华东师大二附中 高一英语阅读训练1+答案

华东师大二附中2017届Reading Comprehension and Cloze Test II. Cloze(30%)(A)More and more shoppers are buying things online these days, allowing them to avoid 51 salespeople and long lines at checkout counters. In spite of online convenience, 52 , there are some items — like clothes — that customers prefer to 53 before buying. In light of this, two companies are finding ways to modernize stores and 54 the gap between online and in-store retail (零售).A software company that also happens to sell designer jeans, Hointer has created a fast and painless shopping 55 for its customers.Shoppers walk into a Hointer store and select one of the many pairs of jeans 56 down from bars. Then they point their smartphones at the tag and 57 the Hointer app, after which they select the size and press “try on.” The app then directs them to a specific dressing room. German-made robots bring out the 58 jeans and deliver them through a chute (斜槽) to the dressing room in about 30 seconds. Immediately after 59 pairs of jeans are dropped through another chute, the “outbox,” they disappear from the list in the app.Purchases at Hointer are made with a swipe (刷卡) of a credit card. And interacting with a salesperson is optional! This allows Hointer to hire fewer people and focus on their ultimate goal: developing 60 that supports a retail revolution.Men’s clothing retailer Bonobos has 61 a more personalized shopping experience. Although it is — in fact — an online retailer, Bonobos has decided to open a handful of brick-and-mortar stores called Guideshops. Shoppers make a(n) 62 online before arriving at a Guideshop, where they receive one-on-one 63 from a fitting guide. Because these shops have limited inventories (存货), shoppers aren’t able to take home the outfits they select. But guides help shoppers make online purchases before they leave, after which the items will be 64 to customers in one or two days.While Hointer focuses on convenience, Bonobos Guideshops focus on customer service. But both efforts have one thing 65 : giving clothing retailers a new look for the 21st century.51. A. respectable B. considerate C. aggressive D. violent52. A. however B. therefore C. anyway D. moreover53. A. convince B. guarantee C. ensure D. examine54. A. break B. bridge C. shallow D. deepen55. A. experience B. mall C. direction D. principle56. A. hiding B. hanging C. storing D. labeling57. A. start B. upload C. save D. download58. A. desired B. well-designed C. promoted D. well-prepared59. A. qualified B. wanted C. chosen D. unwanted60. A. employment B. efficiency C. technology D. market61. A. come up with B. looked forward to C. looked up D. brought up62. A. decision B. appointment C. contribution D. impression63. A. contact B. instruction C. notice D. attention64. A. presented B. packaged C. delivered D. transferred65. A. in conclusion B. in common C. as usual D. in general(B)Telemedicine is the name for when doctors give advice to patients by telephone or the Internet, or when health care providers in rural areas connect with specialists in big cities.Telemedicine has 51 for a long time, but the rise of smartphones, tablet PCs and camera-equipped computers is 52 telemedicine to new levels. Some health care systems in the United States now 53 Virtual (虚拟的) Urgent Care. Patients see a doctor by video chat without having to leave home.Diana Rae, a nurse educator in the Franciscan Health System recently 54 how Virtual Urgent Care works. She used an iPad tablet and skype—the video chat service.Doctor Green has the patient describe her 55 ; then the doctor performs a physical exam by demonstrating what he wants her to do. Doctor Green decides that the problem is a common 56 . For medicine, he prescribes (开药方) an antibiotic (抗生素). He says about 3 out of 4 patients have 57 problems that can be treated like this—through Virtual Urgent Care, which means a video chat could 58 a visit to the doctor’s office.“Patients’ safety is really important to us. So if we feel it is not 59 for the patient to be treated in this manner, we’re going to suggest other 60 for them,” said Green.The Franciscan Health System is based in Tacoma, Washington. It 61 $35 for this kind of virtual house call, which is much less than the cost of going to an emergency room, a doctor’s office or an urgent care clinic.After trying the video conference, Diana Rae says she would be 62 to pay the $35 when she was recently home with a bad cold. “I would have paid twice that for the 63 of getting taken care of without having to sit in a waiting room, wait, and get 64 everyone else’s germs,” Rae said.Franciscan operates hospitals and clinics and has a deal with a company called Carena to add effective urgent care by Skype or phone. Carena is one of several companies doing this kind of work around the country. But a company official says state rules have not kept 65 with developments in telemedicine.51. A. rested B. existed C. survived D. vanished52. A. keeping B. occupying C. striking D. raising53. A. offer B. advertise