题这类试题要求考生在掌握应有的语法、词汇知识和常识的基础上,善于寻找信息词,作出综合判断。补足后的短文应该意思通顺,结构完整。

做这类试题的方法是:

1.首先通读全文,对整个文章的内容要有个基本的了解。这是因为填写的答案虽是简单的词或短语,但词或短语的正确使用离不开句子,而句子又离不开整段的语言环境。对语言环境的熟悉有助于理解和把握解题的思路。

2.在此基础上,对试题所测试的部分进行初步估计,根据上下文的内容进行判断,选择适合上下文意思的词,同时应重点观察词的搭配用法,时态或动词的其它形态的用法,形容词的比较用法,代词的用法,名词的数、格的用法等。

3.如遇难填的空,可暂时跳过,待填完其他空白后,再回过头来做前面的难题,在全文已清楚的情况下,剩下的难题则有

可能迎刃而解。4.这种试题要求做完之后再从头至尾通读一遍。根据短文的背景、上下文的意思,按时间顺序、情节发展、词类选用,动词变化、句子结构、短语搭配,以及运用必要的逻辑推理常识等,对选定的词再做一次综合分析,这显然是必要的。成人高考完形填空练习,请朋友们参阅复习教材,在老师的指导下加强练习,这里不一一例举。

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