中考英语语法专题——形容词和副词

I jump (the) farthestin my class.
我是我们班跳得最远的。
(2)“主语+be/v.+one of the+最高级+复数可数名词+in/of短语”表示“……是……中
最……之一”。
Beijing is one of the biggest cities in China.
北京是中国最大的城市之一。
A.hardly
B.widely
C.never
D.seldom
3.[2019·达州]—As we know, it’s very difficult to live in a foreign country like the UK, the US and so on.
—I agree._______, if you don’t understand the local language.
2.副词的位置 (1)副词修饰实义动词，一般放在其后面。 (2) 频度副词sometimes, often, usually, hardly,ever,seldom, never 等，用在实意动词前，be动词，情态 动词，助动词之后。
考点三 形容词和副词的比较等级 金榜187 页认真整理笔记
1.规则变化 (1)一般在词尾直接加-er或-est。如: tall—taller—tallest, long— longer — longest (2)以不发音的字母e结尾的词,在词尾直接加-r或-st。如: nice—nicer—nicest, large— larger — largest (3)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,把y变为i,再加-er或-est。如: heavy—heavier—heaviest, busy—busier—busiest, funny— funnier — funniest
(2)“A+be/v.+the+比较级+of the two…”表示“A是两者中较……的”。 Look at the two boys. Xiaoming is the taller of the two. 看那两个男孩。小明是两个当中较高的那个。 (3)“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。 He is getting taller and taller.他越来越高了。 He does his homework 他做作业越来越认真了。m__o__r_e__a_n__d__m__o_r_e__c_a__r_e_f_u_l_ly. (4)“the+比较级…,the+比较级…”表示“越……,越……”。
[注意] 比较级前常用much, even, a little, a bit, a lot, far等词修饰。
3.最高级常用的句型结构
(1)“主语+be/v.+the+最高级(+单数可数名词)+in/of短语”表示“……是……中最……的”。
Tom is the tallest (student) in his class. 汤姆是他班上最高的(学生)。
3.I lost my ticket, but luckily (luck), the travel agent gave me another one.
4.—Is it much cheaper and farmore enjoyable(enjoyable) to travel by train than by
1.原级的用法 (1)只能修饰原级的词有very, quite, so, too等。 The old man is too tired to walk on. 那位老人太累了,不能再继续走了。 (2)原级常用的句型结构 ①“as+形容词/副词原级+as”表示“……和……程度相同”。 Lucy is as old as Kate. 露西和凯特的年龄一样大。 Tom runs as fast as Mike. 汤姆和迈克跑得一样快。
考点过关训练
用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空 1.Seeing a bird resting by the window, the boy moved quietly (quiet) to have
a look at it. 2.The river is twice as
long (long) as that one.
(4)重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时,先双写这个辅音字母,再加 -er或-est。如: big—bigger—biggest, hot—hotter—hottest, thin— thinner — thinnest , fat—fatter—fattest (5)部分双音节词和多音节词在原级前加more构成比较级,加most构 成最高级。如: slowly— more slowly — most slowly , beautiful—more beautiful—most beautiful
中考英语复习专题—— 形容词和副词
【中考考点】 (1)形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级的构成规则、基本句型及其用法。 (2)形容词作表语和定语的用法。 (3)副词作状语的用法。
考点一 形容词
1.形容词的句法功能
(1)形容词作定语。
①单个形容词作定语时,放在被修饰的名词前。
She is a
girl.她是一个好女孩儿。
The harder you work, the better your grades will be. 你越努力学习,你的成绩就会越好。
(5)“特殊疑问词+be/v.+比较级,A or B?”
Which is bigger, the blue ball or the red one?
哪一个球更大,蓝球还是红球?
