郑州大学期末考试5

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郑州大学软件学院(北)2013-2014学年第二学期期末考试安排全

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郑州大学期末考试英语阅读理解

II. Reading Comprehension II 1--5 CBADBA college professor once asked his class, "Can men and women really be just friends?" My answer is yes! I met Joe in college: in fact, our friendship began in that class. Joe quickly became my best friend: we had the same major, the same classes, and the same tastes. We spent a lot of time together studying and laughing. After college, we took jobs very far apart, but we kept in touch with the occasional emails and phone calls. Our troubles began many years later, when mutual friends decided we were perfect for one another.When we relocated to the same city, we foolishly listened to our friends and families and tried dating. It was a disaster! Our strong friendship wasn't meant to bring us together as husband and wife. We parted bitterly, with great disappointment and many angry words Eight years passed before we were able to resume our friendship. Today, we love each other dearly, but as brother and sister. Joe is still my best friend, and at his wedding last year, I acted as the bridesmaid! I cried at his wedding, tears of joy at seeing my friend's happiness. When his new baby was born, I expected it to be named after me. I sometimes think of that college professor, and how lonely I would be if I had listened to him. Cherish your college friendships without worrying about gender, and if you're lucky, some of them will last a lifetime.C1. What is the passage mainly about?A. Love on campus.B. College friendshipsC. Friendship between men and womenD. Joe's wedding.2. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Shortly after college, the author became Joe's wife.B. Men and women can really be just friends.C. They still loved each other as lovers.D. After eight years, they divorced as friends.3. What might the word "date" mean in the passage?A. Meeting with a boyfriend or girlfriend.B. Doing something old-fashioned.C. Determining the time to do something.D. Writing a timetable.4. When did they resume their friendship?A. After graduating from college.B. After their taking jobs.C. After the birth of Joe's new baby.D. Eight years after their parting.5. Why did the author cry at Joe's wedding?A. Because she was sad that she couldn't be Joe's wife any more.B. Because she was overjoyed that Joe finally got his happiness.C. Because she still loved Joe and regretted that she had left him.D. Because she was excited to be Joe's bridesmaid.II. Reading Comprehension II 1--5 BDADCAfter my father passed away, I found a piece of paper in his wallet. It was old and almost crumbled (破碎) away at my touch. I carefully unfolded it and found the following: Wanted: Honest men and women. Job description: Crowd control, watching, and patrolling (巡逻). You will often work with a partner, someone who must watch out for you while, you do the same for them. You must be in control of your temper when others may lose theirs. You must be physically fit, of high intelligence, and the highest moral fiber(道德力量). You must be willing to work long hours, perhaps standing or walking for the entire shift. Training: Extensive and on-going. Pay: Not very high. Benefits: The satisfaction of a job well done; positive contribution to society; the opportunity to make a real difference in the community. The knowledge that you help keep children safe. Drawbacks: Long hours, low pay, danger, and occasional loneliness and boredom. To apply, talk to the nearest Police Station about training as an officer.My father lost his life in the line of duty as a police officer. He never spoke about his work, preferring to come home to peace and quiet and to his favorite chair. But when I read this, I felt I was closer to my father.1. What is the passage mainly about?A. An advertisement put up by the author's father.B. The job as a police officer.C. The author's family.D. The death of the author's father.2. What does the phrase "pass away" mean in the passage?A. Leave.B. Go awayC. Move to another place.D. Die.3. According to the passage, how can we describe the job as a police officer?A. Dangerous and hard.B. Satisfactory.C. Interesting.D. Well-paid.4. According to the passage, what kind of person is fit for the job as a police officer?A. Honest and physically fit.B. Intelligent and moral.C. Responsible and well-disciplined.D. With the above three qualities.5. Why did the author's father never speak of his job to his family?A. Because he wasn't interested in his job.B. Because he was too tired to speak a word.C. Because he didn't want his family to worry about him.D. Because discipline made him keep silent.II. Reading Comprehension II 1--5 CDBDAThe family TV show Happy Days ran for 11 years from 1974 to 1984, creating several by-product series. In one episode (一集), there was a new character, an alien from outer space. He was played by an unknown actor. People roared with laughter at his crazy antics (滑稽动作). No one had seen this type of comedy before, and they protested for more. The network administrators knew they had a new star on their hands: from that single performance, Robin Williams became the star of a brand-new comedy series, Mork and Mindy. He played the character of an alien who comes to the Earth in a giant egg-shaped spacecraft. He is friendly, and observes and reports back to his planet. He sleeps standing on his head, thinks that all eggs are spacecraft, and sometimes wears his clothes backwards. His kind new friend, Mindy, helps to take care of him. They marry, and have a child together. But Mork gives birth, and the child is actually an old man who ages backward! In addition to his work as a comedian on this and other projects, Robin Williams is also an excellent dramatic actor. Anyone who has seen his films will agree that he is a man who can make you laugh, cry, think, and feel.1. Which title suits this passage best?A. The Family TV Show Happy Days.B. The Life of Robin Williams.C. Robin Williams--An Excellent Comedy Actor.D. The Performance of Robin Williams.2. What made Robin Williams become a new star according to the passage?A. His role in Happy Days.B. This new type of comedy.C. His handsomeness.D. Both A and B.3. What does the word "alien" mean in the passage?A. A stranger from another city.B. A creature from another world.C. A foreigner from another country.D. A guest from a suburban area.4. Which of the following is NOT true about the character of an alien Robin Williamsplayed in Mork and Mindy?A. The alien comes to the Earth in a giant egg-shaped spacecraft.B. The alien sleeps standing on his head.C. The alien wears his clothes backwards.D. The alien comes to the Earth accidentally.5. What can you learn from the passage?A. Robin Williams is a gifted actor.B, Robin Williams is a diligent (勤奋的) actor.C. Robin Williams and Mindy married and had a child.D. Robin Williams was famous during 1974-1984.II. Reading Comprehension II 1-- 5 BCBAAThe next time you're watching television, pay attention to the advertisements. Even if the ad is for a woman's personal product, or baby diapers, the chances are that a man's voice is used in the commercial. Why? Because a man's voice carries more weight and authority to many people. Advertising agencies hire psychologists to determine what makes people respond to an ad by purchasing the product. Most people are conditioned to obey their fathers. Advertisers know a kindly male voice talking about the product in the last five seconds of a commercial has a subliminal (潜意识的) effect on the consumer.The consumer obeys that voice, leading to the purchase of one brand over another. This is especially important in products that are basically the same, such as detergent, or washing powder. Research proves that most of these products are equally effective: the only difference may be the scent, or perhaps the color. But consumers may not be aware of that. There are exceptions, of course. My grandmother, who is 87 years old, is one of the few people not influenced by commercials. She turns the television sound off when a commercial comes on TV. When asked why, she replied, "Men sell that stuff. And what does any man know about washing clothes?"1. Some products, such as washing powder, are basically the same, except for _______.A. the priceB. the scent or colorC. the expiry dateD. the purchasing method2. The focus of the passage is on __________.A. the visual effect of adsB. the design of adsC. the voice in adsD. the beauties in ads3. The products mentioned in the passage are mainly designed for __________.A. menB. womenC. childrenD. old people4. According to the passage, a male voice usually appears ________ an ad.A. at the end ofB. at the beginning ofC. in the middle ofD. all through5. A man's voice is often used in an ad because it carriesA. more influenceB. more informationC. more certaintyD. more experienceII. Reading Comprehension II 1--5 DACCBAnyone who thinks it’s easy being a star should meet one of the hardest-working celebrities on the planet．Liu Dehua, appearing in 108 films in 20 years, is the “No.1 Box office Actor 1985——2005”of Hong Kong. But he’s more than just a pretty face, with a separate career as a singer and musician. He's one of the Four Heavenly Kings of Canto-pop, along with Jacky Cheung, Aaron Kwok, and Leon Lai. In fact, he is in the Guinness World Records for “Most Awards Won by a Canto-Pop Male Artist”. By April 2000, Liu Dehua had won 292 awards for his singing career, with more than 179 concert appearances since 1992. If this doesn't impress you, there's one more fact you should know: he has accomplished this body of work while struggling with Hepatitis B(乙型肝炎). In 2006, Liu Dehua revealed that he has been a carrier of this 1ife-threatening condition for 20 years. Currently 3%一6% of the world’s population is infected with the Virus, but up to a third or more may have been exposed. Mr．Liu’s decision to publicly acknowledge the condition demonstrates that he is as courageous as he is hard—working and handsome. Perhaps his honesty will help others to come forth and acknowledge their illness, or seek treatment.1. Which of me following is NOT the reason for Liu Dehua's success?A. Being handsome.B. Being hardest-workingC. Being honest.D. Being generous.2. Which of the following statements about Liu Dehua is NOT true according passage?A. His honesty will threaten his career.B. He is the No.1 Box 0fficeActor 1985—2005.C. He is one of the Four Heavenly Kings of Canto-pop.D. He has been infected with a dangerous disease.3. What proportion of the world’s population has been exposed to be infected with the Hepatitis B virus?A. 3%—6%.B. About 1%—2%C. Above 1%—2%D. Above 33%.4. What is the significance of Mr. Liu’s decision to publicly acknowledge his health condition?A. People win like his films and songs better.B. People will know that he is hard-working and courageous.C. His honesty will help others to make open their illness and try to get treatment.D. He may find the best treatment by publicly acknowledging his illness.5. What is the author's attitude towards Liu Dehua?A. Sympathetic.B. Positive.C. Critical.D. Objective.II. Reading Comprehension II 1--5 CDACBGirls dream of having the perfect wedding, but when I got engaged, I have up any dream of the perfect day. My mother has to have her own way. She’s a very nice woman, but she's convinced that what she wants is exactly what you want, and you cannot tell her otherwise. Since my parents were paying for the wedding, I kept my mouth shut, and let her decide everything! I was not married in church, but in the same hall where my brother was married. It had recently been remodeled, and all the charming features, such as a large stone fireplace, were removed. She insisted that my cousin make my wedding dress. I wanted a simple long white dress with long sleeves. My cousin made a short dress without sleeves. My cousin also added a HUGE bow on the back of the dress that looked as if I sat in a wedding cake! My mother also insisted on making the cake, but she ran out of time to frost (给…覆上糖霜) it, and a huge, plain cake was served. I wanted a single rose for a bouquet (花束); my mother insisted that my sister, a florist (花店店主), make me a huge bouquet of lilies (百合花), which I am allergic to! My mother referred to this as “my daughter’s dream wedding”. Dream wedding? More like a nightmare!1. Why couldn't the author dream of having the perfect wedding?A. Because she was very poor.B. Because she didn't have enough time to prepare.C. Because her mother organized everything.D. Because her parents loved her sister and brother more.2. What was the author dissatisfied with?A. Her wedding dress.B. Her wedding place.C. Her wedding cake.D. All of the above.3. Why didn't the author protest against her mother's arrangements of her marriage?A. Because her parents were paying for the wedding.B. Because it's a custom to follow her brother's wedding.C. Because she was used to listening to her parents.D. Because she was afraid of her mother.4. Which of the following statement is TRUE?A. The author's mother is a dressmaker.B. The author's brother is a priest.C. The author's sister is a florist.D. The author's cousin is a baker.5. What can we infer from the passage?A. Wedding customs are different from place to place.B. The author was disappointed, and her mother the opposite.C. A successful wedding needs long preparation.D. Money is very important for weddings.II. Reading Comprehension II 1--5 DABCDOne of the greatest philosophers of Western thought is Benjamin Franklin. Franklin is known as “the poor man's philosopher” because his simple wisdom is so clear that even 'an uneducated man could understand it.Franklin offered homilies (布道) such as “Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.”Many of these sayings were published anonymously by Franklin in his Poor Richard's Almanac. This pamphlet 小册子), which was published from 1732 to 1757, also contained a calendar, weather predictions, and poetry, and was a very popular magazine in its day.Franklin, also known as a diplomat, printer, American patriot, scientist, and inventor, contributed greatly to the development of democratic government, and to the culture of the American people.Some of his maxims found from this publication include:•Let thy discontents by thy secrets; if the worm knows them 't will despise thee and increase them.•Necessity never makes a good bargain.•Three may keep a secret, if two of them are dead.•Where there's Marriage without Love, there will be Love without Marriage.•If you'd have it done, Go; if not, Send.Ben Franklin did much to contribute to the general body of knowledge in so many areas. It is well worth the time to cultivate some knowledge of this man and his many accomplishments.1. Why is Franklin known as "the poor man's philosopher"?A. Because Franklin was probably from a poor family.B. Because Franklin's wisdom is not very well-known.C. Because the rich are not interested in his philosophy.D. Because it's easy for common people to understand his philosophy.2. What was Poor Richard's Almanac in the passage?A. A kind of magazine.B. A detective novel.C. A sales brochure.D. A history book.3. What does the underlined word "maxims" mean?A. Hobbies, interests, or social customs.B. Proverbs or some well-known life philosophy.C. Some parts that a book mainly comprises.D. Some different sections of a publication.4. Which of the following contributions of Franklin is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. The contribution to the general body of knowledge.B. The contribution to the culture of the American people.C. The contribution to the development of agriculture.D. The contribution to the development of democratic government.5. What does the author suggest at the end of the passage?A. Don't waste any minute in life.B. It's worth becoming an inventor like Franklin.C. It's a waste of time to cultivate rich and famous people.D. It's worth developing some of Franklin's wisdom.II. Reading Comprehension II 1-- 5 BABDCMy mother, at age 75, is a very tough person. She looks like a tiny dainty (小巧玲珑的) doll, but she's made of steel. When she was ten, she witnessed Japanese soldiers killing her parents, leaving her the head of the household with a younger brother and sister. Other family members took her brother and sister, but she was left to fend (保护) for herself. She became a soldier, rising to a high rank, then worked in the government for a number of years.Five years ago, Mother took a tour of the United States, and was hit by a Japanese-made car accidentally. Every bone on the left side of her body was broken. Her brain swelled (肿胀), and she went into a coma (昏迷) for eight months. No one expected her to survive. One day she woke up, and the first thing she said was, "Nothing made in Japan is going to kill me!"There are so many brave and wonderful people who have survived the hell of war, and its aftermath (后果). But Mother is my favorite person. She has sweetness, a sense of humor, and determination to lead a good and full life despite everything. I wonder how many of us could face the challenges and losses she has faced, and still believe that life is a wonderful gift.1. What happened to the author's grandparents when her mother was 10?A. Died of illness.B. Killed by Japanese soldiers.C. Divorced each other.D. Left their motherland.2. Which of the following is NOT true of the author's mother?A. She brought up her younger brother and sister.B. She worked in the government for years.C. She ever served in the army.D. She began to fend for herself at the age of 10.3. What happened to the author's mother when she traveled to the United States several years ago?A. She died in a car accident.B. She was badly hurt by a car.C. She survived a Japanese murder.D. She was murdered by a Japanese.4. In the author's mind, what kind of a woman is her mother?A. Tough.B. Optimistic.C. Humorous.D. All of the above.5. What's the author's attitude toward her mother?A. Critical.B. Pessimistic.C. Respectful.D. Sarcastic.II. Reading Comprehension II 1-- 5 BCCADWhen I lived in Canada, many people asked me about Chinese customs. I was happy to talk about our many lovely traditions, such as Spring Festival. But I was unprepared for the number of people who asked me about Japan, Korea, and India! It seemed unbelievable to me that so many people were unaware that China is a nation with its own tradition and history. Recently, while working on a new textbook at a publishing company, I asked a foreign colleague about weddings in Nigeria. She looked at me as if I were crazy, and said, "How would I know? I'm from Canada."I told her that all foreign cultures are alike, so she should know. She threw her head back and laughed. "Xiao Li," she told me. "I don't mean to hurt your feelings, but all countries have customs different from one another! Didn't you tell me how angry you were when Western people asked you about Japan? It's not just nations that are different: country people have different ways of celebrating from city people. Celebrations are different from family to family as well." At first, my feelings were very hurt, but then I realized she was right. From that time on, I have not expected my foreign colleagues to know all about the customs or languages of lands other than their own!1. Why did the author feel it was unbelievable when some Western people asked him about Japan, Korea and India?A. Because he hadn't ever been to these countries.B. Because he didn't expect few people knew China has its own tradition and history.C. Because he didn't like these countries.D. Because he thought that those Western people were empty-headed.2. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to this passage?A. The author was happy to talk about Chinese customs.B. The author's foreign colleague didn't know about weddings in Nigeria.C. All foreign cultures are the same.D. The author was angry when he was asked about Japan.3. What does "threw her head back" mean?A. Nodded her head.B. Shook her head.C. Faced upward.D. Moved her head to the side.4. Why did the author ask his foreign colleague about weddings in Nigeria?A. Because he thought that all foreign cultures were alike.B. Because the colleague was a Nigerian.C. Because the colleague used to live in Nigeria.D. Because the colleague was very knowledgeable.5. Which of the following can NOT be inferred from this passage?A. Celebrations are different from family to family.B. Customs are different in Japan, Korea, India and China.C. The author would never ask his foreign colleagues about the customs that are nottheir own.D. The author's foreign colleague used to visit Nigeria.II. Reading Comprehension II 1-- 5 ABDCBIf you want to be taken seriously in the business world, you must understand how to write a proper letter. Don't use big words: use everyday language. The word "per" is often used in business communication. It's not a real word! Don't use it. Use short words, and short paragraphs.Space your paragraphs evenly and cleanly for a more professional look. The average paper can hold 66 sentences: use this guide as you format your letter, so that the bulk 大部分) of the words are nicely centered. Think about when your letter is going to reach its recipient. You don't want your letter to get lost in the end-of-the-month bills. A letter that arrives on Monday is less likely to be read carefully than one that arrives on Tuesday. A good tip: include the words "you" or "your" as one of the first three opening words. Why? It draws the reader's attention to the letter! The only thing better than this is opening with a referral (提及) to a mutual acquaintance (熟人.), as in "Liu Deming suggested that I write to you." Readers also love stories--particularly humor--and anything in quotes. Quotation marks catch the eye, and make the letter look more inviting. Sign your letter legibly, so that your name can be read clearly. Nothing says "egomaniac" like a big, ugly scrawl (潦草的笔迹).1. What is the main idea of the passage?A. How to write a proper business letter.B. How to use everyday language in a letter.C. How to space paragraphs evenly and cleanly in a letter.D. How to use short words and short sentences in a letter.2. Which of the following sentences is NOT true according to the passage?A. Big words should not appear in a business letter.B. The word "per" should be used in a business letter.C. A letter had better arrive on Tuesday than on Monday.D. Stories or humors can be used to attract readers.3. What is a better tip on starting a business letter?A. Start the letter with the words such as "you" or "your".B. Start the letter in a courteous manner.C. Start the letter with stories or humors.D. Start the letter with a referral to a mutual acquaintance.4. What does the word "legibly" mean in the passage?A. Properly.B. Cleanly.C. Readably.D. Evenly.5. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Writing proper business letters is of first importance in the business world.B. Following the advice in this passage, one can be taken seriously in the business world.C. People are sure to be successful in the business world if they write letters in the wayproposed in this passage.D. The author ever failed in the business world because he lacked the skills in writing properbusiness letters.。

