初中英语动词不定式的基本用法(2)(最新整理)
初中英语知识点归纳动词不定式的基本用法
初中英语知识点归纳动词不定式的基本用法动词不定式是英语中的一种非谓语动词形式,通常由动词原形加上to 构成。
它具有名词、形容词和副词的性质,可以在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语和补语等成分。
本文将对动词不定式的基本用法进行归纳总结。
一、动词不定式作主语动词不定式作主语时,常常位于句首,具有强调的作用。
常见的句型有:1. To learn English well is my goal.学好英语是我的目标。
2. To drink eight glasses of water a day is beneficial to our health.每天喝八杯水对我们的健康有益。
二、动词不定式作宾语动词不定式可以作及物动词的宾语,常常跟在动词后面。
常见的动词有:1. want, hope, expect, plan, decide, promise, agree 等。
例如:I want to go to the park this weekend.我想这个周末去公园。
2. advise, encourage, allow, enable, force, teach 等。
例如:His teacher encourages him to learn new words every day.他的老师鼓励他每天学习新单词。
三、动词不定式作表语动词不定式可以作表语,说明主语的身份、职业、愿望等。
常见的句型有:1. His dream is to become a doctor.他的梦想是成为一名医生。
2. Our aim is to win the game.我们的目标是赢得比赛。
四、动词不定式作补语动词不定式可以作及物动词的宾语补语和形容词的补足语。
常见的动词有:1. make, let, see, hear, watch, feel, notice, observe 等。
例如:She made her son do his homework.她让她的儿子做作业。
初中英语关于动词不定式的用法详解
初中英语关于动词不定式的用法详解在初中英语的学习中,动词不定式是一个非常重要的语法点。
掌握好动词不定式的用法,对于我们正确理解和运用英语句子有着至关重要的作用。
接下来,让我们一起详细了解一下动词不定式的用法。
动词不定式的构成很简单,就是“to +动词原形”,例如“to play”“to study”等。
但它的用法却多种多样。
一、作主语动词不定式作主语时,常常为了避免句子头重脚轻,常用 it 作形式主语,而把真正的主语——动词不定式后置。
例如:“It is important to learn English well”(学好英语很重要。
)这里真正的主语是“to learn English well”,“It”只是一个形式上的主语。
二、作宾语一些动词后需要接动词不定式作宾语,常见的有:want(想要),hope(希望),decide(决定),expect(期望),pretend(假装)等。
例如:“I want to go shopping this weekend”(这个周末我想去购物。
)“He decided to study harder”(他决定更努力学习。
)三、作宾语补足语有些动词后面需要接带 to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语,常见的有:ask(要求),tell(告诉),want(想要),teach(教),wish(希望)等。
例如:“My mother asks me to clean the room”(我妈妈叫我打扫房间。
)“The teacher tells us to read more books”(老师告诉我们要多读些书。
)四、作定语动词不定式作定语时,要放在被修饰的名词或代词之后。
例如:“I have a lot of homework to do”(我有很多作业要做。
)“There is no timeto waste”(没有时间可以浪费了。
)五、作状语1、目的状语动词不定式可以用作目的状语,表示某一动作或行为的目的。
初中英语知识点归纳不定式的用法
初中英语知识点归纳不定式的用法不定式是英语中的一种动词形式,由"to"加上动词原形构成。
在句子中,不定式可以作为动词、名词或形容词的补语,具有多种用法。
本文将归纳初中英语中不定式的用法。
一、不定式作动词的宾语不定式可以作为动词的宾语,表示动作或状态的延续。
例如:1. I want to go shopping.(我想去购物。
)2. She likes to sing.(她喜欢唱歌。
)3. They plan to visit Beijing.(他们计划去北京旅游。
)二、不定式作主语不定式可以作为句子的主语,通常用于表示抽象概念或一般情况。
例如:1. To learn a foreign language is important.(学习一门外语很重要。
)2. To eat healthily is good for us.(健康饮食对我们有益。
)3. To be honest is necessary.(诚实是必要的。
)三、不定式作目的状语(表示目的或原因)不定式可以表示某种动作或状态的目标或目的。
例如:1. I bought a new dictionary to improve my English.(我买了一本新字典来提高我的英语水平。
)2. We need to work hard in order to achieve our goals.(我们需要努力工作以实现我们的目标。
