HND国际商业组织outcome1

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HND客户服务outcome1

SQA-HND-客户服务-OUTCOME1《客户关系文化构建》英文案例中文提示Alice Hendry最近受聘成为高山酒店集团的总经理。

这是她首次受聘成为这个层次的管理者，她非常渴望能成功地做好自己的工作。

她意识到她的任务将是非常艰巨的。

但她自信：凭着从以前数次的类似经历中所获得的经验，她能迅速调动她得员工，把他们整合成一支忠于所做工作的统一团队。

酒店集团的董事会要求她提交一份报告，就她将怎样在传统的春秋淡季提升经营业绩做出详细说明。

该酒店集团有一系列的独特资源：它有150间客房，两个餐馆，两个酒吧和一个夜总会。

除此之外，它还有一个健身中心和一个游泳馆。

集团还经营有自己的运动品商店，在冬季提供滑雪用品的租售和滑雪培训课程，在夏季提供山地自行车运动设备的租售和导游。

集团还经营有高山缆车。

缆车除了冬季供滑雪者上山使用夏季供山地自行车运动者使用外，平时也向风景观光者开放。

酒店在冬夏两季的顾客通常是年轻运动爱好者。

尽管如此，Alice意识到酒店以前也尝试过吸引其他类型的顾客，尤其是在滑雪和山地自行车运动冷淡的春秋两季。

很明显，酒店以前的这种努力没有获得任何成功，虽然酒店的设备能毫无疑问的能满足更多成年顾客的需求。

Alice已经对酒店以前的这种经营失败做了一些调查，她不无担心地发现：酒店以前努力在淡季吸引更多中年顾客方面获得了一些成功，但是顾客的回头率太低，不能留住顾客。

在Alice到任第一个月末她召集了酒店集团的所有中高层管理会议。

会议讨论她对本年度淡季提高经营业绩的计划。

她建议：集团需要开展一系列拓展市场的行动来吸引更多中老年顾客；集团的员工对工作要采取更灵活的办法。

例如：有些人更喜欢比较安静的郊外散步，而不是剧烈的滑雪和山地车。

集团的健身中心为了吸引这类顾客可以相应的开展这类安静的运动项目；运动品商店可以为不具有强烈冒险精神的顾客或者在天气不好的时候提供低谷徒步团体游；Alice还觉得春季观鸟游在这里很有市场，因为她注意只要知道观察的地点，高山酒店集团所处的区域有很多罕见的夏季候鸟出现；夜总会很容易在淡季改造成舞厅，用作排排舞等健身舞活动（吸引中老年顾客），而不是仅仅局限在受年轻人喜欢的劲爆舞。

HND商务信息与通讯技术OUTCOME1

Part 1: Identify and evaluate the role of business information in decision-making.Question 1:Strategic ManagementStrategic management is responsible for making decisions that affect whole company. These decisions are generally very complex and unstructured .They make long-term decisions.Internal: The market trends. If the company can observe the index，it will understand the needs of the company ，so as to decide it will produce the products to gain more profi t.External: the staffing needs. If the ∞mpany can improve employee benefits，increase their rewards ，it will make employees have more power.Tactical ManagementTactical managers are the middle managemen t. They make medium-term de c isi o ns a忏'e c ting budget s，monit o ring oper a tions，d e v e lo p ing poli ci e s，obta in ing res o urc e s. Tactical manag e rs d ev elop tactics to ac hie ve the overall strategic aims and objectives set by the strategic manager.Internal: The budgets. If the company has a budget process，it will be able to control the budget and control the company's cash position. And the enterprise capital will become more f lexible .External: If the enterprise has the fixed suppliers，it will guarantee the quality of enterprise products and save operating time，thus enhances the enterprise the competitive ability and increase more profits.Operational ManagementThe operational manager is the first line manager or supervisor. They areresponsible for the day-to-day opera甘ons of the business.Internal: If the enterprise sta仔attendance record eve叩day，it can work outa plan for a more perfect plan according to the info rmat ion，so that employees work more e仔icient ly.External: Th e customer needs. If the enterp川se understand cus tomer needs，its products to attract customers and increase income.Senior ManagementStrategicTactical Middle ManagementOperationalQuestion 2:"Enterpri se resource planning is a cross-functional enterprise sys tem driven byan i nt egrated suite of so仕ware modules that supports the basicinterna lbusiness proωsses o f a ∞mpany." ERP gives a compa ny an integra ted real-time view of i怡core business processes such as production，orderprocessing，and inventory management，tied together by ERP applicationssoftwa r e and a common database maintained by a database managementsystem. ERP systems track business resources (such as cash，raw materials，Me n gj i e In fonnation an d Communi c a tio ns Techn o l o gy in B usiness16/ 10/ 2013and production capacity) and the status of commitments made by the business (such as customer orders，purchase orders，and employee payroll)，no matter which department (manufacturing ，purchasing ，sales，accounting ，and so on) has entered the data into the system. ERP facilitates information f10w between all business functions inside the organization，and manages connections to outside stakeholders. (Wikipedia ，2013)This information system would support decision-making at strategic levels.•ERP provides support to upper level management to provide them with critical decision making information.This decision support allows the upper level management to make managerial choices that enhance the business down the road.•ERP also creates a more agile ∞mpany that better adapts to change. ERP makes a company more f1exible and less 时gidly structured so organization components operate more cohesively，enhancing the business-斗nternally and externa11y.•ERP can greatly improve the quality and efficiency of a business. B y keeping a company's internal business process running smoothly ，ERPcan lead to bett e r output s that b e nefit th e c ompany su c h as c us tom e rs e rvi ce，and manufactur i ng."Customer relationship management is a model for managing a company's interactions with current and future customers." It involves using technology to organize ，automate ，and synchronize sales，marketing ，customer service ，and technical suppo凡(Wikipedia ，2013)This information system would support decision-making at operational levels.•Access control is crucial for the SCM too l. On the one hand，since this is team development ，may need to limit certain members of the authority;The sub-project of the especially big projects tend to be involved in outsourcing ，at the end of the alignment stage will involve a lot of different units，need more rights managemen t. Access control ，on the other hand，Me n gj i e In fonnation an d Communi c a tio ns Techn o l o gy in B usiness16/ 10/ 2013also reduced the possibility of wrong operation，indirect improve the availability of the SCM too l.•SCM tools record programs and files modified tr司ectory，track change informat i on，make the software development work completed in Baseli n e(Baseline) gradual wa弘avoiding the un c o n trolled software developme n t situation ，make development status in order."Sup p ly chain management is the management of the flow of goods. It includes the mo v emen t and storage o f raw materials ，work-in-process inventory，and finished goods from point of origin to point of consumption ." Interconnected or inte r linked networks，c hannels and node businesses are in v olved in t he provision of products and servi c es required by end customers in a supply chain .Supply chain management has been defined as the "design，plann i ng，execution，control ，and monito时ng of supply c hain a c ti v ities with the objective of creating net value，build i ng a competitive infrastructure ，leveraging worldwide logistics，synchron i zing suppl y with demand and measuring performance globally." (Wikipedia ，2013)Thi s in for m a t i on s y s tem woul d s up po rt d ecis io n-m aki ng at o p e r ation a川eve l s. .. C RM i s n ot o nl y o ne i n t he fa c e o f cus t o me r ma rk et i n g a n d se rv ic e department，also is a bus i ness departments can share information and resources pla仔'o rm for the automation work，in order to maximize the mining and coordination of enterprise resources ，expand the survi v al space and potential.•CRM is customer information into positi v e customer relationsh i p and the working process of the cy cle. Through the CRM can more trulyc omprehensive colle c tion，analysis of c ustomer information ，to pro v idecustomers with multi-angle，all-round service.Question 3:"The Data Protection Act 1998 is a United Kingdom Act of Parliament which defines UK law on the processing of data on identifiable living people. It is the main piece of legislation that governs the protection of personal data in the U K. Although the Act itself does not mention privacy，it was enacted to bring UK law into line with the EU data protection directive of 1995 which required Member States to protect people's fundamental rights and freedoms and in particular their right to privacy with respect to the processing of personal data." (Wikipedia ，2013)1 think it necessa叩for enterprises to use the Ac t.It can better protect corporatedata and information，to reduce a lot of business risk."The Copyright，Designs and Patents Act 1988 (c. 48)，also known as the CDPA，is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which received Royal Assent on 15 November 1988. It reformulates almost completely the statutory basis of copyright law (i ncluding pe斤。

