高三上学期月考考试试卷真题
高中英语真题-高三第一次月考英语试卷
高三第一次月考英语试卷第一部分：阅读理解 (共20小题；每小题2分, 满分40分)(A)The Lies of George W. BushBy David CornImprint: Three Rivers PressTrade Paperback: 368 pagesPub Date: May 2004Price: US $ 12.195ISBN: 1400050677All American presidents have lied, but George W. Bush has s eriously abused the truth, this book tells us. It’s full of sharp a ccusations against the US president and his inner circle. Davi d Corn, the Washington editor of “The Nation”, details the ma ny times the Bush administration knowingly and intentionally misled the American public to advance its own interests and p lan. These include: Unclear reports and presenting misleading arguments to gain public support for the war against Iraq. Mis leading explanations, instead of telling the full truth, about the 9/11 attacks.The Family: The Real Story of the Bush DynastyBy Kitty KelleyImprint: DoubledayHardcover: 736 PagesPub Date: September 2004Price: US $ 29.95ISBN: 03855032451,3,5They have got huge financial power and controlled world politi cs for more than half a century. They have been elected as go vernors, congressmen, senators and presidents. They have s haped America’s past and, with the country at war under the l eadership of their No. 1 son, they are, shaping America’s futur e. As the Bush family has risen to power, they have been mas ters of their own public image. They act and operate under th e protection of privacy their money and status has afforded th em.America’s Secret WarBy George FriedmanImprint: DoubledayHardcover: 368 pagesPub Date: October 2004Price: US $ 25.95ISBN: 0385512457Friedman tells the surprising truth behind America’s foreign p olicy and war in Afghanuistan and Iraq. In “America’s Secret War”, George Friedman identifies the Untied States’ most dan gerous enemies. He also examines presidential strategies of t he last quarter century, and reveals the real reasons behind t he attack of 9/11 and the Bush administration’s reasons for th e war in Iraq.He describes in detail America’s secret and open efforts in the global war against terrorism.1．Which of the two books are published by the same publish er?A．America’s Secret War and The Nation.B．The Family: The Real Story of the Bush Dynasty and The Lies of George W. Bush.C．The Family: The Real Story of the Bush Dynasty and Am erica’s Secret War.D．America’s Secret War and The Lies of George W. Bush. 2．In the three books introduced above, the readers can lear n .A．how George W. Bush lied to the American peopleB．how the Bush family came to powerC．the real truth behind the war on terrorismD．the truth about Bush3．In which book is Bush criticized by the author?A．America’s Secret War.B．The Lies of George W. Bush.C．The Family: The Real Story of the Bush Dynasty.D．The Nation.4．If you are an official from the department of foreign affairs, which book will most interest you?A．America’s Secret War.B．The Lies of George W. BushC．The Family: The Real Story of the Bush Dynasty.D．The Nation.(B)Kenyan President Uhuru Kenyatta has made an ambitious offer to the country’s schoolchildren—free lap tops (便携式电脑) for every first-year student. But some question whether the country is ready and whether the president’s plans can really happen.Head teacher Bernadette Owino, atthe Muthaiga primary school outside Nairobi, said the new tec hnology could really open doors for her students. “The world i s becoming a small villageand you need to connect with the rest of the world, only if yo u are computer literate,” she said. “And it will also give the chil dren a chance as they progress and grow to be able to resear ch and have more knowledge. I think it’s a great idea if it work s. It’s beautiful. ”Although students and educators are excited about the gover nment’s laptop program, others say Kenya isn’t ready. Many t eachers still aren’t computer literate themselves and a lot of s chools are in disrepair or even lack electricity.The post-primary teachers union said it supports the plan in theory, but Secretary General Akelo MMisori said bringing teachers and s tudents up to speed should be the first.“If skills of math and reading are still a challenge in our primar y schools, then it means, therefore, that the introduction of tec hnology in schools through laptops may not be practical for ou r learning circumstances now,” he noted.But Suleman Okech, from the Jomo Kenyatta University of Ag riculture and technology, leads a team planning ways to carryout the program, from providing the solar powered laptops to training teachers. “Every new project o r program has challenges to be dealt with.” Okech stated. Okech said to produce half a million laptops by January, they would have to employ 12,000 people, And the biggest remaini ng burden is cost, because the program is estimated to (估计) cost hundreds of millions of dollars.5. What does the underlined put “you're computer literate" pro bably mean in paragraph 2?A. you can afford a computerB. you are good at co mputerC. you like using computerD. you know nothing abo ut computer6. Of the following difficulties in carrying out the President's pl an, which is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. ExpenseB. Lacking skillsC. Poor school conditionsD. Challenging computer technologies7. What is Sulenmn Okech’s attitude towards offering every fir st-year student a free laptop?A. confidentB. unconcernedC. disapprovingD. Co nfused8. The text is probably taken from a ______.A. science magazineB. news reportC. public speechD.story book(C)It’s sometimes said that the US is a “melting pot” of racial gro ups living together, but a decision last month set fire to the pot .On Nov 24, a local jury (陪审团) decided not to charge Darren Wilson, a 28-year-old white police officer in Ferguson, Missouri, US. Wilson shot dead the 18-year-old unarmed black teenager Michael Brown in Ferguson on Aug 9.By Nov 26, protesters (抗议者) in 37 US states and Canada had taken to the streets. Wilson said that Brown had hit him and tried to get his gun. In fear for his life, Wilson shot Brown 12 times and killed him. Ho wever, some said that Wilson attacked Brown for breaking traf fic laws, and shot him for no good reason.People are wondering if the same thing would have happened had Brown been white. The deep racial division in the US ma kes the case more than a crime story, said a New York Times article.It’s been five decades since legal segregation (种族隔离政策) was banned, but a wide gap remains between black and white Americans. The unemployment gap between them is un changed in 40 years, while the gaps in wealth, income and ed ucational attainment have widened, according to the newspap er.The case is the latest reminder for some people that the US ju dicial system doesn’t treat black and white people the same, CNN reported.Just days before the decision, a white police officer shot and k illed a 12-year-old Uack child, Tamir Rice. Police said that Tamir had an air g un that looked real, according to CNN.To help with the distrust between police and minority commun ities (社区), President Obama said that he would ask Congressfor $263 million to purchase 30, 000 body-worn cameras for police to record themselves, and improve tr aining to make sure law is obeyed.