)3. He goes to the gym every day to keep fit.(他每天去健身房保持健康。
)四、不定式作结果状语(表示结果)不定式可以表示某种动作或状态的结果。
例如:1. The weather was so bad as to cancel the flight.(天气太糟糕导致航班取消。
)2. He was too tired to continue working.(他太累了不能继续工作。
最全面英语动词不定式的用法归纳整理总结
动词不定式的归纳总结动词不定式是由“to+动词原形”构成的,否定形式为“not to+动词原形”构成的,这里的to没有词义,只是为了构成不定式的一种符号,是非谓语动词形式的一种,动词不定式在句中不能独立作谓语,除了不能作谓语以外,其他成分都可以作,因此,在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补足语。
❶ 动词不定式做主语:这种情况一般要改成it作形式主语的形式,后接不定式,为了避免头重脚轻。
●“It is+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.”意为“做某事对某人来说是…的”中句中的形容词多为描述性的词语,不对人或物的品格进行评价,如difficult, easy, hard, inportant, dangerous, inpossible等。
eg To learn English is very important for me 对我来说学英语很重要。
=It is very important for me to learn English.For you to make more friends is a good plan. 广交朋友是个好办法。
= It's a good plan for you to make more friends.●“It is+形容词+of sb.+to do sth.”意为"做某事对某人来说是…的”。
其中句中的形容词用于描述人的性格、品质, 如:kind, good, nice, right, wrong, clever, careless, polite, foolish 等。
eg It was stupid of him to press the emergency button. 他按了紧急按钮,这真愚蠢。
❷ 本单元我们主要学习动词不定式作宾语的用法:现就动词不定式作宾语的用法介绍如下:●谓语动词+动词不定式,此类动词很多,常见的有:want, like, wish, hate, prefer, hope, continue, manage, try, ask, offer(主动提出), start, forget, promise, mean, pretend(假装), intend(打算), begin, attempt(试图), decide, learn, desire (渴望), agree, care, choose, determine(查明), undertake(承担,承诺),expect 等eg Some students hate to study English. 有些学生不喜欢研读英语。
UC头条:八年级上册英语语法:最全动词不定式的用法详解
UC头条:八年级上册英语语法:最全动词不定式的用法详解点击加载图片八年级上册英语语法:最全动词不定式的用法详解一、动词不定式的用法动词不定式的定义:(1)含有动词(2)to+do(动词原形)结构(3)是非谓语动词动词不定式可充当的成分:(1)主语(2)宾语(3)定语(4)状语(5)宾补(6)表语注意:动词不定式是非谓语动词,不能作谓语(一)动词不定式作主语作主语,可以用it代替,it叫形式主语,动词不定式放在后面叫真正主语1.Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasy.Itisnoteasytolearnafor eignlanguage.2.It’sdangeroustodriveveryfast.Tohaveawalkisgoodforyou.散步是对你有益的。
主语系动词表语解析:haveawalk(散步)是动词短语,不能直接作主语;Tohaveawalk(散步)是动词不定式,可作主语(二)动词不定式作宾语1.如果宾语太长,可用it作形式宾语,构成“主语+谓语+it+宾语补足语(名词或形容词)+todosth”结构,谓语动词常为find、think、feel等。
Ithinkit'stooeasytosolvethisproblem.我认为解决这个问题太简单了。
Ifounditdifficulttostophim.我发现拦截他很困难。
Iwanttohaveawalk.(我)〈想要〉{去散步}。
(主语)〈谓词〉{宾语}解析:动词不定式tohaveawalk(去散步)是want(想要)的内容,作want(想要)的宾语2.常可接动词不定式作宾语的动词有:agree同意/hope希望/decide决定/need需要/mean打算/wish希望/fail(失败)/want想要/begin开始/wouldlike想要/Ask请求/beg乞求/leave离开/like/love喜欢/hate(讨厌)/prefer宁愿/order命令/teach教/tell/告诉/believe相信/find/找出/know/知道/want/想要/think认为/understand明白,理解,懂得3.后面跟动词不定式的动词口诀有:1)三个希望两答应wishhopewantpromisagree2)两个要求莫拒绝askbegrefuse3)想要明白与知道wouldlikeunderstandknow4)教会告诉要相信teachtellbelieve5)找出爱恨区别点findlovehateHehasdecidedtogotothecountryside.他已决心去乡下。
