GRE issue例子总结
GRE_issue万能例子
GRE Analytical Writing 新鲜例子(1)Sarah Brightman 莎拉.布莱曼(就是音乐剧《猫》里唱MEOMORY那个)这个可以写determination什么的She was a workaholic from an early age, never waste a minute of time.Straight from school, she went to ballet lessons. When she got home at eight, she went to bed. She got up at four in the morning to do her homework and then began the schedule all over again.When she was a teenager, she decided to try her hand, or her vocals, at singing. （2）Prisoner Abuse 虐囚事件（伊拉克战争的那个丑闻）可以写媒体的题材Since the “60 Minutes II”broadcast, pictures of abuse have been posted on the Internet and shown on television stations worldwide.一些有用的词汇：Watergate (这个都知道)Zipper gate（这是说克林顿的）Enron gate（这是说小布什）Muckraker 专门报道丑闻的记者the Forth Estate 第四阶级，在美国媒体被称为第四权力或第四阶级（3）A Message to Garcia 致加西亚的信（前两年很火的书）It is not book-learning young men need, nor instruction about this and that, but a stiffening of the vertebrae which will cause them to loyal to a trust, to act promptly, concentrate their energies: do the thing.(4)Nictzche尼采这厮有句名言：“One has to pay dearly for immortality. One has to die several times while one is still alive.”可以用在写毅力什么个人品质的~（5）William Hung 孔庆祥（这人前两年可是火得不行~）American Idol 美国偶像（超女就是中国版的美国偶像）Lovable loser 可爱的失败者He didn’t survive the first cut. His performance was interrupted by Simon Cowell (评委), You can’t dance. You can’t sing. So what do you want me to say?Hung earnestly and humbly replied: I already gave my best, and I have no regret at all.这个可以用在尝试，失败之类的题目上。
GRE_issue例子总结
我在准备issue过程中用到的查到的一些词及词组，我发现在引用例子的时候很多时候是知道用中文怎么说却常常被一个词的英文说法而难住了，所以我就一个个都查了出来，可能不能满足大家所有的要求，也希望对大家有点帮助吧，祝大家杀G成功：１）The flight of Apollo 11; lunar landing mission ，阿波罗１１号的登月计划另外，Apollo 13号的登月很惊险，大家可能都知道吧？看过电影“阿波罗１３”的人都知道这段历史吧？不知道的兄弟姐妹上百度搜一下就知道啦！，还有，“挑战者号”Challenger；哥伦比亚号Columbia２）杨氏双缝实验（大学物理讲过的，呵呵）：Young’ double-slit experiment，严格来说，这个实验是用classical theory cannot explain，这里面涉及到quantum theory，即量子理论，我不是学物理的，但是据我查的资料上说，其实人类对量子理论并没有完全地明白，也没法用它解释一切，这个观点我觉得可能用来说明人类的认识过程是由不知到知的认识过程，要用发展的眼光来看问题。
３）火星登月计划：Mars Exploration Rover Mission which costs $425 million every year for the assembly, test and launch process which is just the same amount as it costs to the film Titanic and Pearl Harbor，哇，够狠，老美有钱！另外，moon rover是月球车的意思，同理Mars rover．４）Manhattan Project，曼哈顿计划，就是当年Einstein 和Oppenheimer（奥本海默，这小子狠，被称为原子弹之父，一定要记住，这小子在听说美国在对Hiroshima，即日本广岛投原子弹之后，曾感叹自己当初不应该研制原子弹which给人类带来了灾难，科技与人性的题目能用到）５）多利Dolly，不用说了，我想顺着这只名羊提一提关于基因工程( genetic engineering)，转基因技术：transgenics，人体胚胎：human embryo，ＤＮＡ分子双螺旋结构：the double-helix structure of DNA,还有两个牛人，就是发现ＤＮＡ分子双螺旋结构的沃森和克里克,Waston and Crick６）二战纳粹德国在活人上做实验，用大量的犹太妇女人活体实验为的是研制避孕药（oral contraceptive）７）关于丑闻：Bill Clinton’s sexual scandal with Monica Lewinsky；Nixon’s Watergate scandal；兴奋剂：stimulant；猥亵（针对那个把自己黑皮染白的那个小子的）：v. molest; n. molestation；Kobe Bryant Rape case;８）垃圾邮件：不要再说junk mail啦，老土！有个更native的词：spam，记住哟！９）环境问题：氟利昂：freon，臭氧层：ozonosphere/ ozone layer，臭氧空洞：ozone hole；赤潮：red tide １０）关于美国总统：刺杀总统；岂今为止，美国一共有四位总统被刺杀，第一位是Abraham Lincoln,最后一位是John F. Kennedy，还有许多刺杀未遂的，比如刺杀Roosevelt，Truman等等，这可以被用来例子表明领导者不可能让每一个人都满意．另外，罗斯福是个残疾人，大家知道吧？脊髓灰质炎导致坐在轮椅上，不过他并不是小时候得的病，挺奇怪，小儿麻痹并不是像我们想象的那样只能小时候得谈到杜鲁门，我得多说一句，当年美国的曼哈顿计划是罗斯福批的，知道美国要研究原子弹的人并不多，甚至许多后来参加研制的科学家都不知道自己在从事什么研究工作，保密工作做的相当严密，以致后来罗斯福下台，杜鲁门上台的时候都不知道美国已经研制出了原子弹．１１）北美最大范围的停电：blackout (or power failure )in eastern US and Canada，人类对科技依赖的例证．１２）巨牛的深蓝电脑，就是下棋的那个Deep Blue，是IBM的电脑，有２５６个processor，另外IBM还有个别称Big Blue１３）直线加速器linear accelerator，回旋加速器cyclotron accelerator１４）永动机perpetual motion machine１５）名人Albeit Einstein：photo electronic effect (光电效应) ；question classical mechanics, quantum theory,不要墨守成规stick to conventions,头脑要灵活，不能太固执adamant/ obstinate/ stubborn/ headstrong，质能方程：mass-energy equationGalileo: did experiment on Leaning Tower of Pisa to discover law of uniform acceleration of falling bodies; discovered that moon shines with reflected light; denounced for advocating Copernican system ;was later tried by Inquisition(宗教法庭) and forced to recant（改变信仰）; 哥白尼Copernicus，日心说：sun-centered system地心说：earth-centered system，布鲁诺Bruno，火刑be burned at stakeIsaac Newton：经典力学classical mechanics, 万有引力universal gravitation，be inspired by the falling apple;stand on the shoulders of giantsHegel 黑格尔: 1770－1831 German philosopher; his dialectic process for reconciling opposites influenced Existentialists, Marx, etc.Karl Marx 的辩证唯物主义来自于黑格尔的辩证法dialectic 和费尔巴哈Feuerbach的唯物论Vincent van Gogh：梵高，作品sunflowerMonet莫奈作品sunriseSteven Hawking: British theoretical physicist noted for his research into the origin of the universe. His work influenced the development of the big bang（宇宙大爆炸理论）and black hole（黑洞）theoryMandela（曼德拉）, （struggle against segregation in South Africa）the South African black political leader and former president, was awarded 1993 Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts to antiracism and antiapartheid. Nelson Mandela is one of the great moral and political leaders of our time: an international hero whose lifelong dedication to the fight against racial oppression in South Africa won him the Nobel Peace Prize and the presidency of his country. Since his triumphant release in 1990 from more than a quarter-century of imprisonment, Mandela has been at the centre of the most compelling and inspiring political drama in the world. He is revered everywhere as a vital force in the fight for human rights and racial equality.Beethoven, the German Composer, began to lose his hearing in 1801 and was entirely deaf by 1819. However, this obstacle could not keep him from becoming one of the most famous and prolific composers in art history. His music, including 9 symphonies, 5 piano concertos, several senates and so on, forms a transition from classical to romantic composition. Individual, Companies, Leadership and Internal controlDiscriminating services may cause misunderstanding and unpleasant result.The best example is [Toshiba |, one of the largest Japanese companies. In 2000, the Company announced that among notebook computers it produced, one model had serious defect. Users in North America could choose either replacements with an upgraded model or full refund. However, no such offer for users in China. Chinese users were outraged at the company's discrimination and refused to use any of Toshiba's notebook computers. What the company lost is not only the temporary revenue but also the consumer's confidence, which contribute to the long-term success of the company.Roosevelt: the 32nd president and the only president elected for 4th terms (1933-45); developed reforms and projects known as the New Deal. Under his sagacious leadership, America successfully walked out the shadow of Recession and conquered the notorious fascism in the Second World War. And according to a poll conducted at Harvard in 1950, Roosevelt is highly renowned as one of the greatest president of American, ranking only after Washington and Lincoln.Washington: 1st president of the U.S. (1789-1797); established many precedents that permanently shaped the character of the office of president; universally regarded as father of his country. Abraham Lincoln: 16th president of the U.S. (1861-65); successfully preserved the Union during the American Civil War; issued Emancipation Proclamation freeing all slaves in rebelling states; made famous address dedicating cemetery at Gettysburg; assassinated five days after end of Civil War.Jefferson: chief author of Declaration of Independence (1776); 3d president of the U.S. (1801*09); purchased Louisiana from France, sent Lewis and Clark to explore it; prohibited importation of slaves; instrumental in founding U. of Virginia. From him we can see the importance initially laid upon education. He required his progenies to carve such epitaph on his tombstone as ‘chief author of Declaration of Independence; author of the Freedom Law of Religion in Virginia; Father of the Virginia Uni.’ Without mentioning of his presidenc y. It reflected vividly what a status of education in Jefferson’s heart and this status was inherited by his successors. It is why American’s being super power of the world today.Wright Brothers(怀特兄弟):It lasted only 12 seconds, but those 12 seconds changed history. On December 17, 1903, two brothers named Orville and Wilbur Wright made the first airplane flight 哥俩的飞机就在天上呆了１２秒.Marie Curie: probed the mysteries of radioactivity and X rays. In 1903, she and her husband won the Nobel Prize in physics, one of the most important awards in science. In 1911, Marie Curie won a second Nobel Prize, this time in chemistry. She is one of very few people in history to win two Nobel prizes.Martin Luther King, Jr. I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character. I have a dream today!”Captain James Cook : sailed around the world twice. He was the first European to reach Hawaii and New ZealandOsama bin LadenConfucius孔子，Mencius孟子１６）偷窥：peep，窃听: wiretap１７）颁布法律：enact a law１８）弱肉强食：the law of jungle１９）路易十六Louis XVI，就是被最终砍头（be guillotined）的那个法国国王。
GREIssue常用例证
2．Bail out General Motors。
GM是美国生产制造业的象征，它的破产，不仅会导致GM几十万工人失业，还会导致整个产业链上（Raw materials industry such as steel，rubber，tires，spare parts manufacturers，distributers，repair shops）的几百万人失业，加剧金融危机，这是联邦政府所不能坐视不管的。
因此美国政府收购GM股权，对其资产注入，成为大股东。
使得GM通过破产保护与重组获得新生（Rising from the ashes through bankruptcy protection and restructuring），保证美国人就业。
3．Martin Luther King, Jr. (January 15, 1929 – April 4, 1968) was one of the pivotal leaders of the American civil rights movement. King was a Baptist minister, one of the few leadership roles available to black men at the time. He became a civil rights activist early in his career. He led the Montgomery Bus Boycott (1955–1956) and helped found the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (1957), serving as its first president. His efforts led to the 1963 March on Washington, where King delivered his ―I Have a Dream‖ speech. Here he raised public consciousness of the civil rights movement and established himself as one of the greatest orators in U.S. history. In 1964, King became the youngest person to receive the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts to end segregation and racial discrimination through civil disobedience and other non-violent means.King was assassinated on April 4, 1968, in Memphis, Tennessee. He was posthumously awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Jimmy Carter in 1977. Martin Luther King, Jr. Day was established as a national holiday in the United States in 1986. In 2004, King was posthumously awarded a Congressional Gold Medal.4. Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela (IPA: [xoˈliɬaɬa manˈdeːla]; born 18 July 1918 in Transkei, South Africa)[1] is a former President of South Africa, the first to be elected in a fully representative democratic election, who held office from 1994–99. Before his presidency, Mandela was an anti-apartheid activist, and the leader of the African National Congress's armed wing Umkhonto we Sizwe. The South African courts convicted him on charges of sabotage, as well as other crimes committed while he led the movement against apartheid. In acc ordance with his conviction, Mandela served 27 years in prison, spending many of these years on Robben Island. He is currently a celebrated elder statesman who continues to voice his opinion on topical issues. In South Africa he is often known as Madiba, an honorary title adopted by elders of Mandela's clan. The title has come to be synonymous with Nelson Mandela.Following his release from prison on 11 February 1990, Mandela supported reconciliation and negotiation, and helped lead the transition towards multi-racial democracy in South Africa. Since the end of apartheid, many have frequently praised Mandela, including former opponents. Mandela has received more than one hundred awards over four decades, most notably the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993.7. Charles Darwin(1809-1882) was an English naturalist and author. His Origin of Species (1859) and Decent of Men (1871) exerted a strong impact in the history of Western thought. In his books, Darwin hypothesized that over the millennia man had evolved from lower forms of life. Humans were special, not because God had created them in His image, but because they had successfully adapted to changing environmental conditions and had passed on their survival?making characteristics genetically. Survival of the fittest is the fact or principle of the survival of the forms of plant and animal life best fitted for existing conditions, while related but less fit forms become extinct.Charles DarwinNaturalist1809 -1882I have called this principle, by whicheach slight variation, if useful, is preserved,by the term Natural Selection.