“For the majority of people who just feel pained because they get a sense that some communities aren’t treated fairly — I u nderstand that, and I want to work with you, and I want to mov e forward with you,” Obama said on Dec 2.9. Which of the following differences between black and white American is not mentioned in the text?A. educationB. jobsC. incomeD. voting10. We can learn from the text that ______.A. White Americans care little about the shootingB. Many American Media focus on the caseC. Something has been done to handle the caseD. The case is not about a man but about slavery11. President Obama’s attitude towards the case can be desc ribed as ______.A. pessimisticB. optimisticC. caringD. sympathetic12. We can infer from the text that ______.A. Obama thinks all black Americans aren’t treated fairlyB. The shooting and the decision shock the United StatesC. The police, Wilson, will be charged with the shootingD. All American policemen are equipped with body-worn cameras(D)Cell phones：Is there a cancer link?Could your cell phone give you cancer? Whether it could or n ot，some people are worrying about the possibility that phones，power lines and Wi-Fi could be responsible for a range of illnesses，from rashes to brain tumors．Some say there is evidence to support the growing anxieties ．David Carpenter，a professor of environmental health sciences at the university at Albany，in New York，thinks there’s a greater than 95 percent chance that power lin es can cause childhood leukemia(白血病)．Also there’s a greater than 90 percent chance that cell p hones can cause brain tumors．“It’s apparent now that there’s a real risk，”said Carpenter．But others believe these concerns are not justified．Dr Marth a Linet，head of radiation epidemiology(流行病学)at the US National Cancer Institute，has looked at the same research as Carpenter but has reache d a different conclusion．“I don’t support warning labels for ce ll phones，”said Linet．“We don’t have the evidence that ther e’s much danger．”Studies so far suggest a weak connection between EMFs(电磁场)and illness—so weak that it might not exist at a11．A multinational investig ation of cell phones and brain cancer，in 13 countries outside the US，has been underway for several years．It’s funded in part by t he European Union，in part by a cell phone industry group．The final report should come out later this year，but data so far don’t suggest a strong link between cell phone use and cancer risk．13. From.the passage we can learn that some people are wor ried because______.A．they have evidence that the use of cell phones can lead t o cancerB．they feel surprised and alarmed about cell phone useC．some experts have given a warningD．cell phones are responsible for brain tumors14. Which of the following best describes the attitude of the a uthor towards the debate?A．Optimistic．B．Objective．C．Opposite．D．Casual．15．The underlined word“justified”in Paragraph 3 is closest inmeaning to_____．A．explained B．confirmed C．classified D．restricted第二部分英语知识运用第一节：完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项One afternoon, I arrived home late from school. While I was chatting to my grandmother aboutmy busy day, my sister 16 us, wanting to know if we, too, c ould smell burning.As my parents were overseas, the thought of a 17 terrified us and we quickly checked every room in the house. 18 the kitchen, I could see a glowing light and hear a roaring sound. To my 19 , the stove was on fire and smoke was blowing ou t of the window. I yelled to my sister and grandmother to 20 the house. My sister grabbed the 21 to call the fire brigade (消防队) and, together with the dog, we ran away from the house. While we 22 waited for help, a lady and her young daught er ran towards us to 23 if we were hurt. She had noticed s moke coming from our window and had already 24 the firebrigade. She hugged us and was very delighted to see us 25 .She led us to her car where we waited 26 the fire was put out. She also helped us answer questions so the police could start their investigations.Once the lady was 27 that some order had been restored, she apologized for being 28 to stay longer, as she had to t ake her daughter to a dance performance. She 29 to return later to check in on us.I was completely 30 for words. This kind lady had gone ou t of her 31 to make sure we were safe and now she was so rry about leaving us. We thanked her very much and 32 her not to 33 any further.Hours later, we were allowed back into the house. It was abo ut midnight when the doorbell rang. To my disbelief, it was the34 from earlier at the door.35 , in all the commotion（混乱）, I didn’t ask her where she lived so my family hasn’t bee n able to thank her properly for her thoughtful actions that day .16. A. informed B. interruptedC. introducedD. interviewed17. A. fire B. thief C. stormD. robber18. A. Going B. Coming C. NearingD. Closing19. A. delight B. amazement C. disappoi ntment D. horror20. A. get out of B. get back to C. get throughD. get into21. A. phone B. stick C. water ta p D. loudspeaker22. A. excitedly B. anxiously C. tiredlyD. hardly23. A. watch B. understand C. checkD. ensure24. A. met B. investigated C. declaredD. alerted25. A. terrified B. alone C. togetherD. safe26. A. unless B. although C. untilD. since27. A. reported B. convinced C. warnedD. disturbed28. A. unable B. uncertain C. inconven ient D. impossible29. A. promised B. decided C. refused D. expected30. A. unknown B. puzzled C. beatenD. lost31. A. house B. way C. troubleD. mind32. A. insisted B. ordered C. urgedD. suggested33. A. live B. step C. exploreD. delay34. A. fireman B. policeman C. ladyD. daughter35. A. Undoubtedly B. Unfortunately C.UnlikelyD. Unimportantly第二节根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处最佳选项。
新疆博尔塔拉蒙古自治州第五师高级中学2020届高三上学期第二次月考英语考试试卷
