初一英语语法专项讲解(总6页)

(强烈推荐)初一英语语法专
项讲解
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一、一般现在时：1、现在的状态。

2、经常或习惯性动作。

3、主语所具备的性格和能力。

4、真理。

1、标志：often（经常）,usually（通常）,sometimes（有时）,always（总
是）,never（从不）,on Sundays（在星期天）, every day/month/year（每一天/月/年）
2、结构：
（1）主语+连系动词be(am/is/are)+名词/形容词/数词/介词短语/副词等做表语表状
态（包括There be +n.）
练习：1.I______(be) a student. My name_____(be) Tom.
2. Where _____(be) my shoes They___(be) here.
3.Who ____(be) the girl with long straight hair I think she ___(be) Kate.
4.___(be) there a supermarket on the Fifth Avenue Yes, there_____(be).
（2）主语（非第三人称单数）+行为动词原形+其他（用助动词do 帮助构成否定句、
一般疑问句和特殊疑问）
（3）主语（第三人称单数）+行为动词的第三人称单数+其他（用助动词does 帮助构
成否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句）
行为动词第三人称单数加-s的形式1.- s 2. 辅音+y: study-studies 3.以s,x,ch,sh
结尾watch-watches teach-teaches 4.特殊have-has do-does go-goes
二、现在进行时：表示说话瞬间或现阶段正在进行的动作。

1、标志: now（现在）listen（看）look（听）
2、形式：助动词be(am,is,are)+动词-ing形式（也叫现在分词），表示现在（说话的
瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作。

练习：1). Jim __________________(take) photos in the park now.
2). Jim_________(not take) in the park now.
3). _______________Jim____________(take) photos in the park now Yes, he
_____. No, he _______.
4). Where _________Jim ____________ photos now In the park.
3、现在进行时的肯定句形式
主语+be(am,is,are)+动词现在分词+其他
I'm watching TV.
4、现在进行时的否定句形式
主语+be(am,is,are)+not+动词现在分词+其他
They are not playing soccer.
5、现在进行时的一般疑问句形式及回答:
Is(am,are)+主语+动词现在分词+其他
Yes,主语+is/am/are. No,主语+isn't/aren't/am not.
Are you reading Yes,I am. No,I am not.
6、现在进行时的特殊疑问句形式:
特殊疑问词+is/am/are+主语+现在分词+其他
例:What is your brother doing?
7、动词+ing形式(现在分词)的构成.
1一般情况下在动词词结尾加-ing.
如: eat--eating, do-doing,clean-cleaning,play-playing,
2以不发音的元音字母e结尾的动词,先去掉e再加-ing.
如:take--taking, write-writing, have-having, come-coming. dance—dancing
3词尾如果是以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词.应该先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ing.如:run-running,sit-sitting ,swim-swimming,shopping, put-putting, sit-sitting
三、情态动词：1、任何主语+can/may/must+动词原形 2、主语+ can’t/may not/ mustn’t+动词原形
3、Can/May/Must + 主语+ 动词原形？
4、疑问词+can/may/must+主
语+动词原形？
四、谓语动词（是固定搭配）
1. like+ to do不定式/doing动名词
2.want to do sth.
3. love to do
4. would like to do sth.
5. enjoy doing sth.
6. thanks for doing
7. stop doing
sth 8. let sb. do sth.
She wants _____(have) a party. Does he like _______(swim)
Thanks for _______(enjoy) CCTV show. She never stops ____(talk).
五、祈使句：
Go straight and turn left/ right.
Go through Fifth Avenue.
Take a taxi（Take a bus，Take a walk……）
六、人称代词：我你他她它我们你们
他/她/它们
主格： I you he she it we you
they
宾格： me you him her it us you
them
形容词性物主代词：我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的
他/她/它们的
my your his her its our your their
练习：1.________(我) am a worker. _________(你) are a doctor. ______(她) is
a teacher.
2.This is (他的 )shirt.
3. This is __________(我的)pen.
4._________(他们的) trousers are there.
5. I like this picture. Please give ________(它) to ________(我).
6. People get ________(他们的) money from _________(我).
7._____(他们) are new students. _____(他们的) names are Lucy and Lily.
8. These are _____(我们的) shoes. Can ____(我们) wear ______(它们).
9．Thank _______ for _______(你的) help.
10. _______(他) loves _______（她）, and _______(她) loves _______（他）,too.
______(我) love _________（你）, and ________(你) love _______（我），too.
典型例题
1.填空题
1.Mr Green _____(be) a worker. Now he ____(work) in the field.
2.Listen! Who_______(sing)
3.What time ____ your brother usually _____(do) his homework?
4.You can_______(come) here by bus.
5. Who ____(have) a ruler
6.Are they_____(clean) the room
7.-____ you____(eat) dinner – Yes, we are.
8.Jack ____(have) a soccer ball, but he ____(not have) a basketball.
9._______Jim _______(like)______(run)
10.They _____(be) from Canada. They______(not speak) Chinese.
11. He wants _________________(be) tall.
2.汉译英
1.我们正在吃晚餐。

