社会学选择题

第一章:

1. What does the sociological perspective show us about whom any individual chooses to marry?

c.The operation of society guides many of our personal choices.

2. Which early sociologist studied patterns of suicide?

b. Emile Durkheim

3.Sociology contributes to personal growth by helping us

d. all of the abov

e.

4. The discipline of sociology first developed in

a. countries experiencing rapid social change

5. Which early sociologist coined the term sociology in1838?

d. Auguste Comte

6. Which theoretical approach is closest to that taken by early sociologists Auguste Comte and Emile Durkheim?

b. structural-functional approach

7.Which term refers to the recognized and intended consequences of a social pattern?

a. manifest functions

8. Sociology’s social-conflict approach draws attention to

c. patterns of social inequality.

9. Which woman, among the first sociologists, studied the evils of slavery and also translated the writings of Auguste Comte?

c. Harriet Marineau

10. Which of the following illustrates a micro-level focus?

d. two new dormitory roommates getting to know one another.

第三章：

1.Of all the world’s countries, the United States is the most

a. multicultural

2.Ideas created by members of a society are part of

d. nonmaterial culture

3.Sociologists define a symbol as

c. anything that has meaning to people who share a culture

4. U.S. culture holds a strong belief in

b. all of the above

5.Cheating on a final examination is an example of violating campus

a. folkways.

6. Subculture refers to

d. cultural patterns that set apart a segment of a society’s population.

8. Sociologists use the term “culthral lag” to refer to

c. that fact that some elements of culture change faster than others.

10. The theoretical approach that focuses on the link between culture and social inequality is the b, social-conflict approach.

第四章：

1.Which of the following would lenski highlight as a cause of change in society?

c. the steam engine

2. Horticultural societies are those in which

d. people use simple hand tools to raise crops.

3. Lenski claims that the development of more complex technology

a. has both positive and negative effects.

4. Marx believed that the industrial-capitalist economic system

d. all of the abov

e.

5.Marx considered which of the following to be the “foundation” of society?

b. the economy

6. Unlike Marx, Weber thought alienation was caused by

c. the high level of rationality in modern society.

7.What Lenski called the “industrial”society and Marx called the “capitalist”society, Weber called

a. the “rational” society.

8. Marx’s “materialist “ analysis contrasts with Weber’s

b. “idealist” analysis.

9. Durkheim thought of society as

c. an objective reality.

10. Which of the following questions might Durkheim ask about the ongoing war on terror?

a. Would the war on terror unite people across the United States?

第五章：

1. Kingsley Davis’s study of Anna, the girl isolated for five years, shows that

b. without social experience, a child never develops personality.

2. Most sociologists take the position that

c. it is human nature to nurture.

3. Lawrence Kolhberg explored socialization by studying

d. moral reasoning.

6. Why is the family so important to the socialization process?

d. all of the above are correct

7. Social class position affects socialization: lower-class parents tend to stress_____, and well-to-do parents stress_____.

c. obedience; creativity.

8. In global perspective, which statement about childhood is correct?

b. Rich societies extend childhood much longer than poor societies do.

9. Modern,high-income societies typically define people in old age as

c. less socially important than younger adults.

10. According to Erving Goffman, the purpose of a total institution is

d. to radically change a person’s personality or behavior.

第六章：

1. Which term defines who and what we are in relation to others?

b. status

2. In U.S. society, which of the following might be a master status?