中国建筑能耗(英文)

20
10
Kgce/(m2· a)
Indian
0
Energy consumption of unit building area in per year in 2004
7
Building Energy in China
Electricity project Equipment popularizing rate Usage patterns energy consumption in 2004 (kWh/(m2· a))
Denmark
France
0.2~0.3
0.45
2.9
2.6
0.15
0.28
heat transfer coefficient of retaining structure in each country’s criterion [W/(m2· K)] [1] for the 9~13 layers construction [2] for the 4~8 layers construction
Heat pump
Ground source heat pump can use underground shallow layer soil energy to keep cool in summer and warm in winter by consuming little highstand electrical energy to realize lowstand energy transfer.
Living condition is still low
The CO2 emission strength
1978 2008
CO2 can be let out more effectively
Building Energy in Chia
Leo
Building Energy in China
China
China
Japan
America
_ ≈0
natural venti lation first sunshine Wind —
_ 6.3
57.3
28
0.33 per family 100~300lx
Lighting
300~500lx
electric lighting for all the time and space
388.2
428.6 461.8 483.7 507.4
80.6
98.1 117.6 129.5 145.5
155百度文库.8
1713.5 1839.4 1873.3 1925.3
15.9
16.7 19.5 22 25
139.3
163.1 157 194.8 206.3
6.9
12.1 17.7 31.9 42.9
15.64billion ton
45%
28.003billion ton
88%
The carbon emission intensity of some countries in 2000 and 2006
High CO2 emission Two extreme trend
Summarize
Improper structure Low average High amount
7
Building Energy in China
Refrigeration in summer
Heating in winter
7
Building Energy in China
60 50 40 30 25.69 25.49 13.29 6.98 50.35 46.62 America Japan 21.83 Europe Russian China chinese urban
Total energy consumption structure
3% 34% 10% industry communication and transportation other HVAC building energy use electrical, hot water, cooking
25%
2187.7
2432.2 2613.2 2735.2 2852.4
7
America’s energy structure
19.9
Coal
%
24.9
Natural gas
%
17.1
Crude oil
%
The CO2 emissions(%)
6018 20%
4%
The world’s CO2 emission in 1973 and 2006
4
Building Energy in China
share of the building sector in the total energy consumption of different provinces in 2010
Average 20.44%
4
Building Energy in China
35%
15%
7
Building Energy in China
Chinese building energy consumption structure
18%
16% 36% 26% 10% 20% Pubic Building
residential electric power heating in North cities rural energy consumption large public building general public buildings
Developed country Ventilate Appliances drying machinery computer _ 25.9% (Japan) 0.96 per family
China
Developed country mechanical ventilation drying machinery —
The total energy cost(108t)
3.48 billion ton
7.5%
4.2%
0.57 billion ton
The energy demand increases as a result
The energy structure(%)
72.2% 68.4% 5% 3.1%
Energy consumption structure from 2009 to 2013
Unit: million ton
Year Crude oil Natural gas Coal Nuclear Hydro Renewable energy Total
2009
2010 2011 2012 2013
20.7%
18.6%
The change of the energy structure is slow
China’s energy
11
%
42.5
%
17.1
%
Total coal reserves
Only after the US and Russia
Average coal reserves
Average petroleum reserves
The energy loss of the ordinary single glass window make up about 50% of the energy consumption We need to take some measures for windows
Heating and air conditioner make up 55% of building energy consumption.
China still lack energy!
Total energy consumption
The increasing speed is falling from 2011
Thermal power generation
The first drop in the history
The consumption of the coal
A few years later, local government reform the old buildings through pasting insulation material.
Household metering heating systems
Every family will have a heat meter. Government will charge on the basic of heat that the family uses. We can control the temperature.
Chinese energy and CO2
Jack Leo Walter
C
目录
ONTENTS
1 2 3
Total energy and CO2 emission
Building energy Our measures
The GDP in recent
12 years(10 yuan)
The increase of GDP requires more energy!
Drops to -2.9%
The energy strength (%)
Use the energy more effectively
Compared with other country
Still to be improved
Energy consumption on average(%)
Total energy consumption and building energy consumption
350000 300000
250000
200000
150000
100000
50000
0
1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012
building energy consumption（tce）
Inverter air conditioner
When air conditioner work, it always turns on and several minutes later it turns off. What is frequency conversion? we can get different cooling and heating capacity to adopt to different working conditions.
Interior insulation
Advantages: 1.The effect of insulation is obvious. 2. It can protect the major structure. 3. It can create a good indoor environment.
natural lighti ng first for part of time and space
6.8
11.2
air-condition
2.49 per family
0.70 per family
2.7
3.8
10.4
7
Building Energy in China
Nation China Sweden Germany England Beijing Harbin Exterior Wall 0.6[1] 0.45[2] 0.5[1] 0.45[2] 0.17 0.5 0.45 Exterior Window 2.5 2.0 2.0 1.5 double paned Roof 0.5[1] 0.45[2] 0.4[1] 0.30[2] 0.12 0.22 0.45
10
Building Energy in China
-65%
-50%
-30% 2005
1986
1996
Now we welcome the forth step——-75%
10
How to reduce building energy consumption
Heat insulation design of window
total energy consumption of China（tce）
4
Building Energy in China
The percentage of the building energy consumption
0.3
0.25
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
0
1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012