郑州大学期末试题及答案

郑州大学期末试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 郑州大学位于我国的哪个省份？A. 河南省B. 山东省C. 河北省D. 陕西省答案：A2. 郑州大学的校训是什么？A. 厚德载物B. 求实创新C. 博学笃行D. 明德至善答案：B3. 郑州大学创建于哪一年？A. 1956年B. 1958年C. 1960年D. 1962年答案：B4. 郑州大学的校歌名称是什么？A. 郑州大学校歌B. 郑大之歌C. 黄河之滨D. 郑大精神答案：A5. 郑州大学的主要校区位于郑州市的哪个区域？A. 金水区B. 二七区C. 中原区D. 管城回族区答案：A6. 郑州大学图书馆的藏书量超过多少万册？A. 100万B. 200万C. 300万D. 400万答案：C7. 郑州大学有多少个学院？A. 30个B. 35个C. 40个D. 45个答案：B8. 郑州大学的学生人数大约是多少？A. 3万人B. 4万人C. 5万人D. 6万人答案：C9. 郑州大学的校徽上的主要元素是什么？A. 书本B. 火炬C. 校门D. 校训答案：B10. 郑州大学的校庆日是每年的哪一天？A. 5月20日B. 6月1日C. 7月1日D. 8月1日答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. 郑州大学是河南省唯一的一所“211工程”和“双一流”建设高校。

2. 郑州大学的校徽以蓝色为主色调，象征着______。

答案：智慧与未来3. 郑州大学的校园占地面积约为______亩。

答案：57004. 郑州大学拥有______个国家级重点学科。

答案：65. 郑州大学的校庆日定在每年的______月______日。

答案：5月20日6. 郑州大学图书馆是河南省最大的图书馆之一，藏书量超过______册。

答案：300万7. 郑州大学的教学科研仪器设备总值超过______亿元。

答案：108. 郑州大学的学生社团数量超过______个。

答案：2009. 郑州大学的校园内有______个食堂，为师生提供餐饮服务。

郑州大学网络教育高等数学期末考试复习题及参考答案

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正确错误
回答错误！正确答案： A
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回答错误！正确答案： B
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回答错误！正确答案： B
函数的极值点一定是函数的驻点。收藏
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回答错误！正确答案： B
连续周期函数的原函数为周期函数。
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2022年郑州大学生物技术专业《微生物学》期末试卷A(有答案)

2022年郑州大学生物技术专业《微生物学》期末试卷A(有答案）一、填空题1、磷壁酸是革兰氏______性细菌细胞壁上的特有成分，主要成分为______或______。

2、温和噬菌体能以______整合在寄主细胞的染色体上，形成______细胞，该细胞具有______、______、______、______、______等几个特征（填三个特征即可）。

3、目前知道的所有固氮微生物都属______生物和______菌类，在分类地位上隶属于______菌科、______菌科、______菌目、______菌科、______细菌以及______属和______属中的部分菌种。