C. prohibit D. criticize54. A. predicted B. published C. demonstrated D. claimed55. A. symptoms B. emotions C. medicines D. coughs56. A. mistake B. infection C. experience D. sense57. A. heart B. security C. drug D. health58. A. pay B. cancel C. replace D. include59. A. necessary B. smart C. hard D. safe60. A. hospitals B. doctors C. alternatives D. networks61. A. charges B. costs C. pays D. provides62. A. happy B. reluctant C. excited D. surprised63. A. delight B. convenience C. significance D. embarrassment64. A. infected with B. exposed to C. shocked at D. fascinated by65. A. contact B. company C. progress D. communicationII. Vocabulary(20%)The idea of the youth hostel (旅社) started with one man: Richard Schirrmann (1874-1961), a German school teacher, who felt that there was a need for overnight accommodation for his students in order that they could see new things and have new experiences outside the 41 . He felt that one learns by observing, and tried to make his dream come true in the year 1909, when he started providing accommodation for his students in inns, farmhouses and the like.The first youth hostel was opened in Schirrmann’s own school in Altena, after which it was 42 by a permanent hostel in Altena Castle. Schirrmann went on to 43 the German Youth Hostel Association in the year 1919. By this time, the idea of the youth hostel had 44 far and wide, all over the lands of Europe and further.And then, in the year 1932, a(n) 45 organization called the International Youth Hostel was founded in Amsterdam, which consisted of youth hostels from Switzerland, Germany, Poland, the Netherlands, Norway, Britain, Ireland, France, P.F. Productions Czechoslovakia, Denmark and Belgium. Richard Schirrmann became its chairman in 1933.The idea of the youth hostel is for young people who are on nature trips to get 46 accommodation in exchange zhucanqi for some money and a helping hand with the domestic chores (家务活). These hostels were said to build character and a sense of independence, as the youth who stayed in them got the 47 to see how other people lived as well as to help to do work.Youth hostels are also places to meet and make new friends. They have no class 48 and everyone has to do their share. Here, wealth and position does not help you gain 49 , but friendliness does. The friendlier P.F. Productions you are, the more you learn from the 50 of staying in a youth hostel.(B)you’ll see plenty of them with their heads down, tapping the screens of their tablets or 41 on their smartphones. While these folks may be making good use of their time by staying 42 , their bodies are paying a heavy price for such convenience.As hand-held devices such as smartphones and tablets are becoming more common, users are reporting some new 43 problems. Florida chiropractor (脊椎按摩师) Dean Fishman began noticing an increased number of his patients 44 of neck and shoulder pain. He traced these 45 to the overuse of hand-held devices, specifically the action of bending the neck, and created the term “Text Neck.” As if the painful symptoms weren’t bad enough, Fishman warns that an untreated case of Text Neck could lead to 46 spinal (脊柱的) damage. He founded the Text Neck Institute in an effort to treat and educate those suffering from Text Neck. Treatments offered there include chiropractic care, physical therapy, massage therapy and exercise planning.In order to avoid or reduce the possibility of getting Text Neck, use the following basic principles:●Avoid awkward positioning. Don’t strain (滥用) your neck, and stay aware of how your bodyis 47 in relation to the device.●Take frequent 48 when using any kind of mobile device.●When using a tablet, use a case that can back up the device at comfortable 49 angle. For those who 50 can’t take their eyes off their devices, there is an ironic twist – downloading a special app(应用程序)could help. Dr. Fishman has released an app called the Text Neck Indicator App, which measures the angle of your smartpphone. When the angle is appropriate, a green light appears in the upper corner of your screen. But when the angle puts you at risk for neck strain, the light turns red, obliging you to adjust your angle.III. Reading(25%)(A)Foreseeing a time when a patient’s own cells may be harvested, multiplied, and fashioned into a replacement organ, P.F. Productions researchers in Boston have successfully transplanted laboratory grown bladders (肾) into six dogs.For a century, physicians have replaced diseased or damaged bladders by removing sections of a person’s intestines (肠子) and shaping them into a substitute bladder. While the procedure offers some relief to patients, complications often develop because nature designs intestinal tissue for a purpose—absorbing nutrients—other than holding waste liquid of the body. “You start absorbing stuff that should be removed,” says Anthony Atala of the Children’s Hospital in Boston.Other physicians have turned to human-made materials to create artificial bladders, but those efforts have also run into