②“not+as/so+形容词/副词原级+as” 表示“不如……那样”。 This classroom is not as/so big as that one. 这间教室不如那间大。 He doesn’t walk as slowly as you. 他走路不像你那样慢。 2.比较级常用的句型结构 (1)“A+be/v.+比较级+than+any other+单数名词(+介词短语)”表示“A比同一范围 内的任何一个人/物都……”,含义是“A最……”。 Xiaoming is taller than any other boy in his class. =Xiaoming is taller than (any of) the other boys in his class. 小明比他班上的其他任何男孩都高。
(3)“特殊疑问词+be/v.+the+最高级,A,B or C?”用于三者的比较。 Which season do you like best/(the) most , spring, summer or autumn? 你最喜欢哪一个季节,春天、夏天还是秋天? (4)“主语+be/v.+the+序数词+最高级+单数可数名词+in/of短语” 表示“……是……中的第几……”。 Tom is the second tallest boy in his class. 汤姆是他班上第二高的男生。
②形容词作不定代词的定语时,放在不定代词后面。（不定代词的修饰词后置） There is nothing important. 没有什么重要的事情。
③enough作形容词时,放在被修饰的名词的前、后均可。 We have enough money/money enough to buy every book here. 我们有足够的钱可以买这里的每一本书。 ④“基数词-可数名词单数-形容词”为复合形容词,放在被修饰的名词前面。 Tom is an eight-year-old boy.汤姆是一个八岁的男孩。
2.[2019·滨州]—Confucius Institute(孔子学院) has been set up in many other countries.
—Yes, Chinese is _______spoken in those countries. I am proud of that as a Chinese.
D.cleaner
5.[2019·鄂州]—Paul, do you prefer weekdays or weekends? —Weekdays, of course. I’m __on weekends.
A.bwenku.baidu.comsy B.much busier
C.more busier D.the busiest
(2)形容词作表语。此时与连系动词构成系表结构。 The meal is delicious.这顿饭很美味。 (3)形容词作宾语补足语。用来说明宾语的性质、状态或特征。 I found the book interesting. 我发现这本书有趣。
2.多个形容词修饰名词的顺序 限定词(冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、数词)→描绘词(大小、长短、形状、长幼、新旧、颜色、 国籍、材料)→名词 （ 限， 描 ，形 ，龄 ，色， 国 ，材） a beautiful large green Chinese carpet 一块美丽的、绿色的中国式大地毯 3.形容词的常用句式 (1)“It’s+adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人做某事……”。 [注意] 这一句型中需要用描述行为者的性格、品质等的形容词,如good, kind, nice, polite, clever, foolish, lazy, careful, careless, right, wrong等。 (2)“It’s+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说……”。 [注意] 这一句型中需要用描述某事性质的形容词,如important, necessary, difficult, easy, hard, dangerous, safe, useful, pleasant, interesting, impossible等。
6.[2019·福建]—You are singing to the plants!—That’s true. I believe it helps them_______ grow .
考点二 副词
1.副词的句法功能
(1)用作状语。 He speaks English
very well
. （修饰动词speak）
他英语说得非常好。
(2)用作表语。
class is over. 下课了
(3)用作定语。通常情况下,副词用作定语时总是放在被修饰的名词或代词之后。
The people there are very friendly. 那儿的人很友好。
A.Especially B.Generally C.Naturally D.Exactly
4.[2019·青岛]To make rivers _______than before, everybody is supposed to protect them.
A.dirty
B.dirtier C.clean
1.[2019·贵港]—What do you think of the TV program The Reader?
—Excellent. Many people are _____about it. They never miss it.
A.nervous B.worried
C.crazy
D.angry
2.不规则变化 good/well—better—best many/much—more—most ill/bad/badly—worse—worst little— less — least far—farther/further—farthest/furthest
考点四 形容词和副词比较等级的用法
plane?
—Yes, I think so.
5.We can collect rainwater when it rains heavily (heavy), and use it to water
plants.
形容词和副词导学案 Ⅰ. 单选答案. CBADB ，BDCBC, DBCCD, DDBCD