HND商法outcome1问题及答案

1.现代苏格兰法的渊源Source Of Scotland Law1.Statute 成文法2.EU Law 欧盟法mon Law 普通法2.民法与刑法的区别The main differences between civil and criminal law are:a.Criminal law is primarily used by the State as a means of maintaining law and order by punishing certain individuals who indulge in behaviour which is regarded as criminal and anti-social. The State uses the criminal law, therefore, to punish criminals on behalf of the community or society.b.The civil justice system, in contrast with criminal law, aims to resolve legal disputes between private individuals in areas as wide-ranging as family law, company law, partnership law, banking and finance law, sale of goods and services, consumer law, personal injury claims, trusts, defamation actions, succession issues and divorce (消费者保护法，个人伤害索赔，信托，诽谤行动，继承问题和离婚).c.Different courts, standards of proof and procedures existdepending on whether we are talking about criminal action or a civil dispute. (we will discuss this more in later chapters)3.成文法的定义Acts of parliament are often referred to as legislation or statute law. the westminster parliament alone made laws for scotland until the creation of the scottish parliament,however,westminster has given the scottish parliament authority in many different areas of policy to make statute law.4.苏格兰议会与英国议会Which the Westminster Parliament or the Scottish Parliament , is the superior legislative body?(a)The westminster（维特敏斯特——伦敦市的一个行政区英国议会所在地）parliament(b)1.After(the Act Of union in)1707,the new scottish parliament is not completely/totally/fully independent（独立的）(body/organization).2.It's westminster parliament that gave scottish parliament.3.Scotland can only make secondary legislation（法规法令）/can not make primary legislation.4.Scotland parliament can abolish（废止）.5.欧盟立法机关European Union Legislation(what are the four most important institutions of the European Union and which of the European Union institutions has law-making powers?)(a)四个机构1.The Commission European: A Supervision（监督）Role2.The Council of Ministers (部长理事会决策性的)3.The European Parliament(建议性的)4.The European Court of Justice (执法)(b)哪个机构有权利制定法律1.the council of ministers and the european parliament have the power/authority to make law/advisory.2.The EU commission can not make law.3.The court enforces EU Law.法院实施欧盟法6.The primary of European Union Law Assuming three exists a conflict between scots and European Union law , which one of the two legal systems are the Scottish courts bound to follow? Why?(a) 如果Scotland law与EU Law发生冲突应该遵守？The Scottish corts would have to obey/observe the European Law.(b) Why?1.the EU Union have 27 member state,every state must to obey the EU Union's regulation.2.3. Scotland is a part member of the EU Union,so It must obey the EU Law,if UK decided get out of the EU Union,Scotland will not obey the EU Law.7. 6个民事纠纷例子Civil disputes Employment law disputes e.g. unfair or wrongful dismissal claims劳动法纠纷，如不公平的或者错误的解聘纠纷Family law disputes (custody or adoption of children)家庭法纠纷（孩子的监护或收养问题）Divorce or separation actions离婚或分居诉讼Debt recovery actions债务清偿纠纷Defamation of character人格诽谤纠纷Land disputes土地纠纷Winding up of a corporate body公司解体纠纷Succession disputes (wills)继承/遗嘱纠纷Personal injury claims人身伤害纠纷Contractual disputes合同关系纠纷8. 5个苏格兰使用的法律Sale of goods act 1979Employment right act 1996Human right act 1998Protection of children（scotland）act 2003The healthy and safety at work act 1974Abolition of feudal tenure （scotland）act 2000The licensing （scotland）act 19769.什么是犯罪What is a crime?A crime is behaviour which is regarded as so reprehensible (应受谴责) and which, consequently, threatens or undermines thesecurity of society. Criminal behaviour ought to be punished by the State by the imposition of a prison sentence and /or fine or other sanction (制裁) on the person who is convicted of a crime.举例（5个）：Examples of criminal conduct include murder, rape, assault, fire-raising, theft and fraud (欺诈行为).10.司法先例Judicial Precedent定义Judicial Precedent (司法先例)Judicial Precedent also known as Stare Decisis (遵循先例).If a legal dispute or any other legal situation occurs and there is no provision in any Act of Parliament of any piece of delegated legislation to cover it, the judge dealing with the dispute must make a decision which he/she sees as fair and just.In such a situation therefore, the judge is actually making the law—he/she is creating a precedent—and their decision will be followed in the future by other judges in similar cases. However, if legislation is passed later which is contrary to the judicial decision, then the legislation that is passed later will overrule it.原则For precedent to be applied the following must be shownThat the cases are “in point”—This means that the case beingheard in court must be dealing with the same question of law as the case being heard in court as the case that is being used as a precedent.That the original decision was made in a higher court: the Court of Session and Sheriff Court Judges must follow a House of Lords decision.There is no legislation to cover this point. At the time of this case, there was no legislation to cover such a situation and so the judges had used their sense of fairness to reach a decision.举例Donoghue V Stevenson 1932 SC（HL）31Daniels V White （1938）Grant V Australian Knitting Mills（1936）。