英 语 试 卷一． 完形填空（每题1.5分，共20小题，共计30分）The day finally came, when I had to leave the warm home where I’d grown up. Iran to the back yard as tears came up from my heart. Suddenly I 1 a hand rest onmy shoulder. I looked up to 2 my grandfather. “It isn’t 3 ，is it, Billy ？” hesaid softly. Gently 4 my hand in his. We walked, hand in hand, to the front yard, 5 a huge red rose-bush sat alone. “What do you see here , Billy ？” he asked. Ilooked at the flowers ，not knowing 6 to say, and then answered ，“I seesomething soft and 7 ，grandpa.” He pulled me 8 “It isn’t just the roses thatare beautiful, Billy. It’s that special place in your heart that makes them so.” “Billy ，I 9 these roses when my first son was born. It was my 10 of say ing ‘thankyou’ to God. I 11 to watch him pick roses for his mother. Then, as a young manof only 20, a terrible war robbed him of his life.” Grandpa slowly stood up. “Neversay good-bye Billy. Never 12 to the sadness and the loneliness. Instead, I wantyou to remember the joy and the 13 when you first said hello to a friend.”A year later, my grandpa became very 14 . Then all members of the familywere15 back, and I returned to the old house. When it came to my 16 , I took hishand as 17 as he had once taken mine. “Hello , grandpa,” I 18 . His eyesslowly opened and said ，“Hello ，my friend.” With a brief 19 he died. Suddenly,and truly, I knew what he had 20 about never saying good-bye —about refusingto give in to sadness.1. A. felt B. fixed C. watched D. heard 2．A. watchB. interviewC. seeD. discover 3．A. difficultB. hardC. easyD. comfortable 4．A. making B. taking C. leadingD. carrying 5．A. where B. when C. which D. while6．A. what B. how C. who D. whether7．A. redB. tastyC. funnyD. beautiful 8．A. close B. hard C. far D. around 9．A. bought B. planted C. treated D. discovered 10. A. approach B. method C. way D. solution 11. A. preferred B. wanted C. referred D. used12. A. give up B. give off C. give in D. give away13. A. word B. happiness C. sight D. memory14. A. ill B. weak C. old D. serious15. A. ordered B. called C. delivered D. sent16. A. pleasure B. duty C. turn D. wish17. A. happily B. sadly C. carefully D. gently18. A. laughed B. shouted C. added D. whispered19. A. sign B. sigh C. smile D. wave20. A. thought B. meant C. worried D. cared二．阅读理解（每题2分，共20小题，共计40分）第一节阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
2022-2023学年四川省泸州市合江县重点中学高三上学期第三次月考试题 数学(理)(解析版)
C.若 ，则 ，
D. 的图像关于点 对称
11.如图，已知正方体 的棱长为1，点 为 上一动点，现有以下四个结论：①面 面 ；② 面 ；③当 为 的中点时， 的周长取得最小值；④三棱锥 的体积是定值，其中正确的结论个数是（）
A1B.2C.3D.4
12.设 ， ， ，则 ， ， 的大小关系正确的是（）
8.已知某锥体的三视图如图所示，其中侧视图为等边三角形，则该锥体的体积为（）
A. B. 3C. D.
9.已知定义域为 的奇函数 的周期为 ，且 时， ，若函数 在区间 （ 且 ）上至少有5个零点，则 的最小值为（）
A. B. C. D.
10.已知：函数 ，则下列说法错误的是（）
A.将 的图像向右平移 个单位长度得 的图像
所以 在 上递增，
所以 ，所以 ，
所以 ，所以 ，所以 ，
所以 ，
故选：D
【点睛】关键点点睛：此题考查导数的应用，考查利用导数比较大小，解题的关键是对已知的数变形，然后合理构造函数，通过导数判断函数的单调性，利用函数单调性比较大小，考查数转化思想和计算能力，属于难题
二、填空题：（本大题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分.把答案填在答题纸上）
A. B.
C D.
二、填空题：（本大题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分.把答案填在答题纸上）
13. ________．
14.若 的最小正周期为 ，则 ________.
15.已知直线 与曲线 相切，则 的最小值为________.
16.棱长为6的正方体内有一个棱长为a的正四面体，且该四面体可以在正方体内任意转动，则a的最大值为______
【解析】
【分析】
在R上的偶函数且在 上是减函数，即在 上增函数，要使 成立，而 有 结合函数的性质列不等式，求x取值范围
2020届高三上学期英语第一次月考英语试卷真题
2020届高三上学期英语第一次月考英语试卷一、单选题（本大题共15小题，共15分）1. As _______ monitor of our class, Jason has _______ great responsibility to get the class to work together as a team.A . a；theB . 不填；aC . a；不填D . a；a2. The new playground to be built next year will be ____________ the old one.A . as three times big asB . three times as big asC . as big as three timesD . as big three times as3. We can observe that artificial intelligence has already made a ________ on our lives in many waysA . statementB . impactC . impressionD . judgment4. She often ________ her daughter on the way home after work.A . joins upB . looks upC . picks upD . takes up5. Television is more than an electronic equipment; it _____ a powerful tool for communication.A . was becomingB . has becomeC . had becomeD . will become6. Let’s not pick these peaches until this weekend ___________they get sweet enough to be eaten.A . ever sinceB . as ifC . even thoughD . so that7. The quality of education in this small school is better than ______ in some larger schools.A . thatB . oneC . itD . this8. With two children _____ middle school in the nearby town now, theparents are working hard.A . to attendB . attendingC . attendedD . having attended9. As far as I know, education is about learning. The more you learn, _______.A . the better for life are you preparedB . the better you are prepared for lifeC . the better life are you prepared forD . you are prepared the better for life10. Sherlock Holmes is famous ____ a detective as he is known ___ everybody ____ his quick thinking and careful observation.A . as; to; forB . to; for; byC . for; to; asD . to; as; for11. If we had taken such effective________much earlier, the river would not be polluted so seriously now.A . treasuresB . effortsC . measuresD . actions12. It’s the third time that I _________ you _________ your promise.A . reminded; aboutB . have reminded; ofC . reminded; ofD . have reminded; about13. ___ in London, the penniless American wandered on the pavement, ___ to find a job to make a living.A . Lost; hopedB . Losing; hopedC . Lost; hopingD . Losing; hoping14. It suddenly occurred to him ____ he had left his keys in the office.A . thatB . whatC . whereD . which15. There was snow everywhere ______ the shapes of things were difficult to identify.A . so thatB . now thatC . for fear thatD . on condition that二、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30分）16. 完形填空At my heaviest I weighed 370pounds. I had a very poor relationship with food: I used it to 1bad feelings, to make myself feel better, andto celebrate. Worried about my health, I tried many different kinds of 2but nothing worked.I came to believe that Icould do nothing about my 3.When I was 50, my weightproblem began to affect me 4.I didn’t want to live the rest of my life with this 5weight any more.That year, I6a seminar where we were asked to create aproject that would touch the world. A seminar leader shared her 7story —she had not only 125 pounds, butalso raised $25,000 for homeless children.8by her story, I created the As We Heal, the World Heals 9.My goal was to lose 150 pounds in one year and raise $50,00010a movement founded 30 years ago to end hunger.This combination of healing myself and healing the world 11me as the perfect solution.12Ibegan my own personal weight program, I was filled with the fear that I would 13the same difficulties that beat me before.While the 14hung over my head, there were also signs thatI was headed down the right 15. I sent letters to everyone I knew,telling them about my project. It worked perfectly. Donations began 16infrom hundreds of people.Of course, I also took some practicalsteps to lose weight. I consulted with a physician, Ihired a fitness coach, and I began to eat small and 17meals. My fund-raising focus also gave me newmotivation to exercise 18.A year later, I19my goal: I lost 150 pounds and raised $50,000!I feel that I’ve been given a second life to devote to something that is 20and enormous.（1）A . addB . mixC . killD . share（2）A . dietsB . drinksC . fruitsD . dishes （3）A . heightB . abilityC . wisdomD . weight（4）A . temporarilyB . recentlyC .seriouslyD . secretly（5）A . idealB . extraC . normalD . low（6）A . attendedB . organizedC . recommendedD . mentioned（7）A . folkB . successC . adventureD . science（8）A . SurprisedB . AmusedC . InfluencedD . Disturbed（9）A . projectB . businessC . systemD . custom（10）A . in search ofB . in need ofC . in place ofD . in support of（11）A . scaredB . consideredC . confusedD . struck（12）A . AsB . UntilC . IfD . Unless（13）A . get overB . run intoC . look forD . put aside（14）A . excitementB . joyC . angerD . fear（15）A . rowB . hallC . pathD . street（16）A . breakingB . floodingC . jumpingD . stepping（17）A . heavyB . fullC . expenseD . healthy（18）A . regularlyB . limitlesslyC . suddenlyD . randomly（19）A . setB . reachedC . missedD . dropped（20）A . stressfulB . painfulC . meaningfulD . peaceful三、阅读理解（本大题共20小题，共50分）17. 