山东中医药大学生理学2015年考博真题考博试卷

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山东中医药大学西医内科学2012年考博真题试卷

4.试述永久心脏起搏器植入适应症？
5.帕金森病的临床表现？
6.尿路感染的定位诊断？
7.慢阻肺的临床表现？
8.试述痛风化不良的诊断？
山东中医药大学
医学考博真题试卷
攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试卷
山东中医药大学
2012年攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试题
考试科目：西医内科学
注意：所有答案一律写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上或其他地方一律不给分。
一、简答题（每题10分）
1.引起全血细胞减少的疾病有哪些？
2.试述消化性溃疡的抗幽门螺杆菌治疗？
3.支气管肺癌的鉴别诊断？

历年中医药大学博士考题资料

山东中医药大学历年中内及西内考博真题（2000-2010）2000年中医内科1.请阐述水肿、淋证、癃闭、关格的临床特点及联系。

（10分）2.请论述内伤头痛与肝、脾、肾三脏的关系。

（10 分）3.胸痹的发病基础和病理因素是什么？其病理特点如何？怎样辨别阴寒证、痰浊证、气滞证、血瘀证的不同？各证型治疗要点是什么？（10分）4.如何理解“治痿独取阳明”的意义？（10分）5.试述“真中”“类中”的源流考略？（10分）6.痰饮发病的内在病理基础是什么？为什么?其治则如何？为什么？（10分）7.消渴病（糖尿病）临床常见哪些急慢性并发症？请写出消渴病（糖尿病）周围神经病变辨证分型（只写分型）、治法、方剂。

（10分）8.如何理解《血证论》提出的治血四法？（10分）9.调补脾肾为何是治疗虚劳的关键？请论述之。

（10分）10.通窍活血汤方义如何？你在临床应用如何体会？（10分）西内内科一、名词解释：Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭，卓－艾综合症，脾功能亢进，肾病综合症，Graves病，高血压危象。

二、试述肺气肿的治疗原则及具体措施。

三、试述PSVT的ECG 表现及临床表现。

四、试述再生障碍性贫血的诊断标准。

五、试述急性肾功能衰竭的分类及原因。

六、试述DM的诊断标准。

七、肝硬化腹水形成的主要原因有哪些?2001年中医内科1.你对中西医结合治疗风湿病的看法。

2.中风病（中脏腑、中经络）的临床表现。

3.“开鬼门、洁净府”结合心血管（心衰）的应用。

4.胃痞、胃胀、痞满的鉴别诊断。

5.试述扶正治疗肿瘤（祛邪需要扶正，邪去正自安）6.肝癌、积症的治疗方法，在何时用何法？7.石棉在《内经》的论述及其治法（3个）8.试述“病痰饮者当以温药和之”9.试述糖尿病的非药物治疗。

10.血府逐瘀汤的组成，能治疗心系的那些疾病？西医内科1.慢性腹泻的发病机理。

2.感染性心内膜炎的诊断标准。

3.白血病前期多发MDX 的分类标准。

4.再障的鉴别诊断。

5.癫痫及其处理。

山东大学临床生化2015年考博真题试卷

5.变性LDL
6.肝性脑病
7.生物芯片技术
8.TDM
9.EAA
10.肾源性骨营养障碍
二、简答题（6*9分=54分）
1.肝脏在蛋白质代谢中的主要作用。
2.TAT影响因素及缩短TAT意义。
3.心肌肌钙蛋白诊断心肌病的特征。
4.M蛋白的类型。
5.胱抑素来源，重吸收部位及临床意义。
6.分子杂交原理。
三、论述题（16分）
山东大学
医学考博真题试卷
攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试卷
山东大学
2015年攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试题
考试科目：临床生化
注意：所有答案一律写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上或其他地方一律不给分。
一、名词解释（10*3分=30分）
1.CLAMP
2.Trace Element3.Tumor Marker4.cut-off
1.肿瘤标志物联合应用的原则及意义。

生物医学考博试题及答案

生物医学考博试题及答案一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 细胞膜的主要组成成分是（）。

A. 蛋白质B. 脂质C. 糖类D. 核酸答案：B2. 以下哪种激素是由垂体分泌的？（）A. 胰岛素B. 甲状腺激素C. 促性腺激素D. 肾上腺素答案：C3. 人体最大的淋巴器官是（）。

A. 扁桃体B. 胸腺C. 脾脏D. 淋巴结答案：C4. 以下哪种细胞器是双层膜结构？（）A. 核糖体B. 高尔基体C. 线粒体D. 内质网答案：C5. 以下哪种氨基酸是人体必需氨基酸？（）A. 丙氨酸B. 谷氨酸C. 赖氨酸D. 丝氨酸答案：C6. 人体中负责合成血红蛋白的器官是（）。