problems. P.F. Productions Consequently, to build a better bladder, Atala and his colleagues decided to employ the organ’s own cells.To turn the cells into an organ, the researchers first form plastic which can break down naturally into bladder-shaped shell. They then coat its outside and inside with layers of cells needed.To test this strategy, Atala’s group obtained bladder tissue from dogs and grew it into organs. After removing the dogs’ bladders, the investigators implanted (移植) the artificial ones coming from the dogs’ own cells. Within a month, the organs began to perform like normal bladders.Within three months, the plastic shells had broken down naturally, and the implanted organs were hard to distinguish from natural ones. Blood vessels (血管) quickly grew into them. Moreover, nerves seem to form proper connections with the new organs, allowing the dogs to regain normal control of their bladders. Some dogs have had the artificial bladders for nearly a year without any problems.While the bladders of dogs closely resemble those of people, Atala warns that more testing of this transplant strategy must occur before artificial bladders are ready for the clinic.74. The traditional method of shaping parts of intestines into a substitute bladder ______.A. brings the patient a lot of sufferingsB. allows the patient to absorb useless thingsC. prevents the patient from absorbing nutrientsD. worsens both the function of the intestines and the bladder75. The artificial bladders implanted in dogs ______.A. worked perfectly as long as three monthsB. did not work properly until after a monthC. proved to be able to work for several yearsD. began to work as well as a normal one in a few weeks76. Why is it suggested that more testing should be made?A. Human bladders may well be different from dogs’.B. Dogs’ bladders can be implanted into human bodies.C. What suits dogs’ bladders will also suit human bladders.D. Artificial bladders grown in dogs can be used for human beings.77. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. The history of making artificial P.F. Productions bladders.B. The way of turning intestines into bladders.C. The prospect of manufacturing plastic bladders.D. The possibility of making bladders from their own cells.(B)The report from the Bureau of Labor Statistics was just as gloomy as anticipated. Unemployment in January jumped to a 16-year high of 7.6 percent, as 598, 000 jobs were slashed from U. S. payrolls in the worst single-month decline since December, 1974. With 1.8 million jobs lost in the last three months, there is urgent desire to boost the economy as quickly as possible. But Washington would do well to take a deep breath before reacting to the grim numbers.Collectively, we rely on the unemployment figures and other statistics to frame our sense of reality. They are a vital part of an array of data that we use to assess if we're doing well or doing badly, and that in tum shapes government policies and corporate budgets and personal spending decisions. The problem is that the statistics aren't an objective measure of reality;they are simply a best approximation. Directionally, they capture the trends, but the idea that we know precisely how many are unemployed is a myth. That makes finding a solution all the more difficult.First, there is the way the data is assembled. The official unemployment rate is the product of a telephone survey of about 60, 000 homes. There is another survey, sometimes referred to as the"payroll survey, "that assesses 400, 000 businesses based on their reported payrolls. Both surveys have problems. The payroll survey can easily double-count someone: if you are one person with two jobs, you show up as two workers. The payroll survey also doesn't capture the number of self-employed, and so says little about how many people are generating an independent income.The household survey has a larger problem. When asked straightforwardly. people tend to lie or shade the truth when the subject is sex, money or employment. If you get a call and are asked if you're employed, and you say yes, you're employed. If you say no, however, it may surprise you to learn mat you are only unemployed it you've been actively looking tor work in the past four weeks: otherwise, you are"marginally attached to the labor force"and not actually unemployed.The urge to quantify is embedded in our society. But the idea that statisticians can then capture an objective reality isn't just impossible. It also leads to serious misjudgments. Democrats and Republicans can and will take sides on a number of issues, but a more crucial concern is that both are basing major policy decisions on guesstimates rather than looking at the vast wealth of raw data with a critical eye and an open mind.52. What do we learn from the first paragraph?[A]The U. S. economic situation is going from bad to worse.[B]Washington is taking drastic measures to provide more j obs.[C]The U. S. government is slashing more jobs from its payrolls.