新版2018级上海理工大学博士研究生入学考试试题(样卷).doc

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博士研究生英语考试题型及试卷

博士研究生英语考试题型及试卷2018博士研究生英语考试题型及试卷博士研究生入学考试英语初试内容一般包括听力、词汇、语法、完形填空、阅读理解、语言运用(配伍题)、翻译(英译汉/汉译英/英汉互译)、写作等几个部分，各部分出题方式及题量分值由各招生院校自行确定，以下yjbys店铺列举部分院校试题结构供各位考生参考。

首都师范大学2008年博士研究生入学考试英语试卷Section I Vocabulary Test(20%)Directions：In this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences.Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Mark the corresponding letter on ANSWER SHEET l with a single line through the centre.1. After the snow storm, the government plans to ______the run-down houses in the rural area as soon as possible.A. reviveB. replaceC. renovateD. remove2. The doctor assured her that the pain would _________in a few days.A. die offB. wear offC. get offD. go off3. The speeding woman’s _______________for some mercy could not change the policeman’s decision to giv e her a fine.A. pleaB. flatteryC. distressD. demonstration4. Owing to lack of money, these experiments must now be _______before the objective has been achieved.A. transferredB. transformedC. terminatedD. testified5. Quite unexpectedly, the young man __________ with success, the problem which had baffled his forerunner.A. tickledB. trickedC. trickledD. tackled6. The Space Age _____ in October l957when the first artificial satellite—was launched by the Soviet Union.A. embarkedB. initialedC. commencedD. originated7. Indoor or roof space antennae do not ___________give satisfactory performance even in strong signal areas.A. faithfulB. invariablyC. voluntarilyD. habitually8. These old houses are in good state of ________ except for the wooden floors.A. preservationB. observationC. compensationD.conservation9. She works bard at her task before she felt sure that the result would ______her long effort.A. verifyB. rectifyC. testifyD. justify10. The country is now undergoing an economic _________in which business activity is greatly reduced and the unemployment rate is high.A. sanctionB. accessionC. flourishD. recession11. The river is already ____its banks because of excessive rainfall and the town is threatened with a likely flood.A. level inB. flat onC. parallel toD. flush with12. Because of his outstanding achievements, the university _____ an honorary degree upon Mr. Adams.A. conferredB. dedicatedC. awardedD. presented13. It is one of the paradox of social intercourse that a ___________is much harder to respond to than an insult.A. complimentB. condemnationC. complementD. complaint14. The shop assistant was straight with his customers. If an article was of _______quality he’d tell them so.A. minerB. inferiorC. awkwardD. humble15. A terrible traffic accident happened;people were saddened when they watched the ______sight on TV.A. periodicB. panicC. patheticD. patriotic16. Even you were not in the mood, you should have known better than to refuse a lady this way. You could have _______her instead.A. deniedB. declinedC. denotedD. denounced17. As the nation attaches excessive importance to football, the triumph or frustration of the national team is most likely to drive many of her nationals ______________.A. overexcitedB. turbulentC. overwhelmedD. hysterical18. On Labor Day the workers will march in __________though the town.A. processB. procedureC. processionD. progress19. Although we had lord them not to keep US waiting, they made no _____to speed up deliveries.A. trialB. actionC. attemptD. progress20. Mr.Moore is one of the most prosperous persons in the town, yet he does take _____at questioning the way he makes money.A. offenceB. rageC. hostilityD. revengeSection II Reading Comprehension(40%)Directions：There are 5 passages ill this section. Each passage is followed by 4 questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Please choose the best one for each question and mark the corresponding letter on ANSWER SHEET l with a single line through the centre.Passage 1An invisible border divides those arguing for computers in the classroom on the behalf of students’ career prospects and those arguing for computers in the classroom for broader reasons of radical educational reform. Very few writers Oil the subject have explored this distinction—indeed, contradiction—which goes to the heart of what is wrong with the campaign to put computers in the classroom.An education that aims at getting student a certain kind of job is a technical education, justified for reasons radically different from why education is universally required by law. It is not simply to raise everyone’s job prospects that all children are legally required to attend school into their teens. Rather, we havea certain conception of the American citizen, a character who is incomplete if he cannot competently assess now his livelihood and happiness are affected by things outside of himself. But this was not always the case. Before it was legally required for all children to attend school until a certain age. It was widely accepted that everyone is fit to be educated. Computer-education advocates forsake this optimistic notion for a pessimism that betrays their otherwise cheery outlook. Banking on the confusion between educational and vocational reasons for bringing computers into schools, computer-education advocates often emphasize the job prospects of graduates over their educational achievement.There are some good arguments for a technical education given the right kind of student. Many European schools introduce the concept of professional training early in order to make sure children are properly equipped for the professions they want to join. It is, however, pre-sumptuous to insist that there will only be so many jobs for so many scientists, so many business-men, and so many accountants. . Besides, this is unlikely to produce the needed number of every kind of professional in a country as large as ours and where the economy is spread over so many states and involves so many international corporations.But, for a small group of students, professional training might be the way to go since well-developed skills, all other factors being equal, can be the difference between having a job and not. Of course, the basics of using any computer these days are very simple. It does not take a lifelong acquaintance to pick up various software programs. If one wanted to become a computer engineer, that is, of course, all entirely different story. Basic computer skills take—at the very longest—a couple ofmonths to learn. In any case, basic computer skills are only complementary to the host of real skills that are necessary to becoming any kind of professional. It should be observed, of course, that no school, vocational or not, is helped by a confusion over its purpose.21. The author thinks the present rush to put computers in the classroom is ________________.A. far-reaching B self-contradictoryC. dubiously orientedD. radically reformatory22. The belief that education is indispensable to all children ______________________.A. originated from the optimistic attitude of industrialized