解读初中阶段动词不定式的用法
解读初中阶段动词不定式的用法一、动词不定式的基础概念动词不定式呢,就像是英语语法里的一个小魔法棒。
它是由“to+动词原形”构成的,这可不能随便改哦。
比如说“to go”“to eat”“to play”,这些都是动词不定式的小模样。
在初中英语里呀,它就像个调皮的小精灵,到处跑来跑去,出现在好多不同的地方呢。
二、动词不定式作主语有时候,动词不定式会大摇大摆地跑到句子前面去当主语。
就像“To learn English well is very important”(学好英语是非常重要的)。
不过呢,我们有时候也会用it来代替它作形式主语,真正的主语动词不定式就躲在后面啦,就像“It is very important to learn English well”。
这就好像是动词不定式有点害羞,让it先出来顶着呢。
三、动词不定式作宾语它还特别喜欢当宾语呢。
比如说,很多动词后面都可以接动词不定式,像“want”这个词,“I want to drink some water”(我想要喝点水),这里的“to drink”就是动词不定式作“want”的宾语啦。
还有“decide”“hope”这些词也经常带着动词不定式这个小跟班。
四、动词不定式作宾语补足语它还能当宾语补足语呢。
例如在“ask sb. to do sth.”这个结构里,“The teacher asks me to clean the blackboard”(老师让我擦黑板),“to clean”就是作“me”的宾语补足语啦。
这就好像是给宾语加上了一个小任务,让它变得更完整。
五、动词不定式作定语动词不定式作定语的时候也很有趣。
它就像个小标签,贴在名词的后面。
比如“I have a lot of homework to do”(我有很多作业要做),“to do”就是用来修饰“homework”的,告诉我们这个“homework”是用来做的,而不是其他用途的。
初中英语 不定式用法
初中英语不定式用法不定式是英语的一种非谓语动词形式,由"to + 动词原形"构成,具有名词、形容词和副词的特点。
在初中英语学习中,不定式的用法多种多样,本文将从不定式作主语、宾语、表语、宾补、定语、状语等角度进行论述。
一、不定式作主语1. 不定式作主语可以单独使用或与形容词、名词、动名词等连用。
例如:To learn English well is my goal.(单独使用)It is important to take care of our environment.(与形容词连用)Her dream is to become a doctor.(与名词连用)His hobby is to play basketball with friends.(与动名词连用)二、不定式作宾语1. 部分动词后面接不定式作宾语。
例如:I want to be a teacher.(want后面接不定式作宾语)She likes to sing songs.(like后面接不定式作宾语)He doesn't know how to solve the math problem.(know后面接不定式作宾语)2. 动词后面接不定式作宾语,宾语补足语接不定式。
例如:They made him leave the party early.(leave后面接不定式作宾语,him为宾语补足语)We saw them dancing on the stage.(dancing后面接不定式作宾语,them为宾语补足语)3. 动词后面接不定式作宾语,还可以接代词的宾格形式。
例如:She asked me to help her with the homework.(ask后面接不定式作宾语,me为宾语补足语)He told us not to be late for the meeting.(tell后面接不定式作宾语,us为宾语补足语)三、不定式作表语1. 不定式作表语可以表示状态或指代动作。
英语中动词不定式的用法
2.— I wish you had brought your family with you.
— I’ll get them ___B____ next time.
A. coming
B. to come
C. come
D. have come
解析:使役动词get后跟带to的动词不定 式作宾补,let,make, have后跟省to的 动词不定式作宾补。
The boy is too young to dress himself.(同上)
当too…to…结构中的不定式前有形容词 nervous, pleased, willing, happy, delighted, glad等时,to后面译作肯定。
They are too nervous to leave. 当too前有only时,only too …to…译作肯定。
We have much homework to do everyday.
4.动词不定式作表语
动词不定式常放在系动词(be动词)后作表 语,有时也放在其他少数连系动词如: remain, seem, sound等后。
当表语是动词不定式时,作主语的谓语动词也 只能是动词不定式,即主语和表语结构要一致 或对称。
We can do nothing but wait.