HND 商法导论outcome1

1.List the main sources of modern Scots Law.The two main sources of Scots Law:A: Statutory Sources of LawActs of Parliament––––laws passed by the UK and Scottish Parliament known as Acts Delegated Legislation––––laws passed by bodies authorized by Parliament.European Union Law––––passed by the European UnionB: Common Law Sources:Judicial Precedent––––the most influential of the common law sources, also known as Stare Decisis.Custom––––A custom is a practice which has been long and consistently recognized and so has acquired the force of law. Custom is now rarely a source of new law.Equity––––basically means fairness or natural justiceInstitutional Writings––––have less authority than legislation or judicial precedent.Institutional Writings is not as important as legislation or judicial precedent. Their main importance lies in the fact that they contributed to the orderly development of Scots law.2(a) what is meant by the doctrine of judicial precedent?Judicial Precedent is the most influential of the common law sources, also known as Stare Decisis. If a legal dispute or any other legal situation occurs and there is no provision in any Act of Parliament or any piece of delegated legislation to cover it, then the judge dealing with the dispute must make a decision which he sees as fair and just. In such a situation therefore, the judge is actually making the law—he is creating a precedent—and their decision will be followed in the future by other judges in similar cases. However, if legislation is passed later which is contrary to the judicial decision, and then the legislation that is passed later will overrule it. The operation of judicial precedent results in the creation of ‘case law’. A group of cases exist which have established a particular point of law.2(b) Give an example of a judicial precedent.Example: Donoghue V Stevenson 1932 SC (HL) 31Mrs. Donoghue alleged that one evening in August 1928 in Francis Michelle’s Café in Paisley, a friend had ordered for her, ice cream and ginger beer—planning to put it together as an ice drink. The ginger beer was supplied in a sealed, opaque bottle and the owner of the café poured some of the beer into the ice cream. Mrs. Donoghue drunk some of the mixture and her friend then lifted the bottle and was pouring out the remainder into a tumbler when a decompose snail floated out of the bottle and into her drink. Mrs. Donoghue suffered shock and illness as a result. She claimed damages against the manufacturer.3(a) Which is the superior legislative body: the Westminster Parliament or the Scottish Parliament?the superior legislative body: the Westminster Parliament3(b) Explain your choice of answer in part (a) above.By the Act of Union in 1707, Scotland and England formed the kingdom of Great Britain, since then the Scottish parliament is not a complete, independent legislative body. It is an inferior body in comparison to the Westminster Parliament, from which the Scottish Parliament derives its authority to pass laws for Scotland. Westminster Parliament has the right to cancel the Scottish parliament on bill made by the legislation. Any legislation of the Scottish Parliament is considered to be secondary legislation NOT primary legislation.4. What is a statute?The consists of laws known as statutes or Acts of Parliament passed by both the House of Commons and the House of Lords and then given the Royal Assent.All statutes are divided into sections, sub-sections, paragraphs and sub-paragraphs for easy reference.All Statues starts as “bills” which can be either Public Bills or Private Bills.5. Name five Acts of ParliamentAbolition of Poindings and Warrant Sales Act 2001Dog Fouling (Scotland) Act 2003Animals (Scotland) Act 1987The Succession (Scotland) Act 1964The Divorce (Scotland) Act 19766. What are the main differences between civil and criminal law in Scotland? Civil law:Civil Law is concerned with non-criminal disputes and situations, including the following:·The settlement of legal disputes between individuals and other bodies(e.g. a divorce case、succession、issues)·The payment of compensation from one party to another for loss or injury.·The setting of procedures to govern financial and other matters.(e.g. the legal procedures to be followed when buying or selling a house)Criminal law:Criminal law is primarily used by the State as a means of maintaining law and order by punishing certain individuals who indulge in behavior which is regarded as criminal and anti-social. The State uses the criminal law, therefore, to punish criminals on behalf of the community or society. the main differences:1. The regulated relationships:Civil Law: Relationships between subjects of equal footingCriminal Law: Relationships between subjects of unequal footing2 .The burden:Civil Law: Compensation or other obligationsCriminal Law: Punishment by State3. The freedom of the subjects:Civil Law: Much freedom between the partiesCriminal Law: Mandatory7. What is a crime? (You should list four examples of criminal behavior)A crime is behavior which is regarded as so reprehensible and which, consequently, threatens or undermines the security of society. Criminal behavior ought to be punished by the State by the imposition of a prison sentence and/or fine or other sanction on the person who is convicted of a crime.Examples: assault, murder, fire-raising, theft and fraud8. Provide three examples of a civil dispute.·Family law disputes (custody or adoption of children).·Land disputes e.g. trespass, nuisance, non-natural use of water, liability for animals.·Winding up of a corporate body(limited liability partnerships) in an insolvency or bankruptcy situation.9(a) In a conflict between Scots and European Union Law, which one of the two legal systems are the Scottish Courts bound to follow?In a conflict between Scots and European Union Law, the Scottish Courts would have to obey the European Union's legal system.9(b) Explain your answer.The European Union is an organization of twenty-seven member states, while the members in this organization must abide by the rules of the European Union law system in order to enjoy the benefits. UK has been a member of the EU since 1st January 1973 as a result of the passing of the European Communities Act 1972 by the Westminster Parliament. This legislation recognizes the supremacy of European law over domestic law. So in a conflict between Scots and European Union Law, the Scottish Courts would have to obey the European Union's legal system.10(a) What are the four most important institutions of the European Union? Commission European, The Council of Ministers, European Parliament and European Court of Justice10(b) Which of the European Union institutions has law-making powers?The Council of Ministers and European Parliament has law-making powers.。

HND商法导论OUTCOME1答案

Outcome Covered 1Assessment task instructionsCandidates will be given one closed-book exercise consisting of ten restricted response questions for the assessment of Outcome 1. This exercise should take candidates approximately 30-45 minutes to complete.考生将获得1闭卷行使十个评估的结果1限制反应的问题组成。

这项工作应采取的候选人约30-45分钟才能完成。

分钟才能完成。

1 List the main sources of modern Scots Law.1名单现代苏格兰法律的主要来源。

名单现代苏格兰法律的主要来源。

Statute law, common law and European Union law2(a) What is meant by the doctrine of judicial precedent?2（一）什么是司法先例原则？（一）什么是司法先例原则？2(b) Give an example of a judicial precedent.2（b ）给出了一个司法先例的例子。

）给出了一个司法先例的例子。

3(a) Which is the superior legislative body: the Westminster Parliament or the Scottish Parliament?3（一），这是上级立法机构：威斯敏斯特议会或苏格兰，这是上级立法机构：威斯敏斯特议会或苏格兰议会？议会？3(b) Explain your choice of answer in part (a) above.3（b ）解释第（一）项的选择你的答案。

