科研方法与论文写作--英美文学(英文版)
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科研方法与论文写作--英美文学（英文 版）
Why do we study literature?
❖ Literature represents a language or a people: culture and tradition. But, literature is more important than just a historical or cultural artifact. Literature introduces us to new worlds of experience.
❖ In academic circles, this decoding of the text is often carried out through the use of literary theory, using a mythological, psychological, cultural, historical, or other approach.
How do we interpret and evaluate literature?
❖ we may discover meaning in literature by looking at what the author says and how he/she says it. We may interpret the author's message.
☆ Setting (time) - Early decades of the 19th century. ☆ Setting (place) - The novel is structured around five
separate locations, all supposedly in northern England: 1. The Reed family's home at Gateshead, 2. The wretched Lowood School, 3. Rochester's manor house Thornfield, 4. The Rivers family's home at Moor House, 5. Rochester's rural retreat at Ferndean.
ຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidu
What is novel ?
❖ Novel is a fictional piece of prose usually written in a narrative style. Novels tell stories, which are typically defined as a series of events described in a sequence.
II. Plot
❖ Simply speaking, plot is the arrangement of the events or actions in a story into a causal relationship.
❖ “The king died and then the queen died.” ❖ In Aspects of the Novel, E.M Foster defined a
story as a narrative of events arranged in their time sequence. (A plot is also a narrative of events, the emphasis falling on causality. )
III.
Character & Characterization
❖ Character refers to one of the persons in the story– the end result of the author’s effort to create a fictional personality.
❖ We learn about books and literature; we enjoy the comedies and the tragedies of poems, stories, and plays; and we may even grow and evolve through our literary journey with books.
❖ Effects of Setting- Creates atmosphere, gives insight
to characters, and provides connections to other aspects of the story.
Example of Setting
Jane Eyre
❖ Formula: ❖ Patterns:
The Precritical Response
❖ Ⅰ. Setting ❖ Ⅱ. Plot ❖ Ⅲ. Character ❖ Ⅳ. Theme ❖ Ⅴ. Symbolism ❖ VI. Point of View
I. Setting
❖ Definition: Setting is the time and place in which the events of a narrative occur. The major elements of setting are the time, the place, and the social environment that frames the characters.
❖ The setting may be specific and detailed, and introduced at the very beginning of the novel, or it may be merely suggested through the use of details scattered throughout the novel.
Why do we study literature?
❖ Literature represents a language or a people: culture and tradition. But, literature is more important than just a historical or cultural artifact. Literature introduces us to new worlds of experience.
❖ In academic circles, this decoding of the text is often carried out through the use of literary theory, using a mythological, psychological, cultural, historical, or other approach.
How do we interpret and evaluate literature?
❖ we may discover meaning in literature by looking at what the author says and how he/she says it. We may interpret the author's message.
☆ Setting (time) - Early decades of the 19th century. ☆ Setting (place) - The novel is structured around five
separate locations, all supposedly in northern England: 1. The Reed family's home at Gateshead, 2. The wretched Lowood School, 3. Rochester's manor house Thornfield, 4. The Rivers family's home at Moor House, 5. Rochester's rural retreat at Ferndean.
ຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidu
What is novel ?
❖ Novel is a fictional piece of prose usually written in a narrative style. Novels tell stories, which are typically defined as a series of events described in a sequence.
II. Plot
❖ Simply speaking, plot is the arrangement of the events or actions in a story into a causal relationship.
❖ “The king died and then the queen died.” ❖ In Aspects of the Novel, E.M Foster defined a
story as a narrative of events arranged in their time sequence. (A plot is also a narrative of events, the emphasis falling on causality. )
III.
Character & Characterization
❖ Character refers to one of the persons in the story– the end result of the author’s effort to create a fictional personality.
❖ We learn about books and literature; we enjoy the comedies and the tragedies of poems, stories, and plays; and we may even grow and evolve through our literary journey with books.
❖ Effects of Setting- Creates atmosphere, gives insight
to characters, and provides connections to other aspects of the story.
Example of Setting
Jane Eyre
❖ Formula: ❖ Patterns:
The Precritical Response
❖ Ⅰ. Setting ❖ Ⅱ. Plot ❖ Ⅲ. Character ❖ Ⅳ. Theme ❖ Ⅴ. Symbolism ❖ VI. Point of View
I. Setting
❖ Definition: Setting is the time and place in which the events of a narrative occur. The major elements of setting are the time, the place, and the social environment that frames the characters.
❖ The setting may be specific and detailed, and introduced at the very beginning of the novel, or it may be merely suggested through the use of details scattered throughout the novel.