[D]The recent economic crisis has taken the U. S. by surprise.53. What does the author think of the unemployment figures and other statistics?[A]They form a solid basis for policy making.[B]They represent the current situation.[C]They signal future economic trends.[D]They do not fully reflect the reality.54. One problem with the payroll survey is that________________.[A]it does not include all the businesses[B]it fails to count in the self-employed[C]it magnifies the number of the jobless[D]it does not treat all companies equally55. The household survey can be faulty in that_________________.[A]people tend to lie when talking on the phone[B]not everybody is willing or ready to respond[C]some people won't provide truthful information[D]the definition of unemployment is too broad56. At the end of the passage, the author suggests that_____________.[A]statisticians improve their data assembling methods[B]decision makers view the statistics with a critical eye[C]politicians listen more before making policy decisions[D]Democrats and Republicans cooperate on crucial issues(C)At some point in 2008, someone, probably in either Asia or Africa, made the decision to move from the countryside to the city. This nameless person pushed the human race over a historic threshold, for it was in that year that mankind became, for the first time in its history,a predominantly urban species.It is a trend that shows no sign of slowing. Demographers(人口统计学家)reckon that three. quarters of humanity could be city-dwelling by 2050, with most of the increase coming in the fast—growing towns of Asia and Africa. Migrants to cities are attracted by plentiful jobs, access to hospitals and education, and the ability to escape the boredom of a farmer's agricultural life. Those factors are more than enough to make up for the squalor(肮脏), disease and spectacular poverty that those same migrants must often at first endure when they become urban dwellers.It is the city that inspires the latest book from Peter Smith. His main thesis is that the buzz of urban life, and the opportunities it offers for co-operation and collaboration, is what attracts people to the city, which in turn makes cities into the engines of art,commerce, science and progress. This is hardly revolutionary,but it is presented in a charming format. Mr Smith has written a breezy guidebook,with a series of short chapters dedicated to specific aspects of urbanity-parks, say,or the various schemes that have been put forward over the years for building the perfect city. The result is a sort of high-quality, unusually rigorous coffee—table book,designed to be dipped into rather than read from beginning to end.In the chapter on skyscrapers, for example, Mr Smith touches on construction methods, therevolutionary invention of the automatic lift, the practicalities of living in the sky and the likelihood that, as cities become more crowded, apartment living will become the norm. But there is also time for brief diversions onto bizarre ground, such as a discussion of the skyscraper index(which holds that a boom in skyscraper construction is a foolproof sign of an imminent recession).One obvious criticism is that the price of breadth is depth;many Of Mr Smith's essays raise as many questions as they answer. Although that can indeed be frustrating, this is probably the only way to treat so grand a topic. The city is the building block of civilization and of almost everything people do;a guidebook to the city is really, therefore, a guidebook to how a largeand ever. growing chunk of humanity chooses to live. Mr Smith's book serves as an excellent introduction to a vast subject, and will suggest plenty of further lines of inquiry.57. In what way is the year 2008 historic?[A]For the first time in history, urban people outnumbered rural people.[B]An influential figure decided to move from the countryside to the city.[C]It is in this year that urbanization made a start in Asia and Africa.[D]The population increase in cities reached a new peak in Asia and Africa.58. What does the author say about urbanization?[A]Its impact is not easy to predict.[B]Its process will not slow down.[C]It is a milestone in human progress.[D]It aggravates the squalor of cities.59. How does the author comment on Peter Smith's new book?[A]It is but an ordinary coffee. table book.[B]It is flavored with humorous stories.[C]It serves as a guide to arts and commerce.[D]It is written in a lively and interesting style.60. What does the author say in the chapter on skyscrapers?[A]The automatic lift is indispensable in skyscrapers.[B]People enjoy living in skyscrapers with a view.[C]Skyscrapers are a sure sign of a city's prosperity.[D]Recession closely follows a skyscraper boom.61. What may be one criticism of Mr Smith's book?[A]It does not really touch on anything serious.[B]It is too long for people to read from cover to cover.[C]It does not deal with any aspect of city life in depth.[D]It fails to provide sound advice to city dwellers.IV. Translation(36%)1. 你应该注意你站和坐的方式。