塑料挤出机机械结构设计

哈尔滨石油学院

毕业设计（论文）任务书

本次毕业设计主要工作内容是完成塑料挤出机的机械结构设计。通过本次设计，建立正确的产品设计思想、掌握产品设计的流程、各个设计阶段解决问题的方法和手段。为毕业后实际设计产品奠定良好基础。

基本要求

1．用多种方法查找相关文献资料。

2．参照以有的设备数据拟定多种设计方案，比较设计方案，选择最佳方案进行设计。

3．利用CAD完成装配图和零件图，。

4.撰写毕业设计论文。

主要参考资料

1 刘立春. 塑料机械设计.北京.机械工业出版社,1993.2

2 于德水. 塑料加工机械.北京.机械工业出版社,2001.12

3 陈露.AutoCAD2006基础及应用教程.电子工业出版社,2006.8

摘要

此次设计的题目是SJ-65塑料挤出机机械结构设计。挤出成型是塑料成型加工的重要成型方法之一，而挤出成型是在挤出机上进行的，所以挤出机是塑料成型加工机械的主要设备。用挤出机生产的产品广泛地应用于人们生活以及农业、建筑业、石油化工、机械制造、国防等工业部门。

挤出机主要用不高于把聚合物主原料与所需添加的辅助原料混合、混炼塑化熔融，最终加工成具有各种截面形状和几何尺寸的挤出类塑料制品。其主要的特点是：生产过程连续；生产效率高；应用范围广；投资小，收效快。[1]挤出机主要由挤压系统、加料系统、传动系统和加热冷却系统组成。本次设计就是围绕这几部分进行设计的。挤压系统主要由螺杆和机筒组成，是挤出机的关键部分。加工的塑料是高分子聚合物。综合各个方面的因素考虑，螺杆的结构形式选定为等距变深型螺杆。机筒结构是选用的衬套式机筒，即在整体式机筒内加一衬套，衬套磨损后可以拆出加以更换，这样可以节省贵金属材料，很经济。

本次设计就是基于在结构合理、易于加工和维修等条件的要求下，进行挤出机的设计。

关键词：挤出机；传动系统；加热冷却

Abstract

This design topic is SJ-65 plastic extruder mechanical structure design. Extrusion molding is plastic forming the important method of forming process, and extrusion molding in extrusion machine is the extruder, so is the plastic molding processing machinery major equipment. Extruder production with the products widely used in people life and agriculture, construction, petroleum chemical industry, machinery manufacturing, defense industries as well.

Extruder is not higher than the polymerization with raw materials and add the owner needed assistance raw material mixing, mixing rubber plasticizing melting, eventually processed into has all kinds of cross-section shape and geometry size of plastic extrusion products. Its main characteristic is: production continuous; High production efficiency; Application range; Small investment, fast convergence.

Extrusion machine mainly by extrusion system, charging system and transmission system and heating, cooling systems. This design is a few parts around this design. Extrusion system mainly by the screw and barrel composition, is a key part of the extruder. Processing of plastic is the high polymer. Comprehensive all aspects of the factors, screw structure of the selected for isometric darker type screw. Machine tube structure is to choose the bushing type of barrel, that is, in the integral within a barrel and bushing, liner wear can be replaced after pulled out, this can save precious metal materials, very economy.

The design is based on the reasonable structure, easy to processing and maintenance of the conditions of the request, for the design of the extruder.

Keywords：plastic extrusion ; transmission system; heating and cooling.