—Charles Darwin from "The Origin of Species"Charles Robert Darwin was born on February 12, 1809 in Shrewsbury, England. He was the fifth child and second son of Robert Waring Darwin and Susannah Wedgwood. Darwin was the British naturalist who became famous for his theories of evolution and natural selection. Like several scientists before him, Darwin believed all the life on earth evolved (developed gradually) over millions of years from a few common ancestors.From 1831 to 1836 Darwin served as naturalist aboard the H.M.S. Beagle on a British science expedition around the world. In South America Darwin found fossils of extinct animals that were similar to modern species. On the Galapagos Islands in the Pacific Ocean he noticed many variations among plants and animals of the same general type as those in South America. The expedition visited places around the world, and Darwin studied plants and animals everywhere he went, collecting specimens for further study.Upon his return to London Darwin conducted thorough research of his notes and specimens. Out of this study grew several related theories: one, evolution did occur; two, evolutionary change was gradual, requiring thousands to millions of years; three, the primary mechanism for evolution was a process called natural selection; and four, the millions of species alive today arose from a single original life form through a branching process called "speciation."Darwin's theory of evolutionary selection holds that variation within species occurs randomly and that the survival or extinction of each organism is determined by that organism's ability to adapt to its environment. He set these theories forth in his book called, On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life (1859) or "The Origin of Species" for short. After publication of Origin of Species, Darwin continued to write on botany, geology, and zoology until his death in 1882. He is buried in Westminster Abbey.Darwin's work had a tremendous impact on religious thought. Many people strongly opposed the idea of evolution because it conflicted with their religious convictions. Darwin avoided talking about the theological and sociological aspects of his work, but other writers used his theories to support their own theories about society. Darwin was a reserved, thorough, hard working scholar who concerned himself with the feelings and emotions not only of his family, but friends and peers as well.It has been supposed that Darwin renounced evolution on his deathbed. Shortly after his death,temperance campaigner and evangelist Lady Elizabeth Hope claimed she visited Darwin at his deathbed, and witnessed the renunciation. Her story was printed in a Boston newspaper and subsequently spread. Lady Hope's story was refuted by Darwin's daughter Henrietta who stated, "I was present at his deathbed ... He never recanted any of his scientific views, either then or earlier."。
GRE-issue写作之自己总结的万能例子
RenaissanceFor example, the helpless fate can be felt from the tragedy works, written by Shakespeare. Mona Lisa, created by Beethoven, revealed the mysterious and implicit smile.Although works completed by different artists and writers revealed slight variations in the access, performing form, and social aspect focusing on, as far as common theme and hidden ideas were concerned, the obvious similries to each other seemed much more than any of the minute differences, namely, resisting the feudalization and corrupt institution and enlightening freedom of human being. This is called “Renaissance” in the history.Genetic engineering迄今为止，基因工程还没有用于人体，但已在从细菌到家畜的几乎所有非人生命物体上做了实验，并取得了成功。
事实上，所有用于治疗糖尿病的胰岛素都来自一种细菌，其ＤＮＡ中被插入人类可产生胰岛素的基因，细菌便可自行复制胰岛素。
基因工程技术使得许多植物具有了抗病虫害和抗除草剂的能力；在美国，大约有一半的大豆和四分之一的玉米都是转基因的。
目前，是否该在农业中采用转基因动植物已成为人们争论的焦点：支持者认为，转基因的农产品更容易生长，也含有更多的营养（甚至药物），有助于减缓世界范围内的饥荒和疾病；而反对者则认为，在农产品中引入新的基因会产生副作用，尤其是会破坏环境。
GRE作文范例ISSUE段模板介绍
GRE作文范例ISSUE段模板介绍GRE作文困扰广大考生的难题之一是时间不够用.而写作模板则可以为考生省下不少构思的时间,腾出更多精力进行论证段的写作.今天小编给大家带来了GRE写作ISSUE5大开头结尾精选模板实例介绍,希望能够帮助到大家,一起来学习吧.GRE作文ISSUE开头段3大优质模板介绍GREISSUE作文的开头方式比较常见的有这3种:直接陈述观点+概述理由;比较双方观点,阐明自己观点;背景开头+立场.下面我们逐一来看一下3种方式的具体模板:1. 开门见山亮观点讲道理I agree with the speaker s broad assertion that money spent on research isgenerally well invested. However, the speaker unnecessarily e_tends this broadassertion to embrace research whose results are controversial, while ignoringcertain compelling reasons why some types of research might be unjustifiable. Mypoints of contention with the speaker involve the fundamental objectives andnature of research, as discussed below.例文中先支持原文观点:把钱话在研究上是很好的投资;然后转折:结果有争议的研究可以不包含在投资范围的;最后,引出下文要论述的理由.2. 对比观点后给出自己观点There is much debate over the universal issues whether or not tradition andmodernization are incompatible. Some people may claim that they necessarilyconflict with each other, while others argue that the two are not mutuallye_clusive. Insofar as I can think, the best way is to coordinate them and e_erttheir own advantages for contemporary society.第一句改写题目,第二句比较两种立场,第三句提出自己的观点.这种开头比较简单易学,也是同学们比较常用的开头方式,需要注意的是在点明自己的观点的时候,最好把下文中要进行分层论证的关键词结合到句子里面,比如上述例子中的coordinate;e_ert their own advantages,可以起到引领下文,令文章结构严谨的作用.3. 引述题目背景再摆明立场E_plosive development of science and technology has been made during thepast one hundred years or so. When it comes to progress of the condition ofhumanity all over the world, there are always a host of different opinions heldby different individuals from different areas. Have, you may wonder, thetechnology developments or innovations contributed to promoting our humanity?Admittedly, most people would consider that there are still so many troubleswith us such as poverty, violence, conflicts and even wars. However, as a wholeeffect in general, technology progress has in fact, tend to lead to asignificant promotion of the overall condition of humanity in the world.第一步,先做背景引入,第二步提出自己的立场.这种开头方式的优点呢,是可以体现写作者的知识储备和语言水平,但是缺点是不如上述的两种方法简单易学,在做与题目相关的背景展开的时候容易落入俗套.所以,同学们在练习的时候需要选择适合自己的方法.GRE作文ISSUE结尾段高分模板介绍ISSUE的结尾段最大的作用就是起到结构完整的作用,加上答题时间有限,因此,结尾段不需要再花费额外的精力来提出新观点了,只需要对文章做一个结构上的总结就可以了.下面的2个结尾段的句式,同学们可以根据自己的喜好,将句子改写成自己的写作模板,切记对任何句子和范文不要原模原样照搬,防止发生雷同,造成成绩无效的严重后果.1. 总结观点和论述理由To sum up, given the reasons mentioned above, we may safely come to theconclusion that…. not only because…, but also because…, but it depends on...2. 呼应开头题目观点并强调自己观点In sum, I concede that….Nonetheless, to some e_tent…, the speaker s claimoverrates/underrates the importance o f sth…. In the final analysis, the optimalapproach, in my view, is a balanced one that ….GRE写作:具体分类1.只分了大类,可操作性差.比如_DF的分类,总共就只有8个,但是光写8篇作文又肯定是不够的.这就需要我们每一类下面还要根据写法和内容而具体分成各种小类,以达到一个小分类只写一篇的目的.笔者在手头资料的基础上,总结出涵盖了ISSUE全部题库的23个小类.在复习的时候,大家最少只要写20-23篇作文就可以完成ISSUE作文题库全覆盖的复习任务了,既放心又省力.2.分类中的题目描述过于啰嗦,不便于一眼看出题目的联系.市面上GRE的复习材料已经这么多,在复习的时候我们应该更多地做减法.比如作文这里,既然在网上就能很方便地找到翻译好的题库,又何苦在每个分类里把双语题目都打进去?但是只放题目,不放题号的话,又容易漏题出错,更不利于复习.笔者的解决方案,是在大类上体现出这一类的共性,题号后面则用中文简练地总结这一道题目的特性.3.分类不完整,或者题号有错误.这是最致命的错误.我最初在练习的时候,就随便选了一个题库,开始准备提纲.结果准备到一半,忽然发现分类题库里有很重要的几道高频没包括进来,又有几道题由于题号错误而分错了类.一怒之下,笔者对着ETS 官网上的作文题库编号一道一道地把手里的作文题号和题目对清楚.这绝对是市面上最完整的ISSUE作文分类,没有之一!分类开始:近期长期A.一举成名 OR 踏实努力?年轻人 51.71先做后想 61政府 _研究者 _9B.经济发展 VS 环境/文化艺术法律保护保护区 10._5._8濒危物种 31.63.67历史遗迹 _9教育大学教育:A. 应该政府出钱 _.25家长应该在学校多花时间 81.95B.多样性学生应该出国留学 82.97.100._3学生应该多选副科 _.46.70.1_._2._0教师应该出去工作V.S.只教学 73教师薪水应当与学生成绩挂钩 30.83编制课程:政府应当统一课程 6._.96._6应当按学生兴趣设置课程 40.47.90应当注重知识还是想象力? 54想象文学.1_知识经验.1_._6特殊教育: 天才是否应当设置特殊课程 37C.教育的目的解放思维 _.68GRE写作:满分经验决定考G本来就是一时冲动的结果,因为对于我来说要付出巨大的时间成本,并且接受短期内得不到任何实际的收益这一事实.然而,当我看到很多同学纷纷加入到考G行列中,自己也鼓足勇气参加了,就算是为了一个梦,为了自己的将来能有多一点的选择,能够为机会多做尝试.备考的过程我并没有经历太多的辛酸和劳苦,我很佩服一些学院的同学要在期末顶着论文.实验.期末考试等种.种压力复习备考,我的大量时间大概和大多数人一样花在了单词上.红宝书翻过几遍已经不记得了,也翻过barron slist(但事实证明效果并不好).至于说技巧或者经验,在这里我也只能谈一谈我对这个考试的一点感受,希望能给其他同学一点启发.作文:不要轻视argument能拿满分对于我来说很意外.关于字数,当时我的情况大概是:〝issue500+〞,〝argument600+〞也许大家都在奇怪为什么我argument能写的比issue多,其实我想告诉大家不要看轻argument,不要因为它容易就倾向性的少付出努力,不要忘记评分的时候两部分的权重是一样的.argument的模版大家应该见过很多,但在这里我想说的是既不要完全套用模版,因为这样会有雷同的危险,也不鼓励在文章结构上过分的创新,可以参考模版提供的结构.写作时不要让人感觉你是在〝码字儿〞,文章的思想和逻辑性永远是最重要的,也是拿高分的关键.所以在开头和结尾的评价总结性语句中,你要注意和你在正文中的分析是否匹配,所谓匹配不在于用几个专业定性的词汇,而是要在细节上完美对应.当然把握这一点并不容易,因为涉及到用词和表达能力,在这一点上就要看你个人的水平了,词不在于华丽,而是要准确并且前后一致,并且尽量减少重复.Issue也是一样,我一直觉得要〝意在笔先〞,作文最重要的是你要有话可说,这就是为什么在字数上争论没有意义了,你的观点立意一般,你又没有太多的话可说,字数自然上不去,随意的拼凑不见得能拿高分.关于issue还有一点要说,就是宁愿往深里写也不要扩大范围的泛泛而谈.我写的题目是关于英雄反映了一个社会的价值观的,整篇文章我只引用了MichaelJordan这一个例子,当然在选例子的时候也要有讲究.我看到很多人花很多时间和精力搜集素材,写文章的时候喜欢方方面面地进行列举,我不大赞同这样的做法,因为如果例子不是你熟悉的,引用起来也只能停留在浅层次,而没有深度.语文:多做新题目能拿到600分,完全靠的是我阅读的功底,还有一点运气,因为这次阅读相对简单.考试当天没能够跨区对我来说损失很大,很多题目就是一念之差.所以在这里要提醒大家珍惜做新题目的新鲜感,而不要把过多的时间花在反复看已经解决好了的老题目上.这次G6的类反比并不难,既没有偏词怪词,也没有考什么特别的逻辑关系,但是从题目到题支都很少有和过去题目重复的地方.这就是为什么要大家这样做的原因.GRE。
GREissue写作之自己总结的万能例子
RenaissanceFor example, the helpless fate can be felt from the tragedy works, written by Shakespeare. Mona Lisa, created by Beethoven, revealed the mysterious and implicit smile.Although works completed by different artists and writers revealed slight variations in the access, performing form, and social aspect focusing on, as far as common theme and hidden ideas were concerned, the obvious similries to each other seemed much more than any of the minute differences, namely, resisting the feudalization and corrupt institution and enlightening freedom of human being. This is called “Renaissance” in the history.Genetic engineering迄今为止，基因工程还没有用于人体，但已在从细菌到家畜的几乎所有非人生命物体上做了实验，并取得了成功。
事实上，所有用于治疗糖尿病的胰岛素都来自一种细菌，其ＤＮＡ中被插入人类可产生胰岛素的基因，细菌便可自行复制胰岛素。
基因工程技术使得许多植物具有了抗病虫害和抗除草剂的能力；在美国，大约有一半的大豆和四分之一的玉米都是转基因的。
目前，是否该在农业中采用转基因动植物已成为人们争论的焦点：支持者认为，转基因的农产品更容易生长，也含有更多的营养（甚至药物），有助于减缓世界范围内的饥荒和疾病；而反对者则认为，在农产品中引入新的基因会产生副作用，尤其是会破坏环境。
gre考试写作部分issue的优秀写作实例
大多数人认为他们深信不疑的价值观是理*选择的结果，但是理智往往对于人们形成价值观几乎根本不起作用。
以下是gre考试写作部分issue的优秀写作实例通过这些优秀范文或是习作考生可以借鉴里面的短语句子或思路给自己的写作找一些思路和灵感
gre考试写作部分issue的优秀写作实例
以下是gre考试写作部分issue的优秀写作实例，通过这些优秀范文或是习作，考生可以借鉴里面的短语、句子或思路，给自己的写作找一些思路和灵感。
nowadaysthereincreasinglyarisesmuchconcernaboutwhetherreasonplaysaroleinpeopleformingvaluesornot.astheassertionpresentedbyspeakerthatmostpeoplethinkthattheirdeeplyheldvaluesaretheresultofrationalchoice,butreasonoftenhaslittletodowiththewaypeopleformvalues.nevertheless,inmyopinion,thedeeplybelievedvaluesaretheresultofrationalchoicebypeopleaswellastheirancestors.
firstofall,inthefaceofdifferentvalues,peopletendtochooseonebyconsideringthoroughlyandreasonably.onepopularexampleinvolvespeoplesrationalchoicetowardthe9.11terrorism.whenthetalibangovernmentproposedandspreadthevalueofterrorismbyattackingthepentagonbuilding,theamericansaswellasallotherpeace-loversstoodouttoexcoriatetheterrorismswiththeircold-bloodedandbrutalterrors.undeniably,mostpeoplechosepeaceratherthanterrorismbyreasonablethought.accordingly,itisviapeoplerational,logical,andprudentialchoicethatdeterminetoacceptorrejectthevaluesnewlyemerged.