5.动词不定式作宾补
常要求跟动词不定式作宾补的动词有:
(1)可接带to的不定式作宾补的动词有:
ask, get, allow, forbid, prefer, force, inspire, advise, cause, tell, order, warn, teach, permit, wish, invite, encourage等
英语动词不定式的用法(详细版)
英语动词不定式的用法(详细版) 英语中的动词不定式在考试中是比较常见的。
不定式在句子中可做主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补语。
以下是动词不定时的用法解析。
1)动词不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。
【例如】 To complete the 30 storied building in one year was quite a difficult task. To do that implies taking responsibility. 当主语较长,谓语较短时,常用it做形式主语,而将不定式放到谓语的后面。
【例如】 It is important for modern young people to master at least two foreign languages. It做形式主语,不定式放在谓语动词之后常用于下列结构中: a) It is+形容词(easy, important, difficult, foolish, inconvenient, unnecessary, right, wrong...)+( for/of sb.)+不定式 【例如】 It is essential to reserve a table in advance of Christmas Eve. It is hard to put my hopessintoswords. It is not easy to catch fish with your hands only. It is important for us young people to learn English and master it. b) It is+名词(a pleasure, a pity, a pleasant thing, one’s du ty, an honor, a shame, a crime, no easy job...)+不定式 It is a sheer waste of time to read that kind of trash. It is a pity to have to go without her. It is a glorious death to die for the people. c) It takes (sb.) some time (hours, months, days, a lot of time, patience...)+不定式 It takes me three hours to learn English each day. It took them half the night to get home in the snow. 2)动词不定式作表语不定式作表语常表示将来的动作,主语常常是表示意向、打算、计划的词,如wish, idea, task, purpose, duty, job等。
初中英语知识点归纳动词的不定式与动名词的用法
初中英语知识点归纳动词的不定式与动名词的用法动词的不定式与动名词是英语中常见的两种动词形式,它们在句子中有各自独特的用法。
本文将对初中英语中动词的不定式与动名词的用法进行归纳总结。
一、动词的不定式的用法1. 不定式作为主语不定式可以作为句子的主语,常用的句型有:- To study English is important.- To succeed needs hard work.- To learn a foreign language is challenging.2. 不定式作为宾语不定式可以作为及物动词的宾语,常用的动词有:- want, hope, plan, decide等。
例如:- She wants to go shopping.- They hope to win the game.- I plan to visit my grandparents next week.3. 不定式作为表语不定式也可以作为句子的表语,常用的句型有:- The best way to learn is to practice.- His dream is to become a doctor.- My goal is to travel around the world.4. 不定式作为状语不定式可以作为状语修饰动词、形容词或副词。
常用的句型有:- I woke up early to catch the train.- She was too tired to continue working.- He spoke slowly to make sure everyone understood.二、动名词的用法1. 动名词作为主语动名词可以作为句子的主语,常用的句型有:- Swimming is my favorite sport.- Reading books is a good way to relax.- Playing basketball requires teamwork.2. 动名词作为宾语动名词可以作为及物动词的宾语,常用的动词有:- enjoy, like, love, hate等。
初中阶段动词不定式用法总结
初中阶段动词不定式用法总结动词不定式用法归纳总结1.常见的动词不定式做宾语的情况:choose to do sth 选择做某事hope to do sth希望做某事fail to do sth 做某事失败learn to do sth学会做某事decide to do sth决定做某事continue to do sth继续去做另外一件事begin to do sth开始做某事expect to do sth期待做某事forget to do sth 忘记做某事hate to do sth讨厌做某事help to do sth帮助做某事hope to do sth希望做某事learn to do sth学会做某事manage to do sth 设法做某事mean to do sth打算做某事need to do sth需要做某事offer to do sth需要做某事plan to do sth计划做某事prefer to do sth更喜欢做某事pretend to do sth假装做某事promise to do sth答应做某事refuse to do sth拒绝做某事try to do sth设法/尽力做某事want to do sth想要做某事wish to do sth希望做某事determine to do sth 决定做某事afford to do sth承担起做某事agree to do sth同意做某事start to do sth同意做某事like to do sth喜欢做某事would like to do sth想要做某事find it +形容词+to do sth发现做某事是….2.