4、碳源对微生物的功能是______和______，微生物可用的碳源物质主要有______、______、______、______、______和______等。

5、真核微生物包括______、______、______和______等几个大类。

6、要加速发展我国的微生物学，应努力从以下几个方面人手： ______；______；______；______等。

7、由于升汞（HgCl2）有腐蚀作用，所以不能用于______消毒，特别是______制品。

8、参与硫循环的微生物有______、______、______。

9、Avery和他的合作者分别用降解DNA、RNA和蛋白质的酶作用于有毒的S型细胞抽提物，然后分别与______混合，结果发现，只有DNA被酶解而遭到破坏的抽提物无转化活性，说明DNA是转化所必须的转化因子。

10、在人体当中，执行免疫功能的物质基础是______，它包括______、______、______。

二、判断题11、放线菌具有菌丝，并以孢子进行繁殖，它属于真核微生物。

（）12、生物界所需的一切能源，都是直接或间接地来自太阳能。

（）13、在化能自养细菌中，呼吸链除具有产能功能外，还具有产[H]的功能。

（）14、与其他微生物相似，同种病毒粒或噬菌体个体间，也存在生长期（即年龄）和形态上的差别。

郑州大学英语期末考试试题及答案

郑州大学英语期末考试试题及答案卷一一、交际英语1.- What's the date today?- _________A.It's October.B.It's Monday.C.It's not the right time.D.The second of July.答案：D2.- What a beautiful dress you have on today!- _________A.It is suitable for me.B.No, it isn't.C.You want to have one, too?D.Thank you.答案：D3.- What's the problem with your bike?- _________A.Not at all.B.Good, thank you.C.Nothing serious.D.Sure答案：C4.- Good morning, John. How are you doing?- _________A.I'm pleased.B.Good night.C.Not so bad. And you?D.How do you do?答案：C5.- Wow! This is a marvelous room! I've never known you're so artistic.- ______A.Great, I am very art-conscious.B.Don't mention it.C.Thanks for your compliments.D.It's fine.答案：C二、阅读理解A driver stopped his car on a street side to have a rest. As he lay downin the seat and closed his eyes, a man came up and knocked at the window to askthe time. The driver opened his eyes and looked at his watch. “It's 8 a.m.,” he said. Then he went tosleep again.But soon he woke up because a second person was knocking at the window.“Sir, do you have the time?” he asked. The driver looked at his watch again,and told the man it was 8:30 a.m..At this rate (照此下去), he could not have a good rest, so he wrotea short note and put it up on the window for all to see. It said, “I don't havethe time.”Again the man lay down in the seat for his sleep. A few minutes later, athird person came along and began knocking at the window. “Hey, sir,” he said,“it's a quarter to nine.”6.He was woken up again by the second person a few minutes later.A.TB.F答案：B7.The driver stopped his car because he was very tired.A.TB.F答案：A8.The driver had a very good rest after he put up the note on the window.A.TB.F答案：B9.The third person came to knock at the window to tell him the time.A.TB.F答案：A10.According to this passage, we know that the driver didn't have his ownhouse.A.TB.F答案：BWhen John and Victoria Falls arrived in New York City for one-year stay,they did not bring very many things with them. They had planned either to livein a furnished apartment or to buy used furniture. But they soon learned abouta new system that more and more people are using. The renting of homefurnishings (bed, tables, dishes, and so on) has become one of America’sfastest growing businesses.What kinds of people rent their home furnishings instead of buying them?People who are international business or government officials, foreign students,airline workers, young married couples - people whose job or business may forcethemto move frequently from one city to another. They save a lot of troubleand the cost of moving their furniture each time. They simply rent newfurniture when they reach their new homes. Young people with little money donot want to buy cheap furniture that they may soon dislike. They prefer to waituntil they have enough money to buy furniture they really like. Meanwhile, theyfind they can rent better quality furniture than they could afford to buy.One family, who now have a large, beautiful home of their own, liked theirrented furniture so much that they decided to keep renting it instead of buyingnew things. But usually people don’t like to tell others about it. The idea ofrenting home furnishings is still quite new, and they are not sure what theirneighbors might think.11.Which of the following has become one of America’s fastest growingbusinesses?A.Selling home furnishings.B.Renting furnished apartments.C.Selling used furniture.D.Renting home furnishings.答案：D12.Why do some people prefer to rent furniture?A.Because the furniture they get in this way is new.B.Because it saves them a lot of money.C.Because it saves them much trouble and money.D.Because they can always get better quality furniture in this way.答案：C13.What can you infer from the passage?A.The idea of renting furniture is not acceptable.B.Renting furniture is not popular in the couple’s home town.C.Only those who don’t have enough money to rent furniture.D.People usually grow to like the furniture they have rented.答案：B14.Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage?A.Rent or Buy?B.A New Way of Getting Home Furnishings.C.Furnished Apartments.D.A New Idea.答案：B15.Young people liked renting home furniture because_________A.they have less money.B.they don’t want to buy old furniture.C.the new furniture is of good quality.D.they don’t have much money and don’t want to buy the cheap furniture.答案：D三、词汇与语法16.It took me a long time to ________ the disappointment of failing theexam.A.get overB.get upC.get intoD.get down答案：A17.He ______ to me last week.A.is writingB.writesC.wroteD.is written答案：C18.His mother _____alone since his father died.A.livedB.livesC.has livedD.is living答案：C19.The harder you study, ____ you will learn.A.muchB.manyC.the moreD.much more答案：C20.The young lady coming over to us _____ our English teacher; the way shewalks tells us that!A.must beB.can beC.would beD.could be答案：A四、完型填空Water is the most important of all the things we eat and ___21___. Notmany people understand this, but it's quite ___22___. The human body can gowithout food for a long time, yet two or three days without water can usuallymake people die.Many people don't know how ___23___ water the humanbody needs to workwell, and many people do not drink enough,___24___in hot weather. Our body ismostly water about 67%--75%. If we don't have enough, we'll feel ___25___ andmany will get ill. So, you know, how important the water is to us all.21.A.muchB.tiredC.evenD.trueE.drink答案：E22.A.muchB.tiredC.evenD.trueE.drink答案：D23.A.muchB.tiredC.evenD.trueE.drink答案：A24.A.muchB.tiredC.evenD.trueE.drink答案：C25.A.muchB.tiredC.evenD.trueE.drink答案：B五、英译汉26.Talking for a long time makes me tired.答案：长时间的谈话使我感到疲倦。

郑州大学网上学习导论期末考试答案

本卷共有4大题。

一、单项选择题〔15道小题，共30分〕1、发送E-mail时需要填入对方的信箱地址，这里描述的是？〔2分〕A、收件人B、发件人C、主题D、附件2、以下四个选项中哪种是最新的长途教育模式？A、函授教育〔2分〕B、播送电视教育D、网络教育C、自学测验3、在学习过程中，学生需要经常登录郑州大学长途教育学院主页，网址是？〔2分〕A、 :// B、 :// zzuD、 ://dls.zzuC、 ://4、正确的电子邮件地址是？〔2分〕A、fuwu@B、 @D、fuwu#C、5、上网点播课件占总成就的：〔2分〕A、30％B、20％D、50％C、10％6、以下网站哪一个不是搜索网站？〔2分〕A、 baiduB、 googleD、 sohuC、 sogou7、长途教育的主要载体是？〔2分〕A、电视B、光盘D、播送C、互联网+光盘+卫星电视8、期末测验占总成就的：〔2分〕A、30％B、10％D、50％C、10％9、综合评价占总成就的：〔2分〕A、30％B、10％D、50％C、10％10、在线测试占总成就的：〔2分〕A、30％B、20％D、50％C、10％11、WinRAR是什么软件？〔2分〕A、聊天东西B、压缩东西D、搜索引擎C、浏览器12、URL指的是？〔2分〕A、一个软件C、网页地址B、文件格式D、浏览器13、学生申请课程免修，必需填写?课程免修申请表?，在入学后什么时间报长途教育学院审批？〔2分〕A、一周内B、一个月内C、两个月内D、三个月内〔2分〕14、免修课程的学分数，不得超过本专业教学方案总学分数的：A、三分之一C、四分之一B、三分之二D、五分之二15、毕业生图像采集后，进行个人信息校对的网址是：A、 chsi 〔2分〕B、C、 D、二、多项选择题〔15道小题，共30分〕1、网络学习的正常进行需要以下哪些因素：〔2分〕A、运行不变的个人计算机B、快速流畅的互联网宽带C、对个人计算机的根本操作技能D、关于网络应用的根本操作技能2、网络教育区别于传统教育的特点是：A、开放性〔2分〕B、共享性D、灵活性C、交互性3、郑州大学长途教育学院期末课程测验时间是：A、4月〔2分〕B、5月C、6月D、10月4、以部属于网上学习方式的有：〔2分〕A、课件点播C、网上作业B、在线测试D、教材光盘5、网络教育中学生需要培养的学习能力有：〔2分〕A、计算机根本操作技能B、网络操作技能D、网络沟通能力C、自主学习能力6、郑州大学现代长途教育采用的教学方式有：A、实时教学〔2分〕B、非实时教学C、网上学习D、学习中心适当面授教学7、课程设计、尝试实习、毕业论文的查核，按哪些等级进行评定和登记：〔2分〕A、优C、中B、良D、及格E、不及格8、课程测验主要采用以下几种方式：〔2分〕A、闭卷笔试B、开卷笔试D、面试C、作业与课程论文相结合的方式9、撰写一篇毕业论文需要哪些阶段：〔2分〕A、选题B、搜集资料D、撰写论文C、阅读和阐发资料10、申请免修一个学期的公共英语课的情况是：〔2分〕A、获得大学英语等级测验(CET)四级或以上级别证书者C、全国英语等级测验(PETS)三级或以上级别证书者B、全国英语等级测验(PETS)二级或以上级别证书者D、省级教育行政部分组织的成人教育学位英语测验成绩合格者11、郑州大学长途教育学院采纳的辩论形式：〔2分〕A、现场辩论B、长途视频辩论D、电子邮件辩论C、长途语音辩论12、我国现代长途教育的开展经历了哪三个主要时代：A、成人教育〔2分〕B、函授教育C、播送电视教育D、现代长途教育〔网络教育〕13、毕业生图像采集后凭＿＿＿＿＿进入“学历电子注册图像校对系统〞，校对个人信息。

