山大新闻英语二第一单元答案2015版

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00015英语二2015年10月真题+解析+作文

00015英语二2015年10月真题+解析+作文

2015年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语(二)试卷 (课程代码00015)第一部分:阅读判断傑1〜10题,每题1分,共10分)下面的短文后列出了 10个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断:如果该旬提 供的是正确信息,选择A ;如果该句提供的是错误信息,选择8;如果该旬的信息文中没有 提及,选择C 。

在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。

Black FridayEveryone likes to shop for gifts for the holiday season, but few people know the history of holiday shopping. While people have heard of Black Friday; most do not know its origins. Black Friday is the day after Thanksgiving (感恩节).0n this day most retail stores open their doors very early — some as early as 4 am. In addition, they provide their customers with great discounts on products. With this in mind, it is clear to see why so many shoppers buy many of their Christmas gifts on Black Friday.Black Friday is not as old as many people think. In fact it is believed that the first Black. Friday was held in the 1970s in the USA. It was a day when stores decided to mark the start of the holiday season. In order to draw more customers, they offered great discounts. All products sold very well. This large success resulted in the name Black Friday, it was so named because the stores were 〃in the black”. This financial term means the stores made a lot of money. However it was not until around 2002 that Black Friday really started to gain in popularity. Today in the USA. countless advertisers proudly announce their Black Friday sales. They hope to attract shoppers into their stores.Black Friday is a day when many shoppers in the USA go out and buy gifts, even though Christmas Eve is still a more popular day to shop. Thanks to the Internet, it is now possible to get some excellent Black Friday deals online. So if you don ,t want to get 丈。