阅读理解Ancient Chinese folk paintings and manyother art styles have been passed down from generation to generation, and arestill practised in different parts of China. Here’s a look at four uniqueChinese folk art forms.Chinese Opera isthe traditional form of Chinese drama. According to incomplete statistics, inChina’s various ethnic regions there are about more than 360 kinds of operas.The most famous ones include Peking Opera, Kunqu Opera, Yueju Opera, YujuOpera, Sichuan Opera, Fujian Opera, Hebei opera, Huangmei Opera arid so on, intotal more than 50, among which Peking Opera is the most popular in China.Shadow Play dates back to Western Han Dynasty in Shaanxi more than 1,000 years ago. Themoving figures, usually carved out from leather, are operated by folk artists,accompanied by music and singing. It is the world’sfirst dubbed motion picture art form, thus considered the “ancestor”of modern film. Today this art form is still popular in northern China.Paper-cutting isone of the most popular traditional decorative arts in China with a longhistory. Paper-cutting can be seen across China and it has even developed intodifferent local genres . They are usuallyused to decorate gates and windows during festivals.The Kite was invented byChinese people. According to legend the earliest kite in China was a woodenbird by Mo Di in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. Later his student Lu Ban improvedthe tech and used bamboo as material to make a kite. Today, various kite-flyingactivities can be found in different regions of China. Shandong Weifang KiteFestival is held every year and attracts lots of kite lovers and travelers.（1）Which Chinese Opera is the most popular in China?A . Peking Opera.B . Kunqu Opera.C . Yueju Opera.D . Yuju Opera.（2）Why is Shadow Play considered the ancestor of modern film?A . It has a history of more than 1,000 years.B . It was operated by ancient folk artists.C . It is accompanied by music and dances on the stage.D . It is the world’s first dubbed motion picture art form.（3）What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 4 refer to?A . Different local genres.B . Traditional decorative pictures.C . Paper-cutting art works.D . Popular Chinese handwriting.（4）What was the earliest kite made of in China?A . Paper.B . Wood.C . Bamboo.D . Leather.（5）What is the main topic of this article?A . Chinese folk art.B . Chinese folk paintings.C . Chinese operas.D . Chinese folk plays.18. 阅读理解There’s a new frontier in 3D printingthat’s beginning to come into focus: food. Recent development has made possiblemachines that print, cook, and serve foods o n a mass scale. And the industryisn’t stopping there.Food productionWith a 3D printer, a cook canprint complicated chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on awedding cake. Not everybody can do that — it takes years of experience, buta printer makes it easy. A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodini to”re-create forms and pieces” of food that are “exactly thesame,” freeing cooks to complete other tasks. In another restaurant, allof the dishes and desserts it serves are 3D-printed, rather than farm to table.SustainabilityThe global population is expectedto grow to 9.6 billion by 2050, and some analysts estimate that food productionwill need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain current levels. Sustainabilityis becoming a necessity. 3D food printing could probably contribute to thesolution. Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids from plentiful renewables like algae and grass to replace the familiar ingredients. 3D printing can reduce fuel use and emissions. Grocery stores of the future might stock “food” that lasts years on end, freeing upshelf space and reducing transportation and storage requirements.NutritionFuture 3D food printers couldmake processed food healthier. Hod Lipson, a professor at Columbia University,said, “Food printing could allow consumers to print food with customizednutritional content, like vitamins. So instead of eating a piece of yesterday’sbread from the supermarket, you’d eat something baked just for you ondemand.”ChallengesDespite recent advancements in3D food printing, the industry has many challenges to overcome. Currently, mostingredients must be changed to a paste before a printer can use them,and the printing process is quite time-consuming, because ingredients interactwith each other in very complex ways. On top of that, most of the 3D foodprinters now are restricted to dry ingredients, because meat and milk productsmay easily go bad. Some experts are skeptical about 3D food printers, believingthey are better suited for fast food restaurants than homes and high-endrestaurants.（1）What benefit does 3D printing bring to food production?A . It helps cooks to create new dishes.B . It saves time and effort in cooking.C . It improves the cooking conditions.D . It contributes to restaurant decorations.（2）What can we learn about 3D food printing from Paragraphs 3?A . It solves food shortages easily.B . It quickens the transportation of food.C . It needs no space for the storage of food.D . It uses renewable materials as sources of food.（3）According to Paragraph 4, 3D-printed food ________.A . is more available to consumersB . can meet individual nutritionalneedsC . is more tasty than food in supermarketsD . can keep all the nutrition in raw materials（4）What is the main factor that prevents 3D food printing from spreading widely?A . The printing process is complicated.B . 3D food printers are too expensive.C . Food materials have to be dry.D . Some experts doubt 3D food printing.（5）What could be the best title of the passage?A . 3D Food Printing: Delicious New TechnologyB . A New Way to Improve 3D Food PrintingC . The Challenges for 3D Food ProductionD . 3D Food Printing: From Farm to Table19. 