使役动词用法

使役动词是动词重要部分，也是高考的重要考点，学习时应注意下列几点

一、了解用法基本相同之处，从宏观上认识使役动词

1、含义基本相同

大多使役动词均有使、让之意。

2、结构基本相同

使役动词后面均可接宾语和宾语补足语，宾语补足语通常由形容词、副词、介词、不定式、现在分词和过去分词担任。大多数使役动词可用于被动语态。

二、掌握各自具体用法，从微观上熟悉使役动词

使役动词在含义和用法上均有不同之处，具体用法如下（一）have使，让，不用于被动语态

1.have +宾语+done

（1）叫、让、请别人做某事，表动作的执行者不是主语也不是宾语而是别人。

例I’ll have my bike repaired this afternoon. 今天下午我要请人修自行车。

You’d better have your teeth pulled out.

He had his pocket picked.

（2）遭遇不幸事件

例He had his wallet stolen at the station. 他的钱包在火车站不幸遭窃。

2.have +宾语+do让……做某事，动作执行者为宾语

例He had her go there. 他让她去那儿。

What would you have me do?

3.have +宾语+doing让……做某事，动作执行者为句子宾语，但动词必须为持续性动词，后面常接时间段。

例He had her standing in the rain for two hours. 他让

她在雨中站了两个小时。

I won’t have women working in our company.

4.have +宾语+adj./adv./prep. 促使某一动作发生

例Please have your money ready. 请准备好钱。

（二）make 使……，有轻微强迫之意

1.make +宾语+do，迫使某人做某事，被动语态为be made to do

例The boy made the girl cry.男孩把女孩惹哭了。

They made me repeat the story.

What makes the grass grow?

2.make+宾语+adj./adv./prep./n.使……处于某种状态

例His illness made him very weak. 他的病使他很虚弱。

The news made him happy.

He couldn’t make himself heard above the noise of the traffic.

His actions made him universally respected.

He made her his wife.

3.make +宾语+doing使……处于某种状态，并强调动作的主动性

例The story made him feeling sad.这个故事使他很难受。

4.make +宾语+done使处于某种状态，并强调动作的被动性

例Please speak louder to make yourself heard. 请讲大

声一点以便让别人听到你。

（三）leave让，使，带走既可用于主动语态也可用于被动语态

1.leave +宾语+to do sth.让某人做某事，强调未来动作

例Leave him to do it himself. 让他自个儿去做这件事吧。

2.leave +宾语+doing让某人做某事，强调当时正在发生的动作

例What he said left me thinking deeply.他的话使我陷入了沉思。

3.leave +宾语+done 使……处于某种被动状态，强调动作的被动性

例We can’t leave such an important matter unfinished. 我们不能让这样一件重要的事半途而废。

4.leave+ 宾语+adj./adv./prep.使……处于某一特定状态

例Who left the door open？谁让门开着？

（四）get使，让

1.get +宾语+to do 让……做某事，强调未来性动作

例He got his brother to help him. 他让他的兄弟帮助他。

I can’t get anyone to do the work properly.

2.get +宾语+done让……被做，强调被动性动作

例He got the car started. 他发动了小汽车。

Can you get the work finished in time?

I must get my hair cut.

3.get +宾语+doing 让……做某事，强调正在进行的动作

例She got her bike running very fast. 她把自行车骑得飞快。

4.get+宾语+adj./adv./prep.使……发生

例Please get your tickets ready. 请准备好票。

（五）keep使，让，保持

1.keep +宾语+doing 使某人处于做某事的状态中，强调动作延续一段时间

例I’m sorry to have kept you waiting for so long. 对不起，让您久等了。

2.keep +宾语+adj./adv./prep. 使……处于特定状态

例Please keep the classroom clean. 请保持教室干净。

3.keep +宾语+done使……处于被动状态