A. 肝脏B. 脾脏C. 骨髓D. 肾脏答案：C7. 以下哪种维生素是水溶性的？（）A. 维生素AB. 维生素DC. 维生素ED. 维生素B12答案：D8. 人体中负责合成抗体的细胞是（）。

A. 红细胞B. 淋巴细胞C. 巨噬细胞D. 成纤维细胞答案：B9. 以下哪种物质是细胞内信号传导的关键分子？（）A. 细胞膜受体B. G蛋白C. 酶D. 核酸答案：B10. 人体中负责合成和分泌胰岛素的细胞是（）。

A. 胰岛A细胞B. 胰岛B细胞C. 胰岛D细胞D. 胰岛F细胞答案：B二、多项选择题（每题3分，共15分）11. 以下哪些是细胞周期的阶段？（）A. G1期B. S期C. G2期D. M期答案：ABCD12. 以下哪些是人体必需的微量元素？（）A. 铁B. 锌C. 铜D. 钙答案：ABC13. 以下哪些是人体免疫系统的组成部分？（）A. 皮肤和粘膜B. 脾脏和淋巴结C. 巨噬细胞和淋巴细胞D. 抗体和补体答案：ABCD14. 以下哪些是人体内分泌系统的组成部分？（）A. 垂体B. 甲状腺C. 肾上腺D. 胰腺答案：ABCD15. 以下哪些是人体神经系统的组成部分？（）A. 中枢神经系统B. 周围神经系统C. 自主神经系统D. 感觉神经系统答案：ABCD三、填空题（每空1分，共20分）16. 细胞周期包括____、____、____和____四个阶段。

2015全国医学考博英语真题(试卷高清打印版)

医学考博英语历年真题2015年全国医学博士英语统一入学考试试卷Part I Listening Comprehension(30%)Section ADirections:I n this section you will hear fifteen short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,you will hear a question about what is said.The question will be read only once.After you hear the question,read the four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.Listen to the following example.You will hear:Woman:I fell faint.Man:No wonder You haven't had a bite all day.Question:What's the matter with the woman?You will read:A.She is sick.B.She is bitten by an ant.C.She is hungry.D.She spilled her paint.Here C is the right answer.Sample AnswerA B●D Now let's begin with question number1.1. A.How to deal with his sleeping problem. B.The cause of his sleeping problem.C.What follows his insomnia.D.The severity of his medical problem.2. A.To take the medicine for a longer time. B.To discontinue the medication.C.To come to see her again.D.To switch to other medications.3. A.To tale it easy and continue to work. B.To take a sick leave.C.To keep away from work.D.To have a follow-up.4. A.Fullness in the stomach. B.Occasional stomachache.C.Stomach distention.D.Frequent belches.5. A.extremely severe. B.Not very severe.C.More severe than expected.D.It's hard to say.6. A.He has lost some weight. B.He has gained a lot.C.He needs to exercise more.D.He is still overweight.7. A.She is giving the man an injection. B.She is listening to the man's heart.C.She is feeling the man's pulse.D.She is helping the man stop shivering.8. A.In the gym. B.In the office.C.In the clinic.D.In the boat.9. A.Diarrhea. B.Vomiting.C.Nausea.D.A cold.10. A.She has developed allergies. B.She doesn't know what allergies are.C.She doesn't have any allergies.D.She has allergies treated already.11. A.Listen to music. B.Read magazines.C.Go play tennis.D.Stay in the house.12. A.She isn't feeling well. B.She is under pressure.C.She doesn't like the weatherD.She is feeling relieved.13. A.Michael's wife was ill B.Michael's daughter was ill.C.Michael's daughter gave birth to twins.D.Michael was hospitalized for a check-up.14. A.She is absent-minded. B.She is in high spirits.C.She is indifferent.D.She is compassionate.15. A.Ten years ago. B.Five years ago.C.Fifteen years ago.D.Several weeks ago.Section BDirections:In this section you will hear one conversation and two passages'after each of which,you will hear five questions.After each question,read the four possible answers marked A,B,C and D.Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.Dialogue16. A.A blood test. B.A gastroscopy.C.A chest X-ray exam.D.A barium X-ray test.17. A.To lose some weight. B.To take a few more tests.C.To sleep on three pillows.D.To eat smaller,lighter meals.18. A.Potato chips. B.Chicken. C.Cereal. D.fish.19. A.Ulcer B.Cancer C.Depression. D.Hernia.20. A.He will try the diet the doctor recommended.B.He will ask for a sick leave and relax at home.C.He will take the medicine the doctor prescribed.D.He will take a few more tests to rule out cancer.Passage One21. A.A new concept of diabetes.B.The definition of Type1and Type2diabetes.C.The new management of diabetics in the hospital.D.The new development of non-perishable insulin pills.22. A.Because it vaporizes easily.B.Because it becomes overactive easily.C.Because it is usually in injection form.D.Because it is not stable above40degrees Fahrenheit.23. A.The diabetics can be cured without taking synthetic insulin any longer.B.The findings provide insight into how insulin works.C.Insulin can be more stable than it is now.D.Insulin can be produced naturally.24. A.It is stable at room temperature for several years.B.It is administered directly into the bloodstream。

