英语语法专项训练主谓一致和倒装句

主谓一致

一.语法一致原则

主语和谓语通常要在语法形式上取得一致。即主语是单数形式时，谓语动词也用单数形式，主语是复数形式时，谓语动词也用复数形式。

1.当and 或both and 连接两个或三个名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。

Tom and Mike are good friends . Both Lucy and Lily are students .

2.不定代词either, neither, each one, the other, another anybody, everything,

nothing,no one, nobody,等作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

Is anything wrong with your bike ?

3.由each, each…and , each… every…and , every…作主语时，谓语动词用单数形

式。

Each boy and each girl was given a new book .

4.主语后面接有with,along with ,together with , as well as , no less than ,more

than , including , besides, like , except , but 等词或短语时，谓语动词的数由主语的单复数决定。

Mr Green with his wife and his two daughters is coming to Beijing .

5. a number of +名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。The number of +名词

复数作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

A number of trees are cut down . the number of students in our class is 32.

6. a lot of ,lots of, plenty of, a pile of ,piles of , most of后加名词，分数或百分数+

名词，谓语动词的单复数取决于名词，如果名词是不可数名词，则谓语动词用单数形式，如果是可数名词复数，则谓语动词用复数形式。

Lots of people have been there .

7. 由a pair (a kind , a series …)+of +复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数，pairs (kinds …)+of+复数名词，谓语动词用复数形式。

A pair of sunglasses is lying on the table .

8. 某些只有复数形式的名词如clothes , trousers , shorts , pants , shoes , gloves …

作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。

My shoes were worn out

9. 以S结尾的词本身不表达复数意思，谓语动词用单数news ,maths , physics , politics 等，

No news is good news.

10. the +姓氏名词复数表示一家人，或…..夫妇，当它作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。

The Blacks enjoy working in China .

11. 非谓语动词作主语谓语动词用单数形式。Reading is learning . to see is to believe .

12. one of +名词复数，作主语时谓语动词用单数。

One of the women is from America .

二．意义一致原则。

意义一致又叫概念一致，即谓语动词用单数还是复数要看主语所表达的概念。

1.由and 连接的两个名词作主语，如果是指的同一概念（即and 后面无关词），

则谓语动词用单数形式。The teacher and writer is coming to give us a talk next week.

2.表示金钱、价格、时间、长度等复数名词或词组作主语时，一般被看作一个

整体谓语动词用单数。Three year is a long time .

3.集体名词如family, team. Crowd, company, class, group, government ,nation, 等

如果表示整体概念则谓语动词用单数形式，如果表示集体中的成员，则谓语动词用复数形式。

My family is a small one with three people . All my family enjoy skiing .

4.people , police , cattle 等集合名词作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。

The police are helping a girl find her mother .

5.表示国家，城市，人名，报纸杂志，组织机构等专有名词作主语，通常作

整体看待，谓语动词要用单数形式。

The New York Times is read by all over the USA.

6.有些以sh, ese,iss 结尾的表示国家民族的形容词与the 连用，指整个民族，

表示复数含义，谓语动词用复数。

The Chinese are kind friendly .

7.town, city , country , school , village 等表示总称的镇民时，作主语，谓语动词

用单数。

The whole town is talking about it .

8.算式中加法和乘法可用单数，也可用复数，但减法和除法必须用单数。

What is /are three times five ? Ten minus five is five .

9.one and a half 的后面要接复数名词，作主语时谓语动词用单数。

One and a half cakes is a good meal for the monkey .

10.主语由many a +名词，more than one +名词, 谓语动词用单数。

More than one worker is playing cards . Many a student has passed the exam .

11.引号中的词若为整体看待，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

“bikes” is the plural” of the bike”“ they” is a pronoun .

12.某些形容词加上the 如old ,young , dead , poor ,rich , sick ,blind ,deaf 等，用来

表示一类人，其意义为复数，谓语动词常用复数形式。The old are taken care of .

13.当表示一两个的词组做句子主语时，谓语动词的变化如下。

（1）当a/an+名词单数+or two 做句子的主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

An apple or two is enough .