初中英语冠词复习

初中英语冠词复习一.概念冠词是一个虚词,它置于名词之前,限定名词的意义.冠词可分为定冠词,不定冠词和零冠词三类.二.相关知识点精讲不定冠词：a/ana用于辅音发音开头的词前, 如：a book; a countryan用于元音发音开头的词前，如：an apple, an hour.请区别：a useful machine, an umbrella, a “u”, an “h”。

用法：1. a/an 用于单数可数名词前,表示“某一”“一…”或者“一个”的意思.a book a boy a man a bird a dog an houran interesting book a big dog a dangerous animal【练习】1.判断正误：a story( ) a bread ( ) a paper（） a bag（）a pretty woman（）a school ( ) a useful book ( )2. There is “h” in word “photo”．A． a，a B． an，the C．the，an D．an，an3. She is honest girl．A． an B． a C．/ D． the4. —Does Jim have _______ ruler？—Yes，he has _______ ．2.表示类别：这种用法是指某人或某物属于某一种类，或者指某一种类的人或物中的任何一个或一件，或者指某一种类的人或物，但不具体说明是何人或何物。

例如：That is a pen, not a pencil. 那是钢笔而不是铅笔。

（指属于某一种类）Give him a pear, please! 请给他一个梨。

（指某一种类中的任何一个）An elephant is bigger than a horse. 大象比马大。

【练习】Is he _______ American NBA player？和one 的区别：a/an 表示类别种类One 强调数量a bus （表示是一辆公交车而不是一辆小汽车也不是火车）one bus (强调是一辆车而不是两辆或三辆)There is a cat under the chair. 椅子下面有一只猫。

（强调种类）There is one cat under the chair.椅子下边有一只猫。

（强调数量）3.用来指某人或某物，但有不具体说明是谁或是什么，如：A comrade from Shanghai is coming to give us a talk this afternoon.一位来自上海的同志今天下午将给我们作报告。

My mother once worked in a school. 我母亲曾在一所学校工作。

4. 表示基本单位，作“每一”讲。

例如：three times a day 10 yuan a kilosix class a day thirty miles an hour等。

【练习】_______ doctor told him to take _______ medicine three times _______ day．5.不定冠词a/an可用在一种职业，阶级或宗教的名称前。

如：What’s your father? He’s a doctor. 你父亲是什么职业？他是名医生。

Mr. Black is now a Christian.布莱克先生现在是名基督教徒。

6.固定短语：once upon a time 从前take a look 看一看catch a cold 感冒 a little 一点点 a few 一点儿have a rest 休息【练习】1. Let’s go for _________ walk.2. What about going to __________ movie?定冠词：thethe 表示特指。

表示名词所指的人或事物是同类中的特定的一个，以别于同类中其他的人或事物，相当于汉语中的“那个”或“这个”的意思。

the book in my bag the boy under the treethe apples in the basket the hospital near my home可以和单、复数名词，也可以和不可数的名词连用。

the books the book the rice the bread the footballthe old man the interesting book the teachers the women3.用法：1）. 定冠词的最基本的用法是“特指”：表示某个或某些特定的人或物。

Do you know the girl in a red skirt? 你认识那个穿红裙子的女孩吗？Beijing is the capital of China. 北京是中国的首都。

【练习】美国的首都________________________四川的省会________________________2）. 再次提到上文提到过的人或物，应该用定冠词the。

例如：Tom has an apple, The apple is big and red.There is a boy under the tree. The boy is my brother.3）. 指谈话双方都知道的人或物。

例如：Let’s go and give it to the teacher.咱们去把它交给老师吧。

Open the door, please!请打开门。

4）. 用于某些固定词组中。

例如:in the morning / afternoon / evening 等。

5）. 用在形容词前表示一类人。

the old 老人the young 年轻人the rich富裕的人【练习】the poor_________ the deaf __________ the blind____________ 6）. 用在表示“姓”的复数名词前，表示一家人或夫妇二人。

例如：The Whites are spending their holiday in England.The Greens came to China two years ago.【练习】汤姆的家人来自日本。

_________________________________________7）. 用在由普通名词构成的表示场所的专有名词前。

the Great Wall 长城the Summer Place颐和园the United States 美国the October Revolution 十月革命the Chinese People’s Liberation Army 中国人民解放军the Long March 长征8）.用在序数词或形容词最高级前The first thing I want to say is to listen carefully in class.He is the tallest one in our class.9）.世界上独一无二的事物等（月亮、地球、天空、宇宙）the globe太阳系the universe 宇宙the atmosphere大气层The sun rises in the east.The earth goes round the sun.10）.在世纪，年代名词前用冠词。

in the 1980s 或in the 1980’s 在20世纪80年代in the nineteenth century 在二十世纪【练习】李丽的爷爷生于二十世纪四十年代。

______________________________________________11）.在江河、山脉、湖泊、海洋、群岛、海峡、海湾运河前用the。

the Long River 长江the West Lake 西湖the Pacific Ocean 太平洋12）.在表示方位的词前，如：The sun rises in the east, and sets in the west. 太阳从东边升起，从西边落下Jiangxi lies in the south of China. 江西位于中国的南方。