HND市场学导论outcome1

HND市场学导论outcome1Marketing: An IntroductionContentsIntroduction (3)Marketing concept (3)Pay attention to market research (3)Corporate Profit (3)Pay attention to the marketing plan (3)Marketing Orientation and Customer Relationship Management (4)After Service (4)The marketing environment (4)Types of Marketing Environment (5)Marketing Research&Information: (5)Find out enterprise’s problems and mistakes (5)Market Segmentation (5)Opponents of information (6)Marketing plan (6)Market research and information Introduction (6)Quantitative&Qualitative Research (6)Qualitative Research (6)In-depth interviews (6)Quantitative research (7)Face-to-Face surveys: (7)Segmentation & targeting (8)Research information (8)Market segmentation (8)Benefits of Market S&T (8)Conclusion (9)Reference (9)IntroductionThis report is writes for the Trusty-Land Food Company. The report consists of 5 point that includes the marketing environment segmentation and targeting, the market research and information and marketing conception. Making a final and review summary in the end.FindingsMarketing conceptPay attention to market researchThe organization researches the local environment that can help company to make market segmentation. Finally, the organization can meet customer?s demand.Corporate ProfitThe organization uses advanced technology or policy to improve the product in market. The organization enhances the market shares that will increase corporate profit.Pay attention to the marketing planThe organization pays attention to the customer?s demand competitions plan and own enterprise conditions. The marketing plan can ensure customer growth and growth enter company?s profit.Marketing Orientation and Customer Relationship ManagementThe organization is gives priority to the customer?s demand. The organization communicate and cooperate with customers that can help organization to take long-term benefits with customers.After ServiceThe organization reasonable to meets customer?srequirements. The organization mast timely and effective to deal with customer?s problem. Eventually the organizati on make customer satisfaction.The marketing environmentMicroenvironment:The Company met the specific conditions in the business environment and explores the relevance economic reasoning to managerial decision-making. The …Trusty-Land Food? formed a sales to large grocery chains. The large grocery chains includes Seven Eleven. But Seven Eleven wanted supplies under their name on Trusty-Land Food?s products, so the Seven Eleven become a competition. It affects the reputation of our products, costumer always pay great attention to packing. Trusty-Land–Food?s logo represent a big part and Seven Eleven?s logo represent a small part.In 2009, the “HealthMeat” is imperative for companies to increase their focus on retaining existing customers and attracting new ones. Bring the benefits to company from new ones. The companies adhere to innovation. Wide range of goods will attract more customers that can move the company forward.Macroenvironment: The bird flu and the mad cow scare appeared in 2005 and 2006 that decreased the customer?s demand. The bird flu and the mad cow scare appeare d that made the company lose great profits. Security checks in the supplier have becomestricter to help the bird flu and mad cow scare disappeared. The mass media should be propagandas food Trusty-Land Food Company?s products safety that can maintains sales.The new dietary guidelines had been proposed by government is reduce consumption by red meat and processed meat. The new dietary guidelines effect the company?s red meatand processed meat?s sales. Responding to government?s policy, the company reduce products of the red meat and processed meat and production more products of write meat. Responding the government?s policy can make the product sales to rise.Types of Marketing EnvironmentAccording to Philip Kotler in his book Principles of Marketing (4th European Edition), the marketing environment consists of all the actors and forces that affect the marketing management?s ability to develop and maintain successful relationships with its target customers. According to Gary Armstrong & Philip Kotler, Marketing: An introduction (10th Edition), a public indicates any group that has an actual or potential interest in or impact on an organization?s ability to achieve its objectives.Marketing Research&Information:Find out enterprise’s problems and mistakesI t can help enterprise to finds out enterprise?s problems and mistakes and then it can help enterprise to deal with problems and mistakes. It benefit the further development of the enterprise.Market SegmentationMarket segmentation can help the enterprise to makes market segmentation. The enterprise uses market segmentation to finds customers that can help enterprise to improve the product sales.Opponents of informationThe enterprise mast grasps the opponents of information to keeping the advantage of the enterprises in the competition. It beneficial to company development.Marketing planThe marketing research brings the information. The information helps enterprise to makes next marketing plan.Market research and information Introduction“The function linking the consumer, customer and public to the marketer through information that is used to identify and define marketing opportunities and problems, to generate, refine and evaluate marketing actions, to monitor marketing performance, and to improve understanding of the marketing process”Quantitative&Qualitative ResearchQualitative ResearchIn-depth interviewsThe Trusty-Land Food Company looks for three people to in-depth interviews. The three men is consumer representative and representative of major ad agencies and market development manager. The company in order to improve the sales of the company?s products that can attract more customers. Consumer representatives put forward opinions and suggestions on the quality of our meet?s products, to meet the majority of consumer preferences to make changes.Now advertising is very important to strengthen the use of the media to advertise. The representative of major ad agencies proposals combined with the company's characteristics and corporate culture. Recommendations includes the methods of packaging products and mass media. The success of the product packaging and advertising can attract more customers. The market development manager hear consumer representatives and representative of major ad agencies? recommendations that can improvements products. Such as advertising companies to listen to consumers representative of the appearance of the product preferences and consumers gets information through what kinds of the media, Advertising Company to understand thecorporate culture and characteristics through the market development manager. Three people to discusses and ultimately achieve the best packing effect and publicity of company?s products.Quantitative researchFace-to-Face surveys:The Investigation team to nearby food market in a number of neighborhoods face to face surveys before the lunch time and dinner time. The investigation team to conduct research on people who buy food, because most people cooks for family should buy food. Investigation team to understand people usually buy food to eat what kind of meat, raw food or cooked food which some more, people buy food for the food safety requirements, etc. Giving small gifts when the customers answered the question after. Small gifts may be the company's new tasting product. Through investigation, improvement of products that can increase sales.Segmentation & targetingResearch informationThe enterprises to understand the details of their own problem, such as the competitiveness of an enterprise; band effect; fiscal reserves.Knowing the market. Trusty-Land Food Company to understand that consumer?s consumption habit and hobby. The company respect the religious beliefs and customs, many people know that not eating pork is one of eating habits of the Muslim.Market segmentationThe company chooses religion from demographic segmentation to make market segmentation. The market is dividing a market into distinct groups of buyers with differentneeds, characteristics or behaviors, who might require separate products or marketing mixes and company evaluates each market segments. Philip Kotler also describes market targeting as “evaluating each market s egments segment?s attractiveness and selecting one or more of the market segment?s attractiven ess and selecting one or more of the market segments to enter.”The company chooses Catholic, Protestant, Jewish, Islamic from religion to do market segmentationMoslem do not eat pork .Using differentiated marketing in Moslem market, such as the company mast prints Islamic identity on food?s packaging. According to Muslim tastes to make improvements from the company's products.Benefits of Market S&TThrough making Market S&T and making continuous improvements, customer satisfaction scores and courtesy, along with market share, are on the rise. Our customers get hooked on the good product and setting up the good enterprise image, they will buy and become more loyal to our brand.ConclusionFinally, I recommend that companies adhere to market research and innovation that can make the company's product sales rise. I hope that the company develop better and better.ReferenceWang Huihong, WANG Jing, 2013, SQA Unit Student Guide on Marketing: An Introduction, China Modern Economic Publishing House.Kotler Philip, Wong V eronica, Saunders John, Armstrong Gary, 2005, Principles of Marketing 4th European Edition, Prentice Hall.。