阅读理解Failure is probably the most exhaustingexperience a person ever has. There is nothing more tiring than not succeeding.We experience this tiredness intwo ways: as start-up fatigue and performance fatigue. In the former case, we keepputting off a task because it has either too boring or too difficult. And thelonger we delay it, the more tired we feel.Such start-up fatigue is veryreal, even if not actually physical, not something in our muscles and bones.The solution is obvious though perhaps not easy to apply: always handle themost difficult job first.Years ago, I was asked to write102 essays on the great ideas of some famous authors. Applying my own rule, Idetermined to write them in alphabetical, never letting myself leaveout a tough idea. And I always startedthe day’s work with the difficult taskof essay-writing. Experience proved that the rule works.Performance fatigue is moredifficult to handle. Though willing to get started, we cannot seem to do thejob right. Its difficulties appear so great that, however hard we work, we failagain and again. In such a situation, I work as hard as I can-then let theunconscious take over.When planning EncyclopaediaBritannica , I had to create a table of contents based on the topics of itsarticles. Nothing like this had ever been done before, and day after dat I keptcoming up with solutions, but none of them worked. My fatigue became almostunbearable.One day, mentally exhausted, Iwrote down all the reasons why this problem could not be solved. I tried toconvince myself that the trouble was with the problem itself, not with me.Relived, I sat back in an easy chair and fell asleep.An hour later, I woke upsuddenly with the solution clearly in mind. In the weeks that followed, thesolution which had come up in my unconscious mind provided correct at everystep. Though I worked as hard as before, I felt no fatigue. Success was now asexciting as failure had been depressing.Human beings, I believe musttry to succeed. Success, then, means never feeling tired.（1）People with start-up fatigue are most likely to .A . delay tasksB . work hardC . seek helpD . accept failure（2）What does the author recommend doing to prevent start-up fatigue?A . Writing essays in strict order.B . Building up physical strength.C .Leaving out the toughest ideas.D . Dealing with the hardest task first.（3）On what occasion does a person probably suffer from performance fatigue?A . Before starting a difficult task.B . When all the solutions fail.C . If the job is rather boring.D . After finding a way out.（4）According to the author, the unconscious mind may help us .A . ignore mental problemsB . get some nice sleepC . gain complete reliefD . find the right solution（5）What could be the best title for the passage?A . Success Is Built upon FailureB . How to Handle Performance FatigueC . Getting over Fatigue: A Way to SuccessD . Fatigue: An Early Sign of Health Problems20. 阅读理解A scientist working at her lab bench and asix-old baby playing with his food might seem to have little in common. Afterall, the scientist is engaged in serious research to uncover the very nature ofthe physical world, and the baby is, well, just playing…right? Perhaps,but some developmental psychologists have argued that this “play” is morelike a scientific invest igation than one might think.Take a closer look at the babyplaying at the table. Each time the bowl of rice is pushed over the table edge,it falls in the ground---and, in the process, it belongs out important evidenceabout how physical objects interact; bowls of rice do not flood in mid-sit, butrequire support to remain stable. It is likely that babies are not born knowingthe basic fact of the universe; nor are they everclearly taught it. Instead,babies may form an understanding of object support through repeated experimentsand then build on this knowledge to learn even more about how objects interact.Though their ranges and tools differ, the baby’s investigation and thescientist’s experiment appear to share the same aim, overall approach , and logic.Some psychologists suggest thatyoung children learn about more than just the physical world in this way---thatthey investigate human psychology and the rules of language using similarmeans. For example, it may only be through repeated experiments, evidence gathering,and finally overturning a theory, that a baby will come to accept the idea thatother people can have different views and desires from what he or she has, forexample, unlike the child, Mommy actually doesn’t like Dove chocolate.Viewing childhood developmentas a scientific investigation throws on how children learn, but it also offersan inspiring look at science and scientists. Why do young children andscientists seem to be so much alike? Psychologists have suggested that scienceas an effort ---the desire to explore, explain, and understand our world---issimply something that comes from our babyhood. Perhaps evolution provided humanbabies with curiosity and a natural drive to explain their worlds, and adultscientists simply make use of the same drive that served them as children. Thesame cognitive systems that make young children feel good about feel good aboutfiguring something out may have been adopted by adult scientists. As somepsychologists put it, “It is not that children are little scientis ts butthat scientists are big children.”（1）According to some developmental psychologists .A . a baby’s play is nothing more than a gameB . scientific research into babies; games is possibleC . the nature of babies’ play has been thoroughly investigatedD . a baby’s play is somehow similar to a scientist’s experiment （2）We learn from Paragraph 2 that .A . scientists and babies seem to observe the world differentlyB . scientists and babies often interact with each otherC . babies are born with the knowledge of object supportD . babies seem to collect evidence just as scientists do（3）Children may learn the rules of language by .A . exploring the physical worldB . investigating human psychologyC . repeating their own experimentsD . observing their parents’ behaviors （4）What is the main idea of the last paragraph?A . The world may be more clearly explained through children’s play.B . Studying babies’ play may lead to a better understanding of science.C . Children may have greater ability to figure out things than scientists.D . One’s drive for scientific research may become stronger as he grows.（5）What is the author’s tone when he discusses the connection between scientists’ research and babies’ play?A . Convincing.B . Confused.C . Confidence.D . Cautious.四、任务型阅读（本大题共5小题，共10分）21. 阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
哈尔滨市高三上学期语文12月月考考试试卷D卷
哈尔滨市高三上学期语文12月月考考试试卷D卷姓名:________ 班级:________ 成绩:________一、选择题 (共1题；共6分)1. （6分） (2020高一上·铜陵期末) 阅读下面文字，完成下面小题。
民宿，不是简单的一栋房子，而是一种生活状态，是当地风土人情的载体。
在激烈的市场竞争中，要想________________ ，民宿应或依托于历经沧桑的古老建筑，或依托于恬静美丽的自然风光，或依托于深厚的文化底蕴，________________ ，精心设计，形成自己的独特魅力。
尤其是可以通过与当地特色文化，提升自身品位，让游客触摸到历史、文化的脉动，与诗意栖居的惬意。
选择民宿，实际上是在选择一种更有人情味、更让人满意的体验。
走进民宿，院内树影斑驳，怪石嶙峋，真是________________。
一家民宿，如果只有古朴的房屋和美丽的景致，但服务态度和卫生条件差，存在安全隐患，则会给人一种“金玉其外，败絮其中”的感觉，使其吸引力大打折扣。
所以，有品质的民宿不仅要富有特色和魅力，还要提供更加“走心”的服务以及合乎规范的卫生条件、消防设施等，让游客在消费体验中感到舒心、放心。
从长远来看，民宿产业的可持续发展离不开合理规划，尤其是在一些适合民宿集聚发展的地区，更要统筹规划，实现差异化发展，切不可________________ ，一拥而上，简单模仿，恶性竞争。
同时，（），拓展吃、住、行、游、购、娱等环节，带动区域经济协调发展。
（1）依次填入文中横线上的成语，全都恰当的一项是（）A . 脱颖而出就地取材别具匠心饮鸩止渴B . 出类拔萃因地制宜别有洞天急功近利C . 出类拔萃就地取材别有洞天饮鸩止渴D . 脱颖而出因地制宜别具匠心急功近利（2）文中画横线的句子有语病，下列修改最恰当的一项是（）A . 尤其是可以与当地特色文化相融合，提升自身品位，让游客触摸到历史、文化的脉动与诗意栖居的惬意。