2015年考研《英语二》完整真题及参考答案详解

2015年考研《英语二》完整真题及参考答案详解

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2015 年考研【英语二】
真题

答案详解
【2015 年 12 月 28 日达济工作室】

标准版2015考研英语II真题与答案综述

标准版2015考研英语II真题与答案综述

2015考研英语II真题与答案Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text。

Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and markA,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1(10 points)In our contemporary culture,the prospect of communicating with-or even looking at-a stranger is virtually unbearable Everyone around us seems to agree by the way they fiddle with their phones,even without a 1 undergroundIt's a sad reality-our desire to avoid interacting with other human beings-because there's 2 to be gained from talking to the strange r standing by you. But you wouldn't know it, 3 into your phone. This universal armor sends the 4 :"Please don't approach me."What is it that makes us feel we need to hide 5 our screens?One answer is fear, according to Jon Wortmann, executive mental coach We fear rejection,or that our innocent social advances will be 6 as"creep,"We fear we'II be 7 We fear we'II be disruptive Strangers are inherently 8 to us,so we are more likely to feel 9 when communicating with them compared with our friends and acquaintances To avoid this anxiety, we 10 to our phones."Phones become our security blanket,"Wortmann says."They are our happyglasses that protect us from what we perceive is going to be more 11 ."But once we rip off the bandaid,tuck our smartphones in our pockets and look up,it doesn't 12 so bad. In one 2011 experiment,behavioral scientists Nicholas Epley and Juliana Schroeder asked commuters to do the unthinkable: Start a 13 . They had Chicago train commuters talk to their fellow 14 . "When Dr.Epley and Ms. Schroeder asked other people in the same train station to 15 how they would feel after talking to a stranger, the commuters thought their 16 would be more pleasant if they sat on their own," the New York Times summarizes. Though the participants didn't expect a positive experience, after they 17 withthe experiment, "not a single person reported having been snubbed."18 , these commutes were reportedly more enjoyable compared with those sans communication, which makes absolute sense, 19 human beings thrive off of social connections. It's that 20 : Talking to strangers can make you feel connected.1. [A] ticket [B] permit [C]signall [D] record2. [A] nothing [B] link [C]another [D] much3. [A] beaten [B] guided [C]plugged [D] brought4. [A] message [B] cede [C]notice [D] sign5. [A] under [B] beyond [C] behind [D] from6. [A] misinterprete [B] misapplied [C] misadjusted [D] mismatched7. [A] fired [B] judged [C] replaced [D] delayed8. [A] unreasonable [B] ungreatful [C] unconventional [D] unfamiliar9. [A] comfortable [B] anxious [C] confident [D] angry10. [A] attend [B] point [C] take [D] turn11. [A] dangerous [B] mysterious [C] violent [D] boring12. [A] hurt [B] resis [C] bend [D] decay13. [A] lecture [B] conversation [C] debate [D] negotiation14. [A] trainees [B] employees [C] researchers [D] passengers15. [A] reveal [B] choose [C] predictl [D] design16. [A] voyage [B] flight [C] walk [D] ride17. [A] went through [B] did away [C] caught up [D] put up18. [A] In turn [B] In particular [C]In fact [D] In consequence19. [A] unless [B] since [C] if [D] whereas20. [A] funny [B] simple [C] Iogical [D] rare答案:1. signal2. Much3. plugged4. message5. behind6. misinterpreted7. judged8. unfamiliar9. anxious 10. turn11. dangerous 12. hurt 13. Conversation 14. passengers15. predict 16. ride 17. went through 18. in fact19. since 20. simpleSection Ⅱ Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Text 1A new study suggests that contrary to most surveys. People art actually more stressed at home than at work. Researchers measured people's cortntlol. Which is it at stress marker. While they were at work and while they were at home and found it higher at what is supposed to be a place of refuge."Further contradicting conventional wisdom, we found that women as well as men have lower levels of stress at work than at home," writes one of the researchers. Sarah Damaske, In fact women say they feel better at work. She notes. "it is men not women. Who report being bappicr at home than at work," Another surprise is that the findings hold true for both those with childrcn and without, but more so for nonparents. This is why pcoplc who work outside the home have better health.What the study doesn't measure is whether people are still doing work when they' re at home, whether it is household work or work brought home from the office. For many men, the end of the workday is a time to kick back. For women who stay home, they never get to leave the office. And for women who work outside the home, they often are playing catch-up-with-household tasks. With the blurring of roles, and the fact that the home front lags well behind the workplace in making adjustments for working women, it' s not surprising that women are more stressed at home.But it's not just a gender thing. At work, people pretty much know what they're supposed to be doing: working, making money, doing the tasks they have to do in order to draw an income. The bargain is very pure: Employee puts in hours of physical or mental labor and employee draws out life-sustaining moola.On the home front, however, people have no such clarity. Rare is the household in which the division of labor is so clinically and methodically laid out. There are a lot of tasks to be done, there are inadequate rewards for most of them. Your home colleagues-your family-have no clear rewards for their labor; they need to be talked into it, or if they' re teenagers, threatened with complete removal of all electronic devices. Plus, they' re your family. You cannot fire your family. You never really get to go home from home.So it's not surprising that people are more stressed at home. Not only are the tasks apparently infinite, the co-workers are much harder to motivate.21.According to Pa ragraph 1,most previous su rveys found that home___________[A]was an un realistic place for relaxation[B]generated more stress than the workplace[C]was an ideal place for stress measurement[D]offered greater relaxation than the workplace22.According to Damaske, who are likely to be the happiest at home?[A]Working mothers[B]Childless husbands[C] Childless wives[D]Working fathers23 The blurring of working women's roles refers to the factthay___________[A]they are both bread winners and housewives[B]their home is also a place for kicking back[C]there is often much housework left behind[D]it is difficult for them to leave their office24.The word"moola"(Line 4,Para 4)most probably means___________[A]energy[B]skills[C]earnings[D]nutrition25.The home front differs from the workplace in that_____________[A]home is hardly a cozier working environment[B]division of labor at home is seldom clear-cut[C]household tasks are generally more motivating[D]family labor is often adequately rewarded答案:21.D offered greater relaxation than the workplace22.B childless husbands23.A they are both bread winners and housewives24.C earnings25.B division of labor at home is seldom clear-cutText 2For years, studies have found that first-generation college students-those who do not have a parent with a college degree-lag other students on a range of education achievement factors. Their grades are lower and their dropout rates are higher. But since such students are most likely to advance economically if they succeed in higher education, colleges and universities have