水面垃圾自动打捞船的设计(毕业设计)

摘要

水面垃圾自动打捞船针对水面环境污染的问题，主要致力于中小型湖泊河流等水域的固体垃圾清理，如塑料袋、饮料瓶，树枝树叶以及其它易清理的水面垃圾。实现水面垃圾清理的机械化与自动化，整个打捞过程无需人工参与，安全性非常好，效率大约是人工打捞的几百倍，水面越大、风浪越大效果越显著。

本文主要对水面垃圾自动打捞船进行了船体结构、动力装置、打捞及传输装置、垃圾存储装置以及其他零部件的设计、计算及校核等。分析了水面垃圾自动打捞船需要实现的功能要求，在实际环境背景下，研究了水面垃圾自动打捞船的系统构成及功能、各零部件的的设计方法以及系统的实现方式。

此设计除了动力装置与其他船类大体相似，实现打捞和传输的装置以及垃圾存储装置都有一定的创新性设计。采用链齿轮与链条的传动带动传输带的形式，以及船体前方挡板引导装置和叶轮的设计都使得水面垃圾的收集更加有效率。此外，垃圾存储装置采用的是三个可替换式的存储箱，其底部设计为多孔式，使得水面垃圾的收集更加方便，可执行性有所加强。

本文还附有部分水面垃圾收集船的结构图，装配图，零件图，以便详细的说明设计过程。

关键字：水面垃圾自动打捞船环境保护结构设计

Abstract

An autonomous ship for cleaning the garbage floating on a lake is designed for the water pollution problems,mainly to solid waste on small and medium sized lakes , rivers and other waters,such as plastic bags,bottles,leaves,twigs,and other surface trash which is easy to clean. To achieve clean the water garbage mechanized and automatically , the entire salvage process without human intervention , security is very good , efficiency is about hundreds of times than artificial salvage. The greater the surface and more significant storms, the greater the effect is.

This essay focuses on the design,computing and checking of hull structure , power plant, salvage and transport equipment,garbage storage devices and other components of the an autonomous ship . In the case of the understanding of the results of the design required to achieve the functional requirements, as well as the actual environmental background to study the design of the structure and function of the water garbage sweeper system .

This power plant design in addition to the other boat classes are generally similar . And garbage storage devices, the device to achieve salvage and transport have some innovative designs.Form of the sprockets and the chain transmission is driven by a transmission belt,and the hull in front of the baffle means and the guide surface of the impeller are designed so that garbage collection more efficient.In addition, garbage storage device uses three replaceable storage tank , the bottom is designed to porous surface garbage collection more convenient, enforceability has been strengthened .

This article is also append the structure and assembly drawings , parts diagram of the autonomous ship for cleaning the garbage floating on a lake for a detailed description of the design process.

Keywords: The water waste;Automatic cleaning ship;environmental protection;

Structural Design

目录

摘要 ...................................................... I Abstract ................................................... I I 一前言 . (1)

1.1毕业设计的选题背景 (1)

1.2毕业设计国内外研究现状及特点分析 (2)

1.3本课题的研究目的及意义 (3)

二方案构思和拟定 (5)

三船体的设计 (6)

3.1船体的结构设计 (6)

3.2船体材料的选择 (8)

3.2.1船体材料的介绍 (8)

3.2.2船体材料的确定及相关参数 (9)

3.3船体重要尺寸 (9)

3.4.1船体质量的计算 (10)

3.4.2重排水量的计算 (10)

3.4.3最大吃水深度的计算 (11)

四动力装置的设计 (12)

4.1蓄电池的选择 (12)

4.2电动机的选择 (13)

4.3船舶推进器的选择 (16)

五传输装置的设计 (19)