countriesB. is deeply rooted in the minds of computer education advocatesC. came into being along with the arrival of computersD. is indicative of a pessimism in disguise23. It could be inferred from the passage that in the author, s country the European model of professional training is __________________________.A. dependent upon the starting age of candidatesB. worth trying in various social sectionsC. attractive to every kind of professionalD. of little practical value24. According to the author, basic computer skill should be ______________________.A. highlighted I acquisition of professional qualification5B. included as an auxiliary course in schoolC. mastered through a lifelong courseD. equally emphasized by any school, vocational or otherwisePassage 2The prevention of illness through exercise and nutrition was a small step from movements like hydreopathy (which advocated the ‘‘natural" healing powers of water), to the idea that flesh air, healthy food, and exercise could be beneficial. The physical fitness movement in America followed the influx of a large number of German immigrants who fled their country due to the 1848 revolution. The movement began there with Fredrich Ludwig Jahn who unified exercise and sport with German history and tradition and saw a connection between mental and physical health. Charle Pollen, Jahn’s student, led the movement in America, organizing the Round Hill School at Harvard, which stressed rigorous mental and physical exercise. In the mid-west the Germans established their first gymnastic institution called the Turnverein in Cincinnati in l848. Later called the Turners, these groups developed nationally and organized outings of picnics, games, gymnastics, and celebrations of German culture.Catherine Beecher promoted physical fitness for women, and felt that corsets (束腹) not only made such exercise impossible, but actually deformed wo men’s bodies, and could even be passed on to future generations and degrade the race. She was also in advocate of improving nutrition and an early opponent of gluttony (暴食), believing condiments on food stimulated the appetite towards excess. Others championed vegetarianism, or saw lack of sunshine as a cause of stomach discomfort. Regardless of their particular inclination, all of the food reformers had a common philosophy: bad eating habits led to social disorder. Like physical fitness proponents, they saw a connection between reshaping the body and reshaping American society to improve the individual and the country.The physical fitness movement declined in the years preceding the Civil War, then revived, as Americans became city dwellers and took sedentary jobs. Advocates promoted "Muscular Christianity," a movement begun in England, which stressed that the best and most moral Christians were those with sound bodies. Indian clubs became a favorite exercise tool with entire books written for club exercises. Team sports became popular after l 865, reflecting America’s growing urbanization. The most popular was baseball, and in l 869 the Cincinnati Red Stockings became the country’s first professional team. By the l 900s, Luther Gulick transformed the Young Men’s Christian Association (VMCA) into the epitome of typical "Muscular Christianity.’’ It became the largest organization of urban gymnasiums and fitness centers in America.25. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that as to the physical fitness movement in the 19th century _____________________.A. hydropathy was popularB. not all groups had a German focus、C. Germans were fitter than AmericansD. Harvard became a leader in America26. It can be inferred from the passage that the Tumverein was ________________.A. successful in the mid-westB. 1imited to GermansC. 1ater named Turners because it was too difficult to pronounceD not popular with many non=Germans because they celebrated German culture27. Why did the physical fitness movement revive after theCivil War?A. Because people returned to their usual occupationsB. Because ‘‘Muscular Christianity" became popular.C. Because of urbanization.D. Because of physical injuries caused by the war.28. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. The prevention of illness through exercise and nutrition.B. The German and Christian influences on nutrition and physical fitness.C. Development of the physical fitness movement.D. The nutrition and physical fitness movements.Passage 3An industrial society, especially one as centralized and concentrated as that of Britain, is heavily dependent on certain essential services, for instance, electricity supply, water, rail and road transport, the harbours. The area of dependency has widened to include removing rubbish, hospital and ambulance services, and, as the economy develops, central computer and information services as well. If any of these services ceases to operate, the whole economic system is in danger.It is this economic interdependency of the economic system that makes the power of trade unions such an important issue. Single trade unions have the ability to cut off many countries’ economic blood supply. This can happen more easily in Britain than in some other countries, in part because the labour force is highly organized. About 55 percent of British workers belong to unions, compared to under a quarter in the United States. For historical reasons, Britain’s unions have tended to develop along trade and occupational lines, rather than on an industry-by-industry basis, which makes a wages policy, democracy inindustry and the improvement of procedures for fixing wage levels difficult to achieve.There are considerable strains and tensions in the trade union movement, some of them arising from their outdated and inefficient structure. Some unions have lost many members because of their industrial changes. Others are involved in arguments about who should represent workers in new trades. Unions for skilled trades are separate from general unions, which means that different levels of wages for certain jobs are often a source of bad feeling between unions. In traditional trades which are being pushed out of existence by advancing technologies, unions can fight for their members’ disappointing jobs to the point where the jobs of other union members are threatened or destroyed. The printing of newspapers both in the United States and in Britain has frequently been halted by the efforts of printers to hold on to their traditional highly-paid jobs.Trade unions Nave problems of internal communication just as managers in companies do, problems which multiply in very large unions or in those which bring workers in very different industries together into a single general union Some trade union officials have to be reelected regularly; others are elected, or even appointed for life: Trade union officials have to work with a system of "shop stewards" in many unions, "shop stewards" being workers’ elected by other workers as their representatives at factory or works level.下载文档。

