英语答案

1.Almost everyone would like to have more money for nonessential goods and services just because they make life a little more pleasant.2.Mr. Peterson is the chairman of nonprofit charity organization.3.Hostility towards outsiders is characteristic of both humans and non-humans.4. Although I’m a nonsmoker, I don’t support discrimination against smokers.5.It would be nonsense to say that all Asian societies are the same.6.There’s a difference between using words in a nonstandard way andusing them incorrectly.IX.从一开始，乔治就被所有的日本雇员欣然接受。

日方经理通常不信任任何被派去代表美方业主的人，但乔治生性随和，没有人把他看作是对自己职业的一种威胁。

所以他们喜欢就广泛的各类问题征求他的意见，包括大洋彼岸他们的合作伙伴的古怪行为。

公司上下的工程师们都珍视乔治的专业知识和他友好而技能熟练的帮助，他们已养成了一有问题----任何问题，就找他帮忙的习惯。

办公室里的秘书们都热衷于帮助这个讨人喜欢的单身汉学习日语。

X.1. When this temporary job came to an end, George was offered a perma nent job, which he accepted at once.2. To ensure that their ventures in Japan are profitable, the American companies need cultural translators even more than language translators.3. As a cultural translator, George was eager to help the Japanese employ ees who came to ask his advice on a great many matters, both within and outside of his field of expertise.4. Somehow or other, George persuaded the American manager to go al ong with the Japanese accountant’s decision, thus smoothing over the co nflict between the two.5. Conflicts and arguments do arise at times between the American man agers and their Japanese counterparts. But since both parties have the g ood sense to compromise, these conflicts are prevented from escalating i nto big emotional battles.6. All the Japanese employees, the personnel manager included, appreciated George’s frequent help with the multitude of problems they run into.7. My spoken Japanese is not good enough to express myself well. Please don’t get offended if I sometimes say stupid things.8. with a solid understanding of traditional Chinese medicine and a good mastery of English, dr. Zhang is highly qualified to train foreign doctors who came to China to study Chinese medicine.第六单元Text comprehensionII.1. Because he is a star in the sense of a celebrity and in the sense that his expertise is related to astronomy.2. He is paralyzed except for a few muscles, and he has lost his ability to use his voice.3. These are examples of the family’s eccentricity.4. He means that he regards Galileo as the first scientist to closely observe the world and to base his ideas about science on observation.5. He was very gifted without having to work hard, and he hung around with an ‘elite group’ of intelligent students.6. It seems to be meant as an example of his quick and insightful mind- b ut to me it sounds as if hawking just happened to know the answer to thi s particular ‘puzzle’ (so do I, now!)7. His physical awkwardness, his messy uniform and his speech impedim ents.8. It’s an example of Hawking’s eccentricity.9. He gained appreciation for and interest in life.10. They mean that it showed how determination and ambition can help people overcome seemingly impossible obstacles (i.e. Hawking’s severe disabilities).11. it helped him focus on his real gift: theoretical research.12. he means that civilization has evolved to the point that having physic al disabilities like his doesn’t mean a person can’t make a meaningful con tribution to society.VocabularyIII.1. insight2. obstacles3. paralyzed4. poses5. proclaimed6. predicted7. Initially8. eccentric9. gap 10 inheritIV.Slight variations in the exact wording are possible, but the general idea f or each revision is :1. Hawking has been proclaimed a genius and Einstein’s heir.2. His father was a doctor specializing in tropical diseases.3. Ancient astronomers maintained that the earth was the center of the s olar system.4. Hawking was part of an elite group of bright students who listened to classical music.5. He acknowledges that his disease was a crucial factor in focusing his at tention on theoretical research.V.1. Big industries that are responsible for a lot of pollution pay special tax es that finance environmental clean-up projects.2. We bought these chairs only last year and they are falling apart alread y.3. Each of us has to work out the problems posed by life in our own way.4. Haven’t your parents ever said anything about your hanging around wi th such eccentric friends?5. Just as Jane put the glass on the table, the cat jumped up and knocked it off.6. Fascinated by the stars and planets, the boy dreamed of becoming a pr ofessional astronomer someday.7. Many educators say that an ability to perform well on tests has nothing to do with true intelligence.8. Alfred was at once a great philosopher and a talented musician.9. Plenty of people who have trouble in school when young later turn ou t to be creative genius.10. Of course you have trouble learning if you never bother to look up ne w words in the dictionary.Word buildingVI.1. anthropology 人类学2. archaeologist 考古学家3. astronomer 天文学家4. biological 生物学的5. chemistry 化学6. chemist 化学家7. cosmology 宇宙学8. cosmologist 宇宙学家9. mathematical 数学的 10. mathematician 数学家 11. philosophical 哲学的 12. philosopher 哲学家 13. psychology 心理学 14. psychological 心理学的 15. sociological 社会学的 16. sociologist 社会学的VII.1. telegram2. television3. communication over long distances4. treat a patient a long distance away; provide medical treatment from a distance5. information in the form of textStructureVIII.1. Originally located in London, the museum was moved to Hertfordshire in 1946.2. Asked what his plan was for the coming year, the manager promised t o further develop the domestic market.3. Composed in 1878, this symphony is based on a classical Chinese love story.4. Designed for visitors to touch or play with, many modern museum exh ibits are at once entertaining and educational.5. Aided by technology, science helps mankind to gain increasing control over the environment.IX.1. A star scientist in more ways than one, Steven Hawking has achieved f ar more than most people ever dream of.2. An Italian mathematician and astronomer, Galileo was the first scientist to start using his eyes, both literally and figuratively.3. A figure of classroom fun, hawking spoke with a slight lisp inherited fro m father.4. A group of some forty students, the Poetry Society holds regular meeti ngs where the members recite their poems.5. A fascinating combination of ancient and modern China, Beijing attract s huge numbers of tourists from around the world every year. TranslationX.他被称为“活着的最有才华的人”，“20世纪后期最伟大的天才”，以及“爱因斯坦的继承人”。