GRE考试写作范文Issue汇总
GRE考试写作范文Issue汇总今日我搜集了一些GRE issue 的优秀范文，快来一起学习吧，下面我就和大家共享，来观赏一下吧。
.GRE考试写作范文IssueMost people recognize the benefits of individuality, but the fact is that personal economic success requires conformity.Personal economic success might be due either to ones investment strategy or to ones work or career. With respect to the former, non-conformists with enough risk tolerance and patience invariably achieve more success than conformists. With respect to the latter, while non-conformists are more likely to succeed in newer industries where markets and technology are in constant flux, conformists are more likely to succeed in traditional service industries ensconced in systems and regulations.Regarding the sort of economic success that results from investing ones wealth, the principles of investing dictate that those who seek risky investments in areas that are out of favor with the majority of investors ultimately reap higher returns than those who follow the crowd. It is conformists who invest, along with most other investors, in areas that are currently the most profitable, and popular. However, popular investments tend to be overpriced, and in the long run their values willcome down to reasonable levels. As a result, given enough time conformists tend to reap lower rewards from their investments than nonconformists do.Turning to the sort of economic success that one achieves by way of ones work, neither conformists nor non-conformists necessarily achieve greater success than the other group.In consumer-driven industries, where innovation, product differentiation and creativity are crucial to lasting success, non-conformists who take unique approaches tend to recognize emerging trends and to rise above their peers. For example, Ted Turners departure from the traditional format of the other television networks, and the responsiveness of Amazons Jeff Bezos to burgeoning Internet commerce, propelled these two non-conformists into leadership positions in their industries. Particularly in technology industries, where there are no conventional practices or ways of thinking to begin with, people who cling to last years paradigm, or to the status quo in general, are soon left behind by coworkers and competing firms.However, in traditional service industries--such as finance, accounting, insurance, legal services, and health care--personal economic success comes not to non-conformists but rather to those who can work most effectively within the constraints of established practices, policies and regulations. Of course, a clever idea for structuring a deal, ora creative legal maneuver, might play a role in winning smaller battles along the way. But such tactics are those of conformists who are playing by the same ground rules as their peers; winners are just better at the game.In conclusion, non-conformists with sufficient risk tolerance and patience are invariably the most successful investors in the long run. When it comes to careers, however, while non-conformists tend to be more successful in technology-and consumer-driven industries, traditionalists are the winners in system-driven industries pervaded by policy, regulation, and bureaucracy.GRE考试写作范文IssueWhat society has thought to be its greatest social, political, and individual achievements have often resulted in the greatest discontent.I strongly agree that great achievements often lead to great discontent. In fact, I would assert more specifically that great individual achievements can cause discontent for the individual achiever or for the society impacted by the achievement, or both. Nevertheless, it is important to acknowledge that whether a great achievement causes great discontent can depend on ones personal perspective, as well as the perspective of time.With respect to individual achievements, great achievers are by nature ambitious people and therefore tend to be dissatisfied anddiscontent with their accomplishments-no matter how great. Great athletes are compelled to try to better their record-breaking performances; great artists and musicians typically claim that their greatest work will be their next one--a sign of personal discontent. And many child protégés, especially those who achieve some measure of fame early in life, later suffer psychological discontent for having peaked so early. Perhaps the paradigmatic modern example of a great achievers discontent was Einstein, whose theoretical breakthroughs in physics only raised new theoretical conundrums which Einstein himself recognized and spent the last twenty years of his life struggling unsuccessfully to solve.Individual achievements can often result in discontent on a societal level. The great achievement of the individual scientists responsible for the success of the Manhattan Project resulted in worldwide anxiety over the threat of nuclear annihilation--a form of discontent with which the worlds denizens will forever be forced to cope. Even individual achievements that at first glance would appear to have benefited society turn out to be causes of great discontent. Consider the invention of the automobile, along with the innovations in manufacturing processes and materials that made mass production possible. As a result we have become a society enslaved to our cars, relying on them as crutches not only for transportation but also for affording us a false sense ofsocioeconomic status. Moreover, the development of assembly-line manufacturing has served to alienate workers from their work, which many psychologists agree causes a great deal of personal discontent.Turning from individual achievements to societal, including political, achievements, the extent to which great achievements have caused great discontent often depends on ones perspective. Consider, for example, Americas spirit of Manifest Destiny during the 19th Century, or British Imperialism over the span of several centuries. From the perspective of an Imperialist, conquering other lands and peoples might be viewed as an unqualified success. However, from the viewpoint of the indigenous peoples who suffer at the hands of Imperialists, these so-called achievements are the source of widespread oppression and misery, and in turn discontent, to which any observant Native American or South African native could attest.The extent to which great socio-political achievements have caused great discontent also depends on the perspective of time. For example, F.D.R.s New Deal was and still is considered by many to be one of the greatest social achievements of the 20th Century. However, we are just now beginning to realize that the social-security system that was an integral part of F.D.R.s social program will soon result in great discontent among those workers currently paying into the system but unlikely to see any benefits after they retire.To sum up, I agree that great achievements, both individual and socio-political, often result in great discontent. Moreover, great individual achievements can result in discontent for both the individual achiever and the society impacted by the achievement. Nevertheless, in measuring the extent of discontent, we must account for varying personal and political perspectives as well as different time perspectives.GRE考试写作范文IssueThe well-being of a society is enhanced when many of its people question authority.The speaker asserts that when many people question authority society is better off. While I contend that certain forms of disobedience can be harmful to any society, I agree with the speaker otherwise. In fact, I would go further by contending that societys well-being depends on challenges to authority, and that when it comes to political and legal authority, these challenges must come from many people.Admittedly, when many people question authority some societal harm might result, even if a social cause is worthy. Mass resistance to authority can escalate to violent protest and rioting, during which innocent people are hurt and their property damaged and destroyed. The fallout from the 1992 Los Angeles riots aptly illustrates this point. The authority which the rioters sought to challenge was that of the legal justice system which acquitted police officers in the beating of RodneyKing. The means of challenging that authority amounted to flagrant disregard for criminal law on a mass scale--by way of looting, arson, and even deadly assault. This violent challenge to authority resulted in a financially crippled community and, more broadly, a turning back of the clock with respect to racial tensions across America.While violence is rarely justifiable as a means of questioning authority, peaceful challenges to political and legal authority, by many people, are not only justifiable but actually necessary when it comes to enhancing and even preserving societys well-being. In particular, progress in human rights depends on popular dissension. It is not enough for a charismatic visionary like Gandhi or King to call for change in the name of justice and humanity; they must have the support of many people in order to effect change. Similarly, in a democracy citizens must respect timeless legal doctrines and principles, yet at the same time question the fairness and relevance of current laws. Otherwise, our laws would not evolve to reflect changing societal values. It is not enough for a handful of legislators to challenge the legal status quo; ultimately it is up to the electorate at large to call for change when change is needed for the well-being of society.Questioning authority is also essential for advances in the sciences. Passive acceptance of prevailing principles quells innovation, invention, and discovery, all of which clearly benefit any society. In fact, the verynotion of scientific progress is predicated on rigorous scientific inquiry--in other words, questioning of authority. History is replete with scientific discoveries that posed challenges to political, religious, and scientific authority. For example, the theories of a sun-centered solar system, of humankinds evolution from other life forms, and of the relativity of time and space, clearly flew in the face of authoritative scientific as well as religious doctrine of their time. Moreover, when it comes to science a successful challenge to authority need not come from a large number of people. The key contributions of a few individuals---like Copernicus, Kepler, Newton, Darwin, Einstein, and Hawking---often suffice.Similarly, in the arts, people must challenge established styles and forms rather than imitate them; otherwise, no gemtinely new art would ever emerge, and society would be worse off. And again, it is not necessary that a large number of people pose such challenges; a few key individuals can have a profound impact. For instance, modern ballet owes much of what is new and exciting to George Ballanchine, who by way of his improvisational techniques posed a successful challenge to established traditions. And modern architecture arguably owes its existence to the founders of Germanys Bauhaus School of Architecture, which challenged certain authoritative notions about the proper objective, and resulting design, of public buildings.To sum up, in general I agree that when many people question authority the well-being of society is enhanced. Indeed, advances in government and law depend on challenges to the status quo by many people. Nevertheless, to ensure a net benefit rather than harm, the means of such challenges must be peaceful ones.GRE考试写作范文IssueIt is the artist, not the critic, who gives society something of lasting value.This statement asserts that art, not the art critic, provides something of lasting value to society. I strongly agree with the statement. Although the critic can help us understand and appreciate art, more often than not, critique is either counterproductive to achieving the objective of art or altogether irrelevant to that objective.To support the statement the speaker might point out the three ostensible functions of the art critic. First, critics can help us understand and interpret art; a critic who is familiar with a particular artist and his or her works might have certain insights about those works that the layperson would not. Secondly, a critics evaluation of an art work serves as a filter, which helps us determine which art is worth our time and attention. For example, a new novel by a best-selling author might nevertheless be an uninspired effort, and if the critic can call our attention to this fact we gain time to seek out more worthwhileliterature to read. Thirdly, a critic can provide feedback for artists; and constructive criticism, if taken to heart, can result in better work.However, reflecting on these three functions makes clear that the art critic actually offers very little to society.The first function is better accomplished by docents and teachers, who are more able to enhance a laypersons appreciation and understanding of art by providing an objective, educated interpretation of it. Besides, true appreciation of art occurs at the moment we encounter art; it is the emotional, even visceral impact that art has on our senses, spirits, and souls that is the real value of art. A critic can actually provide a disservice by distracting us from that experience.The critics second function that of evaluator who filters out bad art from the worthwhile is one that we must be very wary of. History supports this caution. In the role of judge, critics have failed us repeatedly. Consider, for example, Voltaires rejection of Shakespeare as barbaric because he did not conform to neo-classical principles of unity. Or, consider the complete dismissal of Beethovens music by the esteemed critics of his time. The art critics judgment is limited by the narrow confines of old and established parameters for evaluation. Moreover, critical judgment is often misguided by the ego; thus its value is questionable in any event.I turn finally to the critics third function: to provide useful feedbackto artists. The value of this function is especially suspect. Any artist, or anyone who has studied art, would agree that true art is the product of the artists authentic passion, a manifestation of the artists unique creative impulse, and a creation of the artists spirit. If art were shaped by the concern for integrating feedback from all criticism, it would become a viable craft, but at the same time would cease to be art.In sum, none of the ostensible functions of the critic are of much value at all, let alone of lasting value, to society. On the other hand, the artist, through works of art, provides an invaluable and unique mirror of the culture of the time during which the work was produced a mirror for the artists contemporaries and for future generations to gaze into for insight and appreciation of history. The art critic in a subordinate role, more often than not, does a disservice to society by obscuring this mirror.11。
GRE issue万能例子
GRE Analytical Writing 新鲜例子(1)Sarah Brightman 莎拉.布莱曼(就是音乐剧《猫》里唱MEOMORY那个)这个可以写determination什么的She was a workaholic from an early age, never waste a minute of time.Straight from school, she went to ballet lessons. When she got home at eight, she went to bed. She got up at four in the morning to do her homework and then began the schedule all over again.When she was a teenager, she decided to try her hand, or her vocals, at singing.这是她一张专辑的封面,很美吧~（2）Prisoner Abuse 虐囚事件（伊拉克战争的那个丑闻）可以写媒体的题材Since the “60 Minutes II”broadcast, pictures of abuse have been posted on the Internet and shown on television stations worldwide.一些有用的词汇：Watergate (这个都知道)Zipper gate（这是说克林顿的）Enron gate（这是说小布什）Muckraker 专门报道丑闻的记者the Forth Estate 第四阶级，在美国媒体被称为第四权力或第四阶级（3）A Message to Garcia 致加西亚的信（前两年很火的书）It is not book-learning young men need, nor instruction about this and that, but a stiffening of the vertebrae which will cause them to loyal to a trust, to act promptly, concentrate their energies: do the thing.(4)Nictzche尼采这厮有句名言：“One has to pay dearly for immortality. One has to die several times while one is still alive.”可以用在写毅力什么个人品质的~（5）William Hung 孔庆祥（这人前两年可是火得不行~）American Idol 美国偶像（超女就是中国版的美国偶像）Lovable loser 可爱的失败者He didn’t survive the first cut. His performance was interrupted by Simon Cowell (评委), You can’t dance. You can’t sing. So what do you want me to say?Hung earnestly and humbly replied: I already gave my best, and I have no regret at all.这个可以用在尝试，失败之类的题目上。
自己整理的GRE issue中文例子
1．凯萨查維斯(Cesar Chavez)是一位墨西哥裔美国劳工运动者，也是联合农场工人的领袖。
二十世纪时，他是农场季节工人(migrant farm workers：为找工作四处迁徙的人)的主要发声人。
他坚韧的领导能力让全国人民注意到劳工的工作环境有多糟糕，最后，他们的工作环境终于因此而获得改善。
Cesar Chavez was a Mexican American labor activist and leader of the United Farm Workers. During the 20th century he was a leading voice for migrant farm workers (people who move from place to place in order to find work). His tireless leadership focused national attention on these laborers' terrible working conditions, which eventually led to improvements.2．Saint Joan of Arc圣女贞德英法大战中投入保卫祖国的队伍，统帅法军，终于打败了英国侵略者，成为法国人民爱国斗争的旗帜。
对民主自由的追求。
3．Martin Luther King对取消种族歧视的追求，其实反应了黑人美国社会对种族歧视的反抗。
4．Van Gogh梵高凡·高荷兰画家。
16岁时在海牙一家画店当店员，1873～1876年间在伦敦、巴黎分店工作。
几经波折后，1880年开始画素描和水彩画。
曾入布鲁塞尔学院学习，后在海牙师从A.莫夫。
因性好绘画，遂去巴黎找其弟画商特奥，得以了解印象主义和后印象主义。
1888年前往法国南方的阿尔勒，在15个月里画了200多幅油画。
GRE作文issue例子
GRE作文issue例子本来这篇也在那个系列里的，结果现在找不到了，还是发上来吧，现在大家都在准备GRE，给大家点帮助，自己攒人品考托福，哈哈！注：建议大家也自己总结一个这样的例子库，每个人熟悉的例子都不同，用你熟悉的例子论证各种不同问题才是王道。
hongranwin 整理政治范畴1：The Nixon's Watergate Affair 水门事件sex scandal of former president of America Bill Clinton政治与道德，丑闻与媒体2：二战：World War II, German ,Hitler 技术进步带来的战争，一战战胜国不平等条约带来的恶果，没有很好的引导民众思想，民族矛盾的激化，统一与分歧话题，科技与人道话题法西斯fascist战争赔款war indemnity民族主义nationalism3：林肯( Lincoln 1809-1865) 南北战争civil warAbraham Lincoln lead the civil war in order to emancipate the slaves, was also an honest boy since his childhood.Fear his wife.Be assassinated.以前法律保护奴隶主——破除不公平法律，服从人民意愿但也侵害了奴隶主的利益。
The Emancipation Proclamation abolished slavery in the United States.《解放黑人奴隶宣言》政治家是否应该服从大众（两方面都可以），服从传统与创新思想4: 罗斯福新政Roosevelt FranklinPromise of a New Deal for the American peopleStruggle out of the Great Depression 大萧条Roosevelt and Adolph Hitler took different measures when facing the problems of bi g depression such examples can be used in the dealing with diverse attitudes on th e problem of huge variation in society would lead to distinct results!服从历史与解决实际问题，在危局中的英明远见，是否服从大众，是否向群众隐藏信息5：马丁.路德.金Martin Luther King was a famous lawyer and leader of the Campaign of Civil Rights for Black in the United StatesDiscrimination勇于改变现实，坚持自己理想科技范畴：1：工业革命Industrial Revolution:技术改变生活方式，改变女性地位，机械替代人类劳动2：亚里士多德Aristotle Greek philosopherthe author of works on logic, metaphysics, ethics, natural sciences, politics, and poe tics, he profoundly influenced Western thoughtThe crystal ball model of universe在其哲学体系里，理论服从实地观察和逻辑，以三段论为基础，基本上是理性研究的理论方法博学通才与专才的关系，人类通过最初浅的观察描述世界，不完善的物理理论仍然被相信。