上海理工大学806测控电路2018考研真题

六、(10分 )图所示电路交流同相放大电路 ,简述其为何具有高输入阻抗的特性。
η
第 5 页, 共 7 页 (注明总页数)
七、(10分 )图所示为加权电阻网络 D/A转换器 ,若取 n〓8,UR=lOV, R=2R1, (1)请分析推导输出电压 UO与输入的数字量的关系式。 (2)试求 Din=00110011时的值。
nO18年上海理工大学硕士研究生入学考试试题
科目代码: BO6 科目名称: 测控电路
满分分值: 150
考生须知:
1.所有答案必须写在答题纸上,做在试题纸或草稿纸上的一律无效。 2.考试时间 180分钟。 3.本试卷不可带出考场,违反者作零分处理。
一、选择题 (zz分 )
1、测量放大电路与一般放大电路最主要的区别是 ( )。
Al调幅信号
⑶ 调相信号
T
彐
C,调频信号
ω 调宽信号
19、要实现电路正确判向,一般需要相位差 (
A)1BO度
Bl aGo度
C)90度
D)6o度
)的两路信号。
( zO、采用隔离放大器的主要目的是
)
Al消除温漂 B,消除干扰 O提高共模抑制比
Dl防止输出级对输入级影响
第 3页 , 共 7页 (注明总页效)
C)倍频 D)三者都可能
第 1 页, 共 7 页 (注明总页效)
( 8、对集成运算放大电路输出级的要求主要有
A)电压放大倍数要大 B)输出电阻要小 C)温度漂移要小 ,输入电阻要大
),输入级的要求主要有 ( )。
9、集成运算放大电路的参数共模抑制比,体现了其 ( )。 A)运算的精确 B)抑制零点漂移的能力 C)频率响应附宽度

