裕兴新概念英语第二册笔记 第06课

单词学习
beggar n. 乞丐
beg [beɡ] v. 乞求，行乞
重读闭音节，需双写g。

类似的词有：
begin, dig, run, swim, drag, big, rob
a begging letter 求援信
beg sth from sb 乞求…..向……行乞= beg for sth from sb
eg. Percy Buttons begged for a meal and a glass of bear from me.
帕西·巴顿斯向我讨要一顿饭和一杯啤酒
相当于：Percy Buttons asked me for a meal and a glass of bear.
ask sb for sth 向某人要求某物
beg sth from sb （更谦卑）向某人要求某物
eg. My little brother asks me for lucky money every year.我的弟弟每年都向我要压岁钱。

eg. The girl asked her mother for that beautiful skirt. 那个小女孩向她妈妈要那条漂亮的裙子。

beg sb for sth 恳求，祈求（以谦虚的姿态要求）
eg. Set him free, I beg you! 我求求你，饶了他吧!
beg sb not todo sth 祈求某人不做某事
beg sb to do sth 祈求某人去做某事
eg. They begged us not to punish them. 他们祈求我们不要惩罚他们。

eg. He knew that he had burt her and begged her to forgive him.
他知道他伤害了她，恳求她原谅。

I beg your pardon!
1) I'm sorry. / Excuse me. 对不起，请原谅。

2) Please repeat that./ Pardon 请再说一遍
beg somebody off 为某人求情
beg a favor of somebody 恳求别人帮忙
v + er/or/ar 可以表达"人"的概念
work-worker 工人; sail-sailor 水手; beg-beggar 乞丐
eg. Beggars can't be choosers. 饥不择食（谚语）
beggar 家伙，（口语）有戏虐之意
eg. You lucky beggar. 你这家伙真幸运！
food n.
1) [u] 食物，通常为不可数名词
eg. We can't live for long without food and water. 没有食物和水我们活不长。

mental food 精神食粮
food for thought 应思考之事
2) [u] 作为特种食品时，可作为可数名词
baby foods 婴儿食品health foods 健康食品
frozen foods 冷冻食品breakfast foods 早餐食物
a favorite food 最喜欢的一种食物
3) food chain 食物链
pocket n. 口袋，兜儿，衣袋
trouser pocket 裤子口袋
pocket dictionary 袖珍字典
pocket-knife 袖珍小刀
pocket money 零花钱，一般指孩子的零花钱
beer money 男士零花钱
allowance (Am) 零花钱
put one's hand in one's pocket 愿意花钱
pick somebody's pocket 扒窃
pickpocket n. 扒手。

尤指在人多处行窃的。

put somebody's pride in one's pocket 姑且忍辱负重
call v./n.
1) v. 拜访
call on sb 拜访某人
call at some place 拜访某地
visit sb 拜访某人
visit sp 参观某地
drop in on sb 拜访某人
drop in at sp 参观某地
区别：visit 是最为正式的参观或拜访，指那种经过准备的，比较长时间的，比较正式的参观或拜访；call on sb, call at some place 在口语中更为常见，表示那种比较短时间的非正式访问等含义；drop in on sb, drop in at sp 更为不正式，表示顺道拜访。

2) v. 打电话
call sb up=ring sb up 给某人打电话
eg. I'll call you up this evening 今天晚上我会给你打电话的。

call for 要求，需要
eg. This occasion calls for prompt action. 这种场合需要紧急行动。

3) n.
a call for help
a cry for help 求助，求救
call girl 应召女郎
pay a call on a friend 拜访朋友，相当于：call on a friend
roll call=call the roll 点名
roll 卷状物；正式的表格，登记表；（尤指）名单，报名册
move v./n.
1) 移动，改变位置
move a chair nearer to the fire 把椅子移近这堆火
2) 搬家，迁居
move from…to… 从……搬到……
move to a new house 搬进新房子
eg. He couldn't pay his rent, so he had to move out. 他付不起房租，所以他不得不搬出。

3) 使人动心而（流泪，微笑等）
eg. Her story moved us to tears. 她的故事令我们感动得流泪。

eg. We were greatly moved by his performance of the piano concerto.
我们为他的钢琴协奏曲的演奏而感动不已。

4) 提议
eg. I moved for the suspension of further discussion. 我提议延缓进一步讨论问题。

（suspension n. 暂停，延缓）
5) （事情）进行，进展
eg. It is necessary to move on the problem soon. 立刻着手解决这个问题是很有必要的。

move about ，move around 四处走动
move away 搬家
move up 晋升
move out 迁出，搬出去
move over 挪开些
6) n. 下棋的一步棋
eg. It's your move. 轮到你下棋了。