GREissue例子
18. Bill Gates 比尔•盖茨 比尔• Forbes magazine 福布斯杂志 The wealthiest person in the world Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation A charitable organization 慈善机构 AIDS prevention • 关于企业和个人关心其行为的社会效应的问题。 关于企业和个人关心其行为的社会效应的问题。
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5. Churchill 丘吉尔 Be troubled with stammer 小时候是结巴， 小时候是结巴，苦练成为著名演说家 6. Lincoln Civil War The leader of Federation 美国的hero 美国的hero
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
7. Jack Welch 杰克•韦尔奇 杰克• General Electric Company • 企业的leader 企业的leader • 8. Eisenhower 艾森豪威尔 Commander 军事上的leader 军事上的leader
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24.Tibet Tibetan antelopes 藏羚羊 25. The Blind Men and the Elephant 盲人摸象 A Hindoo fable Side —— wall Tusk —— spear Trunk —— snake Knee —— tree Ear —— fan Tail —— rope #a sense of the whole的重要性 whole的重要性
• 28. Arthur Anderson 安达信 Accounting firm 和安然Enron一起作假 和安然Enron一起作假 29. Gladiator 角斗士 Maximus 主人公名字 Republicanism奋斗 为Republicanism奋斗 西方的hero 西方的hero 30. Brave Heart 勇敢的心 Willian Wallace主人公名字 Wallace主人公名字 Scotland奋斗 为Freedom of Scotland奋斗 西方的hero 西方的hero
GRE issue 经典例子及句子
1.Since knowledge accumulated by generations concerning tackling with troubles of daily lifeprovides many useful and constructive suggestion to a man/woman of today. After all, there are too many similarities in daily lives between today and the past. 现在过去2.冰箱refrigerator：3.Traditionally, icehouses were used to provide cool storage for most of the year. The icehousetends to be placed near freshwater river or packed with ice or snow in winter. With the modernization technologies today, people invent refrigerator which develops the wisdoms of tradition using technologies of modernization. The example clearly illustrates that tradition and modernization is not completely incompatible for modernization inherits and further develops the tradition.4.Since no one lives in vacuum. And it’s the society that links one body with another, whichmakes the destiny of individual and the future of society inextricable related. Just as stud ying the history concerning our daily lives can help us make everyday living better, researching on the history regarding society or country can benefit the public as well, which is beneficial to common people in turn5.The Civil War. Lasting from 1861 to 1865, with over 600,000 soldiers died, the Civil Warended with the disappearance of the slavery in America. Now studying the history of American Civil War will enhance the creed that everyone should equally share the human rights and freedom in the mind of public, which contributes to protecting the rights of our daily lives. The example above illustrates that many beliefs that we take granted today may be a luxurious hope in the past, and history reminds ordinary people of the importance of those rights which support our democracy.美国内战6.After all, everything today all comes from the past; in other word, it’s the abundantknowledge and wisdoms of yesterday that make our daily lives. Those great events which played a significant role in history have involved in our spirit and culture today, so it’s our duty to research and learn them and pass them down generation after generation.7.The speaker asserts that the future of our society bases on the extent to which children aresocialized. Besides ，he shows his pessimistic prediction of the gloomy future, for the reason that we have yet raised children well socialized.8.Helen Adams Keller (June 27, 1880 –June 1, 1968) was an American author, politicalactivist and lecturer. She was the first deafblind person to earn a Bachelor of Arts degree.[1][2] The story of how Keller's teacher, Anne Sullivan, broke through the isolation imposed by a near complete lack of language, allowing the girl to blossom as she learned to communicate, has become known worldwide through the dramatic depictions of the play and film The Miracle Worker.9.Despite the merits of the statement, however, I disagree with the statement because itseems to imply two claims:10.immerged himself in efforts to achieve his dreams11.11. To demonstrate the importance of socializing children, it is vital to give a definition tosocialization.12.12 its members accustom themselves to negotiation or cooperation and hold a respectfulmanner to each other.13.13. After all, there are a myriad merits that children should possess to bring about a bettersociety. Intelligence, creativity, moral sense and some other factors of children also have aninfluence on the destiny of society.14.Arts which sum up the elements of artists’ sense and feeling reflect the elusiveenvironmental and spiritual matters.15.Keynes laid the foundation for the branch of economics termed “Macroeconomics” todaywhich is based on the theories of David Ricardo.16.Churchill was always hailed for his speeches which gave courage to an entire nation andinspired allied forces. Yet, it’s unimaginable that he was suffering from the stammer during his childhood.17.One apt illustration of this point involves the Nazism. In retrospect, many ethnic Germansfelt deeply committed to the goal of creating the greater Germany, which some believe required the use of military force to achieve. To a certain extent, the Second World War stems from the Germen’s exorbitant respect to the history of their nation and the origin of their race.18.Mendel, who is hailed as the father of genetics, prompted the foundation of geneticsthrough his study of the inheritance of traits in pea plants. But the significance of Me ndel’s work was not recognized until the turn of the 20th.19.arts as an indirect way to convey subtle feelings and ideas of the artists can reflect thehidden thoughts or impulses of a society. After all, there are some times in human history in which not all kinds of ideas can be expressed publicly, and arts are usually chosen to be an effective form to deliver the thoughts as a result.20.After all, arts which are shaped in the influence of the spiritual and environmental factorsconvey audiences the specific ideas, senses, and motions expressing the feeling of artist toward their inside and outside world.21.For example, there is a time that the public cannot accept the homosexual relationship, sincethe behavior of gay is defined immoral in tradition. However, with the development of physiology and psychology in modernization, masses have come to accept gays or lesbians and respect them as straight.22.Van Gogh’s most famous still life, Sunflowers exhibits the eternal love to the life andpromotes the thoughts about life and death23.Beethoven’s famous symphony, symphony NO.5 “destiny”, delivers a spirit and eternaltheme about facing frustration and fights the destiny for one’s dream and hope, thus convulsing the whole world with this spirit and humanity.24.Hemingway's famous novel The Sun Also Rises written after WW2 give spirits to millions ofyoung people, known as the lost generation, to overcome the gloomy motion toward future and live new lives in most part of globe.25.After all, some social conventions or morality standards etc. in tradition which are outdatedor hinder the social development have been abandoned in modernization. With the understanding and learning the humanity and nature, issues that one used to take for granted may be thought to be immoral or unsuitable today.26.After all, modernization is actual an extension or a new iteration or amendment of tradition,which may be in various forms.27.Specifically, a critic, who is familiar with the western novels, can definitely provide thelayman useful information and in-depth interpretation with a considerable insight.28.After all, the process of evaluation is also the process that critics use their personal andprofessional taste which may be very different form the artists' to feel the motions or ideas underlying the arts. And under some circumstances, critics evaluate the value of the works from very different views with artists, which may lead to discover a new lasting value.29.After all, the critics’ view which may be limited by the established doctrine o r subconsciouspersonal preference may result in a destructive feedback or critique which may had a counterproductive effect on artist.30.the skeptical spirit, which played a crucial role for human beings in the process of acquiringtruth and new knowledge, is such a vital virtue that every student should possess. After all, as the inherit of human wisdom, in the way that first doubt and then test the matter that seems doubtful students can accept the truth which had being tested by generations more naturally. In addition, in some cases, it is very possible that the skeptical process also tends to be the course in which new thought or theory, namely new knowledge, can be founded.31.For instance, Lobachevsky, Russian mathematician, who developed non-Euclidean geometry,was usually called the Copernicus in geometry. At first, Lobachevsky tried to deduce the Euclid’s fifth postulation from other axioms but fruitless, which pushes him to question the truth of the fifth postulation. The spirit of skepticism leads him to develop a new geometry in which the fifth postulation is wrong instead of accepting it passively. And the new geometry is the Lobachevsky geometry.32.his example illustrates that the skeptical spirit, which has a decisive effect on sifting the truefrom the false and discovering the new from the unknown, is inevitably connected with knowledge inheritance of human, which pushes human toward the truth in turn.33.After all there does exist something, like convention, historical fact, word spelling andgrammar etc., is undoubted; in other word, those doubts which betray the original purpose of skepticism make no sense. So one problem should be made clear: why should we question?Personally I think we question because by questioning what can be doubted can we approach nearer and nearer the truth; meanwhile, question just for the question’s sake is not fit the spirit of skepticism. For example, the opinions, theories and axioms which are anthropogenic abstracted from nature or facts should be questioned, because thoughts and ideas of human beings are hard to be perfectly correct. On the other hand, fact and convention is undoubted. Since questioning those matters may lead to undermining the construction of human society and academy.34.After all, the culture of society, which was shaped by the inextricable relationship of historicaland modern thoughts, conventions, morality and values, plays a significant role in defining the attitudes and concerns of individuals. In other word, personal interests and attitudes reflect the ideas and values of society in some extent.35.we can know that openness and straightness might be an essential part of this society’s ideas.The example above illustrates that the act and dress of ordinary people that inevitably connect with environmental culture send the message with respect to the value of society to outward.36.it’s also necessarily through learning the art, history, religion and philosophy etc–representing the deep-seated supportive thought and culture of society- to learn the ideas and values of a society. After all, the development of history, the style of art and the way of thinking, which was formed from the accumulation of culture, still have a crucial effect on the shaping of today’s ideas and values of society.37.Admittedly, holding high standards of ethics and morality, which reminds official leaders tolive to the standards of fairness, justice and objectivity etc. rather than self-interests or party-profits consideration, are beneficial for officials to be effective chiefs. After all, fairness and objectivity -making one willing to hear different voices-playing a definitive role in making unbiased and fair decisions, which helps the leader to be effective. Obviously, it's easier for the public to accept and follow an objective policy than one full of bias and self-interests. 38.Here is an apt example involving President Lincoln, a politician who holds high standards ofethics and morality. He believes the creed, which sums up the dream and spirit of American fathers, that everyone should be equal all his life, even when he faced great pressure. His high moral and ethical standards help him win the support of his people, and ultimately win (注意时态)the civil war which ended slavery and hold American together in 1865. Martin Luther King is another living example. In 1960s’, king delivered his famous “I have a dream”lecture, and more than 200,000 people were inspired by his high standards of morality. As a result, the civil rights move eventually end with the pass of civil rights act in congress.39.After all, an effective leader should foresee the trend of future, make proper decisions andhave the charisma to call up public. Moreover, any leader should be responsible for the party, the country or the organization etc. He/she belongs to. That’s to say, no leader can ignore the interests of his/her group. President Reagan is a typical example. During 8 years of his president, series of scandals pesters him and the famous one is Iran gate. However, the inflation rate declined from 12.5% to 4.4% and unemployment rate down form7.5% to 5.0% under his economic policy. And he also won the “the great communicator” honor. All those feats prove him an effective leader. After he passed away, the government gave him state funeral.40.drop the reins of government whatever the leader brings about for us before41.The echo among the public during the period of Watergate affair can underscore this point.Even though Nixon, the former U.S. president, has made great contribution to boost the development of America, he had to leave his career of administration for the immoral things he has done.42.A supportive example for this is The Industry revolution. In about 1750, beginning withpower-driven machines starting doing work that people had always done by hand in England, The Industrial Revolution forever changed the way people used to live and work in most parts of the globe. It’s not the famous few, but rather groups of people, who are the carrier of productive power, lead to this revolution.43.Groups of people are too large and too complicated composed to startup by its own. Only bythe help of outstanding few who have the ability to motivate masses, significant trends or events can become possible.44.History in academic study is either the study of the past or the product of our attempts tounderstand the past, rather than the past itself.45.After all, the lives of exceptional people are connected with some event of their time and it ismuch easier to derive a general sight to understand human history form a few people rather than masses with various details46.After all, practicality and pragmatism, which inevitably connect with profit or interest, is theoverriding concern of most none-purely-academic endeavor. It seems clearly that practical principle turns out to be the litmus test for education of most engineering majors，whichaims more at supplying suitable human resource for companies and other profitable business today.47.For example, electrical engineering is depends less on theoretical research than practicalexperience, since there are much more unpredictable and uncontrollable factors in practice.48.After all, most study of theory -researched in ideal condition which does not exist in actuallife- is abstract.49.And putting matters outside of academic world, most of which tend to be more substantial,into ideal theory does harm to the imagination and innovation of students in these fields. 50.For example, if university provides every student the condition to do relevant experimentsimmediately after they learn new theory or makes it available for students to read and discuss some more works others have done, its instructional quality will be granted obviously.51.For example, with the development of the technologies of internet, students etc. can chooseto receive education from the net instead of the traditional way in the classroom, hence changes the conventional relationship between the students and teachers, namely making them more remote than ever; technologies of transportation help to change the custom that migration is rarely chosen unless disasters like war occur in most cases in the past, which influences the traditional motion of humanity to motherland.52.M. C. Escher, a great Dutch graphic artist who excelled at drawing but got poor grades inschool, exerts a profound influence on graphic arts. Escher never got normal mathematic training after he leave secondary school, but his graphic works are adorable to the mathematicians.53.Pol lution not only affects human beings’ lives but also destroy the environment in whichmany other specials live. Chemical leak kill several people, pose health risks and contribute to acid rain and global warming.54.It seems a paradox that our efficiencies are much higher than ever before while our leisure time isincreasingly diminishing, but it is actually the reality. The greater our mobility, the more our destinations each day; the more time-saving facilities we use, the more activities we try to attend ea ch day; with more convenient access to information, we try to assimilate more of it each day. Nowaday s we are forced to do more by the superiors, the competitors, or even by ourselves. Fortunately, we have more opportunities and choices than our predecessors, but at the same time, unfortunately, we have to confront with much more challenges and suffer from much more pressure. Therefore, people may be not able to enjoy their leisure time much in such an increasingly competitive society, consequently resulting in some serious social problems, such as unemployment, resentment, high suicide rate, anti-social behaviors, and so forth.。
GRE考试写作范文Issue汇总
GRE考试写作范文Issue汇总今天搜集了一些GRE issue 的优秀范文，快来一起学习吧，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