上海理工大学848数据结构与操作系统2018考研真题

I。父子关系
Ⅱ.兄弟关系
ⅡI.u的父结点与 Ⅴ的父结点是兄弟关系
A。只有 Ⅱ B。 I不口Ⅱ
C。 I不口ⅡI
D。 I、 Ⅱ和 IⅡ
6、在具有 6个顶点的无向图 G至少应有多少条边才能确保是一个连通图 ((6))。
A.8 B。 7 C。 6 D.5
7、假设有一个有序关键字序列为 (05,13,19,21,歹 ,56,“ ,%,80,88,呢 ),
当二分查找关键字值为 “ 的结点时 ,查找成功的比较次数是 ((7))。
A。 1 B。 3 C。 4 D。 6
8、设散列表长 m=13,散列函数顽虍ey)=佬ey%11。表中己有 4个结点 :顽 15)=4,汤
(2D=5,顽 3g,〓 6`顽51,〓 7, 其余地址为空,若采用二次探查法处理冲突,则关键字
三、解答题 (每道 5分 ,共 15分 ) 1、己知二维数组 A[5][10]按 “行优先顺序”存储在内存中,假设每个元素占 3个存储单
元 ,第一个元素的存储地址即 LOCfA[0][0])10OO,计算出 LOCrAI3]FD的值。
2、用分别以 8,11,13,5,17,乃 ,21作为权值的叶结点,构造一棵哈夫曼树 ,并求
该二叉树的带权路径长度 WPL。
·
3.设散列函数F(o=庀 m耐 13,散列表地址空间为 0-12, 对给定的关键字序列 (19, 14,” ,01,68,zO,胼 ,” ,55,11,10,79), 分别以拉链法和线性探查法解决冲
突构造散列表 ,画出所构造的散列表 ,并指出在这两个散列表中查找每一个关键字时进

上海理工大学620马克思主义基本原理2016到2018三套考研真题

2“ ⒏年上海理工太学:硕士研究∷生入学考试试题
科目代砰: mo
科目名∷称: ~曼苋思圭区基銮篮理满分分值: 15o
考生∷须∷知:
l, 所有答∷案必须∴写∷在答题纸上,做在试题纸或萆稿纸上的一律无效。
2.考试时润 180分钟。
3, 本试∷卷不可带出考∷场,违反耆作零分处∵理。
〓
) -∷简∷答趣《每道 8分 ,∷ 共如分 ∷
)I∷ 、简述唯物主义基本观点和∷它的历史:形态以及唯心主义基本观点和它的∷基本形式。
lg分
。
2、简述劳动力商品的价值构成以及劳动力商晶踯硬用价值的特点。(8分 )
பைடு நூலகம்
动綮
3、 ∷如何理解∷|各种经济时代科袋产”? C8∷ 分 )
的区别,不
在于隹产什么,而
在于怎样隹产
,用
什么芳
4∷ 5∷
、△简资∷述本空的想本社质会是∷主什么义的?区历分史不发变展阶资段本和及其可变时代资本浒趵局标限性准及。(意8分义何〉在?
)
谁?”=l、、“保=材∷护扇料环门分境I析的分题是,别谁阅有?”读ˉ拉下个列开问材门题后料:,,里并“污面回染的答环镜问境子题上的。分(纂每别谁道照?”1出5分的阝饱是,共受∷参坏规⒛境者分恶白) 己化∷◇之请篝臼的笞是:
①这-设计反映了人类实践活动中的什么基本关系?《 7分 )
②如何理解 “我们不要过分陶醉于我们人类对自然界的胜利,对利-自然界都对我仃i进行报复”? (8分 )
于每
-次这样的胜
2、材料:在我亻F1这个时代.每一种事物好像鄱包含有自∷EL的 F× 两ε我{扌 l看到,机器具有减少人类劳动和使劳动更有成效的神奇力量,然旃却引赶了钒饿和过度的疲劳。财篙的新源泉,由于某种奇怪的、不可恩议的魔力雨变成贫困的源巢。技术的胜利,似乎是以遒德的败坏为∷代价换来的。随着人类愈益控制自然,个人却似乎愈益成为别人的奴

