冠词知识点讲解
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
冠词
一、不定冠词
1. 不定冠词a和an,一般用来修饰单数可数名词。
a用在发音以辅音音素的名词之前,
an则用在发音以元音音素的名词之前。
如:a student,an orange。
注意:
1)以元音字母U字母开头的词:
an umbrella/ unhappy family/ unusual child
a useful book/ university/ UFO/ uniform
2)以辅音字母H字母开头的词:
An honest boy/ hour
A history book/ horse
3)以元音字母E字母开头的词:
English/ egg European
4)以元音因素开头的字母: m/ f/ h/ x/ 8/ s
Eg: There is an “m” in the word “mouth”.
The “h” in the word “hour” is not pronounced.
2. 不定冠词指表示某一类人或某事物中的任何一个,第一次提到某人
或某物时,
1) 用于可数名词单数前,表示某一类人或事物(相当于 any+n.)Eg: A horse is a useful animal.
A student should study hard.
2) 泛指某一类人或事物中的一个
Eg:I am a student. / Give me a pen, please.
3) 指某人或某物,但不具体说明何人或何物。
Eg: A boy is waiting for you.
Last week we worked in a factory.
4) 表示数量,有“一个”的意思。
Eg: I have a dog. / Have a cup of tea, please.
5) 表示单位,相当于“每”的意思。
Eg: They worked eight hours a day.
The train can go 100 kilometers an hour.
6)用于固定词组中。
have a rest (break,look,,try, cold, fever, headache), take a walk, in a
moment,
in a minute, once upon a time, twice a month, four times an hour ,
a little , a few , a lot of,a great many ,as a rule ,in a hurry , in a word ,in a short while (不久),after a while ,have a good time , (say) with a smile
(speak) in a low voice, have a word with sb,take an active part in 积极参加
二、定冠词的用法
定冠词the可以和一个名词连用,来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。
Give me the book ( on the top shelf)
We must catch the next bus.
(1)特指双方都明白的人或物:
Take the medicine.把药吃了。
What’s in the paper ( on the radio)
(2)上文提到过的人或事:
He bought a house.I’ve been to the house.
他买了幢房子。我去过那幢房子。
(3)指世上独一物二的事物:
the sun,the sky,the moon,the earth,the world/ the universe
In space 在太空
(4)与单数名词连用表示一类事物:
如:the dollar 美元;the fox 狐狸
The horse is a useful animal. (表类别与其它类别相区别)
A horse is a useful animal. (类别中的任何一个或具体的一个例子)
或与形容词或分词连用,表示一类人:
如:the rich 富人;the living 生者。The old/ sick/ young/ blind/ sick (5)用在序数词和形容词最高级,及形容词only,very,same,表方向的名词等前面:
Eg: the first time, the last lesson, the longest river, on the left
That’s the very thing I’ve been looking for. 那正是我要找的东西。
注意:
当序数词表名次,在句中作表语或状语时,通常不加冠词
Eg: I am second in the English contest.(表语)
George arrived first. (状语)
序数词表“又一”时,前面常不加定冠词
Eg: He lost his way for a second time yesterday.
当表示方位的名词做副词时,不加定冠词
Eg: I’m thinking of going south. / from east to west
(6)与复数名词连用,指整个群体:
They are the teachers of this school.指全体教师)
They are teachers of this school. (指部分教师)
(7)表示所有,相当于物主代词,用在表示身体部位的名词前:
She caught me by the arm…… 她抓住了我的手臂。
She patted the boy on the head.
(8)用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级、等专有名词前:
the People’s Republic of China 中华人民共和国 the United States 美国
the Great Wall 长城 the Shanghai Railway Station
the No.1 Middle School
(9)用在表示乐器的名词之前:
Eg: She is playing the piano.她正在弹钢琴。
(violin, guitar, triangle(三角铁), drum, recorder (竖笛))
注意:在表示具体的器物或表示课程时,不加the
Eg: He bought a pian o last month.
She taught piano in the school.
(10)用在姓氏的复数名词之前,表示一家人:
(在句中做主语时,谓语动词用复数)
Eg: The Greens are watching TV now. 格林一家人(或格林夫妇)(11) 在江河、海洋、山脉、群岛的名称前,
如the Yellow River , the East China 东海; the West Lake 西湖
the Tianshan Mountains 天山
(12) 某些建筑物名词前,如the Summer Palace.
(13) 在报纸、杂志、旅馆、经典等名词前,如the People′s Daily.(14)用于自然现象前 Don’t stand in the rain.
(15)用在惯用语中:
in the day在白天,in the morning (afternoon,evening),
the day after tomorrow, the day before yesterday,the next