."Most people recognize the benefits of individuality, but the fact is that personal economic suess requires conformity."Personal economic suess might be due either to one's investment strategy or to one's work or career. With respect to the former, non-conformists with enough risk tolerance and patience invariably achieve more suess than conformists. With respect to the latter, while non-conformists are more likely to sueed in newer industries where markets and technology are in constant flux, conformists are more likely to sueed in traditional service industries ensconced in systems and regulations.Regarding the sort of economic suess that results from investing one's wealth, the principles of investing dictate that those who seek risky investments in areas that are out of favor with the majority of investors ultimately reaphigher returns than those who follow the crowd. It is conformists who invest, along with most other investors, in areas that are currently the most profitable, and popular. However, popular investments tend to be overpriced, and in the long run their values will e down to reasonable levels. As a result, given enough time conformists tend to reap lower rewards from their investments than nonconformists do.Turning to the sort of economic suess that one achieves by way of one's work, neither conformists nor non-conformists necessarily achieve greater suess than the other group.In consumer-driven industries, where innovation, product differentiation and creativity are crucial to lasting suess, non-conformists who take unique approaches tend to recognize emerging trends and to rise above their peers. For example, Ted Turner's departure from the traditional format of the other television works, and the responsiveness of Amazon's Jeff Bezos to burgeoning Inter merce, propelled these two non-conformists into leadership positions in their industries. Particularly in technologyindustries, where there are no conventional practices or ways of thinking to begin with, people who cling to last year's paradigm, or to the status quo in general, are soon left behind by coworkers and peting firms.However, in traditional service industries--such as finance, aounting, insurance, legal services, and health care--personal economic suess es not to non-conformists but rather to those who can work most effectively within the constraints of established practices, policies and regulations. Of course, a clever idea for structuring a deal, or a creative legal maneuver, might play a role in winning smaller battles along the way. But such tactics are those of conformists who are playing by the same ground rules as their peers; winners are just better at the game.In conclusion, non-conformists with sufficient risk tolerance and patience are invariably the most suessful investors in the long run. When it es to careers, however, while non-conformists tend to be more suessful in technology- and consumer-driven industries, traditionalistsare the winners in system-driven industries pervaded by policy, regulation, and bureaucracy."What society has thought to be its greatest social, political, and individual achievements have often resulted in the greatest discontent."I strongly agree that great achievements often lead to great discontent. In fact, I would assert more specifically that great individual achievements can cause discontent for the individual achiever or for the society impacted by the achievement, or both. Nevertheless, it is important to acknowledge that whether a great achievement causes great discontent can depend on one's personal perspective, as well as the perspective of time.With respect to individual achievements, great achievers are by nature ambitious people and therefore tend to be dissatisfied and discontent with their aomplishments-no matter how great. Great athletes are pelled to try tobetter their record-breaking performances; great artists and musicians typically claim that their greatest work willbe their next one--a sign of personal discontent. And many child protégés, especially those who achieve some measure of fame early in life, later suffer psychological discontent for having "peaked" so early. Perhaps the paradigmatic modern example of a great achiever's discontent was Einstein, whose theoretical breakthroughs in physics only raised new theoretical conundrums which Einstein himself recognized and spent the last twenty years of his life struggling unsuessfully to solve.Individual achievements can often result in discontent on a societal level. The great achievement of the individual scientists responsible for the suess of the Manhattan Project resulted in worldwide anxiety over the threat of nuclear annihilation--a form of discontent with which the world's denizens will forever be forced to cope. Even individual achievements that at first glance would appear to have benefited society turn out to be causes of great discontent. Consider the invention of the automobile, along with the innovations in manufacturing processes and materials that made mass production possible. As a result we have bee a society enslaved to our cars, relying on themas crutches not only for transportation but also for affording us a false sense of socioeconomic status. Moreover, the development of assembly-line manufacturing has served to alienate workers from their work, which many psychologists agree causes a great deal of personal discontent.Turning from individual achievements to societal, including political, achievements, the extent to which great achievements have caused great discontent often depends on one's perspective. Consider, for example, America's spirit of Manifest Destiny during the 19th Century, or British Imperialism over the span of several centuries. From the perspective of an Imperialist, conquering other lands and peoples might be viewed as an unqualified suess. However, from the viewpoint of the indigenous peoples who suffer at the hands of Imperialists, these so-called "achievements" are the source of widespread oppression and misery, and in turn discontent, to which any observant Native American or South African native could attest.The extent to which great socio-political achievements have caused great discontent also depends on the perspective of time. For example, F.D.R.'s New Deal was and still is considered by many to be one of the greatest social achievements of the 20th Century. However, we are just now beginning to realize that the social-security system that was an integral part of F.D.R.'s social program will soon result in great discontent among those workers currently paying into the system but unlikely to see any benefits after they retire.To sum up, I agree that great achievements, both individual and socio-political, often result in great discontent. Moreover, great individual achievements can result in discontent for both the individual achiever and the society impacted by the achievement. Nevertheless, in measuring the extent of discontent, we must aount for varying personal and political perspectives as well as different time perspectives."The well-being of a society is enhanced when many of its people question authority."The speaker asserts that when many people questionauthority society is better off. While I contend that certain forms of disobedience can be harmful to any society, I agree with the speaker otherwise. In fact, I would go further by contending that society's well-being depends on challenges to authority, and that when it es to political and legal authority, these challenges must e from many people.Admittedly, when many people question authority some societal harm might result, even if a social cause is worthy. Mass resistance to authority can escalate toviolent protest and rioting, during which innocent people are hurt and their property damaged and destroyed. The fallout from the 1992 Los Angeles riots aptly illustrates this point. The "authority" which the rioters sought to challenge was that of the legal justice system which acquitted police officers in the beating of Rodney King. The means of challenging that authority amounted toflagrant disregard for criminal law on a mass scale--by way of looting, arson, and even deadly assault. This violentchallenge to authority resulted in a financially crippled munity and, more broadly, a turning back of the clock with respect to racial tensions across America.While violence is rarely justifiable as a means of questioning authority, peaceful challenges to political and legal authority, by many people, are not only justifiable but actually necessary when it es to enhancing and even preserving society's well-being. In particular, progress in human rights depends on popular dissension. It is not enough for a charismatic visionary like Gandhi or King to call for change in the name of justice and humanity; they must have the support of many people in order to effect change. Similarly, in a democracy citizens must respect timeless legal doctrines and principles, yet at the same time question the fairness and relevance of current laws. Otherwise, our laws would not evolve to reflect changing societal values. It is not enough for a handful of legislators to challenge the legal status quo; ultimatelyit is up to the electorate at large to call for change when change is needed for the well-being of society.Questioning authority is also essential for advances in the sciences. Passive aeptance of prevailing principles quells innovation, invention, and discovery, all of which clearly benefit any society. In fact, the very notion of scientific progress is predicated on rigorous scientific inquiry--in other words, questioning of authority. History is replete with scientific discoveries that posed challenges to political, religious, and scientific authority. For example, the theories of a sun-centered solar system, of humankind's evolution from other life forms, and of the relativity of time and space, clearly flew in the face of "authoritative" scientific as well as religious doctrine of their time. Moreover, when it es to science a suessful challenge to authority need not e from a large number of people. The key contributions of a few individuals---like Copernicus, Kepler, Newton, Darwin, Einstein, and Hawking---often suffice.Similarly, in the arts, people must challenge established styles and forms rather than imitate them; otherwise, no gemtinely new art would ever emerge, and society would be worse off. And again, it is not necessary that a largenumber of people pose such challenges; a few keyindividuals can have a profound impact. For instance, modern ballet owes much of what is new and exciting to George Ballanchine, who by way of his improvisational techniques posed a suessful challenge to established traditions. And modern architecture arguably owes its existence to the founders of Germany's Bauhaus School of Architecture, which challenged certain "authoritative" notions about the proper objective, and resulting design, of public buildings.To sum up, in general I agree that when many people question authority the well-being of society is enhanced. Indeed, advances in government and law depend on challenges to the status quo by many people. Nevertheless, to ensure a benefit rather than harm, the means of such challenges must be peaceful ones."It is the artist, not the critic, who gives society something of lasting value."This statement asserts that art, not the art critic, provides something of lasting value to society. I strongly agree with the statement. Although the critic can help us understand and appreciate art, more often than not,critique is either counterproductive to achieving the objective of art or altogether irrelevant to that objective.To support the statement the speaker might point out the three ostensible functions of the art critic. First,critics can help us understand and interpret art; a critic who is familiar with a particular artist and his or her works might have certain insights about those works that the layperson would not. Secondly, a critic's evaluation of an art work serves as a filter, which helps us determine which art is worth our time and attention. For example, a new novel by a best-selling author might nevertheless be an uninspired effort, and if the critic can call our attention to this fact we gain time to seek out more worthwhile literature to read. Thirdly, a critic can provide feedback for artists; and constructive criticism, if taken to heart, can result in better work.However, reflecting on these three functions makes clearthat the art critic actually offers very little to society.The first function is better aomplished by docents and teachers, who are more able to enhance a layperson's appreciation and understanding of art by providing an objective, educated interpretation of it. Besides, true appreciation of art ours at the moment we encounter art; it is the emotional, even visceral impact that art has on our senses, spirits, and souls that is the real value of art. A critic can actually provide a disservice by distracting us from that experience.The critic's second function that of evaluator who filters out bad art from the worthwhile is one that we must be very wary of. History supports this caution. In the role of judge, critics have failed us repeatedly. Consider, for example, Voltaire's rejection of Shakespeare as barbaric because he did not conform to neo-classical principles of unity. Or, consider the plete dismissal of Beethoven'smusic by the esteemed critics of his time. The art critic'sjudgment is limited by the narrow confines of old and established parameters for evaluation. Moreover, critical judgment is often misguided by the ego; thus its value is questionable in any event.I turn finally to the critic's third function: to provide useful feedback to artists. The value of this function is especially suspect. Any artist, or anyone who has studied art, would agree that true art is the product of theartist's authentic passion, a manifestation of the artist's unique creative impulse, and a creation of the artist's spirit. If art were shaped by the concern for integrating feedback from all criticism, it would bee a viable craft, but at the same time would cease to be art.In sum, none of the ostensible functions of the critic are of much value at all, let alone of lasting value, to society. On the other hand, the artist, through works of art, provides an invaluable and unique mirror of theculture of the time during which the work was produced a mirror for the artist's contemporaries and for future generations to gaze into for insight and appreciation ofhistory. The art critic in a subordinate role, more often than not, does a disservice to society by obscuring this mirror.模板,内容仅供参考。
新GRE作文issue模板常用句型个人总结
ISSUE段1. 1) I agree with the speaker's broad assertion that money spent on research is generally money well invested. (Issue 18)2) Admittedly, the many experiences that are convenient for our growth/benefit the descendants are the result of/usually result from the extraordinary (非凡的) cumulative（渐增的）efforts of our engineers, entrepreneurs, and sociologists (scientists, politicians, historians, predecessors). (Issue 12) 3) And, such advantages/successes/conveniences always provide us with the best available guide to overcome obstacles in our daily lives.4) However/Nevertheless, the manager's argument is indefensible in several critical respects because he ignores the significance presented by history.段2. 1) Lending credence to the statement is that faculty and students in related history would bring diverse cultural and educational perspectives to the problems they seek to solve. (Issue 7)2) As a matter of fact, research from some famous figures always carries significant information to the future, and it’s critical/essential that our nation and the world base important policies on the best judgments to address society’s more immediate problems.3) Consider, for instance, Jack Welch’s program when a company is running in a low efficiency and facing a financial crisis (political crisis or natural disaster).4) This ambitious project is possible only because participating nations are pooling（集合资源）their economic resources as well as scientific talents. (Issue 47)5) Welch’s strategy was later adopted by other entrepreneurs and moreover, many similar projects could be used to solve enduring company financial problems.6) Thus a useful strategy (insight or discovery) can come from a researcher (scientist/predecessor) from any nation/realms. (Issue 7)段3. 1) Adding further credibility to the statement is the tendency (observation/phenomenon) that learning about the mistakes of past societies helps us avoid repeating them.2) After all, humans seem naturally driven/tend to make things bigger/easier and more complex/simpler; thus refraining/promoting from doing so, or reversing/enhancing this natural process, takes considerable/great effort and courage of a different sort. (Issue 12)3) One apt example of this point involves Sanlu Group, a famous Chinese dairy products company, which has been committed to providing the most popular brands of infant formula to global consumers. In September 2008, it was involved in an adulterated milk powder scandal, affecting some 29400 Chinese infants and killing six. It received a bankruptcy order and several of its top managers were sentenced to long prison terms.4) Apparently/Obviously, all nations should learn a lesson from Sanlu’s scandal and take out an insurance policy to prevent those similar cases.5) As it turns out, a certain self-restraint and courage (experience and lessons from the past) are both unavoidable and necessary to confront and overcome modern inconvenience/lure (these internal fears and self-doubts), to simplify/optimize/benefit one's daily schedule/knowledge/development, and to establish/build a simple plan/strategy for the use of one's capability. (Issue 12)段4. 1) Except from the aforementioned situations, the establishment/effect/consequence of such a point poses certain problems of its own (political, environmental, health and economic problems/risks/challenges), which must be addressed/minimize in order that the government/society/human beings can achieve its objectives/prospective prosperity. (Issue 7)2) On the one hand/First, it wrongly/illogically presumes/categorizes any law as either just or unjust (related/isolated), and then it recommends an ineffective and potentially harmful means of legal reform/learning. (Issue 11)3) Indeed, observations-for example, about whether research of atomic weapons was out of rules, or about whether the use of technological cloning was illegal depending on not only just laws but also one's moral principles. (Issue 69)4) After all, our experience as humans informs us that practicality/humanity amounts to far more than (远不止是) meeting economic needs, but also our own survival as a species.5) In the second place/Secondly, comprehensive historical backgrounds would help overcome controversial/a myriad of administrative/environmental/political problems/impediments. (Issue 7) 6) A current example involves that the government should strike a balance between the environmental pollution and the company’s interests.7) Some theorists/governors now claim that the toxic effluents from factory cannot be emitted into a nearby river, while complying with the regulation might be costly for the company.8) (To the contrary/In fact) Surely, a number of entrepreneurs and engineers today are mustering/ sacrificing that courage/interests, and are making the effort to create far simpler, yet more elegant, technologies and applications, which will truly make our lives simpler/safer in sharp contrast/compared to what computer technology has delivered to us. (Issue 12)9) Indisputably, solving these problems requires an open mind to history both related and unrelated.段5. 1) In sum, I agree that the related history is valuable because it is an effective way to acquire meaningful knowledge and to avoid repeating mistakes.2) Nevertheless/Accordingly, the speaker overlooks many great individuals/critical problems, particularly in some moral issues and in beneficial fairs, which are always solved by experience unrelated to our daily lives. (Issue 21)3) In the final analysis, to solve those problems more efficiently and comprehensively we are forced to strike a balance in how to allocate our energy between the two respects.备用句式1) observations，phenomenon现象/ unjustifiable，insubstantial不合理的2) Parents who dote on their only child will be a negative factor of their child’s progress. Such well meaning people just don't understand.3) Kennedy asked us to think what you can do for your country instead of what your country can do for you.4) Einstein, like history's other most influential scientists, simply refused to accept conventional interpretations of what we all observe. (Issue 69)5) There's nothing to be later proved or disproved, affirmed or discredited, or even improved upon or refined by further knowledge or newer technology. (Issue 18)6) However/By contrast, in the sciences it is difficult to identify greatness without the benefit of historical perspective. (Issue 21)7) In the realm of business, in some cases great achievement is recognizable immediately, while in other cases it is not. Consider on the one hand Henry Ford's…. (Issue 21)8) Returning to the abortion example mentioned above, a person strongly opposed to the freedom-of-choice position might maintain that the illegal blocking of access to an abortion clinic amounts to justifiable disobedience. (Issue 11)9) Teaching people how to fish rather than offering them a basket of fish.10) While this notion might appeal to certain existentialists and epistemologists, it runs against the grain of all scientific discovery and knowledge gained over the last 500 years. (Issue 69)11) I am hard-pressed to think of one person who has ever exclaimed to me how much effort and courage it has taken to complicate his or her life in these respects. (Issue 12)12) Only time will tell whether string theory indeed provides the unifying laws that all matter in the universe obeys. (Issue 21)13) The picture above does reveal certain disturbing phenomenon in a contemporary society with the material prosperity. In the general routine of everyday living, sth will enrich my working experience and broaden my mind, thus paving a way for my prospective career. (Issue 18)。