上海理工大学824水污染控制工程2018考研真题

第 2页 , 共 2页
3、试扼要讨论影响厌氧生物处理的因素。
4、什么是污泥膨胀?并简述引起污泥膨胀的原因。 5、澄清池的工作原理与沉淀池有何异同?运行上要注意什么问题? 四、计算题 (每题 18分 ,共 18分 )
普通活性污泥法系统处理废水量为 11400m3/d,BOD5为 1gOmg/l,曝气池容积为
3400m3。运行条件为:出水 ss为 ⒛mg/l(出水所含的未沉淀的 MLss称为 ss),曝气池内维持 MLss浓度为乃OOm酬 ,活性污泥废弃量为 155m3/d,其中含 MLsS 8OO0mg/l, 根据这些数据计算曝气时间、BOD5容积负荷、F/M负荷和污泥龄。
二、名词解释 (每题 7分 ,共 “ 分)
1、污泥龄
第 I页 , 共 2页
2、污泥沉降比 3、土地处理系统 4、活性污泥法 5、 1ⅡDs 6、再生水
7、高级氧化技术 (AOP)
8、总硬度
三、简答题 (每题 12分 ,共 ω 分)
1、简述混凝的机理。
2、活性污泥法为什么需要回流污泥,如何确定回流比?
A。好氧生物处理废水系统中,异养菌以有机化合物为碳源
B。好氧生物处理废水系统中,自养菌的代谢过程不存在内源呼吸
C。好氧生物处理废水系统中,异养菌的代谢过程存在内源呼吸
D。好氧生物处理废水系统中,自养菌以无机碳为碳源
7、关于生物法除氮过程的说法 ,正确的是 ( (7) )
nO18年上海理工大学硕士研究生入学考试试题
科目代码: 拟4
科目名称: 水污染控制工程
满分分值: Iso
考生须知 :

上海理工大学835食品化学2018到2011,2007,2003十套考研真题

1、水分活度
2、美拉德反应
3、同质多晶
4、酸价
5、蛋白质变性
二、填空题 (每格 1分 ,共 10分 )
1、在冰点以上 ,Aw是 (D的函数 ;在冰点以下,Aw与 (2)无关 ,仅取决于 (3)。
2、脂溶性维生素有
(4)
~_。
3、 18:2ω 6指的是
(52
4、淀粉糊化是指
A。失去持水力 B。产生烧煮或焦糖风味 C。变暗
D.蛋白质的生物利用率的变化
E.产生有毒物质
10、控制果蔬的酶促褐变 ,可以采取以下几种措施 :( (10) )
A.钝化酶活性或偏离酶作用的适宜条件 B。驱除或隔绝氧气
C,加酚酶底物类似物
D。使用抗氧化剂
四、简答题 (每道 15分 ,共阝分 )
2.什么是还原糖?为什么有典低聚糖煺还原糖,而有些不足?还原糖和非还原糖在
性质方雨有什么不同? 3.试解释巧苋力在贮藏过稷屮表雨起白擂的原㈧。
4.为什么脂肪含曼高的食品巾总霈添加抗氧化剂 ?脂肪的氧化主要煺什么机理?还
可通过什么方法来控制脂肪的氧化 ?
5.蒸熟的馊头、米饭放凉属会变硬 ,原因是什么?可采取什么方法来控制,为什么? 6.维掎蛋 F1颀帘间构象的作用力主要亻r哪些?如何理解高褓导致变性、极端 pH导
A。 Km增加 ,Vmax不变
B。 Km降低 ,Vmax不变
C。 Km不变 ,Vmax增加
D。 Km不变 ,Vmax降低
8、脂肪是 :( (8) )
D,花青素
)
A。高分子聚合物
B.难溶于水

上海理工大学810运筹学2018考研真题

(纷、求此线性规划的对偶问题的最优解;
o)、试求 cz在什么范围内,此线性规划的最优解不变; (O、若 b1〓 20变为 45,最优解及最优值是什么?
第 1页 , 共 2页
2、 (20分 )A、 B、 C、 D四名员工将被分配去完成四项不同的任务。已知每个员工都有
翼免囊营漭巽 ‰得暴累严穿螽展翟葚盂↑曼置雾累备譬崔蜃茗舅篁譬尹所需的天 F寓
⒛18年上海理工大学硕士研究生入学考试试题
科目代码: 810 科目名称: 运筹学
满分分值: 1so
考生须知:
1.所有答案必须写在答题纸上,做在试题纸或草稿纸上的一律无效。 2.考试时间 180分钟。
3,本试卷不可带出考场,违反者作 25分 )
l、若可行域有界,线性规划问题的目标函数一定可以在其可行域的 (1) 的达
到最优。
2、若矩阵对策 G存在鞍点,则称 G在纯策略意义下有解,对应的策略称为最优纯
策略,它们所组成的局势称为 (2) 。 3、任何具有超过 (3) 奇点的图不能一笔画成。 4、决策问题按状态的不同可以分为 (4) 类。
5、一条路线为关键路线的充分必要条件是某上的每道工序总时差恒 (5) 。
' P
图1
吲刭
f@,0 3
5、 (zs分 )证明 p个顶点的树 T含 pˉ 1条边。
第 2页 , 共 2页
表2
人员
A B c D
任务 1
15 19
26 19
任务 2 18 23
17 21
任务 3
⒉ 力 ⒗ ⒛
任务 4 24
18 19 17
3、
(3O分 )求图 1中的网络最大流,