级郑州大学理工科大学物理上册期末考试题及答案

2013级郑州大学理工科期末考试试题大学物理（上册）合分人_______________复查人_____________一．选择题（共21分）1、（本题3分）用水平压力F把一个物体压着靠在粗糙的竖直墙面上保持静止．当F逐渐增大时，物体所受的静摩擦力f （） (A) 恒为零． (B) 不为零，但保持不变． (C) 随F 成正比地增大． (D) 开始随F 增大，达到某一最大值后，就保持不变［］2、（本题3分）设有一“无限大”均匀带正电荷的平面．取x 轴垂直带电平面，坐标原点在带电平面上，则其周围空间各点的电场强度E随距离平面的位置坐标x 变化的关系曲线为(规定场强方向沿x 轴正向为正、反之为负)：［］3、（本题3分）x点电荷Q 被曲面S 所包围，从无穷远处引入另一点电荷q 至曲面外一点，如图所示，则引入前后：(A) 曲面S 的电场强度通量不变，曲面上各点场强不变．(B) 曲面S 的电场强度通量变化，曲面上各点场强不变．(C) 曲面S 的电场强度通量变化，曲面上各点场强变化． (D) 曲面S 的电场强度通量不变，曲面上各点场强变化．［］ 4、（本题3分）已知某电场的电场线分布情况如图所示．现观察到一负电荷从M 点移到N 点．有人根据这个图作出下列几点结论，其中哪点是正确的？(A) 电场强度E M ＞E N ． (B) 电势U M ＞U N ． (C) 电势能W M ＜W N ． (D) 电场力的功A ＞0．［］ 5、（本题3分）把A ，B 两块不带电的导体放在一带正电导体的电场中,如图所示. 设无限远处为电势零点，A 的电势为U A ，B 的电势为U B ，则 (A) U B > U A ≠0． (B) U B > U A = 0． (C) U B = U A ． (D) U B < U A ．［］ 6、（本题3分）两个半径相同的金属球，一为空心，一为实心，把两者各自孤立时的电容值加以比较，则(A) 空心球电容值大． (B) 实心球电容值大． (C) 两球电容值相等． (D) 大小关系无法确定．［］ 7、（本题3分）把单摆摆球从平衡位置向位移正方向拉开，使摆线与竖直方向成一微小角度θ ，然后由静止放手任其振动，从放手时开始计时．若用余弦函数表示其运动方程，则该单摆振动的初相为 (A) π． (B) π/2． (C) 0 ． (D) θ．［］ qAB二、填空题（共21分）8、（本题4分）如图，在光滑水平桌面上，有两个物体A 和B 紧靠在一起．它们的质量分别为m A ＝2 kg ，m B ＝1 kg ．今用一水平力F ＝3 N 推物体B ，则B 推A 的力等于______________．如用同样大小的水平力从右边推A ，则A 推B 的力等于___________________．9、（本题5分）1 mol 氧气(视为刚性双原子分子的理想气体)贮于一氧气瓶中，温度为27℃，这瓶氧气的内能为________________J ；分子的平均平动动能为____________Ｊ；分子的平均总动能为_____________________Ｊ． (摩尔气体常量 R = 8.31 J ·mol -1·K -1 玻尔兹曼常量 k = 1.38×10-23Ｊ·K -1）10、（本题3分）一质子和一α粒子进入到同一电场中，两者的加速度之比，a p ∶a α＝________________．11、（本题3分）在相对介电常量为εr 的各向同性的电介质中，电位移矢量与场强之间的关系是___________________ ．12、（本题3分）在相对介电常量εr = 4的各向同性均匀电介质中，与电能密度w e =2×106 J/cm 3相应的电场强度的大小E =_______________________． (真空介电常量ε0 = 8.85×10-12 C 2/(N ·m 2))13、（本题3分）两个同方向的简谐振动，周期相同，振幅分别为A 1 = 0.05 m 和A 2 = 0.07 m ，它们合成为一个振幅为A = 0.09 m 的简谐振动．则这两个分振动的相位差为 ___________rad ．三、计算题（共50分）14、（本题10分）如图所示，有两个长方形的物体A 和B 紧靠着静止放在光滑的水平桌面上，已知m A ＝2 kg ，m B ＝3 kg ．现有一质量m ＝100 g 的子弹以速率v 0＝800 m/s 水平射入长方体A ，经t = 0.01 s ，又射入长方体B ，最后停留在长方体B 内未射出．设子弹射入A 时所受的摩擦力为F= 3×103 N ，求：(1) 子弹在射入A 的过程中，B 受到A 的作用力的大小． (2) 当子弹留在B 中时，A 和B 的速度大小．得分评阅人BAv 0。

郑大远程教育《网上学习导论》期末考试

郑⼤远程教育《⽹上学习导论》期末考试⼀、单项选择题（15道⼩题，共30分）1、郑州⼤学远程教育学院⽬前开展得就是？（2分）A、函授教育B、⼴播电视教育C、⾃学考试D、基于互联⽹得远程教育2、发送E-mail时需要填⼊对⽅得信箱地址，这⾥描述得就是？（2分）A、收件⼈B、发件⼈C、主题D、附件3、下列四个选项中哪种就是最新得远程教育模式？（2分）A、函授教育B、⼴播电视教育C、⾃学考试D、⽹络教育4、期末考试占总成绩得：（2分）A、30％B、10％C、10％5、远程教育得主要载体就是？（2分）A、电视B、光盘C、互联⽹+光盘+卫星电视D、⼴播6、正确得电⼦邮件地址就是？（2分）A、fuwu@zzu、edu、cnB、fuwu-zzu、edu、cn@C、fuwu、zzu、edu、cnD、fuwu#zzu、edu、cn7、除中央电⼤外，我国开展现代远程教育试点得⾼等院校有多少所？（2分）A、66B、67C、68D、698、下列⽹站哪⼀个不就是搜索⽹站？（2分）A、www、baidu、comB、www、google、comC、www、sogou、comD、www、sohu、com9、上⽹点播课件占总成绩得：（2分）A、30％B、20％C、10％D、50％10、在线测试占总成绩得：（2分）A、30％B、20％C、10％D、50％11、下列哪个软件不就是⽹络即时交流⼯具？（2分）A、QQB、MSNC、SkypeD、FlashGet12、URL指得就是？（2分）A、⼀个软件B、⽂件格式C、⽹页地址D、浏览器13、免修课程得学分数，不得超过本专业教学计划总学分数得：（2分）A、三分之⼀B、三分之⼆C、四分之⼀D、五分之⼆14、如果对考试成绩有疑问，⼀般在成绩公布＿＿＿＿＿＿＿天内可以复核。

（2分）A、15天B、30天C、45天D、60天15、我院⽹络课件点播时,下列哪个软件就是需要安装得？（2分）A、Windows Media PlayerB、Adobe ReaderC、WinZipD、Opera⼆、多项选择题（15道⼩题，共30分）1、以下属于⽹上学习⽅式得有：（2分）A、课件点播B、在线测试C、⽹上作业D、教材光盘2、郑州⼤学远程教育学院期末课程考试时间就是：（2分）A、4⽉B、5⽉D、10⽉3、⽹络学习得正常进⾏需要下列哪些因素：（2分）A、运⾏稳定得个⼈计算机B、快速流畅得互联⽹宽带C、对个⼈计算机得基本操作技能D、关于⽹络应⽤得基本操作技能4、课程成绩由哪些考查形式组成：（2分）A、上⽹点播课件⾃主学习B、学习中⼼综合考评C、在线⾃测D、期末课程考试5、⽹络教育中学⽣需要培养得学习能⼒有：（2分）A、计算机基本操作技能B、⽹络操作技能C、⾃主学习能⼒D、⽹络沟通能⼒6、课程设计、实验实习、毕业论⽂得考核，按哪些等级进⾏评定与登记：（2分）A、优B、良C、中D、及格7、郑州⼤学现代远程教育采⽤得教学⽅式有：（2分）A、实时教学B、⾮实时教学C、⽹上学习D、学习中⼼适当⾯授教学8、撰写⼀篇毕业论⽂需要哪些阶段：（2分）A、选题B、搜集资料C、阅读与分析资料D、撰写论⽂9、课程考试主要采⽤以下⼏种⽅式：（2分）A、闭卷笔试B、开卷笔试C、作业与课程论⽂相结合得⽅式D、⾯试10、全国统考采⽤得形式就是：（2分）A、⽹上报名B、⽹上缴费C、⽹上考试D、学习中⼼预约11、郑州⼤学远程教育学院采取得答辩形式：（2分）A、现场答辩B、远程视频答辩C、远程语⾳答辩D、电⼦邮件答辩12、我国现代远程教育得发展经历了哪三个主要时代：（2分）A、成⼈教育B、函授教育C、⼴播电视教育D、现代远程教育（⽹络教育）13、郑州⼤学在哪些⽅⾯享有办学⾃主权：（2分）A、专业设置B、招⽣计划C、招⽣形式D、录取标准E、教学组织F、⽂凭颁发14、毕业⽣图像采集后凭＿＿＿＿＿进⼊“学历电⼦注册图像校对系统”，校对个⼈信息。

郑州大学研究生期末英语测试题

AGENERAL ENGLISH QUALIFYING TESTFOR NON-ENGLISH MAJOR GRADUATE STUDENTS(GETJUN2109)考试注意事项一、本考试由两份试卷组成：试卷一（Paper One）包括听力理解、词汇、完形填空与阅读理解四部分，共80题，按顺序统一编号；试卷二 (Paper Two) 包括翻译与写作两部分，共3题。

二、试卷一（题号1-80）为客观评分题（听力Section C 部分除外），答案一律用2B铅笔做在机读答题纸上，在对应题号下所选的字母中间划黑道，如[A][B][C][D]。