SQA-HND-商法-OUTCOME1 答案

Outcome 11. The two main areas of law are Criminal and Civil Law.- Criminal lawDefinition: deals with all types of offences过错and crimes, concerns itself with the recognition of what amounts to a crime and the punishments suitable for these recognized crimes.Criminal conduct is the behavior which threatens the safety and security of the community. So the offender should be punished by imprisonment or fine or some other sanctions. Examples: murder, culpable homicide, piracy, treason, armed robbery, supplying illegal drugs, fire raising, assault, fraud, theft, house breaking, dangerous driving, and breach of the peace)- Civil lawDefinition: concerned with non-criminal disputes and situation, including the following:a) The settlement of legal disputes between individuals and other bodies (example: divorce case).b) The payment of compensation from one party to another for loss or injury (example: a case where someone was claiming damages after being injured by faulty machinery at work).c) The setting of procedures to govern financial and other matters (example: the legal procedures to be followed when buying or selling a house).2. Sources of Scots Law are Statute Law, European Union Law, and Common Law or Judicial Precedent.- Common LawDefinition: is a numerous legal rules that form the part of unwritten laws of Scotland which has been handed down to us as customs and practices over the centuries.A major source of Common Law is the practice whereby judges make new rules of law will be followed by other court, so that it is legally binding rules.3. Doctrine of Judicial PrecedentDefinition: is a process involves a process whereby a judge can develop a rule of law by making a decision in a test case. A test case refers to the one in which clarification of an important point of law is sought, and judges after listening to opposite legal arguments will have to make the decision about which view of the law is correct. Once this decision has been made, future judges and course will be expected to follow the reasoning in the test case, if they are dealing with a case with similar legal issues.It must be emphasized that not every judge can make a new binding legal rule. The authority of the judge or court should be considered here, if the judge is relatively junior, he/she will be unlikely to be able to create a new rule of law. But on the other hand, if the rule comes from superior courts, this decision will be followed by the lower or inferior courts.Judicial precedent or case law is parts of the unwritten law of Scotland.Donoghue v Stevneson (1932)4. Westminster Parliament and Scottish Parliament (legislative body)Unlike the previous Scottish Parliament which was abolished by the Act of Union in 1707, the new Scottish Parliament is not a completely independence body. The Scottish Parliament is clear and inferior body compared with the Westminster Parliament.It is the Westminster Parliament from which the Scottish Parliament obtains its authority to pass laws for Scotland. So any legislation of the Scottish Parliament is thought to be secondary legislation.It is also necessary to know that a simple Act of the Westminster Parliament is all that it would take to abolish Scottish Parliament. Westminster Parliament has already abolished a local assembly.Acts of Parliament are often referred to as legislation or statute law until the creation of Scottish Parliament, the Westminster Parliament alone made laws for Scotland. However Westminster has given the Scottish Parliament authority in many different areas of policy to make statute law.Abolition of feudal tenure act 2000The Health and Safety at Work Act 1974Sale of Goods Act 1979Employment Rights Act 1996Protection of Children Act 20035. Civil Law v Criminal Law- Criminal Law is primarily used by the state as a means of maintaining law and border by punishing certain individuals who have the behavior as criminally and antisocially. The State uses the Criminal Law to punish criminals on behalf of the community or sociality.- The Civil Law is to resolve legal disputes between private individuals in such areas as 民事纠纷Family Law, Company Law, Partnership Law, Banking and Finance Law, Sale of Goods and Services Law, Consumer Law, Personal Injury Claims Law, and Divorce.- Different courts and standers of evidence and procedures exist depending on whether we are talking about a criminal action or a civil dispute.Conflict between Scottish and european lawIf there is a conflict between Scottish and European law, the court should obey the rules or laws under European law.The European Union is an organization of 25 member states. The members must obey the rules or laws in order to enjoy the benefits of membership.Britain has been a member of the European Union since January 1, 1973. because of the passing of the European Communities Act 1972 by the Westminster Parliament. It is this legislation that recognizes the supremacy of European Law over the domestic law. By the time Britain became a member of European Union 1973. Many of the important law were already in place and Britainhad to accept this as a price of membership of European Union. But if Britain decides to withdrawal from membership from European Union, then its national law will once again get supremacy.6. The Council of MinistersThe European ParliamentThe European Court of JusticeThe European CommissionThe first two have the power to make laws for the people of European.The third one enforces European Union Law.The forth one is effectively the unions civil service and it can propose law. It can also bring breaches of the varies European Union Treaties to the attention of the European courts of justice. The Commission is regarded as the EU Treaties guardian of the varies European Union Treaties.。

HND市场学outcome_1_考题及参考答案

1 please describe the purpose and importance of marketing research to organisations.(expected response:approximately 200 words)Answering this question you'll be asked to interpret the meaning of marketing research first, then explain the importance of marketing research.An explaination of the importance of marketing research to include points such as: Definition of marketing researchReferenceMarketing research is a systematic, objective collection and analysis of data about a particular target market, competition, and other environment inluding internal and external environment. It always incorporates some form of data collection whether it be secondary research or primary research which is collected direct from a respondent.The marketing research aims at meeting the needs of its market where a company needs to understand its customers. With the change or development internal and external environment of company, the product market will varies from many factors such as customers' wants or demands.Since meeting consumers' needs is the basic commercial laws, and important for the company's survival and profits making, the company can do some efforts to create more customers' utilities (satisfaction) by marketing research. With the coming of the products' market growing and mature, the quantity of competitors increases, there is no more space available of prodcts' profits making. In order to survive, to keep the existing profit, or to increase the profit, company have motions to explore the potential markets by marketing reseach.2 expected response: approximately 300 words.(a)describe and distinguish between primary and secondary data.Reference :Primary data is the information collected for particular(specfic) purpose at hand. Secondary data exists somwhere, gathered for another purpose.The difference between the primary data and the secondary data can be listed as follows:Just as its name implies, primary data is the first hand information, while secondary data is the seond hand information. That is to say, primary data is field research which is gathered by an organisation for its own specific purpose. Seondary data is desk or library research which is gathered from the library and internal organisation, etc. So we can conclude that secondary data is started first, the more expensive, time-consuming primary research will be used only when missing information has to be collected by marketing research.Secondary data comes from both the internal database and information publicly available(marketing intelligence). While primary data can gathered from outside the organisation.There is the difference in the instrument of the two data. Primary data can gathered through survey . We can survey the targeting by mail, phone, or internet. It can collected through observation by ethnographic research, or sending its staff to observe. It also can gaghered information by focus group interivewing and by experimental research. While the secondary data can be sorted from public available information and internal information. the public available information may include government's report of industry, the news of competitors' website, the references form library, free industry research database, public limited company's information, etc.(b)idetify the advantages and disadvantages of using secondary data.AdvantagesReference:There are five main (key) advantages of secondary data. The fist, it is cheaper and can be obtained more quickly. The seond, Vast quantities of information covering a wide range of subjects are available. The third, since secondary data exists somewhere, it has already been analysed and processed. The fourth, organisations have gathered information over many years and trends and patterns can be identified so that the data is used because public receive it undoubtedly. The last, Governments produce statistics about markets and consumer habits, so if the change of environment can be neglected, the resources about markets can be used.The disadvantages of secondary data includes as follows:it is provided to pulic, so it can not provide specific information for a particular organisation, that is to say , the rivals possibly have the same accesses to gain the similiar information. It ages easily , so it is possibly out of date. Secondary data is not specially prepared for the specific problem of marketing, so the outcome maybe be biased.(c)identify different secondary soures which the organisation in the case study might use.Government statistics about social trends from the Annual Abstact ofStatistics.The financial accounts of rival company.Sales records from within the company to identify growing/declining areas.Newspaper articles about the latest toy crazes in America.Census figures which highlight population changes.Government statistics about the state of the economy.3 explain how the organisation in the case study might use different types of marketing research. Provide realistic and relevant examples of types of marketing research which the organisation could use to improve its current business situation.(expected 400 words)The company could carry out questionnaires in retail outlets, such as retailers and other middlemen by telephone, personal talk or online.the company could visit parent and toddler groups to observe how children play with toys.The company could invite pre-school children to play in the observation room exlusively bulit for research, the marketing managers could watch or observe the children's behavior by scanners or through the window outside the observation room.The company hire an well trained person who was good at marketing research to observe the parent and children's buying behaviors.The company could organise focus groups to discuss new products with groups of 10-12year olds. The company could create a flexbile and comfortabletalk/chat environment, start from an interesting topic so as to calm down the groups, then induct them to speak their true views on the exploration of the new product.The company could carry out the quesitonnaires to make sure the customers' buying preference and their habbits of buying toys , by this process, the company can gain some resources about the development of the new products for added customer market which can be described with 10-12year olds.The company could send out questionnaires to the toy buyers for exsitingproducts in different retail stores such as toy stores , super markets, etc. The contact methods are available which are mail, phone, personal talk, and online. Ifthe outlay for marketing research is enough , the suggested method is personal talk. Because this method is easy to control the quality of research.The company could organise focus groups to discuss exsiting products with groups of pre-school year olds. Since the customers' characteristic, the form of research maybe variable and flexible. Maybe playing games with them is available while carrying out research. By chatting with them, marketing managers or marketing researchers can know their needs for the toys.Since the industry is becoming even more competitive, gathering more secondary data of rival company's marketing activities is a quite right choice. We can analyse the rival companys' sales figures to see how they had adapted their product ranges. We can go to library for basic reference of rival company, we can gain the free data from the government statistics of industry, we can also gain the information of rival company on the internet ,especially on the rival company's website which includes formal information and informal information like BBS' news.For gathering more information of rival company, we can use the ethnographic research.we can hire a person specially trained for marketing research. The person will observe the buying behavior of their own consumers and rival companys' consumer, then analysis the difference between the two kinds of consumers. Finally give the different marketing strategy .The company could use secondary sources such as government statistics to identify changes in the market place.The company could gather information of book order of government for the primary scholar or pre-school children through the report of government 's work which can be received freely and through government authoritative website.。