上海理工大学823普通化学2018考研真题

0,ΔGΘ (11)0。 (填 >、〓或 ()
5、若反应 2No⑵ +Cb(ω 〓2NOCl色)为基元反应 ,该反应的速率方程可以表示为
(12) ,该反应的总级数为 (1s) 。如果其他条件保持不变 ,容器体积增加为原来的 2
倍,则反应速率变为原来的 (Ⅲ )。
6、某温度 T时 ,反应任El(g,+0佗 )=2C12(g,+2比 0佗)的标准平衡常数为K尸 ;
C.N%Cl-NH3· H20混合液
D。
0.1mol·
acH3CooH与
dmˉ
0,1mol· dmˉ3NaOH等体积混合液
13、根据酸碱质子理论 ,下列各组物质中都可以作为酸的为((13))
A。 HCl,s⒉ B。 NH圹 ,HsOf C.HPO4ˉ ,Co32ˉ D。 NHs,Co32ˉ
4、浓度相同的下列四种水溶液在相同温度下蒸汽压最大的为((4))
A。 CH3COOH
B。 C3HsO3
C。 MgSo4
D。 [c《NH3)6]C1
5、采用 R,s标记法标记手性化合物时,以下基团最 “大 ”的为 ((5))
A。 =NH2
B。 -COoH
C。 -CH3
D。 H
6、以下不属于高分子的聚集态结构的是((6))
A。结晶态
B。无定性态 C。微晶态
D。取向态
7、对于任意可逆反应 ,下列条件能改变标准平衡常数的是((7))
A,增加反应物浓度
B。改变反应温度
C。加入催化剂
D.增
加生成物浓度
8、己知 KΘ叩m勘 crOD=1.2× 10¨ 12,0.1mol· dm3CrO42ˉ 溶液中滴加 AgNo3,开始产生

2018年上海理工大学博士研究生入学考试试题(样卷)

2018年上海理工大学博士研究生入学考试试题（样卷）
科目代码： 1009 科目名称：政治满分分值： 100
考生须知：
1.所有答案必须写在答题纸上，做在试题纸或草稿纸上的一律无效。

2.考试时间180分钟。

3.本试卷不可带出考场，违反者作零分处理。

一、填空题型编号格式（每格*分，共*分）（每个空格编号）
1、（1）是学校发给在学研究生的身份证件，每个研究生应该妥善保管，严防遗失。

2、新生入学后经（2），准予注册取得学籍后，由（3）发给研究生证。

研究生证按学期加盖注册章后方为有效。

二、选择题型编号格式（每道*分，共*分）（每道题编号）
1、研究生公派出国申请报告应包括以下书面材料( （1）)
A.申请报告
B.国外正式机构发出的正式邀请函
C.“研究生出国人员预审表”
D.经济担保书或奖学金等资助证明
三、简答题型格式（每道*分，共*分）（每道题中间不留空行）
1、研究生出国探亲、旅游的审批手续？
2、简述研究生课程考试成绩的评定和管理办法？。