常州市高三上学期语文12月月考考试试卷
常州市高三上学期语文12月月考考试试卷姓名:________ 班级:________ 成绩:________一、选择题 (共1题；共6分)1. （6分） (2019高三上·江门期末) 阅读下面一段文字, 完成小题。
陶瓷艺术是一种具有标志性的中国文化符号，作为全世界________的一种艺术语言，似乎总是以优雅的姿态吸引着世界的目光。
制作瓷器需要极度的细心和耐心，否则，不可能制造出________的瓷器。
中国陶瓷上有“中国故事”，在表达人物故事或戏曲故事时，工匠们惯于使用“减法”，抓住其中最具爆发力的瞬间，或最具代表性的人物来概括整个故事的内容。
而（）。
通过这种以图代文的方式，实现理念与思想的教化和普及。
随着瓷器的大量出口，中国传统故事画也传到了异国他乡。
中国瓷器所蕴藏的“中国风”，令西方人________，但因为文化传统的隔阂，国外文博学界在解读中国瓷器故事画时经常________。
当前，国家大力推进“一带一路”建设的背景下，古丝绸之路有了新的时代内涵，这使中国陶瓷焕发生机提供了更大的舞台。
各方力量应该携手，把陶瓷上的中国故事讲得精准、透彻、动听。
（1）依次填入文中横线上的成语，全都恰当的一项是（）A . 耳熟能详美轮美奂拍案叫绝张冠李戴B . 有目共睹精美绝伦拍案叫绝南辕北辙C . 耳熟能详精美绝伦赞不绝口张冠李戴D . 有目共睹美轮美奂赞不绝口南辕北辙（2）下列在文中括号内补写的语句，最恰当的一项是（）A . 这些故事内容通常取材于当时流行的话本小说，容易被理解。
B . 这些故事又通常取材于容易被理解的话本小说，当时很流行。
C . 这些故事内容通常取材于容易被理解的话本小说，当时很流行。
D . 这些故事又通常取材于当时流行的话本小说，容易被理解。
（3）文中画横线的部分有语病，下列修改最恰当的一项是（）A . 国家在大力推进“一带一路”建设的背景下，古丝绸之路有了新的时代内涵，这给中国陶瓷焕发生机提供了更大的舞台。
2024-2025学年人民新版高三物理上册月考试卷79
2024-2025学年人民新版高三物理上册月考试卷79考试试卷考试范围：全部知识点；考试时间：120分钟学校：______ 姓名：______ 班级：______ 考号：______总分栏题号一二三四总分得分评卷人得分一、选择题(共9题，共18分)1、一辆汽车以20m/s的速度沿平直的公路匀速前进，因故紧急刹车，加速度大小为0.5m/s2，则刹车后汽车在1min内通过的位移大小为（）A. 1200 mB. 400 mC. 800 mD. 300 m2、（2015秋•衡水校级月考）如图甲所示，物体以水平向右的初速度v0=10m/s，在一水平向左的恒力F=7N作用下，从O点沿粗糙的水平面向右运动，某时刻后恒力F突然反向，整个过程中物块速度随时间变化的关系图象如图乙所示，g=10m/s2．下列说法中正确的是（）A. 1.0s末物体的合外力方向未发生改变B. 0～3s内物体的平均速度大小是9.0m/sC. 物体的质量是1.0kgD. 物块与水平面间的动摩擦因数为0.63、如图所示，物体在力F的作用下沿光滑水平面做匀加速直线运动．某一时刻突然撤去力F，关于物体此后的运动情况，下列判断正确的是（）A. 停止运动B. 做匀速运动C. 做匀加速运动D. 做匀减速运动4、一平行板电容器中存在匀强电场，电场沿竖直方向．两个比荷（即粒子的电荷量与质量之比）不同带正电的粒子K和P，速度关系为V K=2V p，粒子均从电容器的A点水平射入两平行板之间，测得K和P与平行板的撞击点到入射点之间的水平距离之比为1：2．如图，若不计粒子的重力，则K和P的比荷之比是（）A. 1：4B. 4：1C. 1：16D. 16：15、两质点同时沿同一条直线相向运动．A做初速度为零的匀加速直线运动，B做匀减速直线运动，加速度大小均为a，开始运动时，AB间距离为S，要想两质点在距B为处相遇；则开始运动时B的速度应为（）A.B.C.D.6、【题文】如图所示，水面下的光源S向水面A点发射一束光线，反射光线为c，折射光线分成a、b两束；则A. 在水中a光的速度比b光的速度小B. 由于色散现象，经水面反射的光线c也可能分为两束C. 用同一双缝干涉实验装置分别以a、b光做实验，a光的干涉条纹间距大于b光的干涉条纹间距D. 若保持入射点A位置不变，将入射光线顺时针旋转，则从水面上方观察，a光先消失7、如图所示，在倾角为θ的斜面体A放在水平面上，不可伸长的细线一端固定于墙面，另一端跨过斜面顶端的小滑轮与物块B相连，滑轮与墙面间的细线水平，滑轮与B物块之间的细线与斜面平行，当斜面沿水平面以速度v匀速运动时，B物块相对地面的速度大小为()A. vB. vsinθC. vtanθD. 2vsinθ28、空间某一静电场方向平行于x轴；电势φ随x变化情况如图所示，下列说法中正确的是()A. 电场场强的方向始终指向x轴的正方向B. x1处的电场场强小于x2处的电场场强C. 正电荷沿x轴从O移到x1的过程中，电场力先做负功，后做正功D. 负电荷沿x轴从O移到无限远处的过程中，电场力先做负功，后做正功9、传感器是将声、光、压等信号转化为电信号的装置．现代生活中，许多地方都用到了传感器．光电式鼠标中采用了传感器；学校楼道的照明灯也使用了传感器，当光照变暗且接收到声音时照明灯就会发光．光电式鼠标和楼道照明灯中都采用了（）A. 红外传感器B. 温度传感器C. 压力传感器D. 光传感器评卷人得分二、填空题(共7题，共14分)10、（2012春•金牛区校级月考）如图所示，在光滑绝缘水平面上，有一半径r=10cm、电阻R=0.01Ω、质量m=0.02kg的金属圆环以v0=10m/s的速度向一足够大、磁感应强度B=0.3T的匀强磁场滑去，当圆环刚好有一半进入磁场时，圆环的加速度为a=158.4m/s2，此过程圆环增加的内能为焦耳．（保留两位有效数字）11、电磁波按频率由高到低排列是：γ射线、X射线（伦琴射线）、紫外线、可见光、、微波、无线电波，它们构成了电磁波谱，其中波长最长的是．12、有三个共点力F1=2N，F2=4N，F3=4N，互成120°角，其合力的大小为 N，方向为．13、真空中有两个点电荷相隔一定距离r，相互作用力为F．若其中一个电荷的电量变为原来的4倍，为要保持原来的作用力大小不变，则两个电荷间的距离变为原来的倍．14、在串联电路中电压与电阻成，在并联电路中电流与电阻成．15、一质点沿直线Ox做匀加速运动，它离开O点的距离x随时间t的变化关系为x=t+2t2m，则该质点在t=0到t=2s间的平均速度v= m/s，质点在t=3s末的瞬时速度v3= m/s．16、某学习小组在学习了光的色散后，做了如下实验：把四个大小完全一样的红色、黄色、绿色、紫色玻璃球置于一个大烧杯的底部，且排列成一排，并向玻璃杯中注入一定深度的水，然后从水面上方垂直俯视各小球，你认为小球的视觉深度最浅．评卷人得分三、判断题(共6题，共12分)17、贝克勒尔发现了铀和含铀矿物的天然放射现象，从而揭示出原子核具有复杂结构（判断对错）18、发现电磁感应现象的科学家是法拉第．．（判断对错）19、物体运动的方向必与物体所受合外力的方向一致．（判断对错）20、物体只要是运动的，其合外力就一定不为零．（判断对错）21、火车转弯时，若转弯处内外轨道一样高，则转弯时，对外轨产生向外的挤压作用．．22、物体速度变化的方向与它受到的合外力的方向相同．（判断对错）评卷人得分四、画图题(共2题，共20分)23、图所示为一列向左传播的简谐波在某一时刻的波形图，若波速是0.5m/s，试在图上画出经7s时的波形图。
2024-2025学年浙教新版高三物理上册月考试卷334
2024-2025学年浙教新版高三物理上册月考试卷334考试试卷考试范围：全部知识点；考试时间：120分钟学校：______ 姓名：______ 班级：______ 考号：______总分栏题号一二三四五六总分得分评卷人得分一、选择题(共8题，共16分)1、磁通量的大小由穿过线圈的磁感线条数决定，如图所示，匀强磁场方向为垂直纸面向外，三个线圈面积大小排序为S1＜S2＜S3．穿过三个线圈的磁通量分别为Φ1、Φ2、Φ3，下列判断正确的是（）A. Φ1=Φ2B. Φ2=Φ3C. Φ1＞Φ2D. Φ3＞Φ22、在地球表面附近，当飞机模拟某些在重力作用下的运动时，就可以在飞机座舱内实现短时间的完全失重状态．现要求一架飞机在速度大小为v1=500m/s时进入失重状态试验，在速度大小为v2=1000m/s时退出试验，重力加速度为g=10m/s2，下列说法错误的是（）A. 可以是飞机模拟斜抛运动B. 可以是飞机模拟向下的减速运动C. 如果是竖直上抛运动，失重时间为150sD. 如果是竖直下抛运动，失重时间为50s3、如图所示，A、B两物体用细绳相连跨过光滑轻小滑轮悬挂起来，B物体放在水平地面上，A、B两物体均静止．现将B物体稍向左移一点，A、B两物体仍静止，则此时与原来相比（）A. 绳子拉力变大B. 地面对物体B的支持力变小C. 地面对物体B的摩擦力变大D. 物体B受到的合力变大4、2007年10月24日18时05分；我国成功发射了“嫦娥一号”探月卫星．卫星经过八次点火变轨后，绕月球做匀速圆周运动．图中所示为探月卫星运行轨迹的示意图（图中1；2、3…8为卫星运行中的八次点火位置）①卫星第2、3、4次点火选择在绕地球运行轨道的近地点，是为了有效地利用能源，提高远地点高度；②卫星沿椭圆轨道由近地点向远地点运动的过程中，加速度逐渐增大，速度逐渐减小；③卫星沿椭圆轨道由近地点向远地点运动的过程中，机械能守恒；④卫星沿椭圆轨道由远地点向近地点运动的过程中，卫星中的科考仪器处于超重状态；⑤卫星在靠近月球时需要紧急制动被月球所捕获，为此实施第6次点火，则此次发动机喷气方向与卫星运动方向相反．上述说法正确的是（）A. ①④B. ②③C. ①⑤D. ①③5、如图3所示，在x轴上方存在着垂直于纸面向里、磁感应强度为B的匀强磁场，一个不计重力的带电粒子从坐标原点O处以速度v进入磁场，粒子进入磁场时的速度方向垂直于磁场且与x轴正方向成120°角，若粒子穿过y轴正半轴后在磁场中到x轴的最大距离为a，则该粒子的比荷和所带电荷的正负是 ()A. ，正电荷B. ，正电荷C. ，负电荷D. ，负电荷6、如图所示，宽度为d、厚度为h的导体放在垂直于它的磁感应强度为B 的匀强磁场中，当电流通过该导体时，在导体的上、下表面之间会产生电势差，这种现象称为霍尔效应．实验表明：当磁场不太强时，电势差U、电流I和磁感应强度B的关系为：U=K，式中的比例系数K称为霍尔系数．设载流子的电量为q，下列说法正确的是（）A. 载流子所受静电力的大小F=qB. 导体上表面的电势一定大于下表面的电势C. 霍尔系数为K=，其中n为导体单位长度上的电荷数D. 载流子所受洛伦兹力的大小F洛=，其中n为导体单位体积内的电荷数7、（2015秋•陕西校级期中）如图所示，带电平行金属板A，B，板间的电势差为U，A板带正电，B板中央有一小孔，一带正电的液滴，带电量为q，质量为m，自孔的正上方距板高h处自由落下，若微粒恰能落至A，B板的正中央c点，则（）A. 微粒在整个下落过程中，动能逐渐增加，重力势能逐渐减小B. 若将微粒从距B板高2h处自由下落，则微粒的落点恰好能达到A板C. 保持板间电势差为U，若将A板上移一小段距离，则微粒的落点仍为C点D. 保持板间电势差为U，若将A板上移一小段距离，则微粒的落点位置也上移，且为B板的新的中点位置8、街道旁的路灯、江海里的航标灯都要求夜晚亮、白天熄，利用半导体的电学特性制成了自动点亮、熄灭的装置，实现了自动控制，这是利用半导体的（）A. 压敏性B. 光敏性C. 热敏性D. 霍尔效应评卷人得分二、填空题(共7题，共14分)9、（2015春•漳浦县期中）如图所示，电阻R ab=0.1Ω的导体ab沿光滑导线框向右做匀速运动线框中接有电阻R=0.4Ω，线框放在磁感应强度B=0.1T的匀强磁场中，磁场方向垂直于线框平面，导体的ab长度l=0.4m；运动速度v=10m/s．线框的电阻不计．（1）电路abcd中相当于电源的部分是，相当于电源的正极是端．（2）使导体ab向右匀速运动所需的外力F′= N，方向（3）电阻R上消耗的功率P= W．10、（2013秋•唐山期末）真空中有一个边长为L的正方形ABCD，顶点B、D各固定一个点电荷+Q，如图所示．则正方形的中心O点的电场强度为E0= ；若在A点再固定一个点电荷-q，可以使C点的电场强度为零，则其电荷量的大小q= ．11、（2013秋•肥西县校级月考）如图所示为某电场中的等势面，则U AC= ，U CB= ．12、时刻：指的是某一瞬时，在时间轴上用来表示、对应的是位置、速度等状态量．13、（2012秋•桥西区校级月考）如图所示；长为5m的细绳的两端分别系于竖立在地面上相距4m的两杆的顶端A；B，绳上挂一个光滑的轻质挂钩，其下连着一个重为12N的物体，平衡时，问：（1）绳中的张力T= N？．（2）A点向下移动少许，重新平衡后，绳与水平面夹角（变大，不变，变小）、绳中张力（变大，不变，变小）14、下列关于电磁波的说法中正确的是A．麦克斯韦电磁场理论预言了电磁波的存在B．电磁波从真空传入水中，波长将变长C．雷达可以利用自身发射电磁波的反射波来对目标进行定位D．医院中用于检查病情的“B超”利用了电磁波的反射原理．15、地球绕太阳公转轨道半径为r，公转周期为T，则太阳的质量M= ．评卷人得分三、判断题(共8题，共16分)16、用电器的额定功率与所加的电压无关．．（判断对错）17、布朗运动是微观粒子的运动，其运动规律不遵循牛顿第二定律．．（判断对错）18、向心力的方向始终指向圆心，所以向心力的方向始终不变．（判断对错）19、当温度升高时，物体内部所有分子的动能都增加．．（判断对错）20、串联电路中，电压分配与电阻成反比．．（判断对错）21、气体由状态1变到状态2时，一定满足方程=．．（判断对错）22、不论用什么方法，只要穿过闭合电路的磁通量发生变化，闭合电路中就有电流产生．（判断对错）23、分力的大小一定小于合力的大小．．评卷人得分四、实验探究题(共4题，共8分)24、在“验证力的平行四边形定则”实验中；需要将橡皮条的一端固定在水平木板上，另一端系上两根细绳，细绳的另一端都有绳套（如图）．①实验中需用两个弹簧秤分别勾住绳套，并互成角度地拉橡皮条．同学们在操作过程中有如下议论，其中对减小实验误差有益的说法是 ______ （填字母代号）A．两细绳必须等长B．弹簧秤；细绳、橡皮条都应与木板平行C．用两弹簧秤同时拉细绳时两弹簧秤示数之差应尽可能大D．拉橡皮条的细绳要长些；标记同一细绳方向的两点要远些②本实验采用的科学方法是 ______A．理想实验法 B．控制变量法 C．等效替代法 D．建立物理模型法．25、小黄同学想测出在环境温度（室温）下小灯泡（12V；0.11A）的灯丝电阻．（1）该同学根据自己设计的电路图完成了实物图连接；如图1所示，请你在图2的相应位置上帮助画出该同学的电路图．（2）该同学合上开关前，应将滑动变阻器的滑动触头移到 ______ 处．（填“a”或“b”）（3）该同学利用图1测出了小灯泡电压与标准电阻（R0=20Ω）电压；具体测量数据如表所示．为了得出环境温度下灯丝的电阻，此同学在坐标纸上作出灯丝电阻R与功率P关系，如图3示，图3中已作出部分点，请你在答题纸的相应位置上帮他描出余下点．序号测量数据计算所得数据标阻电压/mV 灯丝电阻/Ω灯丝电阻率/mW 灯丝电阻率/mW1 21.1 40.0 10.55 0.0422 31.8 60.0 10.60 0.0953 42.8 79.9 10.71 0.1714 54.4 100.1 10.87 0.2725 66.3 120.0 11.05 0.3986 79.1 140.4 11.27 0.5557 92.6 160.4 11.55 0.7438 107.3 180.5 11.89 0.96826、某同学用如图所示的装置，利用两个大小相同的小球做对心碰撞来验证动量守恒定律，图中AB是斜槽，BC是水平槽，它们连接平滑，O点为重锤线所指的位置.实验时先不放置被碰球2让球1从斜槽上的某一固定位置G由静止开始滚下，落到位于水平地面的记录纸上，留下痕迹，重复10次，然后将球2置于水平槽末端，让球1仍从位置G由静止滚下，和球2碰撞，碰后两球分别在记录纸上留下各自的痕迹，重复10次.实验得到小球的落点的平均位置分别为MNP．(1)在该实验中，应选用的器材是下列器材中的________．A.天平B.游标卡尺C.刻度尺D.大小相同的钢球两个E.大小相同的钢球和硬橡胶球各一个(2)在此实验中，球1的质量为m1球2的质量为m2需满足m1 ________m2(选填“大于”、“小于”或“等于”)．(3)被碰球2飞行的水平距离由图中线段________表示．(4)若实验结果满足m1⋅ON¯ ________m1⋅OM¯+m2⋅OP¯就可以验证碰撞过程中动量守恒.等式两边并不完全相等，则产生误差的原因可能是________(至少写出两点)27、如图1所示；一端带有定滑轮的长木板上固定有甲；乙两个光电门，与之相连的计时器可以显示带有遮光片的小车在其间的运动时间，与跨过定滑轮的轻质细绳相连的轻质测力计能显示挂钩处所受的拉力.不计空气阻力及一切摩擦．(1)在探究“合外力一定时；加速度与质量的关系”时，要使测力计的示数等于小车所受合外力，操作中必须满足______ ．实验时；先测出小车质量m再让小车从靠近光电门甲处由静止开始运动，读出小车在两光电门之间的运动时间t.改变小车质量m测得多组mt的值，建立坐标系描点作出图线.图2能直观得出“合外力一定时，加速度与质量成反比”的图线是 ______ ．(2)如图3抬高长木板的左端，使小车从靠近光电门乙处由静止开始运动，读出测力计的示数F和小车在两光电门之间的运动时间t改变木板倾角，测得多组数据，得到的F−1t2的图线如图4所示．实验中测得两光电门的距离L=0.80m砂和砂桶的总质量m1=0.34kg重力加速度g取9.8m/s2则图线的斜率为 ______(结果保留两位有效数字)若小车与长木板间的摩擦不能忽略，测得的图线斜率将 ______(填“变大”、“变小”或“不变”)．评卷人得分五、画图题(共2题，共14分)28、图所示为一列向左传播的简谐波在某一时刻的波形图，若波速是0.5m/s，试在图上画出经7s时的波形图。
