8B译林牛津版被动语态一(共20张PPT)

一、被动语态的概念：
语态是动词的一种形式，表示的是主语和谓语之 间的关系。英语当中有两种语态：主动语态和被 动语态。
Tom opened the door.
主语是谓语的执行者时，用主动语态。
The door was opened by Tom.
主语是谓语的承受者时，用被动语态。
二、被动语态结构
被动语态由助动词be加过去分词构成，时态通过be表现 出来：
6. Last year Beijing ____ by a big sandstorm.
A. is hit
B. were hit
C. will be hit
D. was hit
用适当的形式填空 1 English _i_s_s_p_o_k_e_n_ by many people. ( speak)
A. were taken
B. was taken
C. are taken
D. is taken
5. Millie is my best friend. I ___ often ____ to
her party.
A. is invited
B. am invited
C. are invited
D. was invited
am/is/are + being+ P.P.
[5]. The trees ____ by some workers at 8 yesterday afternoon.
A. were being watered B. are watered C. are watering
过去进行时的被动语态：
was/were + being+ P.P.
现在完成时
have/has been done
过去完成时
had been done
含有情态动词 情态动词 be done
1. Today English _______ all over China.
A. teach
B. teaches
C. is taught D. are taught
2. The meeting _______ two weeks ago.
be +done
[1]. Now English ____ by more and more people all over the word.
A. speaks B. is spoken C. was spoken
一般现在时的被动语态： am / is / are + done
[2]. The lost boy ____ at the street corner last night.
space so far.
9 The trains __a_r_e_p_r_o_d_u_c_e_d_____( produce) in Zhuzhou. 10 Young trees should __b_e__w_a_t_e_r_e_d___(water) often.
注意问题：
一、固定句式：
1. It is said that… 据说…… 2. It is reported / believed that…
A. was found B. is found C. was looked for
一般过去时的被动语态： was / were + done
[3]. More man-made satellites ____ in the future.
A. will send up B. will be sent up C. are sent up
4. We shouldn't throw rubbish into the river.
Rubbish shouldn't be thrown into the river by us.
5. Mr. Smith waters the flowers every day.
The flowers are watered by Mr. Smith every day.
被动语态：S（主语）+V(被动结构)+ by O（宾语）
1.They make shoes in that factory.
主语 + 谓语 + 宾语
Shoes are made (by them) in that factory.
转换步骤 1 先划主谓宾。 2 将原句的宾语变主语（如果是代词，宾格需变主格）。 3 谓语动词改成相应时态的被动语态。 4 将原句主语变宾语：by+sb.（如果是代词，主格需变宾格
据报道/据认为…
3. It is hoped that… 希望……
4. It is well known that…
二、非谓语动词被动形式：
to do: to be done doing: being done do: done
众所周知……
三、主动语态如何变成被动语态
主动语态：S（主语）+V（谓语）+O（宾语）
[6]. Three bridges ____ since last year.
A. have built B. were built C. have been built
现在完成时的被动语态： have / has + been + done
[7]. Flowers ____ every day. A. has been watered B. should be watered C. should water
6. He will clean his bedroom this afternoon.
His bedroom will be cleaned by him this afternoon.
Homework:
• 1. 认真巩固今天所学内容，尤其要熟记不 同时态的被动结构。
• 2. 熟背不规则动词表。
by sb.可省。 1.当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者; 2.或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时; 3.或者只需强调动作的承受者时；
将下列句子变为被动句。 1. They planted many trees last year.
Many trees were planted by them last year.
一般将来时的被动语态： will + be + done
be going to + be + done
[4]. The rooms ____ by some workers now.
A. are being painted B. are painted C. are painting
现在进行时的被动语态：
含有情态动词的被动语态： 情态动词 + be + done
时态
被Байду номын сангаас语态结构
一表般现格在：时被动态am基/is本/ar结e do构ne
一般过去时
was/were done
现在进行时 am/is/are being done
过去进行时 was/were being done
一般将来时 will/be going to be done
2. Our school will build a new library next term.
A new library will be built by our school next term.
3. My father has repaired my computer.
My computer has been repaired by my father.
A. hold
B. was held
C. were held D. is held
3. The thief ________ by the police last night.
A. caught
B. is caught
C. was caught D. were caught
4. The photos _______ when I was young.
2 He ___i_s often ___a_s_k_e_d_ to do the work by the teacher. (ask
3 The book _w__a_s_w_r_i_tt_e_n_ by him last year. ( write ) 4 The radio ___w_a_s__m_e_n__d_e_d_ last week. ( mend) 5 Some trees _h_a_v_e__b_e_e_n__p_la_n_t_e_don the hill already. (plant) 6 A new subway _w_i_ll_b_e__b_u_i_lt___ (build) next year. 7 She _h_a_s__b_e_e_n_t_a_k_e_n_ (take) to the hospital already. 8 Thousands of satellites _h_a_v_e__b_e_e_n_s_e_n_t_ (send) up into the