gre作文 Issue官方范文汇总
Issue 官方范文全新整理版说明：本版主要基于iq28的“ETS官方Issue范文”，删除了其中的重复题目，根据原始来源修订了部分错误，并制作了目录。
致谢：iq28, 红蝎子, imong, blackdoor@; Steven Jiang@上海新东方———————————————Topic List:All can be found at the ETS website:/Media/Products/Criterion/topics/topics-gre.htm1. "Both the development of technological tools and the uses to which humanity has put them have created modern civilizations in which loneliness is ever increasing." (From Practice Book & PP3)2. "The media (books, film, music, television, for example) tend to create rather than reflect the values of a society." (From PP3)3. "Our declining environment may bring the people of the world together as no politician, philosopher, or war ever could. Environmental problems are global in scope and respect no nation's boundaries. Therefore, people are faced with the choice of unityand cooperation on the one hand or disunity and a common tragedy on the other." (From Practice Book & PP3)4. "In our time, specialists of all kinds are highly over-rated. We need more generalists — people who can provide broad perspectives." (From Practice Book & ETS website & PP3)5. "It is unfortunate that today's educators place so much emphasis on finding out what students want to include in the curriculum and then giving it to them. It is the educators' duty to determine the curriculum and the students' duty to study what is presented to them." (From PP3)6. "The best ideas arise from a passionate interest in commonplace things." (From PP3)7. "Wisdom is rightfully attributed not to people who know what to look for in life but to people who know what to overlook." (From PP3) 8. “It is important for higher education to challenge established traditions and values.”(From imong)ContentsIssue test 1: Technology and Loneliness (2)Issue test 2: Media and Social Values (9)Issue test 3: Declining Environment (17)Issue test 4: Generalists vs. Specialists (25)Issue test 5: Duty of Educators (34)Issue test 6: Best Ideas (44)Issue test 7: Wisdom (51)Issue test 8: Higher Education (58)Issue test 1: Technology and Loneliness"Both the development of technological tools and the uses to which humanity has put them have created modern civilizations in which loneliness is ever increasing."6Technology, broadly defined as the use of tools, has a long history. Ever since Erg the caveman first conked an animal with a rock, people have been using technology. For thousands of years, the use of tools allowed people to move ever closer together. Because fields could be cultivated and the technology to store food existed, people would live in cities rather than in small nomadic tribes. Only very lately have Erg's descendants come to question the benefits of technology. The Industrial Revolution introduced and spread technologies that mechanized many tasks. As a result of the drive toward more efficient production and distribution (so the ever larger cities would be supported), people began to act as cogs in the technological machine. Clothing was no longer produced by groups of women sewing and gossiping together, but by down-trodden automation's operating machinery in grim factories.The benefits of the new technology of today, computers and the internet, are particularly ambiguous. They have made work ever more efficient and knit the world together in a web of information and phone lines. Some visionaries speak of a world in which Erg need not check in to his office; he can just dial in from home. He won't need to go to a bar to pick up women because there are all those chat rooms. Hungry? Erg orders his groceries from an online delivery service. Bored? Download a new game. And yet...Many people, myself included, are a little queasy about that vision. Erg may be doing work, but is it real work? Are his online friends real friends? Does anything count in a spiritual way if it's just digital? Since the Industrial Revolution, we have been haunted by the prospect that we are turning into our machines: efficient, productive, and soulless. The newest technologies, we fear, are making us flat as our screens. We may know a lot of people, but we havefew real friends. We have a lot of things to do, but no reason to do them. In short, the new technology emphasizes a spiritual crisis that has been building for quite some time.As I try to unravel which I believe about the relative merits of technology, I think it is instructive to remember technology's original result. A better plow meant easier farming, more food, longer lives, and more free time to pursue other things such as art. Our newest technology does not give us more free time; it consumes our free time. We are terminally distracted from confronting ourselves or each other. We stay safe, and lonely, in our homes and offices rather than taking the risk of meeting real people or trying new things.While I am certainly not a Luddite, I do believe we need to look for a bit more balance between technology and life. We have to tear ourselves away from the fatal distractions and go out into the world. Technology has given us long lives and endless supplies of information. Now we need to apply that information, use the time we're not spending conking our dinner with a club, and find our reasons for living.COMMENTARYThis outstanding response displays cogent reasoning, insightful, persuasive analysis, and superior control of language. The essay immediately identifies the complexities of the issue and then playfully explores both the benefits and the drawbacks of technological developments over the course of human history. The writer maintains that a "balance between technology and life" is necessary if humans are going to abate the loneliness that is part of modern existence.I disagree with the argument that "Both the development of technological tools and the uses to which humanity has put them have created modern civilizations in which loneliness is ever increasing."" Arguments can be made for this thesis, but they depend largely upon what I believe to be a poor definition of "loneliness".If one defines loneliness as the absence of as much physical, face-to-face contact with other people, then this argument is probably true. The invention of modern telecommunications devices such as telephones, fax machines, and computers has definitely cut down on the amount of physical contact with other people. This is especially true in recent times due to the extremely rapid expansion of the Internet. E-mail and tele-conferencing are direct substitutes for physical contact, especially in the business world.However, I believe that loneliness can be better measured by intellectual contact with other individuals. Unarguably, modern technology makes this faster and easier, with better communication with a larger number of people.Some employers have argued that productivity is lessened since they have had computers linked to the Internet, as the employees spend much of their time "chatting" with friends, acquaintances, or business contacts across the country.This is probably not a good thing for the employers, but it demonstrates theincreased degree of communication due to modern technology.Of course, some technologies have increased loneliness by any standards, suchas the automobile or other transportation mechanisms. These encouragesubstantially longer commutes between home and work. Automobiles have made possible the pattern of suburbanization that has been in place in the United States since immediately after World War Two. Time spent commuting is generally unproductive and spent alone, unless the individual in question is car-pooling or using mass transit. The contribution of the commuting culture to loneliness may actually be changing now due to new technology that is being invented and used by the general public. Popular new devices, such as the cellular phone, the laptop computer, and the combination thereof may actually convert commuting time to a period of increased communications between people, to "pass the time". This will be especially true as use of mass transit grows, which will probably happen, due to problems with gas shortages, air pollution, and the creation of further mass transit by federal and local governments.The motivation for the declaration that loneliness is increasing may be due tothe fact that many people, especially blue-collar workers, are unable to affordor use these new devices. However, since the advent of the personal computer, the price per computing power has continually lowered rapidly, and this trend shows no sign of changing. Several companies, such as Sun Microsystems and Oracle have announced that they are attempting to develop terminals with little computing power, but a full capability to access the Internet. These devices will be in approximately the $500 price range, which is much more reasonable than the price of the current top of the line PC. In addition, to cater to a larger mass of the public, software companies have been carefully making their products easier to use by non-"computer nerds". This trend is not likely to cease.In conclusion, although early development of modern transportation may have increased loneliness, I believe that more recent technologies are actually doing the opposite, stimulating interpersonal contact and encouraging intellectual expansion. The perception that the opposite is true derives from what I believe is poor definition of loneliness and the difficulty that the working class has in acquiring and using modern telecommunications devices.COMMENTARYThis strong response analyzes the complexities of the issue. In disagreeing with the prompt, the writer makes a distinction between two types of loneliness -- loneliness caused by "the absence of??? physical contact" and loneliness brought about by a lack of "intellectual contact" with others. The essay reasons that while "the automobile and other transportation mechanisms"originally kept passengers physically and intellectually isolated from one another, modern technology, such as the cellular telephone and laptop computer, has made intellectual contact "faster and easier" and has benefitedusers by allowing them to communicate with "a larger number of people."The response provides clear and relevant examples of the ways in which technological developments facilitate and encourage intellectual communication. The writer examines the impact of user-friendly Internet access on the individual's ability to interact with others even when physical distance separates the communicating parties.The organization is clear, yet transitions between paragraphs are not always smooth. The body of the essay lacks the focus that would help move it to a score of 6. It is not always clear how the information given relates to the essay's initial position (e.g., the discussion of current prices for personal computers in paragraph five). The conclusion, while clearly relevant, attempts to impose order on the somewhat loosely connected paragraphs, yet fails to add substance to the analysis.On the whole, the essay displays clarity and control, but the language is sometimes imprecise and less tightly controlled than it would be in a 6 essay. The following sentence is one such example: "The motivation for the declaration that loneliness is increasing may be due to the fact that many people, especially blue-collar workers, are unable to afford or use these new devices."Looking at the above statement, I see a lot of truth to the statement . There are many ways that society has used the advanced technology in order to isolate themselves. It may or may not be a conscious move, but the results are all the same. The isolation occurs in a variety of ways and in all different areas. By computerizing factories, there are more and more people working long hours by themselves, with there only companion as a computer monitor. Although the company may be getting better production, the question that needs to be ask is at what cost to their employees.It is not only the management of big factories that are responsible for this isolation. This loneliness can be seen in many other settings. With the growing popularity of the television, the nation is seeing a decline in families talking and an increase in watching the television. Not only can this result in a generation of "coach potatoes", it is also causes less communication and a feeling of isolation from everyone that a person cares about.So far technology has entered the work place and the home, it has also entered the social relm. When you go to order food in the drive-thru, who is or better yet what is it that you talk to? It is a machine, although there is a person on the other end, you are still reciting your order to a machine. If it is ten o'clockat night and you need money, there are ATM's. All of these gadgets may be very nice and convent, but they result in lack of human contact.Although it might be easy to blame technology for our feelings of loneliness, itis just a cop out. By looking at all the ways technology causes isolation, it isstill people who choose to use these convenient methods. If a person wants to have human contact, all they have to do is go inside to the bank or go insidethe restaurant to order. What it basically boils down to, is that it is our choicewhether or not we use technology. It is a scary thought to think maybe one day we might live in a society where you will never have to leave your house. That by using FAX machines, computers, modems, and the telephone a person would never have to have human contact to get their job done. The thing is that if that is not what we as a society wants, we are the ones to speak out and change the outcome.COMMENTARYThis response presents a competent discussion of the issue. The position presented in the first paragraph -- that "there are many ways that society has used the advanced technology in order to isolate themselves" -- is adequately sustained, but the examples given are not always clearly relevant (e.g., in the case of paragraph one's "computerizing" of factories, the decision to use the technology is not made by the individual worker.) Also, the reasoning is not developed as fully as it would be in a response at the score level of 6 or 5.While organization is adequate, the response lacks the organized coherence of ideas that exemplify a 5 essay. Transitions, within and between paragraphs, are not always smooth or logical. The last paragraph could be much more clearly focused, i.e., several sentences repeat the same idea -- that "it is our choice whether or not we use technology" -- and the purpose or meaning of others (e.g., the last) is not immediately clear.In general, ideas are presented clearly, although awkward phrasing sometimes contributes to vagueness (e.g., "By looking at all the ways technology causes isolation, it is still people who choose to use these convenient methods"). Lack of sentence structure variety seems to inhibit the communication of ideas (e.g., many short sentences are often used where one or two compound ones could make the points more effectively). Overall, this is an adequate response to the topic.The technological tools we as a society have developed are not in themselves positive or negative, they are just that, tools. The uses, however, are definitely a different story. Computers, I believe at one time, were developed to save us time. Do our work more quickly for us so that we could have more leisure time to spend doing those things we enjoy. We have found now, especially those of us that are parents, that all of the leisure time we havegained is either spent watching our children learn things on the computer or creating our own unique something on the family computer. For one thing, it has become a very fun item, the computers have become more than just workrelated technological tools. The amount of human interaction is limited,because people in general are spending much of their leisure time doing solo onthe computer. In the past, it was common for the new young executive to get a membership to the exercise club as a perk, where