完整word版山东中医药大学博士历年真题整理中医基础理论

中医基础理论2005年1请结合阴阳学说的观点，谈一下你对唐王冰注解《素问.至真要大论》时所提出的“壮水之主，以制阳光；益火之源，以消阴翳”的认识。

2请简述气的主要来源。

3《素问逆调论》“肾者水脏，主津液”，请谈谈你的认识。

4请用简单的表格，说明十二经脉的名称、分类、简要循行部位。

5请简述疠气形成和疫病流行的原因。

6何谓五行的相生和相克？五行的生克制化对事物有何作用？7试述肝脾在生理病理上的相互关系及其临床指导意义？8何谓“辨证求因”？辨证求因在临床上有何重要指导意义？9试述整体观念在医学模式转变中的作用？10中医体质学说在临床辨证治疗方面有哪些应用？2006年1《黄帝内经》和《伤寒杂病论》对中医基础理论的形成有何贡献？2何谓七情？简述七情致病的特点是什么？3试述十二经脉的走向交接规律和在四肢的分布规律。

4试分析脑在中医脏腑学说中的地位及其意义。

5试述内生“五邪”学说的主要内容。

6《素问六元正纪大论》指出：“用寒远寒，用凉远凉，用温远温，用热远热，食宜同法”。

请据此简述你对三因制宜基本治则的认识。

7《素问生气通天论》：“阴者，藏精而起亟也；阳者，卫外而为固也”。

请阐释其含义，并说明其临床指导意义。

8《难经七十七难》曰“见肝之病，则知肝传脾，故先实其脾气。

”请结合五行学说，谈谈你的认识。

9请简述气的生成与脏腑的关系。

10请谈谈你对肾藏精的认识。

2007年1试述阴阳自和的含义及其意义。

2“肺与秋气相通应”有何临床意义。

3请阐述痰饮致病的特点。

试从整体观念的角度论述中医学的形神统一观。

4．5如何应用中医体质学说指导临床辨证治疗。

6在中医脏腑学说中，“脑”的地位及其意义是什么？7试述标本的内涵及治标和治本的缓急取舍？举例说明。

8张介宾说：“以精气分阴阳则阴阳不可离，以寒热分阴阳则阴阳不可混。

”能用精气分阴阳来解释实寒、实热、虚寒、虚热等寒热性病证吗？解释这些寒热性病证的“阴阳”所指各是什么？简述之。

9试述肾精、肾气、肾阴、肾阳的概念及其之间的逻辑关系。

2015年全国医学统考考博博士英语真题与答案

2015年全国医学统考考博博士英语真题与答案目录医学考博英语历年真题 (2)2015年全国医学博士英语统一入学考试试卷 (2)2015年全国医学博士英语统一入学考试试题答案 (17)2015年全国医学博士外语统一考试英语试卷录音原文 (19)医学考博英语历年真题2015年全国医学博士英语统一入学考试试卷Part I Listening Comprehension(30%)Section ADirections:I n this section you will hear fifteen short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,you will hear a question about what is said.The question will be read only once.After you hear the question,read the four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.Listen to the following example.You will hear:Woman:I fell faint.Man:No wonder You haven't had a bite all day.Question:What's the matter with the woman?You will read:A.She is sick.B.She is bitten by an ant.C.She is hungry.D.She spilled her paint.Here C is the right answer.Sample AnswerA B●D Now let's begin with question number1.1. A.How to deal with his sleeping problem. B.The cause of his sleeping problem.C.What follows his insomnia.D.The severity of his medical problem.2. A.To take the medicine for a longer time. B.T o discontinue the medication.C.To come to see her again.D.To switch to other medications.3. A.To tale it easy and continue to work. B.To take a sick leave.C.To keep away from work.D.To have a follow-up.4. A.Fullness in the stomach. B.Occasional stomachache.C.Stomach distention.D.Frequent belches.5. A.extremely severe. B.Not very severe.C.More severe than expected.D.It's hard to say.6. A.He has lost some weight. B.He has gained a lot.C.He needs to exercise more.D.He is still overweight.7. A.She is giving the man an injection. B.She is listening to the man's heart.C.She is feeling the man's pulse.D.She is helping the man stop shivering.8. A.In the gym. B.In the office.C.In the clinic.D.In the boat.9. A.Diarrhea. B.Vomiting.C.Nausea.D.A cold.10. A.She has developed allergies. B.She doesn't know what allergies are.C.She doesn't have any allergies.D.She has allergies treated already.11. A.Listen to music. B.Read magazines.C.Go play tennis.D.Stay in the house.12. A.She isn't feeling well. B.She is under pressure.C.She doesn't like the weatherD.She is feeling relieved.13. A.Michael's wife was ill B.Michael's daughter was ill.C.Michael's daughter gave birth to twins.D.Michael was hospitalized for a check-up.14. A.She is absent-minded. B.She is in high spirits.C.She is indifferent.D.She is compassionate.15. A.Ten years ago. B.Five years ago.C.Fifteen years ago.D.Several weeks ago.Section BDirections:In this section you will hear one conversation and two passages'after each of which,you will hear five questions.After each question,read the four possible answers marked A,B,C and D.Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.Dialogue16. A.A blood test. B.A gastroscopy.C.A chest X-ray exam.D.A barium X-ray test.17. A.To lose some weight. B.To take a few more tests.C.To sleep on three pillows.D.To eat smaller,lighter meals.18. A.Potato chips. B.Chicken. C.Cereal. D.fish.19. A.Ulcer B.Cancer C.Depression. D.Hernia.20. A.He will try the diet the doctor recommended.B.He will ask for a sick leave and relax at home.C.He will take the medicine the doctor prescribed.D.He will take a few more tests to rule out cancer.Passage One21. A.A new concept of diabetes.B.The definition of Type1and Type2diabetes.C.The new management of diabetics in the hospital.D.The new development of non-perishable insulin pills.22. A.Because it vaporizes easily.B.Because it becomes overactive easily.C.Because it is usually in injection form.D.Because it is not stable above40degrees Fahrenheit.23. A.The diabetics can be cured without taking synthetic insulin any longer.B.The findings provide insight into how insulin works.C.Insulin can be more stable than it is now.D.Insulin can be produced naturally.24. A.It is stable at room temperature for several years.B.It is administered directly into the bloodstream。

(完整版)中科院考博真题2015植物生理学

中国科学院大学
2015年招收攻读博士学位研究生入学统一考试试题
科目名称：植物生理学
考生须知：
1．本试卷满分为100分，全部考试时间总计180分钟。

2．所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上或草稿纸上一律无效。

一、名词解释（请选择其中10题作答，多答不加分。

每小题3分，共30分）
1、光补偿点
2、逆境蛋白
3、冻害与冷害
4、春化作用
5、极性运输
6、层积处理
7、根压
8、离子拮抗
9、平衡溶液10、PQ穿梭11、质外体12、生理碱性盐13、反应中心色素
二、简答题（请选择其中4题作答，多答不加分。

每小题10分，共40分）
1、固氮酶有哪些特性？简述生物固氮机理。

2、简述生长、分化与发育三者之间的区别与关系。

3、简述气孔开闭机理的假说。

4、试比较“伤流”与“吐水”的异同。

5、为什么膜脂中不饱和脂肪酸含量高的植物抗寒性强？
三、论述题（每小题15分，共30分）
1、根据光合作用碳素同化途径的不同，可以将高等植物分为哪三个类群？温室效应会分别对这三类群植物施加哪些影响？
2、根据所学的植物生理学知识，论述植物引种驯化中需要注意的主要问题。

科目名称：植物生理学第1页共1页。

2015年医学博士外语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2015年医学博士外语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 2. 3. 4. 5. PartⅢCloze 6. PartⅣReading Comprehension 7. PartⅤWritingSection A听力原文：M: What about the problem that I’ve been having in sleeping?F: I’m going to give you a prescription of some medicine to help you get a better night’s sleep. Q: What does the man want to know?1．A．How to deal with his sleeping problem.B．The cause of his sleeping problem.C．What follows his insomnia.D．The severity of his medical problem.正确答案：A解析：此题为细节信息题。

通过对话我们得知这位男士睡眠不好，女士要给他开药，帮助他改善睡眠，因而A为答案。

听力原文：M: How long should I take them?W: The prescription is for 30 days. If you’re still feeling depressed after 30 days, I’d like you to come back in. Q: What does the woman advise the man to do if his problem continues?2．A．To take the medicine for a longer time.B．To discontinue the medication.C．To come to see her again.D．To switch to other medications.正确答案：C解析：此题为细节信息题。