组织学与胚胎学作业

组织学与胚胎学电子实验报告班级姓名专业学号电子信箱完成日期实验一 假复层纤毛柱状上皮报告主题：柱状细胞 主体属性：指定 标本号： 27#材料： 豚鼠气管横切片 染色： HE教学要求：掌握假复层纤毛柱状上皮的侧面形态结构图1 柱状细胞（豚鼠器官横切片，HE 染色，40×10）光镜下，大部分粘膜表面有整齐的上皮层，但气管后壁的上皮随黏膜皱缩而呈现凹凸不平，选择平整的部位观察，可见各种上皮细胞的境界不清，细胞核染蓝紫色，形状各异，大小不一，高低不齐，常排列3~4层。

Then, most of the mucosal surface is neat on the cortex, but the epithelium with mucous membrane after tracheal wall, which appear uneven shrinkage.Choosing flat site to observe, various epithelial cell's boundary is not clear, the nucleus dyeing violet.The cells have a variety of shapes and sizes,they are high and low not neat, often arranged three to four layers.实验二骨单位报告主题：骨单位（哈弗斯系统）主题属性：指定标本号：6#材料：脱钙骨切片染色：Schmorl氏法块染图2 骨切片（脱钙骨切片，Schmorl染色，40×10 ）镜下观：标本中间部，可见许多哈弗斯系统（骨单位）。

通过高倍镜观察，哈弗斯系统中央为圆形的中央管；在骨单位之间，有一些不规则排列的间骨板。

与骨内、外表面平行排列的数层骨板，分别称内、外环骨板，骨板之间或骨板中可见棕黄色的小腔，即骨陷窝。

骨陷窝之间有细小的骨小管相连通。

Specimen intermedius, visible many haversian systems (bone). By observing at high magnification, central for circular tube in the middle of the haversian system; Between bone units, there are some irregular arrangement between the bone plate. And bone, interior and exterior parallel arrangement of the bone plate layers, respectively, according to internal and external ring bone plate, bone plate or bone plate between the small cavity of tan, the bone pit. Between the bone pit has some small bone canalicules connected to each other.实验三 心肌报告主题：心肌纤维 主题属性：指定 标本号： 12#材料： 人心肌切片 染色： HE教学要求：掌握人心肌纤维纵断面和横断面的结构特点图3-1 人心肌切片，HE 染色，40×10光镜下：纵断面心肌细胞互相平行排列，核卵圆形，染色钱，位于中央；心肌纤维的直径比骨骼肌纤维小，有横纹；胞质丰富，显色较淡；心肌纤维端端连接处，可见闰盘和步明显的横纹。

心肌膜厚，分层不明显。

Under light microscopy: profile cardiac muscle cells are arranged parallel to each other.The nucleus which is ovoid and dyeing located in the central; Myocardial fiber diameter is smaller than skeletal muscle’s, there are horizontal lines; Rich in cytoplasm, with lighter color; there are intercalated disk in myocardial fiber end to end joint.心肌横切面图3-2人心肌切片，HE，40×10镜下观：心肌纤维的横断面，可见肌纤维的各种断面呈圆形或不规则形的小块，有的有圆形染色浅淡的细胞核，横断面的中央常染色较浅。

Cardiac muscle fiber cross-sectional, assumes the circular or irregular shape of the small pieces and some are round dyed pale。

Nucleus, often in the middle of the crosssection staining shallow实验四多级神经元报告主题：多级神经元细胞主题属性：指定标本号：9#材料：小牛脊髓及脊神经节横切片染色：HE图4小牛脊髓及脊神经节横切片HE染色，40×10神经元的的细胞核大、圆、亮，核仁清楚（部分切片未切到细胞核或核仁）细胞体形状不规则呈多角形、椎体形或梭形；胞体和突起中可见到许多蓝紫色的不规则的小斑块，即尼氏体，轴突与轴丘内无尼氏体。

因为每个神经元只有一条轴突，故切片上易见到树突的切面。

Neurons in the nucleus is big, round, bright and clear.The cell body and bumps in visible to many of the irregular small patches in violet, namely austenite, axon and shaft inside the dome, austenite.实验五空肠绒毛报告主题：空肠绒毛主题属性：指定标本号： 19#材料：猫空肠横切面染色： HE教学要求：掌握空肠绒毛和肠腺的结构图5-1猫空肠横切片HE染色，10×10图5-2猫空肠横切片HE染色，40×10镜下观：腔面有由上皮和固有层共同突出形成的小肠绒毛，绒毛被切成各种断面。

绒毛表面为单层柱状上皮，为柱状细胞和少量杯状细胞；内侧紫红色部分为黏膜，突向唱腔的许多细小突起微绒毛，即小肠绒毛，是鉴别器官所属的重要依据；外侧红色部分为肌层;粘膜与肌层之间的淡染区为黏膜下层。

Cavity surface has outstanding form together by epithelium and lamina propria of small intestinal villus. The purple part as the mucous membrane, made a surprise to many tiny bumps microvilli of the singing; Outside of the red part is the muscle layer; The mucosa and muscle layer between the submucosa is light colored.实验六 中等动脉报告主题：中等动脉 主题属性：指定 标本号： 10#材料： 狗中动脉 染色： HE教学要求：掌握中等动脉的结构特点图6 狗中等动脉切片 HE染色，40×10镜下观：内弹性膜是由弹性蛋白构成的薄膜，贴近管腔面，为一条呈波浪状的折光性强的粉红色亮带，它是内膜和中膜的分界标志。

内膜很薄,内皮下层极难看到。

内弹性膜的外侧为中膜，较厚，主要由数十层环行的平滑肌细胞构成.外膜较厚，染色较淡，由疏松结缔组织构成。

在近中膜处，弹性纤维多，并密集排列成2~3层，即外弹性膜。

外膜的结缔组织中有小血管，称营养血管。

Endoscopic view: the elastic membrane is composed of a thin film made of an elastic protein, close to the luminal surface of a wavy pink strong refraction bright band, which is the boundary of the intima and signs. Endometrium is thin, very difficult to see the underlying endothelium. Inner and outer membrane elastic membrane is thicker, mainly composed of dozens of layers of circular smooth muscle cells. Outer membrane is thicker, lighter stained by loose connective tissue. In the past the film office, elastic fiber, and densely arranged in 2 to 3 layers, namely the external elastic membrane. The outer membrane of connective tissue in the small blood vessels, called nutrient vessels.实验七淋巴结报告主题：淋巴结主题属性：指定标本号： 13#材料：狗淋巴结切片染色： HE教学要求：掌握淋巴结的结构特点及其判断依据。

图7镜下观：梁中常见小血管。

皮质：位于被膜下，包括浅层皮质、副皮质区和皮质淋巴窦三部分。

髓质：位于淋巴结的深部，由髓索及其间的髓窦组成。

髓索为淋巴组织排列成不规则的索状，髓索互相连接成网。

Trabecular membrane is: lymph node capsule by a thin layer of connective tissue surface composition. Capsule of connective tissue formation extending into the substance of the trabecular, trabecular interconnected to form a network, it is often cut into many different sections, trabecular common small blood vessels. Cortex: Located subcapsular, including shallow cortex, cortical areas and subcortical lymph vice sinus three parts. Medulla: Located deep lymph nodes, the medullary sinuses medullary cord between its components. Medulla of lymphoid tissue arranged in irregular cords, marrow into a network cable connected to each other.实验八 下颌下腺报告主题：下颌下腺 主题属性：指定 标本号： 24#材料： 人下颌下腺切片 染色： HE教学要求图8-1 可见少量结缔组织把腺实质分隔成许多小叶。