常见动词不定式做宾语补足语的情况:tell sb to do sth告诉某人做某事ask sb to do sth让某人干某事want sb to do sth想要某人做某事allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事would like sb to do sth想要某人做某事encourage sb to do sth想要某人做某事3.常见动词不定式做定语的情况(做定语时放在所修饰词的后面):(1)something/anything/nothing+(形容词)+不定式(2)名词/代词+不定式eg: I had something cold to drink.He was the first person to come to the classroom.4.疑问词(who,what,which,when,how,where)+不定式eg: We don’t know when to go (做宾语)What to do is an important problem(做主语)The question is when to start.(做表语)5.动词不定式表目的eg: He went to America to learn English6.常见动词不定式做主语的情况(1) it takes sb some time/some money to do sth做某事花费了某人多少时间(2) It’s one’s turn to do sth 轮到某人做某事了(3) It is +形容词+of sb +to do sth.做某事体现出某人的某种品格(4) It is +形容词+for sb +to do sth.做某事对于某人来说太…一些既可接不定式又可接动名词的动词词组的区别:(1)stop to do sth 停下来手头上的事去做另外一件某事stop doing sth 停止做现在手头上的某事(2)remember to do sth 记住要去做某事remember doing sth 记得曾经做过某事(3)forget to do sth 忘记去做某事forget doing sth 忘记曾经做过某事(4) try to do sth 努力去做某事try doing sth 试着做某事(5) go on to do sth 做完一件事,接着去做另外一件事go on doing sth继续不停地做某事(6) allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事allow doing sth允许做某事(7) regret to do sth对要做的事感到遗憾(未做)regret doing sth对做过的事感到遗憾(已做)(8) mean to do sth 打算做某事意味着做某事。
初中英语 不定式用法
初中英语不定式用法不定式用法不定式是英语中的一种非谓语动词形式,由"to"加上动词原形构成。
不定式在句中可以充当名词、形容词或副词。
本文将详细介绍初中英语中的不定式用法。
一、作主语1. 作主语,不定式放在句首。
例如:To learn English well is my goal.(学好英语是我的目标。
)2. 作主语,不定式放在句中。
例如:I want to learn English well.(我想学好英语。
)二、作宾语1. 动词后接不定式作宾语。
例如:He likes to play basketball.(他喜欢打篮球。
)2. 当动词后面有两个宾语时,第一个宾语通常是动词不定式。
例如:I want you to listen to me.(我希望你们听我说。
)三、作表语1. 当主语是不定式时,不定式作表语。
例如:Her dream is to become a doctor.(她的梦想是成为一名医生。
)2. 当主语是it时,不定式作表语。
例如:It is important to eat a healthy diet.(保持健康饮食很重要。
)四、作定语1. 不定式作定语修饰名词。
例如:I have a book to read.(我有本书要读。
)2. 不定式作定语修饰代词。
例如:She gave me something to eat.(她给了我东西吃。
)五、作状语1. 不定式作目的状语。
例如:He went to the shop to buy some bread.(他去商店买面包。
)2. 不定式作结果状语。
例如:We ran fast to catch the bus.(我们跑得很快以赶上公交车。
)3. 不定式作原因状语。
例如:He stayed up late to finish his homework.(他熬夜完成作业。
)六、作补语1. 当及物动词后面有宾语时,不定式作宾补。
初中动词不定式用法讲解
初中动词不定式用法讲解2) XXX停止做某事。
常用句型:1,I XXX.例句:I want to learn how to play the guitar.我想学弹吉他。
2,It + v。
+ sb。
+ to do sth.例句:I asked my friend to help me with my English homework.我请我的朋友帮我做英语作业。
三、动词不定式作表语动词不定式作表语时,常用it作形式主语,真正的主语动词不定式后置。
常用句型:It + be + adj./n。
+ to do sth.例句:It’XXX to learn a foreign language nowadays.现在学一门外语很重要。
四、动词不定式作定语动词不定式作定语时,修饰名词或代词,放在被修饰词的后面。
常用句型:XXX。
+ v。
+ to do sth.例句:The best way to learn English is to XXX.学好英语的最佳方法是与母语为英语的人练口语。
五、动词不定式作状语动词不定式作状语时,修饰动词、形容词、副词等。
常用句型:v./adj./adv。
+ to do sth.例句:XXX up early to catch the first train to the city.他早起赶第一班去城市的火车。
doing something when you are not interested in it anymore。
If you finish one task。
go on to the next one。
Remember to do things that you have not done yet。
and et about things that you have already done。
When XXX attributive。
XXX intransitive verb。
动词不定式6种用法总结
动词不定式6种用法总结动词不定式(infinitive)有以下六种基本用法:1. 作为动词的宾语:动词不定式可以作为另一个动词的宾语,例如:- I want to learn Chinese.(我想学中文。
)- She loves to dance.(她喜欢跳舞。
)2. 作为主语:动词不定式可以作为句子的主语,通常用于表达一般的动作、状态、观点等,例如:- To travel is my dream.(旅行是我的梦想。
)- To wait is boring.(等待很无聊。
)3. 作为表语:动词不定式可以作为动词 "be" 的表语,常用于表达目的、原因、结果等,例如:- The purpose of this meeting is to discuss the new project.(这次会议的目的是讨论新项目。
)- Her suggestion is to study harder.(她的建议是更加努力学习。