三、试卷二为主观评分题，答案做在ANSWER SHEET II上。

答题前，请仔细阅读试卷二的注意事项。

四、试卷一、试卷二上均不得作任何记号（听力Section C部分除外），答案一律写在答题纸上，否则无效。

五、本考试全部时间为150分钟，采用试卷一与试卷二分卷计时的办法。

试卷一考试时间为90分钟，听力理解部分以放完录音带为准，大约25分钟；其余部分共计时65分钟，每部分所占时间均标在试卷上，考生可自行掌握。

试卷二共计时60分钟，每部分所占时间均标在试卷上，考生可自行掌握。

六、试卷一与试卷二采取分别收卷的办法。

每次终了时间一到，考生一律停笔，等候监考教师收点试卷及答题纸。

全部考试结束后，须待监考教师将全部试卷及答题纸收点无误并宣布本考试结束，方可离开考场。

PAPER ONEPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (25 MINUTES, 20 POINTS)Section A (1 point each)Directions: In this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation a question will be askedabout what was said. The conversations and the questions will beread only once. Choose the best answer from the four choices givenby marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across thesquare brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.1. A. Visit her parents.B. Go to the dentist.C. Meet her professor.D. Have a job interview.2. A. Bob is majoring in history.B. Bob is a little boring.C. He likes Bob very much.D. They should invite Bob to the party.3. A. The flight was delayed.B. She didn’t like the movies.C. She had seen both movies before.D. No movies were shown on her flight.4. A. It’s drier.B. It’s wetter.C. It’s abnormal.D. It’s an average year.5. A. Western.B. Horror.C. Science fiction.D. Action.6. A. Wait for Mike.B. Ask Mike to come.C. Pick Mike up in the morning.D. Stop working for the day.7. A. She doesn’t like playing tennis.B. She was thinking the same as the man.C. She had something else in mind.D. She had suggested the same thing earlier.8. A. Matt wants to be cheered up.B. Matt has lost himself.C. Matt worries little about the game.D. Matt feels a little depressed.9. A. The man is a coward.B. The man is too careful.C. Martha likes chicken very much.D. Martha is not the right person for him.Section B (1 point each)Directions: In this section you will hear two mini-talks. At the end of each talk, there will be some questions. Both the talks and the questions will beread to you only once. After each question, there will be a pause.During the pause, you must choose the best answer from the fourchoices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single baracross the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet. Mini-talk One10. A. Mr. Lee always wastes time in class.B. Mr. Lee likes talking about history.C. Mr. Lee always feels bored in class.D. Mr. Lee is a little funny.11. A. Boring.B. Satisfactory.C. Inconsistent.D. Inspiring.12. A. Jim has taken a low end job.B. Jim has got a well-paid job.C. Jim is not hopeless in finding a job.D. Jim is desperate in finding a job.Mini-talk Two13. A. The control of drug trafficking in the United States.B. The anti-drug war about the border between Mexico and U.S.C. The investigation of the death of a retired U.S. general.D. The fight of corruption inside Mexican police.14. A. The criminal groups are growing very rapidly.B. The criminal groups can get more profits now.C. Mexican government has not been serious about the drug trade.D. Mexican government is effective in fighting the drug trade.15. A. 6,000B. 10,000C. 45,000D. 54,000Section C (1 point each)Directions: In this section, you will hear a short lecture. Listen to the recording and complete the notes about the lecture. You will hear the recordingtwice. After the recording, you are asked to write down your answerson the Answer Sheet. You now have 25 seconds to read the notesbelow.(请在录音结束后把16-20题的答案抄写在答题纸上)16. For best results with the least risk, tomatoes should be planted when ________.17. Some larger tomatoes may need at least a meter and a half ________.18. The average air temperature should be about _________ Celsius.19. There was a time when people thought tomatoes ________, which is not true.20. Some fruits may be called "vegetables" because they are used in deliciousfoods instead of ________.PART II VOCABULARY (10 minutes, 10 points)Section A (0.5 point each)Directions: There are ten questions in this section. Each question is a sentence with one word or phrase underlined. Below the sentence are fourwords or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrasethat is closest in meaning to the underlined one. Mark thecorresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets onyour machine-scoring Answer Sheet.21. People who work overtime at any job are more likely to sustain awork-related injury than those who work their regular hours.support D.sufferendureA.maintainB.C.22. These instruments are so powerful as to enable them to ascertain many factsof the deepest interest.out D.turnoutout C.wearfindputA.outB.23. Kunz looked set to become a star in his field, but he gave it all up after thesefailures.C.D.builtdeterminedA.fixed B.stereotyped24. In the disciplines underlying our high-tech economy, America is steadily losingits global edge.D.territoryappealC.A. borderB. superiority25. The Chinese economy is less affected, so there is no reason to take a dimview of economic growth.A. pessimisticB. blackC. vagueD. positive26. The spacecraft touched down on schedule and the astronauts were helped outof it.crashedD.A. launchedB. operatedC.landed27. In the tropic rainforest there is a wide range of species peculiar to this area.distinct D.odd C.familiarB.A.specific28. The officer distributed among the youngster all the blankets and provisions,withholding himself only a canteen.A. keeping offB. keeping backC. keeping atD. keeping up29. These graduates are more than obliged to the college for the happy four yearsof college life.A. obligatoryB. reluctantC. indifferentD. grateful30. Regular exercise can keep you energetic and contribute to a productive life inthe long run.A. athleticallyB. successivelyC. ultimatelyD. persistentlySection B (0.5 point each)Directions: There are ten questions in this section. Each question is a sentence with something missing. Below each sentence are four words orphrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that bestcompletes the sentence. Mark the corresponding letter with a singlebar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring AnswerSheet.31. Observers commented that loss of independence was too high a(n) _______ topay for peace.D.expenditurepriceA.costB.expense C.32.The journalist who had set out to obtain these important facts _______ along time to send them.D.consumedpassedA.spentB.took C.33.Telling your doctor about all the medicines you take may help avoid seriousdrug _______.A.interactionsB. interruptionsC. interventionsD. institutions34.Two dozen New Yorkers stood on the platform at the subway station,_______ briefcases and newspapers.clashing D.clarifyingA.clippingB.clutching C.35.Each _______ effort a baby makes at speech is a sign of intellectualdevelopment.clumsy D.chroniccompact C.A.cordialB.36.Iran has expanded its uranium enrichment activities _______ UN demandsto scrap its nuclear-related programs.A. in defiance ofB. in line withC. in return forD. in relation to37.China moved to _______ its grain production when its grain output had keptdeclining for five consecutive years.A.turn upB. take upC. step upD. make up38.The most interesting thing _______ Americans is that they are brought up tobelieve they are the best at everything.A.withB. inC. fromD. about39.The dean asked the secretary if there were enough people _______ to hold afaculty meeting.onhand D.averageC.onendonpurposeA.onB.40.Visitors to this war museum are _______ to see photos of mass massacre byJapanese soldiers.A. amazedB. startledC. wonderedD. startedPART III CLOZE TEST (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 point each)Directions: There are 10 questions in this part of the test. Read the passage through. Then go back and choose one suitable word or phrasemarked A, B, C, or D for each blank in the passage. Mark thecorresponding letter of the word or phrase you have chosen with asingle bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoringAnswer Sheet.It’s a new world, and we barely seem to have noticed. Places we 41 with inexpensive low-end manufacturing are going high-tech in a big 42 .The spotlight is mainly in China and India, for good 43 . The Chinese economy is surging, 44 by increasingly sophisticated engineering, with products 45 from automobiles to semiconductors. India has nearly as46 an economy, powered by a cheap English-speaking labor force who47 in software and services.Along with these 48 giants, countries like Japan, South Korea and Singapore are also challenging America’s 49 . If present trends continue, 90% of all the world’s scientists and engineers will be living in Asia 50 2010, according to Nobel Prize winner Richard E. Smalley, professor of chemistry and physics at Rice University.communicate D.concernassociate C.A.B.41.dealC.way D.routedimension scale B.42.A.effect D.healthpurpose C.reason B.A.43.fueledextinguishedD.burned C.B.A.44.checkeddiffering C.changing D.B.ranging varying45.A.C.staticdynamic D.drastictragic B.46.A.C.bypassovertake D.excelB.A.47.surpassD.mergingsubmergingA.48.emerging B.diverging C.49. A. manipulation B. presidency C. constitution D. dominanceby D.50.in C.before until B.A.PART IV READING COMPREHENSION (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 point each)Directions: In this part of the test, there are five short passages. Read each passage carefully, and then do the questions that follow. Choose thebest answer from the four choices given and mark the correspondingletter with a single bar across the square brackets on yourmachine-scoring Answer Sheet.Passage OneHeadphones used with MP3 digital music players like the iPod may interfere with heart pacemakers（起搏器）and implantable defibrillators（除颤器）, U.S. researchers said.The MP3 players themselves posed no threat to pacemakers and defibrillators, used to normalize heart rhythm. But strong little magnets inside the headphones can foul up the devices if placed within 1.2 inches of them, the researchers told an American Heart Association meeting in New Orleans.Dr. William Maisel of the Medical Device Safety Institute in Boston led a team that tested eight models of MP3 player headphones, including clip-on and ear-plug types, in 60 defibrillator and pacemaker patients.They placed the headphones on the patients' chests, directly over the devices. The headphones interfered with the heart devices in about a quarter of the patients -- 14 of the 60 -- and interference was twice as likely in those with a defibrillator than with a pacemaker.Another study presented at the meeting showed that cellular phones equipped with wireless technology known as Bluetooth are unlikely to interfere with pacemakers.A pacemaker sends electrical impulses to the heart to speed up or slow heart rhythm. The magnet, however, could make it deliver a signal no matter what the heart rate is, the researchers said.An implantable defibrillator signals the heart to normalize its rhythm if it gets too fast or slow. A magnet could de-activate it, making it ignore an abnormal heart rhythm instead of delivering an electrical shock to normalize it.The devices usually go back to working the right way after the headphones are removed, the researchers said."The main message here is: it's fine for patients to use their headphones normally, meaning they can listen to music and keep the headphones in their ears. But what they should not do is put the headphones near their device," Maisel said in a telephone interview.So that means people with pacemakers or defibrillators should not place the headphones in a shirt pocket or coat pocket near the chest when they are not being used, and should not place them over their chest or have others who are wearing headphones rest their head on the patient's chest, Maisel said.51. How can MP3 digital music players hinder pacemakers and defibrillators?A. MP3 players can interfere with heart pacemakers and defibrillators.B. The magnets inside the headphones can interfere with pacemakers anddefibrillators.C. The loud music beats pose a threat to pacemakers and defibrillators.D. MP3 players are placed too close to pacemakers and defibrillators.52. Dr. William Maisel’s tests showed that ________.A. headphones had interference with the heart devices in every patientB. half of the models of MP3 player headphones had interference with heartdevicesC. headphones had much stronger interference with a defibrillator than witha pacemakerD. headphones had much stronger interference with a pacemaker than witha defibrillator53. Bluetooth is mentioned as an example of cell phones that________.A. have little interference with the heart devicesB. are used in the tests in Dr. William Maisel’s studyC. are equipped with wireless technologyD. will replace the MP3 player headphones54. The magnets inside the headphones can cause problems by ________.A. sending out electrical shock to damage heartsB. sending out signals to make hearts beat too slowC. sending out signals to make hearts beat too fastD. making the heart devices malfunction55. People with pacemakers or defibrillators should ________.A. never use MP3 digital music playersB. not use MP3 headphonesC. not use the headphones near their heartsD. put the headphones in a pocket when they are not being used56. The writer’s purpose in writing this article is to ________.A. report the effects of cell phones on heartsB. warn people not to use modern gadgetsC. compare different headphone productsD. inform people of the safe use of MP3 playersPassage TwoCyber crime is likely to bring about as much destruction as the credit crisis in the coming years if international regulation is not improved, some of the world's top crime experts said. Damage caused by cyber crime is estimated at $100 billion annually, said Kilian Strauss, of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE)."These criminals outsmart us ten, or a hundred to one," Strauss told Reuters, adding more Internet experts were needed to investigate and tackle cyber crime.Criminal organizations are exploiting a regulatory vacuum to commit Internet crimes such as computer spying, money-laundering and theft of personal information, and the scope for damage is vast, experts told a European Economic Crime conference in Frankfurt. "We need multilateral understanding, account and oversight to avoid, in the years to come, a cyber crisis equivalent to the current financial crisis," Antonio Maria Costa, Executive Director of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, said.Internet crime is also a threat to national security, they said. Several countries, including the United States, have voiced concern over some hackers’ abilities to electronically spy on them and disrupt computer networks.Calls for greater regulation of the Internet come at a time of regulatory renaissance, with policymakers looking to support the powers of financial sector watchdogs in the wake of the global financial crisis. "Because of the transnational nature of identity-related crime, and especially of cyber-crime, if we do not tackle the crime everywhere we will not solve it anywhere," Costa said.The President of Interpol, Khoo Boon Hui, said increasingly highly technological gangs from Asia, Eastern Europe and Africa were coming up with ever more sophisticated ways of swindling money from vulnerable people. He also said there was a trend of company bosses being bribed by fraudsters claiming to have guilty evidence about their firms.Strauss, who works as Senior Program Officer at the Office of the Coordinator of OSCE Economic and Environmental activities, said Internet crime watchdogs could learn a lot from criminals willing to switch sides.57. The main idea of the passage is that ________.A. cyber crime is as destructive as the credit crisis in the coming yearsB. damage caused by cyber-crime is very serious and will get worseC. to fight cyber crime requires enhanced international regulationD. international organizations should be established to crush cyber-crime58. According to Kilian Strauss, ________.A. cyber criminals are 10 or 100 times smarter than Internet expertsB. Internet experts are 10 or 100 times smarter than cyber criminalsC. as cyber criminals are very smart, more experts are needed to fightagainst themD. the investigation of the cyber crime takes time and money59. Criminal organizations can commit internet crimes because ________.A. there is no effective regulationB. they can exploit the present regulationsC. no country has paid enough attention to themD. the current financial crisis has put the authorities at a loss60. To win the war against cyber crime, ________.A. policymakers should support their governments financiallyB. each country should solve its own problems effectivelyC. United States should play a very important roleD. international cooperation is crucial61. The underlined word swindling (in the 5th paragraph) is closest in meaning to“________”.A. bribingB. cheatingC. corruptingD. robbing62. Straus believes that ________.A. Internet security experts can learn a lot from cyber criminalsB. if cyber criminals will cooperate with the police, they can be helpfulC. Internet crime watchdogs will make cyber criminals shift groundsD. international organizations can solve the problems of cyber crimePassage ThreeIt’s hard to know who to trust these days. When we see people staging protests we think, Wow! These folks are passionate about their cause – otherwise, why would they stand in the rain for hours? But sometimes it’s a show: You and even your Congressman may have been raised to power by manipulative marketers who pay serious money to hire protesters.It’s a mean trick. Let’s say you want to stage a political rally, but you just can’t find enough people for a good turnout. What you need are folks with lots of time on their hands, who can be persuaded to make a fuss over almost anything.Solution: Head down to a homeless shelter and take out cash.No joke – hiring the homeless is catching on. Last October, a Georgia activist pushing a state law to crack down on illegal immigrants paid 14 homeless men $10 each to hold signs and march around. It worked. People thought the rally was genuine – a local radio station even broadcast it live. But listeners had no idea this was just a crowd for hire.Pay for rage works – the homeless get a little income and the lobbying group gets a crowd. The only losers are citizens and the media, who think the whole show is legitimate. After a Phoenix TV station recently noticed rallies featuring the homeless, they asked some of the protesters, who were holding signs about a local labor dispute, what they were upset about. Many had no idea. “All we do is stand out here and hold the signs,” said one.Some bold organizers have been known to “borrow” people’s names. In one case a few years ago, members of Congress were swamped with telegrams about a telecom bill. But some constituents were confused when they got phone calls from their concerned Congressmen – because they’d never written in to begin with. It turned out that thousands of the telegrams were faked by a telecom-industry PR firm. And guess what? No aspect of this campaign appears to have violated Postal Service regulations. That means your name could be used next in support of a corporate cause you’ve never heard of.All of this amounts to a corruption of our democratic system: You can’t trust someone who’s calling you about a political issue, and if you write to your Congressman, he might not trust that you haven’t been manipulated.Maybe the solution starts with unmasking all those protest rallies that are just outrage-for-hire purchased down at the local shelter.63. From the first paragraph it can be learned that ________.A. those protesting in the cold rain are respectableB. most Congressmen were elected by fake votesC. in some cases protesters are hiredD. people staging protests are passionate64. Which of the following statements is true?A. The homeless tend to organize protests and rallies.B. Political rallies are sometimes manipulated by power and money.C. The homeless are to blame for deceiving the public and media.D. Political rallies attended by the homeless are on the decline.65. The passage implies that sometimes ________.A. people were deceived into believing that this was a real and legal rallyB. the hired protesters knew clearly what they were pushing forC. such protests have never attracted any attentionD. organizers paid generously for these protesters66. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 “pay for rage works” means that________.A. organizers of such rallies have to pay the participantsB. expressing anger can lead to good solutionsC. the homeless have to be paid moreD. hiring people to show your outrage is effective67. To shape the Congressmen’s opinion, a telecom-industry PR firm ________.A. asked the constituents to send telegrams to the CongressmenB. wrote to local residents for supportC. tried to violate Postal Service regulationsD. sent telegrams to the Congressmen in the names of local constituents68. Protest rallies of this kind might result in ________.A. business deceptionsB. disappearance of political trustC. the increase of the homelessD. the collapse of a political partyPassage FourIt had been a long, brutal day on the sales floor for young Brent. He’d had his share of “ups”—what retail salespeople say when it’s their turn with the next customer—and more than his share of downs. And now he was in danger of being shut out for the day.He hadn’t been shut out in a long time. Even in his early days with the company, he could always sell something to someone. He was a natural.But not on this day. This, of course, exposed him to some good-natured ridicule from his associates, who took not-so-secret delight in seeing the sales genius get his stroke of misfortune.Brent had more at stake here than just professional pride and reputation, however. Brent was a new father. He and his wife, Kay, had decided that she would be a full-time mom, which meant he would financially support the family. When he did well on the sales floor, finances weren’t a problem. But when he struggled to make sales, the whole family struggled.Toward the end of the day, a man came in to buy a suit. This was potentially a good sale, the kind that can turn a bad day into a good one—just like that. Brent worked hard to make the sale. But the man hesitated. Brent knew all too well the look he saw in his eyes—the look of a customer about to walk out the door empty-handed. When it became clear that the man was going to leave to do a little comparison shopping, Brent handed him his business card and invited him to return after he’d had a chance to look around.The man looked at Brent’s card, then took a long look at Brent.“So you’re Brent’s boy,” the man said, referring to the card that identified him as Brent Jr.“Do you know my dad?” Brent asked.“Sure do,” the man said. They chatted for a moment, establishing the link between father and son. Then the man said, “Your dad’s a good man. If you’re anything like him . . . well, tell me again about that suit.”Brent called his father that night, but not to recount the story. “I just wanted to thank you,” he said, “for giving me a name I can be proud of.”69. We can learn from Paragraph 2 that as a salesman Brent was ________.A. creativeB. hard-workingC.D.warm-heartedexperienced70. The underlined words “stroke of misfortune” in Paragraph 3 are closest inmeaning to ________.A. change of fateB. bad luckC. a rare opportunityD. an unexpected reward71. It is known from the passage that ________.A. Brent’s family had to struggle to make ends meetB. Brent’s family had to experience a temporary hard timeC. the family’s future depended on Brent and his wife keeping their jobsD. the family’s well-being was closely related to Brent’s sales performance72. As soon as the man entered the store to buy a suit, ________.A. Brent felt that his chance finally cameB. Brent decided to chat with him for a whileC. Brent gave him his greeting and business cardD. Brent was sure that he couldn’t make the sale73. Brent made a call to his father because he________.A. had had a good day on the sales floorB. had met an old friend of his father’s earlier in the dayC. was proud of his father’s achievementD. was grateful for having a respectable name74. We can learn from the story that ________.A. we should cherish what we haveB. the key to success is to never give upC. it is important to have a good reputationD. our family is the most valuable treasurePassage FiveIf the universality of immersion-style language programs, emergency test prep classes, tired college kids is any indication, cramming (临时抱佛脚) is a wildly popular study strategy. Professors frown upon it yet conspire by squeezing vast topics like “Evolution” or “World history 1914 to present” into the last week of a course. So is cramming effective or not? A new study by UC–San Diego psychologists confirms what you may suspect deep down: The answer is no. Hurried memorization is a hopeless approach for retaining information. But it’s not all bad news. The team offers a precise formula for better study habits, and it doesn’t necessarily need dogged discipline and routine.To arrive at their prescription, the scientists tested the “spacing effect” on long-term memory. In other words, they wanted to know how the time gap between study sessions influences the ability to remember material on test day. They asked 1,354 volunteers to memorize 32 trivial facts, such as “Who invented snow golf?” (Rudyard Kipling) and “What European nation consumes the most spicy Mexican food?” (Norway). Participants reviewed the answers anywhere from several minutes to several months after first learning them, and then were tested up to a year later.The findings? Students perform better when they space their study sessions rather than when they try to cram everything into their heads during one sitting. But for those who must cram, timing is everything. According to the researchers, if you have only one date on which to study, choose a day that’s closer to when you first learned the material than when you take the test—but not too close. For instance, if you have a French lesson on Monday and a quiz the following Monday, you should study on Wednesday for maximum retention. Tuesday is too early and Sunday is too late. If you want to remember something for a year, wait。