河北省正定中学12—13上学期高三化学第一次月考考试试卷
高三第一次月考化学试题注意事项：1．Ⅰ卷答案用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡上，Ⅱ卷答案用黑色签字笔答在答题纸上。
2．可能用到的相对原子质量：H－1C－12N－14O－16Na－23Mg－24Al－27Si－28S－32Cl－35.5 K－39 Ca－40Fe－56Cu－64Ba－137I－127Ag－108Ⅰ卷(共50分)一、选择题(每小题只有一个选项符合题意，每题2分，共25小题)1．下列说法中正确的是( )①碱性氧化物都属于金属氧化物；②酸性氧化物都是非金属氧化物；③盐酸和氢硫酸均既有氧化性又有还原性；④化学反应的实质就是旧化学键断裂、新化学键形成的过程。
A．都正确B．①②④C．①③④D．①②2．铝分别与足量的稀盐酸和氢氧化钠溶液反应，当两个反应放出的气体在相同状况下体积相等时，反应中消耗的HCl和NaOH物质的量之比为( )A．1:1B．2:1C3:1D．1:33．下列实验能达到目的的是( )A．配制150mL0.10mol/L盐酸B．除去乙醇中的乙酸C．制备Fe(OH)2D．除去CO中的CO24．下列除去杂质的方法中正确的是( )A．除去N2中的少量O2：通过灼热的CuO粉末，收集气体B．除去CO2中的少量HCl：通入Na2CO3溶液，收集气体C．除去FeCl2溶液中的少量FeCl3：加入足量铁屑，充分反应后，过滤D．除去KCl溶液中的少量MgCl2：加入适量NaOH溶液，过滤5．设N A为阿伏加德罗常数，下列有关叙述正确的是( )A．1mol Cl2与足量金属铝反应，转移的电子数为3N AB．标准状况下，11.2L氦气中约含有N A个氦原子C．将N A个NH3分子溶于1L水中得到1mol·L－1的氨水D ．常温下32 g 含有少量臭氧的氧气中，共含有2N A 个氧原子6．取100 mL 0.3 mol /L 和300 mL 0.25 mol /L 的硫酸注入500 mL 容量瓶中，加水稀释至刻度线，该混合溶液中H ＋的物质的量浓度是( )A ．0.21 mol /LB ．0.42 mol /LC ．0.56 mol /LD ．0.26 mol /L7．在下列反应中，Na 2O 2只表现出强氧化性的是( )A ．2Na 2O 2＋2H 2O ＝4NaOH ＋O 2↑B ．Na 2O 2＋MnO 2＝Na 2MnO 4C ．5Na 2O 2＋2KMnO 4＋8H 2SO 4＝5Na 2SO 4＋K 2SO 4＋2MnSO 4＋5O 2↑＋8H 2OD ．2Na 2O 2＋2H 2SO 4＝2Na 2SO 4＋2H 2O ＋O 2↑8．有下列三个反应：①3Cl 2＋2FeI 2＝2FeCl 3＋2I 2②2Fe 2＋＋Br 2＝2Fe 3＋＋2Br－ ③Co 2O 3＋6HCl ＝2CoCl 2＋Cl 2↑＋3H 2O下列说法正确的是( )A ．①②③中的氧化产物分别是I 2、Fe 3＋、CoCl 2B ．根据以上方程式可以得到氧化性强弱顺序：Cl 2＞Fe 3＋＞Co 2O 3C ．可以推理得到Cl 2＋FeBr 2＝FeCl 2＋Br 2D ．在③反应中当1molCo 2O 3参加反应时，2molHCl 被氧化9．高铁酸钾(K 2FeO 4)是一种新型、高效、多功能水处理剂，其与水反应离子反应是：4FeO -24＋10H 2O ＝4Fe (OH )3(胶体)＋3O 2↑＋8OH －。
2024-2025学年华东师大版(上海)高三英语上册月考试卷68
2024-2025学年华东师大版(上海)高三英语上册月考试卷68考试试卷考试范围：全部知识点；考试时间：120分钟学校：______ 姓名：______ 班级：______ 考号：______总分栏一、选择题(共5题，共10分)1、【题文】Edward, you have grown up. You should learn to make your own room _____ .A. emptyB. noisyC. dirtyD. tidy2、-- _______ are you going to the School Uniform Exhibition, Amy ?-- To learn about different styles of school uniform.A. WhatB. WhereC. WhyD. Which3、“You can’t have this football back_____you promise not to kick it at my cat again.” the old man said firmly.A. becauseB. sinceC. whenD. until4、The other students scored 100 ________ in the intelligence test，while John got 160．（）A. on averageB. in totalC. in the middleD. on the whole5、-The twins were born in Japan and they love China．-_________．（）A. So was JaneB. It is the same with JaneC. So it is with JaneD. B and C二、听力-单选题(共9题，共18分)6、听1段材料，回答下列各题。
高三上学期化学第三次月考试卷第2套真题
高三上学期化学第三次月考试卷一、单选题1. 化学与生产生活密切相关，下列说法错误的是（）A . Na2O2可与CO2反应放出氧气，可用于制作呼吸面具B . SiO2具有导电性，可用于制作光导纤维和光电池C . 聚四氟乙烯耐酸碱腐蚀，可用作化工反应器的内壁涂层D . 氯水具有较强的氧化性，可用于漂白纸张．织物等2. 某温度下向含AgCl固体的AgCl饱和溶液中加少量稀盐酸，下列说法正确的是（）A . AgCl的溶解度、Ksp均减小B . AgCl的溶解度、Ksp均不变C . AgCl的溶解度减小、Ksp不变D . AgCl的溶解度不变、Ksp减小3. 下列分离方法正确的是（）A . 回收水溶液中的I2：加入乙酸，分液，蒸发B . 回收含有KCl的MnO2：加水溶解，过滤，干燥C . 除去氨气中的水蒸气：通过盛有P2O5的干燥管D . 除去乙醇中的水，加入无水氯化钙，蒸馏。
4. 下列叙述正确的是（）A . 某温度下，一元弱酸HA的Ka越小，则NaA的Kh越小B . 铁管镀锌层局部破损后，铁管仍不易生锈C . 反应活化能越高，该反应越易进行D . 不能用红外光谱区分C2H5OH和CH3OCH35. 由下列实验及现象推出的相应结论正确的是（）实验现象结论A．某溶液中滴加K3[Fe6]溶液产生蓝色沉淀原溶液中有Fe2+，无Fe3+B．向C6H5ONa溶液中通入CO2溶液变浑浊酸性：H2CO3>C6H5OHC．向含有ZnS和Na2S的悬浊液中滴加CuSO4溶液生成黑色沉淀KspY>Z>W>XC . X、Z、W形成的盐中只含有离子键D . 产生有刺激性气味气体的反应的离子方程式为H＋＋HSO3- =H2O＋SO2↑11. 有机物M、N、Q之间的转化关系为，下列说法正确的是（）A . M的同分异构体有3种B . N分子中所有原子共平面C . Q的名称为异丙烷D . M、N、Q均能与溴水反应12. 我国科学家在天然气脱硫研究方面取得了新进展，利用如图装置可发生反应：H2S＋O2=H2O2＋S，已知甲池中发生反应：。
2024-2025学年人教版(2024)高三物理上册月考试卷53
2024-2025学年人教版（2024）高三物理上册月考试卷53考试试卷考试范围：全部知识点；考试时间：120分钟学校：______ 姓名：______ 班级：______ 考号：______总分栏题号一二三四五六总分得分评卷人得分一、选择题(共8题，共16分)1、关于电场线的下列说法中正确的是（）A. 电场线上每点的切线方向都跟该点的场强方向一致B. 电场线就是电荷在电场中的轨迹线C. 电势降低的方向就是电场线的方向D. 点电荷电场在同一平面内的电场线是以点电荷为中心的一簇同心圆2、如图所示，一物块m从某曲面上的Q点自由下滑，通过一粗糙的静止传送带后，落到地面P点．若传送带的皮带轮沿逆时针方向转动起来，传送带也随之运动，再把该物体放在Q点自由下滑，则（）A. 它仍落在P点B. 它将落在P点左方C. 它将落在P点右方D. 无法确定落点3、如图所示，在光滑水平面上有一带电量为+q，质量为m的带电小球，置于场强为E、方向水平向右的匀强电场中的A处，沿水平方向距A为x0的B处固定一个挡板，释放小球后，小球与挡板发生无能量损失碰撞，若每次碰撞中小球都有一半的电量损失（设挡板B始终不带电），则第二次碰撞后，小球离开B板的最大距离是（）A.B. 2x0C. x0D. 4x04、关于路程和位移，下列说法中正确的是（）A. 直线运动中位移的大小一定等于路程B. 质点作方向不变的直线运动，位移就是路程C. 质点从某点出发后又回到该点，无论怎么走位移都是零D. 曲线运动中，位移的大小大于路程5、如图甲所示，质量为m的木块放在动摩擦因数为μ的水平面上静止不动．现对木块施加水平推力F的作用，F随时间t的变化规律如图乙所示，则图丙反映的可能是木块的哪两物理量之间的关系（）A. x轴表示力F，y轴表示加速度aB. x轴表示时间t，y轴表示加速度aC. x轴表示时间t，y轴表示速度vD. x轴表示时间t，y轴表示位移6、如图所示吊环动作，先双手撑住吊环[( <]设开始时两绳与肩同宽[) <]，然后身体下移，双臂缓慢张开到如图所示位置[. <]则在两手之间的距离增大过程中吊环两根绳的拉力为[FT( <]两个拉力大小相等[) <]及它们的合力[F <]大小变化情况为[( <][) <]A. [FT <]增大，[F <]不变B. [FT <]增大，[F <]增大C. [FT <]增大，[F <]减小D. [FT <]减小，[F <]不变7、2014年5月13日，加拿大研究人员报告说，他们发现一颗“古怪”的气态行星，它与母星的距离及其遥远．研究人员在美国《天体物理学杂志》上报告，这颗名为GuPscb的行星，位于距地球约155光年的双鱼座中，它围绕着一颗质量约为太阳质量3倍的恒星运行，两者之间的距离大约是地球与太阳距离的2000倍，创下了迄今所观测到的太阳系外行星与母星距离的最远记录，这颗行星绕恒星的周期大约是地球绕太阳周期的（）A. 50000倍B. 5000倍C. 500倍D. 50倍8、如图所示是甲、乙两运动物体的x-t 图线，由图线可以知道（）A. 甲和乙都做匀速运动B. 两物体的初速度都为零C. 在t1时间内两物体的平均速度相等D. 相遇时，两物体的速度相等评卷人得分二、双选题(共7题，共14分)9、【题文】水平桌面上有甲、乙、丙三个完全相同的容器，装有不同的液体，将三个长方体A、B、C分别放入容器的液体中，静止时的位置如图所示，三个容器的液面相平。
黑龙江省大兴安岭地区高三上学期化学第一次月考考试试卷
黑龙江省大兴安岭地区高三上学期化学第一次月考考试试卷姓名:________ 班级:________ 成绩:________一、选择题 (共17题；共35分)1. （2分）下列化合物中不属于有机物的是（）A . 碳化硅（SiC）B . 乙酸（CH3COOH）C . 乙烯（C2H4）D . 酒精2. （2分） (2018高二下·仙桃期末) 下列对物质的分类正确的是（）A . 属于酚B . 属于芳香烃C . 属于酮D . 属于卤代烃3. （2分）下列有关物质的名称、俗名、化学式中，三者皆指同一物质的是（）A . 氧化钙、消石灰、CaOB . 氢氧化钠、烧碱、NaOHC . 碳酸钙、熟石灰、CaCO3D . 碳酸钠、小苏打、Na2CO34. （2分）(2019·金山模拟) 工业上由乙苯生产苯乙烯的反应如下，有关说法正确的是（）A . 该反应的类型为取代反应B . 可用溴水鉴别乙苯和苯乙烯C . 乙苯的同分异构体共有三种D . 乙苯和苯乙烯均属于苯的同系物5. （2分）(2018·石嘴山模拟) 化合物(b) 、(d) 、CH≡C—CH=CH2(p)的分子式均为C4H4。
下列说法正确的是（）A . b的一氯代物只有两种B . d的同分异构体只有b、p两种C . b.d.p均可与溴水发生加成反应D . p的所有原子不可能处于同一平面6. （2分） (2019高一下·广州期末) 下列各物质中，不能发生水解反应的是（）A . 油脂B . 酶C . 纤维素D . 葡萄糖7. （2分）下列分子中的所有碳原子不可能处在同一平面上的是（）A .B .C .D . CH3C CCH2CH38. （2分） (2019高一上·长春月考) 下列叙述正确的是（）A . 摩尔是七个基本物理量之一B . 阿伏加德罗常数是没有单位的C . 1molH2O约含有6.02×1023 个水分子D . 氮气的摩尔质量是28g9. （2分） (2018高一上·吉林期中) 已知硫酸的密度大于纯水，若以w1和w2分别表示浓度为c1mol/L和c2mol/L硫酸的质量分数，已知2w1＝w2 ，则下列推断正确的是（）A . 2c1＝c2B . 2c2＝c1C . c2＞2c1D . c1＜c2＜2c110. （2分） (2017高一上·北京期中) 判断下列有关化学基本概念的依据正确的是（）A . 置换反应: 是否有单质参加B . 纯净物与混合物: 是否仅含有一种元素C . 溶液与胶体: 本质区别是分散质粒子的直径大小D . 电解质与非电解质: 物质本身是否具有导电性11. （2分） (2015高二下·大丰期中) CH2OH（CHOH）4CHO是葡萄糖的结构简式，它不可能发生的化学反应是（）A . 燃烧B . 银镜反应C . 水解反应D . 与新制备的Cu（OH）2反应12. （2分） (2016高二上·长沙期中) 常温下，下列各组离子在指定溶液中一定能大量共存的是（）A . 使甲基橙呈红色的溶液中：K+、AlO2﹣、NO3﹣、CO32﹣B . c（ClO﹣）=1.0 mol•L﹣1溶液：Na+、SO32﹣、S2﹣、Cl﹣C . 水电离出来的c（H+）=1×10﹣12的溶液：K+、NH4+、SO42﹣、Fe3+D . =0.1 mol•L﹣1的溶液：Na+、AlO2﹣、CO32﹣、NO3﹣13. （2分）(2016·奉贤模拟) 下列指定反应的离子方程式正确的是（）A . 氯气溶于水：Cl2+H2O=2H++Cl﹣+ClO﹣B . Na2CO3溶液中CO 的水解：CO +H2O=HCO +OH﹣C . 酸性溶液中KIO3与KI反应生成I2：IO3﹣+I﹣+6H+=I2+3H2OD . NaHCO3溶液中加足量Ba（OH）2溶液：HCO +Ba2++OH﹣=BaCO3↓+H2O14. （2分）下列叙述正确的是（）A . 向混有苯酚的苯中加入浓溴水，过滤，可除去其中的苯酚B . 向酸性KMnO4溶液中滴加维生素C溶液，酸性KMnO4溶液褪色，说明维生素C具有还原性C . 向淀粉溶液中加稀硫酸，加热，加新制Cu(OH)2悬浊液，加热未见红色沉淀，说明淀粉未水解D . 向NaOH溶液中加入溴乙烷，加热，再加入AgNO3溶液，产生沉淀，说明溴乙烷发生了水解15. （2分）下列各组物质互为同分异构体的是（）A . CO与CO2B . S2与S8C . H和 HD .16. （3分） (2017高一上·赣榆期中) 下列反应的离子方程式正确的是（）A . 镁片插入硝酸银溶液中：Mg+2Ag+═Mg2++2AgB . 常温下将氯气通入水中：Cl2+H2O⇌H++Cl﹣+HClOC . 氯气与碘化钾溶液反应：Cl2+I﹣═2Cl﹣+ID . 大理石加到盐酸中反应：CO32﹣+2H+═CO2↑+H2O17. （2分） (2019高三上·拜泉月考) 分子式为C6H10O4的二元羧酸共有(不考虑立体异构)（）A . 8种B . 9种C . 10种D . 11种二、非选择题 (共5题；共34分)18. （5分） (2019高一上·辽源期末) 某溶液中含有Ba2+、Cu2+、Ag+ ，现用NaOH溶液、盐酸和Na2SO4溶液将这三种离子逐一沉淀分离。