)4. 作为定语:动词不定式可以修饰名词或代词,通常用来表示目的、结果、用途等,例如:- The best way to learn a language is to practice speaking.(学习一门语言的最佳方法是练习口语。
)- He needs a pen to write with.(他需要一支可以写字的笔。
)5. 作为状语:动词不定式可以作为句子的状语,表示目的、结果、方式、条件等,常常与动词 "to be" 连用,例如:- She went to the supermarket to buy some groceries.(她去超市买些食品杂货。
)- He ran fast to catch the bus.(他跑得很快,以便赶上公交车。
)6. 作为补语:动词不定式可以作为某些动词的宾语补足语,常用于表示目的、愿望、需求等,例如:- They made her promise to come back.(他们让她答应会回来。
(完整版)初中英语动词不定式用法梳理及练习题(2)
初中英语动词不定式用法动词不定式是由“不定式符号to+动词原形”构成的一种非谓语动词结构。
有些动词不定式不带to,动词不定式可以作句子的主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语、状语或单独使用。
不定式保留动词的某些特性,可以有自己的宾语、状语等。
动词不定式和它后面的宾语、状语等一起构成短语,叫作不定式短语。
一、用作主语直接把动词不定式置于句首的情况不多,多数情况用it作形式主语,把真正的主语——动词不定式置于句末,特别是不定式短语较长时。
动词不定式作主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
带疑问词的不定式短语作主语常置于句首,复合不定式结构作主语常置于句末。
如:1. I t is our duty to try our best to deal with these problems.2.The head teacher said it was necessary to talk with his mother.3.How to learn English well is important.4.To see is to believe.(眼见为实;百闻不如一见)二、用作表语动词不定式作表语,常说明主语的内容、性质、特征。
如:1.The best way is to join an English club.2.The first thing is to listen to the teacher carefully.三、用作宾语1.可以接带to的动词不定式作宾语的动词主要有:要求选择同意(ask, choose, agree),期望决定学习(expect, hope, decide, learn),宁可假装知道(prefer, pretend, know),希望想要愿意(wish, want, would like / love)。
如:1)We decided to talk to some students about why they go there.2)He prefers to eat white bread and rice.3)Id love to visit Mexico.2.动词decide, know, learn, show, teach, tell...,介词结构on...可用疑问词带to的不定式短语作宾语,但why后面的不定式不带to。
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动词不定式(the infinitive)的基本用法动词不定式1. “not/never to do / not do”.2. 基本用法:不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语,没有人称和数的变化。
一、不定式的句法功能1. 作主语eg: It’s very common to raise money in Canadian and American school.不定式做主语时,常用代词it 来代替不定式结构, 这时it 被称为形式主语,而作为句子真正主语的不定式则被后置,往往放v.和adj.之后。
e.g. To learn English well is not easy.= It’s not easy to learn English well.★不定式的逻辑主语有时用“of/for + 名词或代词宾格”构成, 即:跟踪练习1. It’s very nice of them ________ (send) me the flowers.2. _________ (become) a teacher is my dream.3. It’s very important to learn English well.(同义句转换)________ ________ English well ______ very important.4. It’s important _______ Chinese well.A. to learnB. learnC. learningD. learns2. 作表语eg:The best way to raise money is to sell newspapers.表语是用来表示主语的身份、状态和特征等,可与系动词构成系表结构。
eg:Her wish is to study in Ji Yan Middle school.My job is to clean the streets.跟踪练习1. My work is __________ (clean) the room every day.2. His dream is _________ (be) a doctor.3. 作宾语eg:The driver offered to help the patient.有些动词后只能用不定式作宾语,表示命令、打算或希望等。
常见的此类动词有:agree,ask, choose, decide, want, would like, fail, help, hope, plan等。
跟踪练习1.My friends want ________ (book) some tickets to the movie for us.2. My parents decide _______ (give) me more money.3. He plans ________ (go) to Beijing for a holiday.4. The boy hopes ________ (pass) the English exam.5. My little son is able _________ (read) some words.6. I’ll try my best _________ (help) you.7. She would like _________ (become) beautiful.4. 作宾语补足语eg:It allows people to get closer to them.The world wide fund for nature chose the panda to be its symbol.动词不定式作宾语补足语,此类常见的动词有:tell, ask, want, wish, teach, help, order, invite, get, allow, send, lead, encourage, advise, warn, bear, beg, cause, command, drive, elect, expect, forbid, force, hate, intend, leave(留下), like, mean, need, permit, persuade, prefer, remind, train, trouble等36个动词。