郑州大学远程教育法学——上半年侵权行为法期末考试试卷及答案

郑州大学现代远程教育《侵权行为法》课程考核要求说明：本课程考核形式为提交作业，完成后请保存为WORD格式的文档，登陆学习平台提交，并检查和确认提交成功。

一．作业要求1. 认真学习课程，广泛查阅文献资料，高质量完成课程作业。

2. 必须由自己独立完成，不得抄袭或请人代写，雷同作业按照零分处理。

二．作业内容一．名词解释（每题3分，共15分）1．侵权行为：行为人由于过错，或者在法律特别规定的场合不问过错，违反法律规定的义务，以作为或不作为的方式，侵害他人人身/财产权益，依法应当承担损害赔偿等法律后果的违反行为。

2．恶意诉讼：是指对民事诉讼程序中的恶意提起，意图使被告在诉讼中由于司法机关的判决而受害。

具备以下要件：第一加害人必须是故意所为；第二加害人须是无事实根据和正当理由；第三受害人在这一诉讼程序中受到损害，主要是财产利益上的损害；第四该诉讼程序的最终结果是被告胜诉，而不是原告胜诉。

3．第三人过错：是指除受害人和加害人之外的第三人，对受害人损害的发生或扩大所具有的主观过错。

第三人过错的主要特征是主体上的特殊性，其过错形式则与其他类型的过错没有区别，包括故意和过时。

4．共同侵权行为：是指二人以上共同故意或者共同过失致人损害，或者虽无共同故意、共同过失，但其侵害行为直接结合发生同一损害后果。

共同侵权行为的类型为：共同故意的侵权行为，共同过失的侵权行为，和共同行为的侵权行为。

共同侵权行为具有以下法律特征：第一，共同侵权行为的主体须为多人。

第二，共同侵权行为的行为人之间具有共同过错或者虽无共同过错，但侵权行为直接结合，具有共同关联性。

5．因果关系：是指违法行为作为原因，损害事实作为结果，在它们之间存在的前者引起后者，后者被前者所引起的客观联系。

二．简答（每题7分，共35分）1．简述侵权责任的抗辩事由。

抗辩事由是指被告针对原告的诉讼请求而提出的证明原告的诉讼请求不成立或不完全成立的事实。

要使抗辩事由有效成立，必须具备两个构成条件：一是对抗性要件，二是客观性要件。

化工热力学期末试卷(B卷)及答案期末考题 (郑州大学2002级)