he could socialize with the upper crust. Now the new young exec. gets a car phone or a portable fax, so that he can work from wherever he is, usually doing that solo trip to somewhere. Given these as examples, I would tend to agree with the statement that loneliness has increased as a direct result.COMMENTARYThis response is limited in both its analysis of the issue and its control of language.The writer clearly expresses the idea that "the technological tools we as a society have developed are not in themselves positive or negative." However, the essay provides only limited support for the position; the two examples are loosely connected and undeveloped.At times the organization of the essay makes for confusing reading. For example, the relevance of the "young executive" example is not clear because there is no transition from the preceding example of the computer. The conclusion, one sentence long, simply restates the claim made in the topic. The awkward sentences are evidence of a limited fluency. Greater use of compound sentences could help eliminate structural problems and facilitate the communication of ideas (e.g., sentences 3 and 4 could be combined).For all of these reasons, the essay received a score of 3.2、Computers of all shapes and sizes, p.c.'s, laptops, faxes, phones, the list never ends. All considered by our society as great technological advances. Not many would argue that the development of these tools has not advanced our world in some ways. However they certainly seem to be making our world one in which contact with our fellow man is less and less necessary. Though some may be more comfortable not having to engage in direct contact, it is questionable whether this is beneficial to society as a whole. The very least result could in fact be a very lonely world, but it may result in more significant problems.COMMENTARYThis response is seriously flawed. The analysis of the issue is extremelylimited, and there are serious problems in sentence structure. The writer's position, never clearly stated, seems to be that as a result of technological developments, "contact with our fellow man is less and less necessary."However, the implications of this statement (and others) are never explored ordeveloped. Furthermore, the list of technological advancements does notsupport or clarify the writer's already tenuously held position. Each new sentence could serve as a springboard to a thoughtful analysis but instead takes the response further from the apparent premise.While the essay exhibits a lack of sentence variety and contains somegrammatical errors, the language is for the most part controlled. Thisresponse did not receive a score of 2 because of a language problem, but because reasoning, analysis, and development are extremely thin and insubstantial.This statement is stating. The more advance in technology that society becomes, the more we depend on technology to live our everyday lives. Society as a whole will out do daily tasks and depend more on machines and computers to accomplish those tasks for them. For example; I was told that the younger generations use calculators in classes on a everyday level. We couldn’t do that. We had to resolve a problem on our own. Because calculators are being used, math problems are being adjusted around the calculators. If I didn’t know how to use a calculator today then I most likely wouldn’t know how to attempt to tackle the math of today. Computers of today are another example. Writing a essay took a lot of thought and hard work in past. Today, I can type some words in the computer and that computer will spell, make grammar correction, and dictate a right form to use in my essay. In the past we had to all these things on our own. I'm not putting down modern technology totally. I just want to state that if we take away people's ability to think then we will slowly loose our ability to function with out modern technology.COMMENTARYThis response is fundamentally deficient because it does not discuss the issue. Instead, it briefly discusses the drawbacks of specific types of technology (e.g., calculators and computers) in terms of the effect they have on an individual's ability to function without them.Furthermore, the essay lacks control of the basic elements of academic writing. Awkward and imprecise phrasing often interferes with meaning (e.g., "Society as a whole will out do daily tasks???").Issue test 2: Media and Social Values"The media (books, film, music, television, for example) tend tocreate rather than reflect the values of a society."6For our grandparents it occurred through films and books. For the babyboomers it was a result of television and revolutionary music. No matter how the impact took place, it is clear that since its very advent, the media haveplayed a crucial role in not simply being representative of the values of oursociety but creating them as well.During the roaring twenties Americans found themselves in a struggle betweenthe old ways of their ancestors and the new ways of the future. The once steadfast beliefs that men and women should not touch while dancing, and that ladies should not drink or smoke were suddenly being challenged. From where was all this rebellion stemming? Partly it was due to the returning doughboys from the shores of Europe bringing home revolutionary ideas they had encountered while at war. Nonetheless, returning soldiers could not be held responsible for the social upheaval that America experienced. There had to be another cause, and there was, the media. Although the films of the era were silent they spoke volumes to the society for which they were created. Women in these movies wore their hemlines a few inches shorter than the decade before them and they wore cosmetics to accentuate their new bobbed haircuts. The movies, as well as the books of that era, demonstrated a new materialistic attitude that America had never before experienced. Films portrayed every character as having the money to buy a new car, drink, smoke and partake in the leisure’s of life, a philosophy that was soon adopted by the youth of the decade. The use of the media in the twenties was to serve as a catalyst for the revolutionary ideas that were circulating. The films and books of that era sped America along its path of change that eventually led to the greatest social unrest that the United States had ever known.Unlike the twenties, the sixties and seventies utilized the media in a way that appealed to those searching for truth in a lost and confused world. Martin Luther King Jr. realized the impact of the media on society during his campaign for civil rights. King urged his followers to withstand any abuse that they might encounter because the media will take their peacefulness into the homes of their society. By doing so, King successfully began to change the traditional view of race. Americans began to sympathize with the protesters because of the undeserved turmoil they faced at the hands of the government. As a result, America relinquished the Jim Crow laws and saw many other groups press for their individual rights as well. Television cameras rolled as Cesar Chavez organized the migrant workers in California and as Bella Abzug and Gloria Steinham linked arms to protest the lack of women's rights.While the media helped to shape some attitudes about racism and gender it also helped to uncover the truth behind government lies. During the Nixon COMMENTARYThis is an outstanding response, even though it is not quite finished. The writer's views on the issue are so cogent, well articulated, and well developed that the writer was not penalized for failing to provide a conclusion. What matters is the quality of thinking and writing displayed, not whether an essay is totally finished or has a certain number of words.The writer's skill is apparent in the opening lines. The first words, "For our grandparents it occurred," immediately spark the reader's interest. The quick repetition of sentence structure and, once again, the intentionally vague use of "it" ("For the baby boomers it was") effectively draw the reader in. By the third sentence, we know that this essay will address the complexity of the issue ("not simply being representative??? but creating them as well") and that the writer is fully in command of this discussion.The rest of the essay addresses the influence of historical events and media on the values of modern society, from the "roaring twenties" to the "sixties and seventies." Insightful analysis accompanies the historical references. For example, the writer persuasively argues that prominent figures (King, but also Chavez, Abzug, and Steinham) advanced their social agendas by capitalizing on the power of the media to change public opinion.Throughout the essay, the writer uses language and syntax effectively. Word choice is precise ("cosmetics to accentuate their new bobbed haircuts"), sentences are structured to communicate ideas clearly ("There had to be another cause, and there was, the media"), and transitional phrases help move the argument forward ("Unlike the twenties, the sixties????" and "By doing so, King successfully began to change the traditional view of race.") Occasional errors do appear (e.g., note the lack of logical comparison in "women??? wore their hemlines??? shorter than the decade before them"), but they are not intrusive.Other 6 essays might be more fully developed; indeed, this essay would be stronger if the writer had gone on to discuss the media's role in Nixon's Watergate scandal and to bring the argument to its conclusion. However, even in its unfinished state, the essay does present an insightful, well-articulated discussion of the issue.5、There are some who would say that the media reflects the values of society. I believe however, that the media in fact tend to create values in a society.The values created may be far different from the values that our society would choose to embrace. I offer two examples that serve well to illustrate that the media can in fact shape the very moral fibers in our society.The first medium that comes to mind is music. Through music we can proclaim our love, communicate feelings, and express new attitudes. Music is widely available to almost everyone in our society. To see how music has changed the values of our society, one needs only to look to the urban sprawl. Rap and gangster styles of music reach millions of city teens and young adults. It's message is quite simple- violence, drugs, and sex . Young people are constantly bombarded with the message that if you want something all you have to do is to take it. The values of human life, respect for elders and children have been lost. We have gangs and random killings in the streets of most cities in our country. Are these my values? They are most certainly not. This music does not reflect the values of this society. This music is the very core of this degradation of our values. How many tricked out gang cars to you see that don't have the annoying bass rumble of Rap music vibrating out of them? This music is part of the persona of a whole generation of people. It is just as much a part of their ego as the guns, drugs, and abuse of women. Another medium that is shaping the values of our society is advertising.Advertising is everywhere, on T.V., billboards, radio, even at the ballpark. Through advertising some vendors can create "values". To illuminate my point I will use tobacco companies as an example. Joe Camel has convinced millions of young people that it is cool to smoke. The Marlboro man has done the same. The audience is always the same. These ads are targeting young people. They have created the "value" among children that it is ok for kids to smoke. Again the values of society have been changed by a powerful media. I'm sure there are not too many parents out there who would want their children to start smoking. Another advertising media that will surely change the values of ours society is the Internet.The internet is really just the world's largest commercial launched under the veil of access of useful information. It will be interesting to see just how this new network that has brought the world together will affect our values. These are just examples but I think they are effective at making my point. I think they serve to illustrate that the media can in fact change our values. As for me, I'll be out back smoking a Don Lino, on a beautiful trout stream while sipping a cold beer, waiting for the trout to rise and hoping a couple of those girls from the Coors commercial show up.COMMENTARYThis is a well-developed response. The four-paragraph organizational structure serves as a useful framework for the writer to develop a position on the issue.The opening paragraph presents the writer's position ("media in fact tend to。
GRE issue写作万能论据
GRE issue写作万能论据From 太傻注：以下论据你可能觉得很俗，但你不得不承认他真的很万能，所以你到考场上肯定最先浮现的就是这几个名字，伽利略、牛顿、达尔文……1、Galileo（伽利略）:When he was 25 years old, he is reporting to have shown his students the error of Aristotle’s belief that speed of fall is not proportional to weight, by dropping two objects of different weight simultaneously from the Leaning Tower. His theory of free falling was the centre of the controversy In his own lifetime. But the theory make significant contribution to the research later, such as in ……Galileo's ideas were in advance of the age in which he lived.可用话题：怀疑精神；现在无用的研究结果未来不一定无用；新手novice与老手veteran、权威; 有争议、不确定的研究结果2、Copernicus（哥白尼）:For example, in 1543 as a time when most people believed that the sun and the planets circled around the earth, a Polish astronomer named Copernicus suggested that the earth and the other planets revolved around the sun. 例如，在1543年，就在大多数人相信太阳和其他行星是绕地球运转的时候，有一个叫哥白尼的人却提出，地球和其他行星是绕太阳运转的。
GRE考试写作范文Issue整合
GRE考试写作范文Issue整合想要提高GRE写作水平，需要多仿照优秀的范文，我整理了一些范文，下面我就和大家共享，来观赏一下吧。
GRE考试写作范文IssuePeople who are the most deeply committed to an idea or policy are the most critical of it.The speaker claims that people who are the most firmly committed to an idea or policy are the same people who are most critical of that idea or policy. While I find this claim paradoxical on its face, the paradox is explainable, and the explanation is well supported empirically. Nevertheless, the claim is an unfair generalization in that it fails to account for other empirical evidence serving to discredit it.A threshold problem with the speakers claim is that its internal logic is questionable. At first impression it would seem that firm commitment to an idea or policy necessarily requires the utmost confidence in it, and yet one cannot have a great deal of confidence in an idea or policy if one recognizes its flaws, drawbacks, or other problems. Thus commitment and criticism would seem to be mutually exclusive. But are they? One possible explanation for the paradox is that individuals most firmly committed to an idea or policy are often the same people who are most knowledgeable on the subject, and therefore are in the best position to understand and appreciate the problems with the idea or policy.Lending credence to this explanation for the paradoxical nature of the speakers claim are the many historical cases of uneasy marriages between commitment to and criticism of the same idea or policy. For example, Edward Teller, the so-called father of the atom bomb, was firmly committed to Americas policy of gaining military superiority overthe Japanese and the Germans; yet at the same time he attempted fervently to dissuade the U.S. military from employing his technology for destruction, while becoming the most visible advocate for various peaceful and productive applications of atomic energy. Another example is George Washington, who was quoted as saying that all the worlds denizens should abhor war wherever they may find it. Yet this was the same military general who played a key role in the Revolutionary War between Britain and the States. A third example was Einstein, who while committed to the mathematical soundness of his theories about relativity could not reconcile them with the equally compelling quantum theory which emerged later in Einsteins life. In fact, Einstein spent the last twenty years of his life criticizing his own theories and struggling to determine how to reconcile them with newer theories.In the face of historical examples supporting the speakers claim are innumerable influential individuals who were zealously committed to certain ideas and policies but who were not critical of them, at least not outwardly. Could anyone honestly claim, for instance, that Elizabeth Stanton and Susan B. Anthony, who in the late 19th Century paved the way for the womens rights movement by way of their fervent advocacy, were at the same time highly critical or suspicious of the notion that women deserve equal rights under the law? Also, would it not be absurd to claim that Mahatma Gandhi and Martin Luther King, historys two leading advocates of civil disobedience as a means to social reform, had serious doubts about the ideals to which they were so demonstrably committed? Finally, consider the two ideologues and revolutionaries Lenin and Mussolini. Is it even plausible that their demonstrated commitment to their own Communist and Fascist policies, respectively, belied some deep personal suspicion about the merits of these policies? To my knowledge no private writing of any of these historical figures lends any support to the claim that these leaders were particularly critical of their own ideas or policies.To sum up, while at first glance a deep commitment to and incisivecriticism of the same idea or policy would seem mutually exclusive, it appears they are not. Thus the speakers claim has some merit. Nevertheless, for every historical case supporting the speakers claim are many others serving to refute it. In the final analysis, then, the correctness of the speakers assertion must be determined on a case-by-case basis.GRE考试写作范文IssueTradition and modernization are incompatible. One must choose between them.Must we choose between tradition and modernization, as the speaker contends? I agree that in certain cases the two are mutually exclusive. For the most part, however, modernization does not reject tradition; in fact, in many cases the former can and does embrace the latter.In the first place, oftentimes so-called modernization is actually an extension or new iteration of tradition, or a variation on it. This is especially true in language and in law. The modern English language, in spite of its many words that are unique to modern Western culture, is derived from, and builds upon, a variety of linguistic traditions--and ultimately from the ancient Greek and Latin languages. Were we to insist on rejecting traditional in favor of purely modern language, we would have essentially