HND--商务行为技巧报告_outcome1

Behavioural Skills for BusinessDE3L 35OUTCOME 1Tutor teacher:HNDCandidate Name:ID Number:Total Words:Finish Date:1. IntroductionThis report focuses on the skills of the leader. Faboil Ltd has developed into a successful organization biotechnology field, Richard is the leader of this team, he was not aware of their responsibilities and the division of work of their subordinates not clear, and so some of the problems, the report will be an analysis of the company's business behavior skills the role of managers involved in the conflict, time management, stress management, in order to solve these problems.2.0Analysis and Resolution2.1 Manage rolesHenry Mintzberg identified 10 roles common to the work of all managers. The ten roles are divided into three groups:●The interpersonal roles are the result of position he or she holds in management.●The informational roles link all the managerial work together.●The decisional roles the unique access to information places the manager at the centre of organization decision making.The three interpersonal roles are primarily concerned with relationships. For instance, Figurehead, Liaison, Leader.The direct relationships with people in the interpersonal roles place the manager in a unique position to get information. Thus, the three informational roles are primarily concerned with the information aspects of managerial work. For instance, Monitor, Disseminator, Spokesperson.The unique access to information places the manager at the centre of organizational decision making. There are four decisional roles, for instance, Entrepreneur, Disturbance, Handler, Resource Allocator, and Negotiator.In this case, Richard Cranberry is the leader of this team, he is difficult to control and manage the team, however, and this organization is very backward management approach. Richard Cranberry has encouraged his three project teams to develop new products, as quickly as possible. The leader's responsibility is to motivate and activation staffing, training, associated duties. But he was not clear about the responsibility of the leader, and the work of Joanne Carole Carole's work is not necessity. Richard Cranberry should be equal distribution of work.In this team, Richard is not associated with other departments.For the science department, finance department and marketing department, no association with each other.In a team, various departments should be contacted by the appropriate contact, so that is conducive to the development of the team, we must be engaged in the information exchange network and access the knowledge base. Thus, Richard should strengthen the interaction with other departments.Richard does not use the resources possible role in the allocation of resources, and can not provide a suitable job to the right person. Description of financial, material and human resources, distribution andsupervisory responsibilities. Depending on the sector, he should the allocate new work, and to strengthen the team spirit of cooperation among the three groups. In this case, Carole towards work dutifully, her organization has been 10 years, the other two the Team Leaders to with Carole's situation seemed to be coping better than Carole. Both Joanne and Ian sympathized, and told her that she should tell Richard that she could not cope. Carole did not really want to admit that she was unable to cope. Further consideration, she gave Richard some suggestions, but that meeting Richard but please long-term sick leave. She told the HR manager Colin Meed, about the status quo, let her do Acting Executive know Richard. A negotiation must have clear aim to discuses, and do many prepare work, you need to consider in advance they said the proposal is adopted, and whether the other side of the negotiations can be time presence.2.2 Assertiveness skillsAssertiveness is an umbrella term it is more concerned with the judgment, action, decision making and modification of manager's integrated ability.Aggressive people may upset others. This may lead to others avoiding them or escalating the conflict. This can affect communication, company image, relationships, and stress. They may also get upset with themselves afterwards if they have lost their temple -often aggressive people cannot control their aggressive.Submissive people may avoid dealing with issues.0ther may get frustrated with them or trample over them .This may lead to resentment, reduced self-esteem, and stress.Assertive people develop positive relationships with others, as they will try to consider other viewpoints as well as presenting their own viewpoint in a clear way. They will seek to work with others but will also stand up for themselves. This can lead to better self-image and reduced stress.Bill of rightIn this case,2.3Conflict in the workplaceConflict is process which begins when one party perceives that another party has negatively affected, or is about to negatively affect, something the first party cares about.Conflict between Carole and Joanne. It belongs to interpersonal conflict. Carole asked Joanne, network analysis, is to take over because she thought it was Joanne expertisefrom a moral perspective, Joanne refused to take on additional workload because she thought she was being undertaken Richard asked her.Source of conflict in the workplace have different goals, different time frames, different relationships, unequal distribution of power, unclear roles and responsibilities, as well as a limited number of resources.Carroll conflict because different goals. Incorrect authority Richard led to a clear role conflict leads to a great extent.As a result, to reduce individual and organizational performance, damage to physical and mental health, and increase the high stress levels and poor work attitude, damage to personal and working relationship between each other.Dealing with conflict can ignore the conflict, the conflict continues, to reduce or contain the conflict, conflict resolution, and to prevent the conflict in the first place. Communication with Joanne Carroll should perform; they can hold a meeting in order to solve this problem.2.4 Time ManagementTime management is about our use of time in relation to what we want to achieve. Typical time stealers are that searching for things or people, longer travel time, correcting mistakes, doing unnecessary activities, interruptions, changing priorities, unable to say “no”, waiting, clutter, procrastination.Carol decision, due to the lack of communication of information, and other stakeholders, we must change. This is a steal to correct the error. She is doing unnecessary activities, because she had received a lot of workload, she could not cope. She could not say "no". There are wastes of time to interrupt her. After save notes staff interrupted her work.她应该设置优先级的紧迫性和重要性，并确认她的工作。