20XX 级化工热力学课程试题（B 卷）合分人：复查人：一、选择题（每小题1分，共20分）1．汽液平衡计算方程式y i P=γi x i P i S 适用于（）A ．完全理想体系B ．化学体系C ．非理想体系D ．完全非理想体系2．气体真空节流膨胀产生冷效应时的微分节流系数是（） A ．μj =0 B ．μj >0 C ．μj <0 D ．不确定 3．已知溶液的x i 与γi ，则溶液超额自由焓G E 的计算式为：（）A ．G E =RT ()∑i ix ln γB ．G E =RT ()∑i i x γlnC ．G E =RT()∑iix x ln D ．G E=RT ()∑ii x γln4．下列关系式哪个适用于理想溶液（）A ．ΔV=H E=ΔG E=Δi H -=0 B ．Δi V -=Δ---∆=∆=i i i S G U =0C ．i V -=---==i i i S G U =0 D ．ΔS =ΔG ∆=S E=G=05．在众多状态方程式中，能从理论上加以证明的是（） A ．R ——K 方程 B ．维里方程 C ．范德华方程 D ．马丁-候方程 6．常压下某液体沸腾时，保持不变的热力学性质是（）A ．摩尔体积B ．摩尔熵C ．摩尔自由焓D ．摩尔内能 7.混合物的逸度f 与组分逸度i f ∧之间的关系是（）A ．f=i if x^∑ B ．f=i f ^∑C ．f=i ifx ^ln ∑D ．lnf=i iix fx /ln ^∑8．由于温差引起两个物系之间进行热交换，那么包括这两个物系的绝热体系的熵变为（）A ．正值B ．负值C ．零D ．不定值9．维里方程PV=a （1+B `P+C `P 2+……）中a 等于（）A ．RT+B B ．RTC ．R 2TD ．RT 2 10．已知Wilson 方程中⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡+-+++-=121221212112221211)ln(ln x x x x x x x λλλλλγ，那么，ln γ1∞= （）A ．1-ln 2112λλ-B ．1-ln 1221λλ-C ．1D ．ln 1221λλ- 11．在同一温度下，单组分体系T —S 图上各等压线随熵值的增大，压力将（）A ．增大B ．减小C ．不变D ．不一定12．理想功实现的条件为（）A ．完全不可逆B ．完全可逆C ．部分可逆D ．部分不可逆 13．对理想的气体混合物，下列关系式正确的是（）A ．i i φφ=∧B ．1=∧i φ C ．φ=1 D ．P i =φ 14．可逆绝热膨胀过程的特征是（）A ．等焓B ．等熵C ．等温D ．等压15．绝热可逆膨胀过程线在T —S 图上是（）A ．是平行于横坐标的直线B ．是平行于纵坐标的直线C ．是沿等焓线变化的D ．是沿等干度线变化的16．三参数普遍化方法中的普压法的应用条件是（）A ．V r >2B ．V r <2C ．V r =2D ．T r >417．偏摩尔性质是（）A ．强度性质B ．容量性质C ．超额性质D ．剩余性质18．判断恒温恒压条件下化学反应达到平衡时的公式是（） A ．0=∑iix μB ．0=∑i i μνC ．d ε=0D ．0ln =∑i i x γ19．某体系进行不可逆循环时的熵变为（）A ．ΔS 体系﹥0，ΔS 环境 =0B ．ΔS 体系=0，ΔS 环境﹥0C ．ΔS 体系=0，ΔS 环境 =0D ．ΔS 体系﹥0，ΔS 环境﹥020．若物系被要求冷却到-15℃，则氨制冷循环中，氨蒸汽温度应该选以下哪一种温度为宜（）A ．-15℃B ．-10℃C ．-20℃D ．-45℃二、填空题：（每空 1 分，共 10 分）1．第二维里系数B 是物性及的函数。

郑州大学数据库原理-期末考试试题

郑州⼤学数据库原理-期末考试试题第⼀章⼀、单项选择题1、⽂件系统与数据库系统相⽐较，其缺陷主要表现在数据联系弱、数据冗余和（ C ）A、数据存储量低B、处理速度慢C、数据不⼀致D、操作繁琐2、数据的存储结构与数据逻辑结构之间的独⽴性成为数据的（B）A、结构独⽴性B、物理独⽴性C、逻辑独⽴性D、分布独⽴性3、在数据库系统中，对数据操作的最⼩单位是（ B ）A、字节B、数据项C、记录D、字符4、数据的逻辑结构与⽤户视图之间的独⽴性称为数据的（C）A、结构独⽴性B、物理独⽴性C、逻辑独⽴性D、分布独⽴性5、下述各项中，属于数据库系统的特点的是（C）A、存储量⼤B、存取速度快C、数据共享D、操作⽅便6、在数据库系统中，模式/内模式映像⽤于解决数据的（B）A、结构独⽴性B、物理独⽴性C、逻辑独⽴性D、分布独⽴性7、在数据库系统中，模式/外模式映像⽤于解决数据的（C）A、结构独⽴性B、物理独⽴性C、逻辑独⽴性D、分布独⽴性8、数据库结构的描述，称为（D ）A、数据库模式B、数据库C、数据库管理系统D、数据字典9、数据库中全体数据的整体逻辑结构描述成为（ D ）A、存储模式B、内模式C、外模式D、概念模式10、保证数据库中数据及语义的正确性和有效性，是数据库的（C）A、安全性B、准确性C、完整性D、共享性11、在数据库系统中，数据独⽴性是指（C）A、⽤户与计算机系统的独⽴性B、数据库与计算机的独⽴性C、数据与应⽤程序的独⽴性D、⽤户与数据库的独⽴性12、结构数据模型的三个组成部分是数据结构、数据操作和（C）A、数据安全型控制B、数据⼀致性规则C、数据完整性约束D、数据处理逻辑13、数据操纵语⾔（）的基本功能中，不包括的是( B )A、插⼊新数据 B描述数据库结构C、数据库中数据排序D、删除数据库中数据14、控制数据库整体结构、负责数据库物理结构和逻辑结构的定义与修改⼈员是（ D ）A系统分析员 B、应⽤程序员C、专业⽤户D、数据库管理员15、下列关于数据库系统正确的叙述是（C）A、数据库系统⽐⽂件系统存储数据量⼤B、数据库系统中的数据存储没有冗余C、数据库系统中的数据存储冗余较⼩D、数据库系统⽐⽂件系统存取速度快16、在数据库中，发⽣数据不⼀致现象的根本原因是（D）A、数据存储量太⼤B、数据安全性差C、数据相互关系复杂D、数据冗余17、层次型、⽹状型和关系型数据模型的划分根据是（A）A、数据之间联系⽅式B、数据之间联系的复杂程度C、数据存储量的多少D、数据处理的复杂程度18、在数据库三级模式中，描述⽤户数据视图的是数据库的（C）A、存储模式B、逻辑模式C、外模式D、内模式19、数据库三级模式体系结构主要的⽬标是确保数据库的（B）A、数据安全性B、数据独⽴性C、最⼩冗余D、数据结构规范化20、当前数据库应⽤系统的主流数据模型是（C）A、层次数据模型B、⽹状数据模型C、关系数据模型D、⾯向对象数据模型⼆、填空题1、⽂件管理系统，每个⽂件都有完整的体系结构2、在数据库系统中，最核⼼的软件是数据库管理系统。

河南郑州大学远程教育管理学期末测试 (1)

郑州大学现代远程教育《管理学》一、名词解释：（每题 5分，共 30 分）1.组织文化:组织文化由三个层次内容组成。

第一层次是文化的外显部分。

以企业为例,指企业组织中的厂房、设施、机器、装备、产品、服务、厂容厂貌等外显的、物质形态的东西。

较深一层的第二层次, 称为制度文化,指组织的规章制度、公约、纪律等制度形态的东西。

最深层次为核心层,称为精神文化。

指组织的价值观念、信念、理想等精神形态的东西。

这三个层次总合起来,便是组织文化。

2.蛋糕做大原理:企业本质上是资产主体，管理主体和劳动主体满足自己利益要求的共同体。

因此，形象地说，企业就象是一块蛋糕，资产所有者，管理者和劳动者都是按不同比例分吃蛋糕的主体，而企业的生产经营实质上就是做出蛋糕的过程。

在这一过程中，有两个关键：第一是要确定一个合适的、能使三方接受或认可的比例——这是做好蛋糕和做大蛋糕的基础;第二是要把主要精力放在如何做大蛋糕的基础之上。

这就是企业管理的基本原理。

3.计划:对组织在未来一段时间内的目标和实现目标的途径的策划与安排。

4.负强化:又叫消极强化，是把行为出现时把不愉快的刺激撤消或者减少，这样也可以增加行为的频率。

比如，小白鼠拉动线绳可以避免电击，它就会学会不断地拉线。

我们在疲劳时，停止工作，休息几分钟，就会恢复精神，所以人们就学会了恢复疲劳的办法。

5.超事业部制:超事业部制又叫做“执行部制”。

是在事业部制组织结构的基础上，在组织最高管理层和各个事业部之间增加了一级管理机构，负责管辖和协调所属各个事业部的活动，使领导方式在分权的基础上又适当的集中。

6.目标管理:目标管理是使管理者的工作由被动变为主动的一个很好的管理手段，实施目标管理不仅是为了利于员工更加明确高效地工作，更是为了管理者将来对员工实施绩效考核提供了考核目标和考核标准，使考核更加科学化、规范化，更能保证考核的公正、公开与公平。