We __________________________.
2、我们每天6点起床。

We __________________ at six every day.
3．你们在聊天吗？是的。

_______ they _______ Yes, they _____.
4、他们常常聊天吗？不是。

______ they often ______ No, they ________.
5、他在做什么？他在做作业。

What ____he ___ He_______.
6、他晚上常干什么？他常做作业。

What ___he usually ___ in the evening He usually______.
阅读理解
A篇
Thousands of years ago. There was a very clever king with the name of Soloman. There are many stories about him. Here is one of them which shows how clever he was. Once there were two women. They lived in the same house, and each had a baby. One night, one of the babies died, and its mother took the other woman's child, and put it in her own bed instead. The next morning they had a quarrel. "No, this is my child, the dead one is yours, " said the other. Each one wanted the living baby, but no one
could tell whom it belonged to. So they went to see King Solomon. When King Solomon heard their story, he said, "Bring me a knife, cut the child in two, and give each woman one half. " "That's very fair, oh, bright King!" said the dead baby's mother. "Give her my child, let it be hers, but don't kill the child. Oh, King!" cried the other woman in tears. Then King Solomon pointed to the woman in tears and said, "Give the child to her, for she is its mother. "
根据短文内容, 判断正（T）误（F）
1. The two women in the same house each had a child. ( )
2. One night the two babies died. ( )
3. The two women quarrelled because Solomon killed their babies. ( )
4. Solomon came to see the mothers after their babies died. ( )
5. King Solomon cut the living child in two and gave each woman one half. ( )
B篇
A young officer was at a railway station. On his way home, he wanted to telephone his mother to tell her the time of his train, so that she could meet him at the station in her car. He looked in all his pockets, but found that he did not have the right money for the telephone, so he went outside and looked around for someone to help him.
At last an old soldier came by, and the young officer stopped him and said, "Have you got change for ten pence"
"Wait a moment, " the old soldier answered, beginning to put his hand in his pocket, "I'll see whether I can help you."
"Don't you know how to speak to an officer" the young man said angrily. "Now let's start again. Have you got change for ten pence"
"No, sir, " the old soldier answered quickly.
根据短文内容, 选择正确答案
60. The young officer wanted to telephone his mother to tell her _________. ( )
A. that he was going to visit her
B. when his train would leave
C. when his train would arrive
D. that he was now at the railway station
61. He looked around for help because he _________. ( )
A. didn't have coins for the phone call
B. had no money to make the phone call
C. didn't have the local money
D. wanted to change money
62. The old soldier _________. ( )
A. was glad to help him
B. didn't know if he had coins
C. didn't want to help him
D. was angry
63. The young officer was angry because he thought the old soldier _________. ( )
A. didn't know how to speak to him
B. didn't want to help him
C. didn't answer him correctly
D. was not friendly to him
64. The old soldier in the story was_________. ( )
A. clever
B. stupid
C. polite
D. friendly。