13）在乐器名称前常用定冠词，如：He often plays the piano at five in the afternoon. 他常在下午五点弹钢琴。

Can you play the violin? 你会拉小提琴吗？14）固定短语：in the morning 在早上the day after tomorrow 后天the next day 第二天by the way 顺便零冠词：所谓零冠词，即指不使用冠词的情况：用法：1）在物质名词，抽象名词前不用冠词The desk is made of wood.What is work? Work is struggle2）专有名词前通常不用定冠词：England，China Mary Lilei Mr. Green3）在星期、月份，季节，节日等名词前：spring, summer, autumn and winter一年有四季：春夏秋冬We often go to see a film on Sunday. 我们经常周日去看电影。

Tomorrow is National Day. 明天是国庆节。

4）名词前有物主代词，指示代词，不定代词，名词所有格修饰时(this，my，that，those，these，her)如：this morning my pen your watch whose bike 等5）在球类运动、一日三餐、学科和语言的名词前如：have breakfast play chess play basketball(注意在乐器前必须加定冠词如弹钢琴play the piano play the violin)6）固定短语：by bus 乘坐公共汽车after school 放学后in bed 卧床at first 首先at noon在中午on foot步行【练习】I went to Hong Kong by _____ plane last year.A. aB. anC. theD. /精选例题Complete this true story. Put in a/an or the.A man decided to rob (1) _______ bank in the town where he lived. He walked into (2) _______bank and handed(3) _______ note to one of (4) _______ cashiers. (5) _______ cashier read (6) _______ note, which told her to give (7) _______ man some money. Afraid that he might have (8) _______ gun, she did as she was told. (9) _______ man then walked out of (10) _______ building, leaving (11) _______note behind. However, he had no time to spend (12) _______money because he was arrested (13) _______same day. He had made (14) _______ mistake. He had written (15) _______ note on (16) _______ back of (17) _______ envelope. And on (18)_______ other side of (19) _______ envelope was his name and address. This clue was quite enough for (20) _______ detectives on the case.课堂练习一、根据句意，填写合适的冠词（a, an, the, /）1．There is _______ picture of _______ elephant on _______ wall．2．This is _______ useful book．I've read it for _______ hour．3．_______ elephant is much heavier than _______ horse．4．_______ doctor told him to take _______ medicine three times _______ day．5．Let's go out for _______ walk．6．It's too hot．Open _______ door，please．7．There is _______ woman over there．_______ woman is Meimei's mother．8．_______ sun rises in _______ east．9．_______ Changjiang River is _______ longest river in _______ China．10．Are you going to do it _______ second time？二、单项选择( ) 1 Han Meimei is ___ Chinese girl. Lucy is ____ English girl.A. a; aB. an; anC. a; anD. an; a( ) 2 A little boy wrote____ "U" and___ "n" on the wall.A. a; anB. an; aC. an; anD. a; a( ) 3 _____ old lady in brown is____ university professor.A. An; aB. An; /C. The; anD. The; a( ) 4 There are sixty minutes in____hour.A. anB. theC. aD. /( ) 5 This is ____ interesting book and it is also ____ useful one.A. an; anB. an; theC. an; aD. a; a( ) 6 A computer is ____useful tool in ____ world today.A. an; theB. a; theC. the; theD. a; a( ) 7 Now he is ___ artist. 1 have known him since he was ___ one-year-old boy.A. a; anB. a; aC. an; anD. an; a( )8.Which bigger ___ elephant or ___ horse?A. a; theB. an; aC. the; anD. an; the( ) 9.____monkey can climb ____ trees.A. /; theB. A; /C. The; aD. /; /( )10. My mother had___ fever, so I had to look after her.A a B. the C, / D. this课后习题一、根据句意，填写合适的冠词（a, an, the, /）1．Washington is _______ capital of _______ USA．2．_______ Turners are living at the end of _______ Turner Street．3．He joined the army in _______ spring of _______ 1995．4．_______ old man is _______ teacher．He likes playing _______ basketball after _______ supper．5．After I had _______ quick breakfast，I hurried to school．6．Are _____ sheep kept by _____ farmers for producing _____ wool and _____ meat？7．They went to _______ People's Park，but we both went to _______ People's Cinema yesterday．8．I often watch _______ TV in _______ evening．9．_______ day of _______ December 20，1999 is Monday．10．Tomorrow is _______ Christmas Day and my father and I went to choose _______ Christmas tree t oday．二、单项选择( ) 1. There is___ 'W in___word "map".A. a; anB. an; aC. an; theD. a; the( ) 2. There is____ bridge over there. ____ bridge is made of wood.A. the; TheB. a; AC. the; AD. a; The( ) 3. She saw____ English film last Sunday. But she can not remember name of ___ film.A. an; a; aB. a; the; aC. an; the; aD. an; the; the( ) 4 There is___ old man under___ tree.A. an; theB. the; aC. a; theD. an; /( ) 5 -What was ___ yesterday?-November 24.A. dateB. the dateC. dayD. the day( ) 6 We shall visit your country in____ coming year.A. aB. theC. oneD. that( ) 7. We can see___sun and___moon in___ picture.A.a; the; theB. the; a; theC. a; the; aD. the; the; the( ) 8 Paris is ___ capital of France.A. aB. /C. oneD. the( ) 9 He takes a bath in____evening.A. theB. /C. aD.an( ) 10 Cotton is grown in ____ China.A. northB. the north ofC. the northD. a north。