HND_商务沟通_outcome1

Assessment task 1Access the White PaperGreen ICT---The Greening of BusinessSkim the report briefly to get a sense of the topic and viewpoint, then focus on reading Section 3-3.1 of Green ICT in the Office.访问白皮书绿色信息通信技术——绿化业务脱脂报告简要地得到了人们的主题和观点,然后专注于阅读部分3 - 3.1绿色信息通信技术在办公室。

3.1 Green ICT in the office3.1.1 Energy-efficient use of equipment and use of energy- efficient equipment.Each and every office desktop offers opportunities to save energy. This involves both energy-efficient use of equipment and the use of energy-efficient equipment.3.1绿色信息通信技术在办公室3.1。

1节能设备的使用和使用节能设备。

每个办公室桌面提供了机会来节约能源。

这涉及到两个节能设备的使用和使用节能设备。

Leaving a copler switched on overnight uses as much power as it takes to make 1500 copies. [Experton].离开一个copler开启一夜之间使用的电力相当于让1500册。

[Experton]。

Even without deploying any new technology, significant savings can be realized by encouraging office workers to change their habits. Company policies can be contribute: for example, through the use of hibernation mode and power-management software for hardware, duplex printing, and generally avoiding unnecessary printouts.即使没有部署任何新技术,可以实现节约大量通过鼓励办公室员工改变他们的习惯。

HND-商法导论Outcome1答案

1.Sources of Scots Law are Statute Law, European Union Law, and Common Law 2.the licensing (scotland)act 1975 sale of goods act 1979 employment rights act 1996 the human rights act 1998 dog fouling (scotland) act 2003 3.family law disputes land disputes employment law disputes parliament is the superior legislative body .after theact of union in 1707, the new scttish parliament is not completely in 1707, independent parliament is primary. be 5.a crme is behavior which is harmful to society.it will will be punished.for example, murder, rape,theft,fraud，assault belong to crimes. 6.it exists a conflict between scots and eu law ,the scottish courts would have to obey the eu's legal system. eu is a club which has 27 member of the states.britain is a member of the club.so the britian must do its responesibility,and give up their own law.if the britain desided to quit the club ,the laws of the britain follow the domestic law . 7.speaking exactly the council of ministers,with the advice of of ministers,with european parliament .cm and ep have the law-making powers.the european court of justice implement eu law .the eu commission can propose laws effectively. 8.act of parliament are often considered as legislation . the statute is made uk parliament and the scottish parliament. 9. A.Judicial Precedent is a process involves a process whereby a judge can develop a rule of law by making a decision in a test case. A test case refers to the one in which clarification of an important point of law is sought, and judges after listening to opposite legal arguments will have to make the decision about which view of the law is correct. B.Once this decision has been made, future judges and course will be expected to follow the reasoning in the test case, if they are dealing with a case with similar legal issues. C.It not every judge can make a new binding legal rule. The authority of the judge or court should be considered here, if the unlikely to to be able to relatively junior, he/she will be unlikely judge is is relatively create a new rule of law. But on the other hand, if the rule comes from superior courts, this decision will be followed by the lower or inferior courts. D.Judicial precedent or case law is parts of the unwritten law of Scotland. E.Donoghue v Stevneson (1932) 10. Criminal law is deals with all types of offences and crimes, concerns itself with the recognition of what amounts to a crime and the punishments suitable for these recognized crimes. Criminal conduct is the behavior which threatens the safety and security of the community. So the offender should be punished by imprisonment or fine or some other sanctions. Examples: murder, piracy, fire raising, assault, fraud, theft Civil law is concerned with non-criminal disputes and situation. The settlement of legal disputes between individuals and other bodies The payment of compensation from one party to another for loss or injury The setting of procedures to govern financial and other matters. example divorce case. 。

SQA——HND——商法导论——outcome1 答案

2. Crime is an act which include social harmfulness, criminal richtswitrig and should be punitive. It threatens and damages the public interests, violates criminal law. And it should be punished by criminal law.3. shoplifting, murder, rape,fire-raising,fraud4. contractual disputes,succession disputes,trusts,personal injury claims,family law disputes5. EU law, Common law, statute law6. First, European Union is an organization which include 27 member states. Second, the 27 member states must abide by EU l aw. Third, EU law is prevailed over member’s law. When EU law and UK law form conflict, it must use the EU law.7. In 1972, UK joined the EU. And UK published the European Communities Act. When EU law and UK law form conflict, UK must use the EU law, If UK out of EU, it can not use the EU law.8. The European commission’s function is proposed law for a lawsuit. The council of ministers isa legislature. Its role is to pass the law and to represent the EU and other countries signed an agreement. European parliament’s role is to realize the EU law with the council of ministers. European court of Justice’s role is to interpret the EU law.9. Judicial precedents is a judge to create the legal process. When the judge found no judgment relevant laws and the judge had to create a new law. And the law need be created by High Court. It must be abide by each court in the future. The inferior court to abide by a superior couet to create laws. The superior court to abide by its own create laws. Example: Donoghue V Stevenson 1932 SC(HL) 3110. Statutes is law enacted by the parliament.There are UK parliament law and Scottish parliament law in UK. At first some laws are made by UK parliament and only for Scotland. Later, Scotland gets the rights to make its own law in some areas.11. Between 1707 and 1998, there is not Scottish parliament in UK. Only the UK parliament directly for Scotland to make law. From 1998, the UK parliament authorized the rights to make laws for Scotland. So the law was draw up by UK parliament called primary law. The law was draw up by Scottish parliament called secondary laws.12. 1998 Scotland Act , 1975 The Licensing Act , 1976 The Divorce Act , 1979 Sale of goods Act , 1996 Emloyment rights Act .。