pushed for decades to recruit more of them. This has created "a paradox" in that recruiting first-generation students, but then watching many of them fail, means that higher education has "continued to reproduce and widen, rather than close" achievement gap based on social class, according to the depressing beginning of a paper forthcoming in the journal Psychological Sciense.But the article is actually quite optimistic, as it outlines a potential solution to this problem, suggesting that an approach(which involves a one-hour, next-to-no-cost program) can close 63 percent of the achievementgap(measured by such factors as grades)between first-generation and other students.The authors of the paper are from different universities, and their findins are based on a study involving 147 students(who completed the project)at an unnamed private unive rsity.First generation was defined as not having a parent with a fou r-year college degree Most of the first-generation students(59.1 percent) were recipients of Pell Grants,a federal g rant for undergraduates with financial need,while this was true only for 8.6 percent of the students wit at least one parent with a four-year degreeTheir thesis-that a relatively modest inte rvention could have a big impact-was based on the view that first-gene ration students may be most lacking not in potential but in practical knowledge about how to deal with the issues that face most college students They cite past resea rch by several authors to show that this is the gap that must be na rrowed to close the achievement gap.Many first-gene ration students"struggle to navigate the middle-class culture of higher education,learn the'rules of the game,'and takeadvantage of college resou rces," they write And this becomes more of a problem when collages don't talk about the class advantage and disadvantages of different groups of students Because US colleges anduniversities seldom acknowledge how social class can affect students' educational expe rience,many first-gene ration students lack sight about why they a re struggling and do not unde rstand how students' like them can improve26. Recruiting more first-generation students has[A]reduced their d ropout rates[B]narrowed the achievement gao[C] missed its original pu rpose[D]depressed college students27 The author of the research article are optimistic because[A]the problem is solvable[B]their approach is costless[q the recruiting rate has increased[D]their finding appeal to students28 The study suggests that most first-gene ration students[A]study at private universities[B]are from single-pa rent families[C]are in need of financial support[D]have failed their collage29. The author of the paper believe that first-generation students[A]a re actually indifferent to the achievement gap[B]can have a potential influence on othe r students[C] may lack opportunities to apply for resea rch projects[D]are inexperienced in handling their issues at college30.We mayinfer from the last paragraph that--[A]universities often r~ect the culture of the middle-class[B]students are usually to blame for their lack of resources[C]social class g reatly helps en rich educational experiences[D]colleges are partly responsible for the problem in question答案:26.C missed its original purpose27.A the problem is solvable28.C are in need of financial support29.D are inexperienced in handling issues at college30.D colleges are partly responsible for the problem in questionText3Even in traditional offices,"the lingua franca of corporate America has gottenmuch more emotional and much more right-brained than it was 20 years ago," said Ha rva rd Business School professor Nancy Koehn She sta rted spinning off examples."If you and I pa rachuted back to Fortune 500 companies in 1990,we would see much less frequent use of terms like Journey, mission,passion. There were goals,there were strategies,there were ives,but we didn't talk about energy;we didn't talk about passion."Koehn pointed out that this new era of corporate vocabula ry is very "team"-oriented-and not by coincidence."Let's not forget sDorts-in male-dominated corporate America,it's still a big deal. It's not explicitly conscious;it's the idea that I'm a coach,and you're my team,and we're in this togethec. There are lots and lots of CEOs in very different companies,but most think of themselves as coaches and this is their team and they want to win".These terms a re also intended to infuse work with meaning-and,as Khu rana points out,increase allegiance to the firm."You have the importation of terminology that historically used to be associated with non-profit organizations and religious organizations:Terms like vision,values,passion,and purpose,"saidKhuranaThis new focus on personal fulfillment can help keep employees motivated amid increasingly loud debates over work-life balance The "mommy wars" of the 1990s a re still going on today, prompting arguments about whywomen still can'thave it all and books like Sheryl Sandberg's Lean In,whose title has become abuzzword in its own right. Terms like unplug,offline,life-hack,bandwidth,andcapacity are all about setting boundariesbetween the office and the home But ifyour work is your "passion," you'II be more likely to devote yourself to it,even ifthat means going home for dinner and then working long after the kids are in bedBut this seems to be the irony of office speak:Everyone makes fun of it,butmanage rs love it,companies depend on it,and regular people willingly absorb itAs Nunberg said,"You can get people to think it's nonsense at the same timethat you buy into it." In a workplace that's fundamentally indiffe rent to your lifeand its meaning office speak can help you figu re out how you relate to yourwork-and how your work defines who you are31. According to Nancy Koehn, office language has become________[A]more e motional[B]more ive[C]less energetic[D]less energetic[E]less strategic32."team"-oriented corporate vocabulary is closely related to________[A]historical incidents[B]gender difference[C]sports culture[D]athletic executives33.Khurana believes that the importation of terminology aimsto________[A]revive historical terms[B]promote company image[C]foster corporate cooperation[D]strengthen employee loyalty34.It can be inferred that Lean In_________[A]voices for working women[B]appeals to passionate workaholics[C]triggers dcbates among mommies[D]praises motivated employees35.Which of the following statements is true about office speak?