7) n. 手段，措施
make a move 采取行动
on the move 在进展中，在移动中
get a move on 催促前进
课文讲解
return
1) n. 回报，作为报答
in return for 回报
eg. I bought him a present in return for his help. 我为他买了一份礼物，作为他帮忙的回报。

a return visit 回访
a poor return for one's kindness 以薄礼回报他人的好意
a return ticket 往返票
2) v. 返回
return home from abroad 回国
return to ……from…… 从……归来，返回
return sth to sb 归还，送回
eg. You must return the book in a week. 你必须一周之内归还这本书。

eg. The enemy returned our fire. 敌人还击。

3) v. （疾病等）发作，重犯
eg. My toothache returned in a few hours. 几小时后，我的牙疼又犯了。

stand on one's head = head over heels 头顶地倒立
stand ( stood, stood ) v. 站立，直立
eg. Stand still while I take your photograph. 当我为你拍照时，你站着别动。

v. 起立
eg. Stand up! 起立！
v. 容忍（尤用于否定句和疑问句中，与can/could连用，不能用于进行时态）eg. She's not going to stand for her own children disobey her.
她不能容忍自己的孩子不服从她。

eg. He can't stand hot weather. 他忍受不了炎热的天气。

give sb sth = give sth to sb
I give him a meal = I give a meal to him
a piece of cheese 一块奶酪
不可数名词要表示"一个"这类概念时，加a piece of 这类定语
a piece of news 一条新闻
a fit of anger 一股怒气
a slip of paper 一条纸
a length of cloth 一块布
a block of ice 一大块冰
a grain of rice 一粒米
a lump of suger 一块方糖
tell
v. 告诉
tell sb sth
tell you a secret 告诉你一个秘密
v. 辨认
tell the difference between A and B 辨认A与B之间的区别
tell a lie 说谎
tell sb about sth 告诉某人关于……的情况
eg. One of my neighbors told me about him. 我的一位邻居告诉我关于他的情况。

to tell the truth 老实讲
tell the tale 话说得可怜以博取同情
eg. You're telling me. 不用你说，我早就知道了。

（口语）
eg. You never can tell. 谁也不敢说。

in the street (Br) 在大街上
on the street (Am) 在大街上
once a month 一个月一次
once a year 一年一次
once a week 一星期一次
Special difficulties
有些动词的后面加上介词或副词以后就会改变含义，这种新的组合被称作动词短语。

1. I put your book on the shelf. 我把你的书放在书架上。

I put on my hat and left the house. 我戴上帽子，离开了屋子。

2.Who took my umbrella? 谁拿走了我的伞？
It was very hot, so I took off my hat. 天很热，因此我脱掉了外套。

3. Come and look at my photograph album. 过来看看我的相册。

I am looking for my pen. I lost it this morning.我正在找我的钢笔，我今天早上把它弄丢了。

Will you look after the children for me, please? 请你帮我照看一下孩子们，好吗？
关于knock 的短语
1. A beggar knocked at my door. 一位乞丐敲了我家门。

2. I knocked the vase off the table and broke it. 我把花瓶从桌上碰掉，把它打碎了。

3. He always knocks off at six o'clock.
He finishes his work at six o'clock.
他总是6点钟下班。

4.The shop assistant knocked 10% off the bill.
He returned the price by 10%.
售货员给了10%的优惠。

5. A car knocked the boy over.
It hit him so hard and made him fall.
汽车把男孩撞倒了。

6. In the fight, the thief knocked the policeman out. 在博斗中小偷把警察打昏了。

Special difficulties……Exercises A
根据上下文填上正确的介词或副词
1. He did not know how to fight, but he knocked the boxer out.
他不知道怎么打，但他把那位拳击手打倒了。

2. The flowerpot is broken, who knocked it over. 这个花盆碎了，谁把它打翻的？
pot n.锅，用于某种用途的各种容器
flowerpot 花盆teapot 茶壶
A chicken in every pot, a car in every garage. 家家锅里有鸡，家家车库有汽车。

（1928年胡佛竞选美国总统时的承诺语）
3. I knocked off early yesterday and went to a football match. 我昨天早下班，去看足球比赛。

4. Listen! Someone is knocking at the window! 听！有人敲门！
Special difficulties…..Exercises B
用含有knock的短语动词来替换句中的词组：
1. The old lady hit the thief over the head with a candlestick and now he is unconscious.
这位老太太用蜡烛台敲在那个贼的头上，现在贼毫无知觉。

→The old lady hit the thief over the head with a candlestick and knocked him out.（把他打昏）
2. At what time do you finish work every day? 你每天几点钟结束工作？
→At what time do you knock off every day?
3. The shopkeeper reduced the price of all his goods by 20%.
店主把他所有商品优惠20%出售。

→The shopkeeper knocked 20% off the price of all his goods.
<四> 练习exercises
1、Everybody knows him. ____ know him. 每个人都认识他A．They all B. Each c. Every d. all they 分析：
(3)
A．他们都B．每一个C．Each 做主语，后边动词应为单数第3 人称D．Every 形容词不能做主语All 后面加代词应是all of them
2、__D__ does he call? Once a month. 他多久打一次电话？每个月一次。

A．how seldom B. how long C. how soon D. how often 分析：A．有多久B．多久C．有多快D．多久一次。

3、she gave him a piece of cheese. He put the ___A___ of cheese in his pocket. A．bit B. bar C. block D. packet 分析：A．小块，片B．长条，长块C．大块的D．小包
4、when I met Mrs. Smith this morning，she __D___ you and your family. 今天早晨遇到史密斯夫人的时候，她问候了你和你的家人 A. asked for B. asked of C. asked over D. asked after 分析： A. 要求，要 B 和 C 的搭配是错误的，ask 不和of 和over 搭配。

D.问候，问好，是固定词组
<六>补充内容量词A coat of 一层例：He wiped a thin coat of dust of the plate with his sleeve. 他用袖子揩去盘子上一层薄薄的灰尘There was a thin crust of dirt around the bath. 浴缸四周有层薄薄的污垢 ...。