二、简答题：（每题10分，共 50分）1.管理的二重性及其现实意义。

郑大远程教育专科英语期末考试试卷及答案

【ZZJ网上考试系统 v10.1】本套软件使用权属于：郑州大学远程教育学院（学期：122）考试课程:0918.专科英语II(第2次考试)考试时间:120分钟考场:123.15.57.116考试日期:2013-03-26考号：12054173005姓名：丁一凡剩余时间：81:04 保存交卷帮助have 3 parts.择题（45道小题，共55分）ew（1分）、观察B、复习、提议D、反应nization（1分）、组织B、选择、场合D、起源ract （1分）、合同B、联系、图解D、内容razy about （1分）、完成B、迷恋、面临D、留心unt for （1分）、计数B、建立账户、解释D、依赖（1分）、propose B、ponder、postpone D、praise（1分）、intelligence B、risk、affection D、personality义的（1分）、scientific B、specific、significant D、sarcastic（1分）、contribute to B、prefer to、comply with D、apologize for止（1分）、hold onto B、take hold、hold in D、hold backdidnˊt know French, ______ made it difficult for him to study at a university in France.（1分）、that B、it、this D、whichhout the computer, we ______ the tremendous medical advancements in the last few decades.（1分）、would not make B、will not have made、could not make D、could not have made it ______ yesterday afternoon, I would have gone fishing.（1分）、had not been raining B、were not raining、would not be raining D、should not be raining n ______ this machine, you must read the instructions first.（1分）、use B、using、to use D、having usedhistory, those who launched aggressive wars all came to a bad ______＿.（1分）、conclusion B、end、finish D、doomy ______ a general understanding of the present situation.（1分）、lack of B、are lacking of、lack D、are in lacken propaganda ______ people into thinking that a product is something that it is not.（1分）、used to trick B、is used to trick、is used to tricking D、used to trickingnew hat is ______ to the one you have.（1分）、familiar B、same、equal D、similaris common sense ______ a left-handed manˊs right brain is more developed.（1分）、which B、that、why D、how___ are thought to be lucky.（1分）、To eat the dumpling with a coin B、Who eat the dumpling with a coin、That who eats the dumpling with a coin D、Those who eat the dumpling with a coin have learned ______ the rocks on the moon are 3,500 million years old.（1分）、how B、which、what D、thatˊs very ______ to see children who dress just like their parents.（1分）、general B、broad、common D、usualer said that he wouldnˊt mind ______ the window.（1分）、my opening B、I open、me to open D、for me to openorder to buy a house she had to obtain a ______ from the bank.（1分）、finance B、capital、loan D、debtexchange rate of dollars to yuan was rising ______. （1分）、unsteady B、stable、unstable D、steadily___ she first heard of the man referred to as a specialist（1分）、That was from Stephen B、It was Stephen whom、It was from Stephen that D、It was Stephen thatancient times, people creaｔed many different ways to ______ time.（1分）、control B、cherish、measure D、masterprefers driving ______ cycling.（1分）、than B、that、for D、toyou have mosquito problems, remember that they reproduce in water. Be sure to ______ these spots in and around your home. （1分）、release B、occupy、eliminate D、decreaseJohnson preferred ______ heavier work to do.（1分）、to be giving B、to be given、to have given D、having givenwas very busy yesterday; otherwise he ______ to the meeting.（1分）、had come B、would come、could come D、would have comem wondering ______ for Chinese people these days.（1分）、what the dragon means B、what does the dragon mean、how the dragon means D、how does the dragon mean ______ us years to find out that Father loved us very much because he never expressed it.（1分）、spent B、experienced、took D、valuedave great interest in a detailed ______ of your journey.（1分）、explanation B、message、description D、illustrationvillagers all ______＿ something to the new church buildings.（1分）、gave B、left、contributed D、affordedcareful, because that knife is very ______.（1分）、sharp B、fast、hard D、quickwell as being very ______ about the horsesˊ condition, the old horseman was equally concerned about their appearance when picking hor、particular B、worried、feared D、delightfulcriminal ______ from prison after serving his sentence.（1分）、released B、was released、will release D、is to releaseording to the weather report, which is usually ______ it will rain heavily tomorrow.（1分）、accurate B、exact、positive D、perfectgyuan,______ rice balls, are a special treat during the Chinese Lantern Festival.（1分）、bitter B、sour、sticky D、spicy时才发现钱包丢了。

郑州大学高数期末考试试卷及答案解析 (2)

z y dy
=
ydx − xdy x2 + y2
13. 解：齐次方程 y′′ − 3y′ + 2 y = 0 对应的特征方程为： λ 2 − 3λ + 2 = 0 , 则
λ1,2 = 1, 2 .
因此齐次方程对应的通解为： y(x) = C1ex + C2e2x , 其中C1, C2为任意常数。
令非齐次方程的特解为： y*(x) = A⋅ e−2x
代入原式得： A = 1 ,故 y*(x) = 1 ⋅ e−2x
12
12
因此非齐次方程的通解为： Y
(x)
=
C1ex
+
C2 e2 x
+
1 12
e−2 x
《高等数学 A（二) 、B（二）》（A 卷）参考答案第 1 页，共 5 页
14. 解：
− y2
n=1
于是对于任意的 n 有 1 < 1 < 1， 1+ an 1+ a
∑ ∑ ∞
而等比级数 (
1
∞
)n 收敛。由比较判别法知级数 (
1
)n 收敛。
n=0 1+ a
n=0 1+ an
《高等数学 A（二) 、B（二）》（A 卷）参考答案第 4 页，共 5 页
d = 12 − 2x − 3y 13
令 L = (12 − 2x − 3y)2 + λ(x2 + 4 y2 − 4) ，
于是由：
⎧ ⎪
Lx
=
−4(12 −
2x
− 3y)
+
2λ x
=
0

郑州大学网页制作期末考试试题

1.在CSS中，可以用3种以上的方式来表示颜色。

（√）2.CSS中的color属性用于设置HTML元素的背景颜色。

（×）3.”指针”和“部分选定”工具都是用来选择和移动对象的，因此他们的属性的面版也表现得一样。

（√)4.使用选取框工具时，减选其它区域：选取范围后再按住shift键.（×）5.选取工具的边缘选项：羽化，该选项的取值为0-100之间,数值越小,柔化程度也越大。

（×）6.橡皮擦工具可擦除所选位图对象或像素选区中的像素。

（√）7.矢量和位图对象都可以成为蒙版对象或被蒙版对象. （√）8.使用FTP（文件传输协议）方式将网页上传至网站,首先应获得登陆FPT服务器的用户名和密码。

(√）9.框架集可以看作是一个可以容纳和组织多个文档的容器，而每个框架则是相互依赖的HTML文档。

（×）10.Gif图像为8位颜色模式，共能显示256种颜色。

（√）11.在Fireworks MX中"指针“工具，“部分选定”工具和"选择后方对象“工具都是用来选择和移动对象的,因此他们的属性的面版也表现得一样.。

(√）二。

填空1.以下选项中不能用来表示CSS 颜色的是：CA. redB。

#FF0000C。

rgb（f, 0，0)D。

rgb（100％，0,0)2。

以下有关样式表项的定义中，正确的是：CA。

H1｛font—family:楷体_gb2312，text-aligh:center}B. H1｛font—family=楷体_gb2312，text-aligh=center｝C。

H1{font—family:楷体_gb2312；text-aligh:center｝D. H1{font—family=楷体_gb2312；text-aligh=center｝3.以下有关样式表项的定义中，正确的是:DA. P{font—size=24px, text—aligh=center}B。

郑州大学2004至2005第一学期化工原理期末考试试题及答案

郑州大学2004至2005第一学期化工原理期末考试试题及答案A卷一、选择题：（每题 2 分，共 24分）1．利用因次分析法的目的在于 A 。

A 减少实验工作量B 增加实验结果的可靠性C 建立数学表达式D 避免出现因次错误2．牛顿流体在管内作层流流动，流体层之间的剪应力在 B 。

A 管中心最大B 管壁处最大C 管中处处相等D 管壁处最小3．流体通过离心泵所获得的能量主要表现为 B 。

A 动能增加B 静压能增加C 位能增加D 流量增大4．用离心泵把地下贮槽中的液体送入高位槽，完好的离心泵却无法泵送液体，可能导致故障的原因是 C 。

A 贮槽内液面上升B 液体温度下降C 吸入管堵塞D 容器内压强升高5．回转真空过滤机的转速越快，单位时间所获得的滤液量就越_____，形成的滤饼层厚度就越_____，过滤阻力越______。

CA 少，薄，小B 少，厚，大C 多，薄，小D 多，薄，大6．离心沉降速度是 B 。

A 颗粒运动的绝对速度B 径向速度C 切向速度D 气流速度7、气力输送过程中，垂直管中稀相输送时气速的下限为 B 。

A 颗粒的沉降速度B 噎噻速度C 起始流化速度D 表观气速8．穿过三层平壁的稳定导热过程，已知各层温差为Δt1＝40℃，Δt2＝35℃，Δt3＝5℃，则第一层的热阻R1与第二、三层热阻R2、R3的关系为 B 。

A R1＞（R2＋R3）B R1＝（R2＋R3）C R1＜（R2＋R3）D 无法比较；9．在无相变的对流传热过程中，热阻主要集中在______，减少热阻的有效措施是______。

CA 层流底层，使流体处于层流状态B 流体湍动区域，使层流底层减薄C 层流底层，提高流体湍动程度D 流体过渡区域，提高流体湍动程度10．在蒸汽冷凝传热中，不凝性气体的存在对对流传热系数α的影响是___A___。

A 不凝性气体的存在会使α值大大降低B 不凝性气体的存在会使α值升高C 不凝性气体的存在与否，对数据无影响D 不一定11．把一壳程用饱和水蒸气加热管内水的列管式换热器由单管程改为双管程，会引起 B 。

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生药生药是指天然来源的、未经加工或只经简单加工的植物、动物和矿物类药材。

草药指民间医生用以治病或地区性口碑相传的民间药物
简述红花在来源、性状、水试现象
试述牛黄的来源、商品类别，其经验鉴别法有哪些？
由于其来源不同，常分为天然牛黄(如胆黄、管黄)、培植牛黄和人工牛黄等不同商品。

常用于热病神昏、中风痰迷、惊痫抽搐、癫痫发狂、咽喉肿痛、口舌生疮、痛肿疔疮等病
⑴，染甲法：粉末用清水调后，涂于指甲上，可将指甲染成黄色并经久不退；⑵针刺法：烧红的针刺入药材中，分裂，裂片呈层状，质细密酥脆，内有白点，气清香；⑶水检法：粉末入清水中，吸水变湿而不变形。

若煮沸后静置，全部溶化，水呈黄棕色，无沉淀和杂质。

生药的分类法有哪些？各有什么优缺点？
主要有四种。

1、按自然分类系统分类根据生药原植（动）物在分类学上的亲缘关系，按门、纲、目、科，属、种分类排列。

2、按天然属性及药用部分分类先分为植物药、动物药和矿物药，植
物药再按药用部位进行分类。

3、按化学成分分类根据生药中所含的有效成分或主要成分的类别来分类
4、按功效或药理作用分类根据生药的功效或药理作用来分类。

简述生药杂质的来源与分类
药物中的杂质按来源可分为"一般杂质"和"特殊杂质"。

一般杂质是指在自然界中分布广泛，在多数药物的生产和储藏过程中容易引入的一般性杂质，如氯化物、硫酸盐、重金属等；特殊杂质是指特定的药物根据其生产工艺和特有的理化性质，在生产和储藏过程中引入的特殊性杂质，如乙酰水杨酸在生产和储存过程中引入的水杨酸等。

按药物中所含杂质的结构又可分为有机杂质和无机杂质。

按性质也可分为信号杂质和有害杂质。

信号杂质（如氯化物）对人体一般无害，但可反映药物的生产工艺和质量管理的问题。

正品
凡是国家药品标准所收载的品种即为正品。

合把
羚羊角环脊之间的距离约2cm，手握之，四指正好嵌入凹处，习称"合把"
炒
铜皮铁骨
指三七药材表面光亮灰黄似铜色，断面棕黑似铁色，形同铜皮包铁骨，而习称铜皮铁骨。

星点
指大黄根茎髓部的异常维管束。

过桥杆
又称过江枝。

指黄连根茎的节间呈细长光滑圆柱状;两端节部略膨大，其细长部分称过桥或过桥杆，桥杆又称跳秆。

描述生药党参的性状鉴别要点
B．根头部有多数疣状突起的茎痕及芽习称“狮子盘头”
C．支根脱落处又黑褐色的胶状物
D．味甜
条痕色
条痕色:矿物在白色瓷板上划过后所留下的粉末称的颜色为条痕色
跑味。