2024年人教五四新版高三生物上册月考试卷含答案
2024年人教五四新版高三生物上册月考试卷含答案考试试卷考试范围：全部知识点；考试时间：120分钟学校：______ 姓名：______ 班级：______ 考号：______总分栏题号一二三四五总分得分评卷人得分一、选择题(共7题，共14分)1、【题文】下图是同一种生物体内；有关细胞分裂的一组图像，下列与此有关的几种说法中，不正确的是（）A. 中心法则所表示的生命活动内容主要是在图⑤所示的时期进行的B. 可遗传的变异来源之一的基因重组的发生与图①有关而与图③无直接关系C. 在图②所示细胞分裂方式，在其间期发生的基因突变传递给下一代的可能性要比图③所示的大得多D. 在雄性动物体内，同时具备上述5个图所示细胞分裂时期的器官是睾丸而不是肝脏2、【题文】科学方法是生命科学学习与研究的精髓之一，下列有关叙述错误的是A. 林德曼用调查和系统分析的方法发现了生态系统能量流动的特点B. 美国科学家卡尔文等用同位素示踪法最终探明了光合作用中碳的转化途经C. 摩尔根及其同事运用类比推理法，合理地解释了果蝇红白眼性状的遗传现象，并用实验证明基因在染色体上D. 采用样方法和取样器取样法可分别调查植物的种群密度和土壤动物的丰富度3、某同学通过网络调查并摘抄的关于去甲肾上腺素的部分介绍如下：去甲肾上腺素（缩写NE或NA），学名1-（3，4-二羟苯基）-2-氨基乙醇（如图），是肾上腺素去掉N-甲基后形成的物质，在化学结构上属于儿苯酚胺．它主要是由脑内肾上腺素神经末梢合成、分泌释放的一种递质．它也是由肾上腺髓质合成和分泌的一种激素，能使血管收缩、血压升高，还能够抑制胰岛素分泌．请结合资料和自己所学知识，分析下列说法正确的是（）A. NE属于小分子物质，通过主动运输排除细胞，作用于靶细胞的受体B. NE在人体内的含量较少，其参与的调节过程作用时间都比较长C. 当人体处于寒冷环境时，血浆中NE和甲状腺激素浓度可能会升高D. 静脉注射NE后，胰高血糖素含量升高，促进肌糖原分解成葡萄糖4、如图表示某池塘中四大家鱼及其食物的分布，相关分析正确的是（）A. 四大家鱼在池塘中的分布现象是群落的水平结构。
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高三上学期月考考试试卷一、单项选择题1. 化学在资源利用、环境保护等与社会可持续发展密切相关的领域发挥着积极作用．下列做法与社会可持续发展理念相违背的是（）A . 改进汽车尾气净化技术，减少大气污染物的排放B . 开发利用可再生能源，减少化石燃料的使用C . 研发可降解高分子材料，减少“白色污染”D . 过度开采矿物资源，促进地方经济发展2. 关于胶体和溶液的叙述中正确的是（）A . 胶体与溶液的本质区别是能否发生丁达尔效应B . 胶体加入某些盐可产生沉淀，而溶液不能C . 胶体是一种介稳性的分散系，而溶液是一种非常稳定的分散系D . 胶体能够发生丁达尔现象，溶液也能发生丁达尔现象3. 下列实验能达到实验目的且符合安全要求的是（）A . 制备氢氧化亚铁B . 收集氧气C .制备并检验氢气的可燃性D . 浓硫酸稀释4. 设NA为阿伏伽德罗常数的值，下列说法正确的是（）A . 1.8 g 重水（D2O）中含有的中子数为NAB . 常温常压下，22.4 L O2 含有的分子数为NAC . 1 L 1 mol/L FeCl3溶液中含有Fe3+的数目为NAD . 0.1 mol CO2分子中含有的共用电子对的数目是0.4 NA5. 下列有关化学用语表示正确的是（）A . 乙酸的结构简式：C2H4O2B . F﹣的结构示意图：C . 中子数为20 的氯原子：2017ClD . NH3 的电子式：6. 下列指定反应的离子方程式正确的是（）A . 氯化铝溶液中加入过量的氨水：Al3++4 NH3•H2O=AlO2﹣+4 NH4+B . 稀硝酸中加入过量铁粉：Fe+4H++NO3﹣=Fe3++NO↑+2H2OC . 二氧化锰与浓盐酸混合加热：MnO2+4H++2Cl﹣Mn2++Cl2↑+2H2OD . 石灰水中加入过量小苏打溶液：HCO3﹣+Ca2++OH﹣=CaCO3↓+H2O7. 常温下，下列各组离子在指定溶液中一定能大量共存的是（）A . 1.0 mol•L﹣1KNO3溶液：H+、Fe2+、SCN﹣、SO42﹣B .的溶液：K+、Ba2+、NO3﹣、Cl﹣C . pH=0的溶液：Al3+、Cl﹣、SO42﹣、CO32﹣D . c（ClO﹣）=1.0 mol•L﹣1的溶液：Na+、I﹣、S2﹣、SO42﹣8. 短周期元素Q、W、X、Y、Z的原子序数依次增大，X元素的颜色反应呈黄色，Q原子的最外层电子数是其内层电子数的2倍，W、Z原子的最外层电子数相同，Z 元素的核电荷数是W的2倍，Y是地壳中含量最多的金属元素．下列说法不正确的是（）A . 工业上常用电解的方法制备X、Y的单质B . 元素Q和Z能形成QZ2型的共价化合物C . 原子半径的大小顺序：r（X）＞r（Y）＞r（W）＞r（Q）D . 元素X、Y 的最高价氧化物对应的水化物之间能发生反应9. v L Fe2（SO4）3溶液中含有a g SO42﹣，取此溶液0.5v L，用水稀释至2v L，则稀释后溶液中Fe3+的物质的量浓度为（）A . mol•L﹣1B . mol•L﹣1C .mol•L﹣1D . mol•L﹣110. 将标准状况下的a L氯化氢气体溶于100g水中，得到的盐酸的密度为b g•mL ﹣1，则该盐酸的物质的量浓度（mol•L﹣1）是（）A .B .C .D .二、不定项选择题11. 被称为万能还原剂的NaBH4溶于水并和水反应：NaBH4+2H2O═NaBO2+4H2↑，下列说法中正确的是（NaBH4中H为﹣1价）（）A . NaBH4既是氧化剂又是还原剂B . NaBH4是氧化剂，H2O是还原剂C . NaBH4中硼元素被氧化，氢元素被还原D . 被氧化的元素与被还原的元素质量之比为1：112. 下列实验操作与预期目的或所得结论一致的是（）选项实验操作实验目的或结论A用硫酸酸化的H2O2溶液滴入Fe（NO3）2溶液中，溶液变黄色氧化性：H2O2＞Fe3+B向盛有Fe（NO3）2溶液的试管中加入1mol/LH2SO4若试管口出现红棕色气体，说明NO3﹣被Fe2+还原为NOC淀粉碘化钾溶液久置显蓝色是由于I﹣被还原，析出的I2溶于溶液中D向含有少量的FeBr3的FeCl3溶液中，加入适量氯水，再加CCl4萃取分液除去FeCl3溶液中的FeBr3A . AB . BC . CD . D13. 氧化还原反应中，水的作用可以是氧化剂、还原剂、既是氧化剂又是还原剂、既非氧化剂又非还原剂等．下列反应与Br2+SO2+2H2O═H2SO4+2HBr相比较，水的作用不相同的是（）A . 2Na2O2+2H2O═4NaOH+O2↑B . 4Fe（OH）2+O2+2H2O═4Fe（OH）3C . 2F2+2H2O═4HF+O2D . 2Al+2NaOH+2H2O═2NaAlO2+3H2↑14. 下列与化学概念有关的说法正确的是（）A . 化合反应均为氧化还原反应B . 催化剂能改变可逆反应达到平衡的时间C . 金属氧化物均为碱性氧化物D . 石油是混合物，其分馏产品汽油为纯净物15. 下表中所示物质或概念间的从属关系符合如图的是XYZA钠元素主族元素短周期元素B电解质化合物纯净物C氢氧化铁胶体分散系D置换反应氧化还原反应放热反应A . AB . BC . CD . D三、非选择题16. 已知某饱和NaCl 溶液的体积为V mL．密度为ρ g/cm3，质量分数为w%．物质的量浓度为c mol/L，溶液中含NaCl的质量为m g．（1）用m、V表示溶液物质的量浓度________．（2）用w、ρ表示溶液物质的量浓度________．（3）用c、ρ表示溶液的质量分数________．（4）用w表示该温度下NaCl的溶解度________．17. Ⅰ、磷、硫元素的单质和化合物应用广泛．（1）磷元素的原子结构示意图是________．（2）磷酸钙与焦炭、石英砂混合，在电炉中加热到1500℃生成白磷，反应为：2Ca3（PO4）2+6SiO2═6CaSiO3+P4O10 10C+P4O10═P4+10CO每生成1mol P4时，就有________mol电子发生转移．（3）硫代硫酸钠（Na2S2O3）是常用的还原剂．在维生素C（化学式C6H8O6）的水溶液中加入过量I2溶液，使维生素C完全氧化，剩余的I2用Na2S2O3溶液滴定，可测定溶液中维生素C的含量．发生的反应为：C6H8O6+I2═C6H6O6+2H++2I﹣2S2O32﹣+I2═S4O62﹣+2I﹣在一定体积的某维生素C溶液中加入a mol•L﹣1I2溶液V1mL，充分反应后，用Na2S2O3溶液滴定剩余的I2，消耗b mol•L﹣1Na2S2O3溶液V2mL．该溶液中维生素C的物质的量是________mol．（4）在酸性溶液中，碘酸钾（KIO3）和亚硫酸钠可发生如下反应：2IO3﹣+5SO32﹣+2H+═I2+5SO42﹣+H2O生成的碘可以用淀粉溶液检验，根据反应溶液出现蓝色所需的时间来衡量该反应的速率．某同学设计实验如表所示：0.01mol•L﹣1KIO3酸性溶液（含淀粉）的体积/mL0.01mol•L﹣1Na2SO3溶液的体积/mLH2O的体积/mL实验温度/℃溶液出现蓝色时所需时间/s实验15V13525实验2554025实验355V2该实验的目的是________；表中V2=________mL（5）Ⅱ、稀土元素是宝贵的战略资源，我国的蕴藏量居世界首位．铈（Ce）是地壳中含量最高的稀土元素．在加热条件下CeCl3易发生水解，无水CeCl3可用加热CeCl3•6H2O和NH4Cl固体混合物的方法来制备．其中NH4Cl的作用是________．（6）在某强酸性混合稀土溶液中加入H2O2，调节pH≈3，Ce3+通过下列反应形成Ce（OH）4沉淀得以分离．完成反应的离子方程式：________Ce3++________H2O2+________H2O═________Ce（OH）4↓+________．18. 溴化钙在医药上用作中枢神经抑制药，实验室用“尿素法”制备溴化钙的主要流程如下：溴化钙的部分溶解度数值如下：温度0℃10℃20℃40℃60℃80℃100℃溶解度（g）125132143213278295312（1）6Ca（OH）2+6Br2 5CaBr2+6H2O+Ca（BrO3）2，每生成1mol Ca（BrO3）2转移电子的物质的量为________；50～70℃时，尿素[CO（NH2）2]将生成的Ca（BrO3）2还原为CaBr2，尿素被氧化为N2，该反应的化学方程式为________．（2）过滤所需的玻璃仪器有玻璃棒、________、________．（3）加入氢溴酸调pH的作用是________．（4）操作I包括________、________、过滤、冰水洗涤、干燥．（5）“二氧化硫法”制备的氢溴酸粗品中常含有少量的溴和硫酸；请选用所提供的试剂，试写出检验氢溴酸粗品中是否含有SO42﹣的实验方案：________．19. 化学是一门以实验为基础的自然科学，化学实验在化学学习中具有极其重要的作用．（1）下列关于实验的叙述正确的有________（填序号）．①在气体发生装置上直接点燃一氧化碳气体时，必需要先检验一氧化碳气体的纯度．最简单的方法是用排空气的方法先收集一试管气体，点燃气体，听爆鸣声．②配制稀硫酸时，可先在烧杯中加一定体积的水，再边搅拌边加入浓硫酸③实验结束后将所有的废液倒入下水道排出实验室，以免污染实验室（2）在容量瓶的使用方法中，下列操作不正确的是（填写编号）．A . 使用容量瓶前检查它是否漏水B . 容量瓶用蒸馏水洗净后，再用待配溶液润洗C . 配制溶液时，如果试样是液体，用量筒量取试样后直接倒入容量瓶中，缓慢加入蒸馏水到接近容量瓶刻度标线1cm～2cm处，用滴管滴加蒸馏水到刻度线D . 定容后，盖好瓶塞，用食指顶住瓶塞，用另一只手的手指托住瓶底，把容量瓶倒转和摇动多次（3）粗盐经提纯后得到NaCl溶液，再经蒸发、结晶、烘干得精盐．①蒸发操作中使用到的瓷质仪器的名称为________．②该同学将所得精盐配成溶液，用于另一实验．实验中需要用80mL，1mol/L的NaCl溶液，配制过程中用托盘天平称取的精盐质量为________g，用于定容的玻璃仪器的规格和名称________．（4）用6mol•L﹣1的硫酸配制100mL1.0mol•L﹣1硫酸，若实验仪器有：A．100mL量筒B．托盘天平C．玻璃棒D．50mL容量瓶E．20mL量筒F．胶头滴管G．50mL烧杯H．100mL容量瓶完成上述实验时应选用的仪器是（填入字母编号）________．20. 实验室中有6瓶失去标签的白色固体：纯碱、氢氧化镁、氯化钡、硫酸铝、硫酸氢钠、氯化钾．除蒸馏水、试管和胶头滴管外，无其他任何试剂和仪器．某学生通过以下实验步骤即可鉴别它们．请填写下列空白：（1）各取适量固体于6支试管中，分别加入适量蒸馏水，有一支试管中的现象和其他5支明显不同，此支试管中的现象是________，据此现象鉴别出的一种物质是________（2）分别将所剩5种溶液依次编号为A、B、C、D、E，然后进行两两混合．观察到C没有出现任何现象；D分别和A、B、E混合时均产生了白色沉淀；B和E混合时既有白色沉淀产生，又有无色气体放出．据此可推断出：①A、C、D三种物质的化学式依次是________②B、E两者中有一种可与A反应，它与足量A反应的离子方程式为：________③在两两混合时，能最终确定B、E成分的实验现象及结论是：________（3）上述物质溶于水抑制水的电离的物质的化学式为________．21. [物质结构与性质]已知：硫酸铜溶液中滴入氨基乙酸钠（H2N﹣CH2﹣COONa）即可得到配合物A．其结构如图1：（1）Cu元素基态原子的外围电子排布式为________．（2）元索C、N、O的第一电离能由大到小排列顺序为________．（3）配合物A中碳原子的轨道杂化类型为________．（4）1mol氨基乙酸钠（H2N﹣CH2﹣COONa）含有σ键的数目为________．（5）氨基乙酸钠分解产物之一为二氧化碳．写出二氧化碳的一种等电子体：________（写化学式）．（6）已知：硫酸铜灼烧可以生成一种红色晶体，其结构如图2，则该化合物的化学式是________．。