[A]Managers admire it but avoid it[B]Linguists believe it to be nonsense[C]Companies find it to be fundamental[D]Regular people mock it but accept it答案:31.A more emotional32.C sports culture33.D strengthen employee loyalty34.A voices for working women35.C companies find it to be fundamentalText 4Many people talked of the 288,000 new jobs the Labor Department reporled for Jure, along with the drop in the unemployment take to 6 J percent. at good news. And they were right. For now it appears the economy is creating jobs at a decent pace. We still have a long way to go to get back to full employment, but at least we are now finally moving forward at a faster pace.However there is another important part of the jobs picture that was targely ovedookcd. There was a big jump in the number of people who report voluntarily working part-time. This figure is now 830,000(4,4 percent)above its year ago level.Before explaining the connection to the Obamacare, it is worth making an important distinction. Many people who work part-time jobs actually want full-time jobs. They take part-time work because this is all they can get. An increase in involuntary part-time work is evidence of weakness in the labor market and it means that many people will be having a very hard time making ends meet.There was an increase in involuntary part-time in June, but the general direction has been down. Involuntary part-time employment is still far higher than before the recession, but it is down by 640,000(7.9 percent)from its year ago level.We know the difference between voluntary and involuntary part-time employment because people tell us. The survey used by the Labor Department asks people if they worked less than 35 hours in the referenceweek. If the answer is "yes."they are classified as working part-time. The survey then asks whether they worked less than 35 hours in that week because they wanted to work less than full time or because they had nochoice. They are only elassified as voluntary part-time workers if they tell the survey taker they chose to work less than 35 hours a week.The issue of voluntary part-time relates to Obamacare becanse one of the main purposes was to allow people to get insurance outside of employment. For many people, especially those with serious health conditions or family members with serious health conditions, before Obamacare the only way to get insurance was through a job that provided health insurance.However, Obamacare has allowed more than 12 million people to either get insurance through Medicaid or the exchanges. These are people who may previously have felt the need to get a full-time job that provided insurance in order to cover themselves and their families. With Obamacare there is no longer a link between employment and insurance.36. Which part of the jobs picture was neglected?A. The prospect of a thriving job market.B. The increase of voluntary part-time jobs.C. The possibility of full employment.D. The acceleration of job creation.37. Many people work part-time because theyA. prefer part-time jobs to full-time jobsB. feel that is enough to make ends meetC. cannot get their hands on full-time jobsD. haven' t seen the weakness of the market38. Involuntary part-time employment in the USA. is harder to acquire than one year agoB. shows a general tendency of declineC. satisfies the real need of the joblessD. is lower than before the recession39. It can be learned that with Obamacare, .A. it is no longer easy for part-timers to get insuranceB. employment is no longer a precondition to get insuranceC. it is still challenging to get insurance for family membersD. full-time employment is still essential for insurance40. The text mainly discusses.A. employment in the USB. part-timer classificationC. insurance through MedicaidD. Obamacare's trouble答案:36.B the increase of voluntary part-time jobs37.C cannot get their hands on full-time jobs38.B shows a general tendency of decline39.B employment is no longer a precondition to get insurance40.A employment in the USPart BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each numbered paragraph (41-45).There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use. Make your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A]You are not alone[B]Experience helps you grow[C]Pave your own unique path[D]Most of your fears are unreal[E]Think about the present moment[F]Don’t fear responsibility for your life[G]There are many things to be grateful forSome Old Truths to Help You Overcome Tough TimesUnfortunately, life is not a bed of roses. We are going through life facing sad experiences. Moreover, we are grieving various kinds of loss: a friendship, romantic relationship or a house .Hard times may hold you down at whatusually seems like the most inopportune time, but you should remember that they won’t last forever.When our time of mourning is over, we press forward, stronger with a greater understanding and respect for life. Furthermore, these losses make us mature and eventually move us toward future opportunities for growth and happiness. I want to share these o ld truths I’ve learned along the way.41.Fear is both useful and harmful. This normal human reaction is used to protect us by signaling danger and preparing us to deal with it. Unfortunately, people create inner barriers with a help of exaggerating fears. My favorite actor Will Smith once said, “Fear is not real. It is a pr oduct of thoughts you create. Do not misunderstand me. Danger is very real. But fear is a choice.” I do completely agree that fears are just the product of our luxuriant imagination.42.If you are surrounded by problems and cannot stop thinking about the past, try to focus on the present moment. Many of us are weighed down by the past or anxious about the future. You may feel guilt over your past, but you are poisoning the present with the things and circumstances you cannot change. Value the present moment and remember how fortunate you are to be alive. Enjoy the beauty of the world around and keep the eyes open to see the possibilities before you. Happiness is not a point of future and not a moment from the past, but a mindset that can be designed into the present.43.Sometimes it is easy to feel bad because you are going through tough times. You can be easily caught up by life problems that you forget to pause and appreciate the things you have. Only strong people prefer to smile and value their life instead of crying and complaining about something.44.No matter how isolated you might feel and how serious the situation is, you should always remember that you are not alone. Try to keep in mind that almost everyone respects and wants to help you if you are trying to make a good change in your life, especially your dearest and nearest people. You may have a circle of friends who provide constant good humor, help and companionship. If you have no friends or relatives, try to participate in several online communities, full of people who are always willing to share advice and encouragement.45.Today many people find it difficult to trust their own opinion and seek balance by gaining ivity from external sources. This way you devalue youropinion and show that you are incapable of managing your own life. When you are struggling to achieve something important you should believe in yourself and be sure that your decision is the best. You live in your skin, thinkyour own thoughts, have your own values and make your own choices.答案:41.D Most of your fears are unreal42.E Think about the resent moment43.G There are many things to be grateful for44.A you are not alone45.C Pave your own unique pathSection Ⅲ Translation46. Directions:Translate the following text from English into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)Think about driving a route that's very familiar. It could be your commute to work, a trip into town or the way home. Whichever it is, you know every twist and turn like the back of your hand. On these sorts of trips it's easy tolose concentration on the driving and pay little attention to the passing scenery. The consequence is that you perceive that the trip has taken less time than it actually has.This is the well-travelled road effect: people tend to underestimate the time it takes to travel a familiar route.The effect is caused by the way we allocate our attention. When we travel down a well-known route, because we don't have to concentrate much, time seems to flow more quickly. And afterwards, when we come to think back on it, we can't remember the journey well because we didn't pay much attention to it. So we assume it wasshorter.参考译文:想想看在一条非常熟悉的路上驾驶的感觉,这可能发生在上班,进城或回家的路上。

