2006年海商法真题 上海海事大学
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上海海事大学研究生入学考试海商法真题2006年Post By:2010-5-19 8:41:00
一、解释下列名词与概念(每题3分,计30分)
1.包运合同
在议定合同时,只约定承运货物的数量、承运的期限和运费及船舶类型特征等主要内容,具体的航次数、每次运量多大及用什么样的船舶装运,则由出租人决定。只要出租人在规定期限内,将指定的包运货物从一港运至另一港,即有权收取包运运费。
2.海运单
证明海上货物运输合同和货物由承运人接管或装船的不可转让的单证。
3.货物收据
承运人签发的提单及其他单证,用以证明收到该单证中所列货物或货物已装船。除提单外的此类单证不得转让。
4.滞期(费)(见97年考题)
5.停租(见01年考题)
6.紧迫局面(见03年考题)
7.预备航次(见01年考题)
8.无效果无报酬(见95年考题)
9.委付制(见03年考题)
10.势必搁浅时的有意搁浅
1994年约克安特卫普规则规定,船舶不论是否搁浅,如果为了共同安全有意搁浅,因此所造成的共同航程中的财产的损失应认作共同海损。势必搁浅是指从事故发生当时的情况分析,即使船方不采取有意搁浅的措施,船舶也将搁浅。因此,势必搁浅其实是意外事故,势必搁浅时的有意搁浅原本不该列入共同海损。1950年约克安特卫普规则就是这样规定的。但是要对每一个有意搁浅事故进行鉴定是很困难的,为了简化理算手续,1974年约克安特卫普规则起,不再考虑船舶是否势必搁浅。
二、单项选择题(每题2分,计20分)
1-5 CAADB 6-10 DDCAB
三、中译英(每题2分,计10分)
适航平衡条款Seaworthy Trim Clause
春天除外条款Except in the Sping Clause
质询条款Interpellation Clause
单独海损particular average
不分离协议Non-Seperation Agreement
四、英译中(每题4分,计20分)
1.The Vessel has liberty to call at any port or ports in any order, for any purpose, to sail without pilots, to tow and/or assist Vessels in all sit uations, and also to deviate for the purpose of saving life and/or propert y.
船舶有权为任何目的以任何顺序挂靠任何港口,有无引航员在船均可航行,在任何情况下拖带和/或帮助他船,亦可为救助人命和/或财产而绕航。2.Demurrage at the loading and discharging port is payable by the Ch arterers at the rate stated in Box 20 in the manner stated in Box 20 per day or pro rata for any part of a day. Demurrage shall fall due day by day and shall be payable upon receipt of the Owners' invoice.
滞期费用由承租人按第20栏中规定的每日费率,不足一日者按比例计算,按日支付,并在收到船东的发票后支付。
3.In the event the demurrage is not paid in accordance with the abov e, the Owners shall give the Charterers 96 running hours written notice t o rectify the failure. If the demurrage is not paid at the expiration of this time limit and if the vessel is in or at the loading port, the Owners are entitled at any time to terminate the Charter Party and claim damages f or any losses caused thereby.
如未按上述规定支付,船东应书面通知承租人在96小时内支付,如仍未在此期限内付清,且如船舶在装港,则船东有权在任何时候中止本租约并向其索赔由此引起的任何损失。
4.Bills of Lading shall be presented and signed by the Master as per the "Congenbill" Bill of Lading form, Edition 1994, without prejudice to thi s Charter Party, or by the Owners' agents provided written authority has been given by Owners to the agents, a copy of which is to be furnishe d to the Charterers.
在不违反本租约的条件下,船长或船东书面授权的代理可根据1994 congenb ill格式签发提单,并提交一份副本给租方。
5.The charterers shall indemnify the Owners against all consequences or liabilities that may arise from the signing of bills of lading as present ed to the extent that the terms or contents of such bills of lading impos e or result in the imposition of more onerous liabilities upon the Owners than those assumed by the Owners under this Charter Party.
承租人应对船舶所有人因签发其条款和内容所规定的责任超过船舶所有人和承租人签订的租船合同规定的责任而引起的所有后果和责任给予赔偿。
五、回答问题(每题7分,计28分)
1.列表比较关于提单的3项国际公约在责任期间,适航,管理货物,免责事项,责任限制和时效方面的异同