HND商法导论outcome1

1 Sources of modern Scots Law.Statute law,common law and European Union law2 How do you describe the doctrine of judicial precedent? Examples of judicial precedent.It means that a judge can make law when there aren't legislation or precedents for him to use to deal with the case in his hand. In doing so, the judge or judges listen to arguments of all parties to decide which view of law is right. This case is called test case. They make their decision and then future judges should follow the reasoning in the test case . Not all the judges have the authority to make precedents. Junior judges usually can not do this. Ruling made by superior court must be followed by lower court.3 Which is more powerful: the Westminster Parliament or the Scottish Parliament? Why? The Westminster Parliament is superior. On the one hand, Scottish Parliament passes laws within the power conferred by the Westminster. On the other hand, the Westminster can abolish Scottish Parliament by passing an act.4 What is a statute?A statute is where a legislation is written down. A legislation made by parliament is called Act of Parliament, and also known as a statute.5 Name five Acts of Parliame nt.6 What are the main differences between civil and criminal law in Scotland? Criminal law is to maintain law and order by punishing criminals. The punishments includes imprisonment and fine and so on. Civil law is to resolve legal disputes between individuals such as divorce, personal injury, contractual disputes, sale of goods, etc. Criminal and civil cases are dealt with by different courts, who use different proof rules and follow different procedure.7 What is a crime? (You should list four examples of criminal behaviour) A crime is a kind of behaviour which threatens or destroys social security and should be punished by the state. Murder, rape, treason, theft, manslaughter, robbery, bribery, fraud, etc.8 Examples of a civil dispute. Contractual disputes, employment disputes, debt recovery, divorce, personal injury, land diputes9 If any conflicts between Scots and European Union Law, which one should the Scottish Courts follow? Why? European Union law. The UK is now a member of the EU. In order to enjoy the benefit as a member, the UK must obey the EU law. The UK has passed an act to confirm its membership and accepted that the EU law shall be superior to its domestic law.10 List the four most important institutions of the European Union and Which of them has law-making powers?1 The Council of Ministers.2 The European Parliament.3 The European Court of Justice.4 The European Commission.The Council of Ministers and the European Parliament has law-making powers.1 Examples of The European Union can make legal rules. Regulations, Directives, Decisions, Recommendations and Opinions2 “the primacy of European Union Law”? It means that when there is a conflict between EU law and Scots law, a Scottish court implements the EU law instead of Scots law.4 What is …legislation‟? Legislation refers to laws passed by the parliaments. These laws are Acts of Parliament. Besides, there is delegated legislation, which is made by bodies lower than the parliaments and authorized by the parliaments.5 Which of the two legislative bodies is more important? The Westminster Parliament is more important than The Scottish Parliament.6 What does the XXX (Scotland) Act mean? It means that this legislation is made by Scottish Parliament and applys to Scotland only.8 What is the burden of proof in a criminal trial which a prosecutor must achieve in order to convict the accused? The prosecutor must clearly prove the accused is guilty beyond any reasonable doubt.9 What is …common law‟? Common law is an important part of the unwritten law of Scotland. It includes judicial precedents, custom, equity and institutional writings.。

SQA——HND——商法导论——outcome1 答案

hnd 员工申诉outcome1

1.According to best practice, what should be the contents of a formal grievanceprocedure?Employees in content appeal management can be roughly divided into: appeal with appeal requirements, content and range appeal ways and means, appeal, appeal and complaint handling with responsibility.1.The content and scope and appeal petition demands and mainexplanation is: employees in the following circumstances appealo are only legal. Superior have corruption, bribery, theft, such asthe international peacekeeper behavior abusing power; Superiorhave sold, leak the harm such as enterprise behavior; Superiorabuse of power, with the major of appeal of injustice; Superiorpecans command will cause serious potential accident; Enterpriseadministrative sanctions; encroach worker legal rights Staffassignments conditions will harm worker healthy; Other seriousunreasonable behavior. The appeal of the above situationemployees as power is also obligations.2.Appeal ways and means refers to: the plaintiff may take interview,letters (signed) ways appeal. The plaintiff according to acceptcomplaints of the object can deal with problems and justicecredible complaints degree chooses to accept complaints object.The plaintiff may appeal to the relevant multi-level administrativedepartment or appeal. The enterprise internal can't handle relevantgovernment law enforcement to appeal or an arbitrationcommission.plaint handling refers to: accept the plaintiff in investigationand evidence collection process should be based on swift,confidentiality, objective principle, relevant departments mustactively cooperate. All who are investigating personnel musttruthfully, and the investigation items claiming compensation isconfidential. Every level superior and in charge of relevantdepartments shall accept complaints in the stipulated time, make adecision within the plaintiff is must perform such as obedienceaward. The human resources department, be entitled to acceptcomplaints for employees to defend, have the right to represent itsadministrative leadership or staff relevant administrativedepartments shall know details about the date of the provisionswithin the plaintiff obey mediation conciliation, make is must becarried out. If the mediation disaffected, can continue to relevantlaw enforcement or the arbitration committee appeal.2.Read the case study about ‘Universal Journals’and using the backgroundoutlined, together with your knowledge and understanding of handling grievance in the workplace, answer the following questions:a.Nick at the company that he did not get what he wants job, he thought he did a good job in the company should not be subject to such unfair treatment. And in this matter, to be informed in late, have not been in the company due attention and respect. Martha Brown, and he thinks there is no justice for him, and bias against him, and told him to not clear how to do it, Nick did not do a very good communication and exchange.b.Martha Brown－NickMartha should tell Nick what to do, but Martha and it should be pointed out that no time, Nick mistake criticism, Nick. When Nick mistakes should be timely points out, Nick mistake. Let Nick to realize his own mistake.Nick－Martha BrownNick has not said own idea to Martha Brown, has not adopted the very good communication. Is only accuses Martha Brown the management fault.Jennifer Miller－Martha Brown，NickMartha Brown did not timely report to Jennifer Miller on the Martha Brown himself and the problems between employees, there is no communication, and Jennifer Mille how solutions should be the question about Nick. Jennifer Miller did not specifically ask Martha Brown and the staff have any questions directly, and employees have no one to one exchange. Jennifer Miller did not ask Nick and his superiors in a timely manner any problems, there is no good some of the issues concerned with subordinatesc.Company does not have a clear evaluation system, and the company does not have a description of staff responsibilities. The staff and management of the system are not strict. Human Resource staff in the recruitment system is not clear and not rigorous.Lack of clarity in the company's rules and regulations, and management of the company do not have good management training. It led to poor communication between management and staff issues.d.Nick: should be timely and the company's management or their superiors to take communication and exchange, to avoid unnecessary conflicts. Then they have a strict requirement to do things seriously, pro-active to complete their work.Martha Brown: Nick should be told how to do it in time, and know to tell him what to do. Nick pointed out the error and on an appropriate criticism of Nick, so Nick aware of their mistakes. Although the company does not have a clear evaluation system, but Martha Brown should make a written record of evidence.Jennifer Miller: Jennifer Miller Martha Brown should do training in the management, and Martha Brown and Nick thing to do for a further discussion. After receipt of the application and Nick communication and exchange, promptly inform the development of Nick's things, and the best chance of an interview given to Nick. Or after the election of the new assistant, and Nick for a communication.e.ⅰ:If the company aspect hoped that has a very good solution way with Nick, the company aspect should have a good communication with Nick, and gives a Nick positive apology statement. For a Nick new position trades a work the environment. And rises in salary. Or gives a leave of absence the opportunity and the training opportunityⅱ:The company must consummate company's rules and regulations and the appraisal system. Training management work staff. Then must give a detailed positiondescription in each work position. Finally must certainly consummate oneself company's employment advertise procedure.ing examples from the case study, explain how a formal grievanceprocedure can contribute to the resolution of conflict and to the improvement of organizational performance.Formal appeals process in the company is very important. If the company in recognized in the system and management, what are the inappropriate words and make timely corresponding solutions. Will reduce the staff of the company, the company produces dissatisfaction and better complete responsibility he ought to do work. This company will reduce unnecessary trouble. Reduce processing trouble time, improve the efficiency of the management of the company and work efficiency. The effective management of employees will give the company reduce unnecessary losses, won't waste time on management staff. But in the time better use of how to improve the company's economic profits. Solved the employee in aspects of management, the company can decrease greatly some trivial management program. Regulators also will in the shortest possible time solving the staff's problems, allowing employees to the company's discontent and eliminating doubts. For his work on the company into better energy. Help company to get a maximum profit. So a company in staff management has a good management system of the company is own business interests do a good protection. Because they have a very good employee management system so they won't lead to employees of the company, will let staff thoroughly discontent in working to have a very good job security.。