即:ask sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事;tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事;invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事;help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事;want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事; allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事; ...eg:My friend invites me to come to his home.I asked Paul to carry the box.其否定形式为:tell sb. not to do sth. 告诉某人不要做某事; ask sb. not to do sth. 让某人不要做某事;warn sb. not to do sth. 警告某人不要做某事;order sb. not to do sth. 命令某人不要做某事;eg:My teacher tells us not to make too much noise.跟踪练习1. Don’t ask Jim _____ (go) swimming with us, because his mother won’t allow him ____ (do) so.2. Does you mother like you ________ a doctor?A. beingB. to beC. areD. become3. My teacher always tells me ________ (study) hard.4. I don’t want you _________ (help) me.5. She’d like me _________ (join) them.6. I wish you ________ (have) a good time.7. My best friends teach me _________ (swim).8. Her boyfriend often invites her _________ (have) dinner.9. My mother always gets my father _________ (do) housework.10. I order you _________ (wash) your hands.★在动词think, believe, know, find, understand, take等之后,作宾补的不定式多由“ to be +adj.”构成。
eg: They find the Chinese people to be happy and cheerful.He believed the earth to be a globe.★在某些短语后也可跟不定式作宾补。
这类动词短语常见的有:wait for, call on, depend on, care for, long for等。
eg: The crocodile waited for the monkey to come down again.The chairman called on Mr. Brown to speak.I shouldn't care for that man to be my doctor.★有些动词后接省去to的动词不定式作宾语补足语,即:动词不定式在使役动词(make,l et,have)或感官动词(feel,listen to,hear,look at,see,watch,notice)之后作宾补时不定式需省去to为了便于记忆,我们可以这样记:“一感”(feel)“二听”(listen,hear)“三让”(let,make,have)“四看”(look at,see,watch,notice)eg:His words makes everyone laugh.His mother let him not watch TV.I felt someone open my door.Please listen to me sing the song again.to的不定式作宾补,也可跟现在分词作宾补。
其区别是:前者强调动作的全过程或经常性;后者则强调动作在进行(片断)。
试比较:I heard her sing.我听见她唱了歌。
◆I heard her singing.我听见她在唱歌。
★个别动词,如: help既可以接带to的不定式,也可以接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。
eg:She helps me (to) do my homework.跟踪练习1. When they went into the park, they saw someone _______ Chinese Kongfu .A. playsB. playedC. to playD. playing2. Mr. Brown made his students _______ the new words again.A. copyingB. copyC. to copyD. copied3. Please let the students _________ down.A. sittingB. satC. sitD. to sit4. --- Is Wei Fang good at singing?--- Yes, she is. We often hear her _____ in her room.A. to singB. singC. singsD. singing5. A strange noise made me ________ (stop) my work.5. 作状语eg:We are sorry to hear that. (作原因状语)Let’s stop to have a rest. (作目的状语)She didn’t work hard enough to pass the exam. (作结果状语)跟踪练习1. She sells flowers _______ make money.A. madeB. makeC. to makeD. to be made2. The room is not big enough _________.A. to live inB. to be lived inC. to liveD. for living3. I’m sorry ______ you.A. troubleB. trouble withC. to troubleD. trouble about4. He is too young _________ (go) to school.6. 作定语eg: I have a lot of homework to do.动词不定式作定语时,通常要放在被修饰的词后,即后置,往往表示未发生的动作。