上海理工大学825交通工程概论2018到2009,2007十一套考研真题

2、 (1O分 )测试车在长 1600米的路段上 ,往返行驶数次 ,观测数据列于下表 ,
试求 (D道路上车流向东行驶的流量 (辆/h)? (2)车流向西行驶的流量 (辆/h)?
观测数据表
东向西
西向东
t(秃少) X
Y
z
t (秃少) X
Y
Z
1
215.3 88 2
0
210.5
100 5
3.本试卷不可带出考场,违反者作零分处理。
一、填空题 (每格 1分 ,共 20分 )
1.停车调查的方法主要有以下三种: (1) 2.交通规划的四阶段预测模式是指 (4)
、 (2)
、 (3)
。
、 (5) 、 (6)
和 (7)
。
3.交叉口各进口道不同方向所显示的不同灯色的组合成为-个 (8)
四、简答题 (每道 6分 ,共 30分 ) 1、交通量的分配方法主要有那几种 ?并说明各方法的优缺点?
2、单向交通的主要缺点有那些 ?
3、道路路段通行能力分为哪三种 ,试述其概念与相互关系 ? 4、简述 W钿洫v第一原理和第二原理 ? 5、感应式控制的基本原理是什么 ?适用于什么条件的交通状况 ?
五、计算题
1、 (10分 )某高速公路入口处设有一收费站 ,单向车流量为 3O0(辆 /h),车辆到达是随机的。收费员平均每 10秒钟完成一次收费并放行一辆汽车,符合负指数分布。试问
在收费站排队系统中的平均车辆数、平均排队长度、平均消耗时间以及排队中的平均等
待时间
绿灯间隔时间为 Ts,黄灯时间为 3s,启动损失 3s,试计算

博士研究生入学考试试题及答案解析

中南大学2005 博士研究生入学考试试题答案及解析Entrance English Test for PhD Programs (2005)Paper OneDirections:There are 20 sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1．Sometimes very young children have trouble ______ fact from fiction and may believe that such things actually exist.A．separating B．having separatedC．to separate D．of separating2．Anthropology is a science______ anthropologists use a rigorous set of methods and techniques to document observations that can be checked by others.A．in that B．now thatC．since that D．no that3．With all these exacerbating tensions of the 19th and 20th centuries, it was too much to expect that lawmakers, prime ministers, and presidents could understand, ______agree on , how to obtain this explosive mixture.A．even if B．so as toB．even more D．much less4．After every guest _______, the host had the dishes served.A．was sitting B．was seatedC．was seating D．was sat5．_______traffic delays, you had better start earlier if you want to catch 818 for New York city.A．Regardless of B．Attributing toC．Allowing for D．Under the spell of6．Now a paper in science argues that organic chemicals in the rock come mostly from____ on earth than bacteria on Mars.A．configuration B．constitutionC．condemnation D．contamination7．Many people are naturally distrustful of ambition, feeling that it represents something _____ in human nature.A．blatant B．philanthropicC．distressful D．intractable8．Most people believe that the study of another nation, its society and culture, not only can be fascinating but also_____.A．primeval B．legitimateC．newfangled D．beneficent9．In nature we know that wild creatures sometimes exhaust their vital sources and suffer thenatural _______; drastic population reductions.A．capacity B．erosionC．remedy D．amenity10．The chairman gave me a hint that he would like me to think of some ready way of stopping Tom from ______ the proposal.A．lining up B．lying behindC．chiming in D．drifting into11．Monetary Union is a huge economic undertaking ---but it is not just about economics. It is a step with _____political implications-----but it is not just politics.A．stupendous B．bruisingC．tectonic C．internecine12．Since _____firms are more fragile than most other traditional ones, they are even more vulnerable to economy-wide swings.A．inconsistent B．moderateC．nascent D．weird13．To the cynic, there are no wholly altruistic, unselfish acts; every human deed is _____ an ulterior selfish motive.A．independent of B．emulated byC．disguised as D．founded upon14．He keeps his petrol receipts because petrol is one of the expenses that he can ______ against taxes.A．dazzle B．offsetC．circumvent D．impartial15．A university training enables a graduate to see things as they are, to go right to the point, to disentangle a ______of thought.A．line B．strandC．mass D．plethora16．New technologies have often brought with them complex and ______ moral and social difficulties.A．vexing B．psychicC．alienated D．somatic17．The Lewis and Clark expedition left St. Louis in 1804 and traveled 7,700 miles_____ the Pacific Coast.A．on way to B．on route toC．returning to D．in line to18．The Bessemer process was once the most common method of making steel, but today this process is considered______.A．obsolete B．ellipticalC．oval D．eligible19．The other worry is that the entrepreneur will be forced to go public too early, so the venture capitalist can _____ his investment.A．deflate B．pad aroundC．recoup D．cash out20．In almost every country, drug abuse, child abuse and alcohol abuse _______most challenging social problems.A．preoccupied with B．displaced to beC．lend credence to D．loom as1．A．句意：有时小孩在分清现实和虚幻方面存在困难，他们可能认为那样的事情真正存在。