nothing to say. Perhaps an even more striking marriage of modernization and tradition is our system of laws in the U.S., which is deeply rooted in English common-law principles of equity and justice. Our system requires that new, so-called modern laws be consistent with, and in fact build upon, those principles.In other areas modernization departs from tradition in some respects, while embracing it in others. In the visual arts, for example, modern designs, forms, and elements are based on certain timeless aesthetic ideals--such as symmetry, balance, and harmony. Modern art that violates these principles might hold ephemeral appeal due to its novelty andbrashness, but its appeal lacks staying power. An even better example from the arts is modern rock-and-roll music, which upon first listening might seem to bear no resemblance to classical music traditions. Yet, both genres rely on the same twelve-note scale, the same notions of what harmonies are pleasing to the ear, the same forms, the same rhythmic meters, and even many of the same melodies.I concede that, in certain instances, tradition must yield entirely to the utilitarian needs of modern life. This is true especially when it comes to architectural traditions and the value of historic and archeological artifacts. A building of great historic value might be located in the only place available to a hospital desperately needing additional parking area. An old school that is a prime example of a certain architectural style might be so structurally unsafe that the only practicable way to remedy the problem would be to raze the building to make way for a modern, structurally sound one. And when it comes to bridges whose structural integrity is paramount to public safety, modernization often requires no less than replacement of the bridge altogether. However, in other such cases architecturally appropriate retrofits can solve structural problems without sacrificing history and tradition, and alternative locations for new buildings and bridges can be found in order to preserve tradition associated with our historic structures. Thus, even in architecture, tradition and modernization are not necessarily mutually exclusive options.To sum up, in no area of human endeavor need modernization supplant, reject, or otherwise exclude tradition. In fact, in our modern structures, architecture andGRE考试写作范文IssueBecause of television and worldwide computer connections, people can now become familiar with a great many places that they have never visited. As a result, tourism will soon become obsolete.The speaker asserts that television and computer connectivity will soon render tourism obsolete. I agree that these technologies might eventually serve to reduce travel for certain purposes other than tourism. However, I strongly disagree that tourism will become obsolete, or that it will even decline, as a result.As for the claim that television will render tourism obsolete, we already have sufficient empirical evidence that this will simply not happen. For nearly a half-century we have been peering through our television sets at other countries and cultures; yet tourism is as popular today as ever. In fact, tourism has been increasing sharply during the last decade, which has seen the advent of television channels catering exclusively to our interest in other cultures and countries. The more reasonable conclusion is that television has actually served to spark our interest in visiting other places.It is somewhat more tempting to accept the speakers further claim that computer connectivity will render tourism obsolete. However, the speaker unfairly assumes that the purpose of tourism is simply to obtain information about other people and places. Were this the case, I would entirely agree that the current information explosion spells the demise of tourism. But, tourism is not primarily about gathering information. Instead, it is about sensory experience--seeing and heating firsthand, even touching and smelling. Could anyone honestly claim that seeing a picture or even an enhanced 3-D movie of the Swiss Alps serves as a suitable substitute for riding a touting motorcycle along narrow roads traversing those mountains? Surely not. The physical world is laden with a host of such delights that we humans are compelled to experience firsthand as tourists.Moreover, in my view tourism will continue to thrive for the same reason that people still go out for dinner or to the movies: we all need to get away from our familiar routines and surroundings from time to 6me.Will computer connectivity alter this basic need? Certainly not. In short, tourism is a manifestation of a basic human need for variety and for exploration. This basic need is why humans have come to inhabit every corner of the Earth, and will just as surely inhabit other planets of the solar system.In fact, computer connectivity might actually provide a boon for tourism. The costs of travel and accommodations are likely to decrease due to Internet price competition. Even more significantly, to the extent that the Internet enhances communication among the worlds denizens, our level of comfort and trust when it comes to dealing with people from other cultures will only increase. As a result, many people who previously would not have felt safe or secure traveling to strange lands will soon venture abroad with a new sense of confidence.Admittedly, travel for purposes other than tourism might eventually decline, as the business world becomes increasingly dependent on the Internet. Products that can be reduced to digital bits and bites can now be shipped anywhere in the world without any human travel. And the volume of business-related trips will surely decline in the future, as teleconferencing becomes more readily available. To the extent that business travelers play tourist during business trips, tourism will decline as a result. Yet it would be absurd to claim that these phenomena alone will render tourism obsolete.In sum, while business travel might decline as a result of global connectivity, tourism is likely to increase as a result. Global connectivity, especially the Internet, can only pique our curiosity about other peoples, cultures, and places. Tourism helps satisfy that curiosity, as well as satisfying a fundamental human need to experience new things first-hand and to explore the world.GRE考试写作范文IssueHigh-speed electronic communications media, such as electronic mail and television, tend to prevent meaningful and thoughtful communication.Do high-speed means of communication, particularly television and computers, tend to prevent meaningful and thoughtful communication, as the speaker suggests? Although ample empirical evidence suggests so with respect to television, the answer is far less dear when it comes to communication via computers.Few would argue that since its inception broadcast television has greatly enhanced communication to the masses. The circulation of even the most widely read newspapers pales compared to the number of viewers of popular television news programs. Yet traditional television is a one-way communications medium, affording viewers no opportunity to engage those so-called talking heads in dialogue or respond. Of course, there is nothing inherent about television that prevents us from meaningful and thoughtful communication with each other. In fact, in televisions early days it was a fairly common occurrence for a family to gather around the television together for their favorite show, then afterwards discuss among themselves what they had seen and heard. Yet over time television has proven itself to serve primarily as a baby-sitter for busy parents, and as an means of escape for those who wish to avoid communicating with the people around them. Moreover, in the pursuit of profit, network executives have determined over time that the most effective uses of the medium are for fast-paced entertainment and advertising--whose messages are neither thoughtful nor meaningful.Do computers offer greater promise for thoughtful and reflective communication than television? Emphatically, yes. After all, media such as email and the Web are interactive by design. And the opportunity for two-way communication enhances the chances of meaningful and thoughtful communication. Yet their potential begs the question: Do these media in fact serve those ends? It is tempting to hasten that the answer isyes with respect to email; after are, weve all heard stories about how email has facilitated reunions of families and old friends, and newlong-distance friendships and romances. Moreover, it would seem that two-way written communication requires far more thought and reflection than verbal conversation. Nevertheless, email is often used to avoidface-to-face encounters, and in practice is used as a means of distributing quick memos. Thus on balance it appears that email serves as an impediment, not an aide, to thoughtful and reflective communication.With respect to Web-based communication, the myriad of educational sites, interactive and otherwise, is strong evidence that the Web tends to enhance, rather than prevent, meaningful communication. Distance learning courses made possible by the Web lend further credence to this assertion. Nonetheless, by all accounts it appears that the Web will ultimately devolve into a mass medium for entertainment and for e-commerce, just like traditional television. Meaningful personal interactivity is already yielding to advertising, requests for product information, buy-sell orders, and titillating adult-oriented content.Thus, on balance these high-speed electronic media do indeed tend to prevent rather than facilitate meaningful and thoughtful communication. In the final analysis, any mass medium carries the potential for uplifting us, enlightening us, and helping us to communicate with and understand one another. However, by all accounts, television has not fulfilled that potential; and whether the Web will serve us any better is ultimately up to us as a society.。
GRE issue 总结
1、As people rely on 表态+论述观点：中立偏否定1、科技确实对人有巨大帮助，减轻了人的思维负担：a、电子计算器帮助人们完成复杂计算，推动数学及相关领域发展；b、电脑由于其强大的功能可以被应用在几乎所有领域，成为人们思考和解决问题的重要工具；c、科技使得人们的研究领域大为扩展，同时拓展了人类的思维（intellection）和认知（perception）2、不得不说，很多情况下科技确实造成人类独立思维能力的下降：a、依赖计算器完成简单计算，运算能力下降；b、便利的科技造成人们懒于思考，而习惯于通过技术手段求助；c、通讯技术发展造成交流形式快速化，交流能力减退3、尽管如此，采用科技仍然利大于弊（outweigh）：a、科技确实减退了人类某些方面的思维能力，但主要集中在重复性（accurate）和精确性（precise）的领域，而独立思维寻求解决方法的能力并不受影响，反而被提升；b、部分能力下降相对于获得的实际利益和扩展人类的思维空间是值得的；c、科技本身没有错，很多时候是由于我们过度或不当的运用结论：尽管科技对人类思维的不良影响将持续讨论，我仍然认为只要我们正确运用科技，其弊端是可以削弱的，而优点则会极大地使我们受益。
2、To understand the most important characteristic表态+论述观点：偏否定1、不可否认，主要城市某些程度上可以代表一个国家及其社会的特性：a、主要城市往往是一个社会最强大繁华的地区，其特性影响了这个社会的特性，比如伦敦设计师偏爱格子型花纹（plaid），逐渐成为英国特色；b、由于主要城市往往汇聚了来自全国的人士，则各地特色的融合形成了该城市的特色，进而代表了该国社会的特色2、然而，这种代表性（representativeness）正在逐渐消退a、当今全球化程度日趋提高造成代表性下降，各国社会的主要城市逐渐趋同（skyscrapers），丧失独特个性；b、另一方面，某一社会各个地区发展程度差异很大，尤其在许多developing country造成主要城市反而成为特例，如中国，北京、上海等城市的繁华不能说明中国的发达，许多乡村地区非常落后3、事实上，由于主要城市代表性的下降，我们很难仅仅通过研究他们理解社会特性，而要针对不同社会的实际情况进行选择。
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我在准备 issue 过程中用到的查到的一些词及词组， 我发现在引用例子的时候很多时候是知 道用中文怎么说却常常被一个词的英文说法而难住了， 所以我就一个个都查了出来， 可能不 能满足大家所有的要求，也希望对大家有点帮助吧，祝大家杀 G 成功：1） The flight of Ap olio 11; lunarian di ng missio n，阿波罗11号的登月计划另外，Ap olio 13号的登月很惊险，大家可能都知道吧看过电影“阿波罗13”的人都知道 这段历史吧不知道的兄弟姐妹上百度搜一下就知道啦！ ，还有，“挑战者号” Challenger ； 哥伦比亚号 Columbia 2） 杨氏双缝实验（大学物理讲过的，呵呵） ：You ng ' double-slit exp erime nt ，严格来说，这个实验是用 classical theory cannot explain，这里面涉及到 quantum theory ，即量子理论， 我不是学物理的， 但是据我查的资料上说， 其实人类对量子理论并没有完全地 明白，也没法用它解释一切， 这个观点我觉得可能用来说明人类的认识过程是由不知到知的 认识过程，要用发展的眼光来看问题。
3） 火星登月计划： Mars Explorationfor the assembly, test and launch to the film Titanic and Pearl Harbor 球车的意思，同理 Mars rover ．4） Man hattan P roject ，曼哈顿计划，就是当年Ei nstein 和Oppen heimer （奥本海默，这小子狠， 被称为原子弹之父， 一定要记住， 这小子在听说美国在对 Hiroshima ，即日本广 岛投原子弹之后， 曾感叹自己当初不应该研制原子弹 which 给人类带来了灾难， 科技与人性 的题目能用到）5） 多利 Dolly 转基因技术：double-helix克里克 ,Wastonand Crick6） 二战纳粹德国在活人上做实验， 用大量的犹太妇女人活体实验为的是研制避孕药contraceptive ）7） 关于丑闻：Billscandal ；兴奋剂： n. molestation ；8） 垃圾邮件：不要再说junk mail 啦，老土！有个更 native 的词：spam,记住哟！9） 环境问题：氟利昂： freon ，臭氧层： ozonosphere/ ozone layer ，臭氧空洞： ozone hole ；赤潮： red tide 10） 关于美国总统：刺杀总统；岂今为止,美国一共有四位总统被刺杀,第一位是 Abraham Lincoln, 最后一位是 John F. Kennedy ,还有许多刺杀未遂的,比如刺杀 Roosevelt , Truman 等等,这可以被 用来例子表明领导者不可能让每一个人都满意．另外, 罗斯福是个残疾人, 大家知道吧脊髓灰质炎导致坐在轮椅上, 的病,挺奇怪, 小儿麻痹并不是像我们想象的那样只能小时候得谈到杜鲁门, 当年美国的曼哈顿计划是罗斯福批的, 知道美国要研究原子弹的人并不多, 加研制的科学家都不知道自己在从事什么研究工作, 保密工作做的相当严密, 福下台,杜鲁门上台的时候都不知道美国已经研制出了原子弹． 11） 北美最大范围的停电：blackout （or power failure ）in eastern US and CanadaRover Mission which costs $425 million every year process which is just the same amount as it costs ，哇，够狠，老美有钱！另外， moon rover 是月，不用说了， 我想顺着这只名羊提一提关于基因工程 （ genetic engineering ） ， transgenics ，人体胚胎： human embryo ,DNA 分子双螺旋结构：thestructure of DNA,还有两个牛人，就是发现DNA 分子双螺旋结构的沃森和oralClinton ' s sexual scandal with Monica Lewinsky ；Nixon ' s Watergate stimulant ；猥亵 （针对那个把自己黑皮染白的那个小子的） ：v. molest; Kobe Bryant Rape case;不过他并不是小时候得 我得多说一句， 甚至许多后来参 以致后来罗斯人类对科技依赖的例证. 12） 巨牛的深蓝电脑，就是下棋的那个 Deep Blue ，是IBM 的电脑，有2 5 6个processor , 另外IBM 还有个别称Big Blue 13） 直线加速器 lin ear accelerator ，回旋加速器 cyclotro n accelerator 14） 永动机 perp etual moti on mach ine 15） 名人 Albeit Einstein : photo electronic effect （光电效应）;question classical mechanics, qua ntum theory,不要墨守成规 stick to conven tio ns, 头脑要灵活，不能太固执 adama nt/ obsti nate/ stubbor n/ headstr ong ，质能方程： mass-e nergy equati on Galileo : did exp erime nt on Lea ning Tower of P isa to discover law of uniform accelerati on of falli ng bodies; discovered that moon shines with reflected light; denoun ced for advocati ng Copern ica n system ;was later tried by Inq uisiti on （ 法庭）and forced to recant （改变信仰）； 哥白尼 Copernicus ，日心说： sun-centered system 地心说： earth-centered system 布鲁诺 Bruno ,火刑 be burned at stake Isaac Newt on :经典力学 classical mecha nics, inspired by the falli ng apple; 宗教 Hegel 黑格尔：1770 — 1831 German philosopher; oppo sites in flue need Existe ntialists, Marx, etc. Karl Marx 的辩证唯物主义来自于黑格尔的辩证法 物论 Vincent van Gogh :梵高，作品 sun flower Monet 莫奈 作品 sun rise Steven Hawking: British theoretical physicist 万有弓丨力 uni versal gravitati on sta nd on the shoulders of gia ntshis dialectic process dialectic 和费尔巴哈 ,be for reconciling Feuerbach 的唯 no ted for his research of the uni verse. His work in flue need the deve lopment of the 炸理论）and black hole （黑洞）theory Mandela （曼德拉）,（struggle against segregation in South Africa ） the South African black p olitical leader and former p reside nt, was awarded 1993 Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts to an tiracism and an tia partheid . Nels on Man dela is one of the great moral and p olitical leaders of our time: an intern ati onal hero whose lifelo ng dedication to the fight against racial oppression in South Africa won him the Nobel Peace Prize and the presidency of his country. Since his triumphant release in 1990 from more tha n a quarter-ce ntury of imprisonment, Man dela has bee n at the cen tre of the most comp ell ing and inspiring p olitical drama in the world. He is revered everywhere as a vital force in the fight for huma n rights and racial equality. Beethoven , the German Composer, began to lose his hearing in 1801 and was entirely deaf by 1819. However, this obstacle could not kee p him from beco ming one of the most famous and prolific composers in art history. His music, including 9 symphonies, 5 piano concertos, several senates and so on, forms a transition from classical to roma ntic compo siti on. In dividual, Compani es, Leadersh ip and Internal con trol into the origin big ba ng （宇宙大爆 Discrim in at ing services ______may cause misun dersta nding and unpl easa nt best exa mple is [Toshiba |, one of the largest Japanese companies. In 2000, the Companyannounced that among no tebook compu ters it p roduced, one model had serious defect. Users inNorth America could choose either rep laceme nts with an up graded model or full refund. However, no such offer for users in China. Chin ese users were outraged at the company's discrim in atio n and refused to use any of Toshiba's no tebook compu ters.What the company lost is not only the temporary reve nue but also the con sumer's con fide nee, which con tribute to the Ion g-term success of the company.Roosevelt : the 32nd p reside nt and the only p reside nt elected for 4th terms (1933-45); developed reforms and projectsknown as the NewDeal. Under his sagacious leadership,America successfully walked out the shadow of Recession and conquered the notorious fascism in the Second World War. And accord ing to a p oil con ducted at Harvard in 1950, Roosevelt is highly renowned as one of the greatest p reside nt of America n, ranking only after Wash ington and Lincoln.Washin gton : 1st p reside nt of the U.S. (1789-1797); established many p recede nts thatp erma nen tly sha ped the character of the office of p reside nt; uni versally regarded as father of his cou ntry. Abraham Li ncol n: 16th p reside nt of the . (1861-65);successfully preserved the Union during the American Civil War; issued Emancipation Proclamation freeing all slaves in rebelling states; made famous address dedicating cemetery at Gettysburg; assass in ated five days after end of Civil War.Jefferson : chief author of Declarati on of Independence (1776); 3d p reside nt of the .(1801*09); pu rchased Louisia na from France, sent Lewis and Clark to explore it; prohibited importation of slaves; instrumentalin founding U. of Virginia.From him we can see the importance initially laid upon education. He required to carve such epitaph on his tombstone as ‘ chief author of Independence; author of the Freedom Law of Religi on in Virginia; Father of the Virginia Uni. ' Without mentioning of his presidency. It reflected viv status of educati on in Jeffers on ‘ s heart and this status was in herited by his successors. It is why American ‘ s being super power of the world today.Wright Brothers( 怀特兄弟 ):Itlasted only 12 sec on ds, but those 12 seco ndschanged history.On December 17, 1903, two brothersnamedOrville and Wilbur Wrightmade the first airpla ne flight哥俩的飞机就在天上呆了12秒.Marie Curie : p robed the mysteries of radioactivity and X rays. In 1903, she and her husba nd won the Nobel Prize in p hysics, one of the most important awardsinscienee. In 1911, Marie Curie won a second Nobel Prize, this time inchemistry.Sheis one of very few people in history to win two Nobel p rizes. Martin Luther King, Jr. I have a dream that my four littlechildren willoneday live in a n ati on where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character. I have a dream today!”Captain James Cook : sailed around the world twice. He was the first European to reach Hawaii and New Zeala nd Osama bin Laden Confucius 孑L 子，Mencius 孟子his progenies Declaratio n ofidly what a注：下面的表格是我转贴的，并非原创，但是我也加工了一些，特别是对于一些词的英文说法，也算是站在巨人的肩膀上吧嘿嘿幸福的和谐。