2015年考研英语二真题及答案

2015年考研英语二真题及答案

2015年考研英语二真题及答案Directions:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)In our contemporary culture, the prospect of communicating with -- or even looking at -- a stranger is virtually unbearable. Everyone around us seems to agree by the way they fiddle with their phones, even without a 1 underground.It's a sad reality -- our desire to avoid interacting with other human beings -- because there's 2 to be gained from talking to the stranger standing by you. But you wouldn't know it, 3 into your phone. This universal armor sends the 4 : "Please don't approach me."What is it that makes us feel we need to hide 5 our screens?One answer is fear, according to Jon Wortmann, executive mental coach. We fear rejection, or that our innocent social advances will be 6 as "creepy,". We fear we'll be 7 . We fear we'll be disruptive. Strangers are inherently 8 to us, so we are more likely to feel 9 when communicating with them compared with our friends and acquaintances. To avoid this anxiety, we 10 to our phones. "Phones become our security blanket," Wortmann says. "They are our happy glasses that protect us from what we perceive is going to be more 11 .”But once we rip off the bandaid, tuck our smartphones in our pockets and look up, it doesn't 12 so bad. In one 2011 experiment, behavioral scientists Nicholas Epley and Juliana Schroeder asked commuters to do the unthinkable: Start a 13 . They had Chicago train commuters talk to their fellow 14 . "When Dr. Epley and Ms. Schroeder asked other people in the same train station to 15 how they would feel after talking to a stranger, the commuters thought their 16 would be more pleasant if they sat on their own," the New York Times summarizes. Though the participants didn't expect a positive experience, after they 17 with the experiment, "not a single person reported having been snubbed."18 , these commutes were reportedly more enjoyable compared with those sans communication, which makes absolute sense, 19 human beings thrive off of social connections. It's that 20 : Talking to strangers can make you feel connected.1. [A] ticket [B] permit [C] signal [D] record2. [A] nothing [B] link [C] another [D] much3. [A] beaten [B] guided [C] plugged [D] brought4. [A] message [B] cede [C] notice [D] sign5. [A] under [B] beyond [C] behind [D] from6. [A] misinterpret [B] misapplied [C] misadjusted [D] mismatched7. [A] fired [B] judged [C] replaced [D] delayed8. [A] unreasonable [B] ungrateful [C] unconventional [D] unfamiliar9. [A] comfortable [B] anxious [C] confident [D] angry10. [A] attend [B] point [C] take [D] turn11. [A] dangerous [B] mysterious [C] violent [D] boring12. [A] hurt [B] resist [C] bend [D] decay13. [A] lecture [B] conversation [C] debate [D] negotiation14. [A] trainees [B] employees [C] researchers [D] passengers15. [A] reveal [B] choose [C] predict [D] design16. [A] voyage [B] flight [C] walk [D] ride17. [A] went through [B] did away [C] caught up [D] put up18. [A] In turn [B] In particular [C] In fact [D] In consequence19. [A] unless [B] since [C] if [D] whereas20. [A] funny [B] simple [C] logical [D] rareSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers onANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1A new study suggests that contrary to most surveys, people are actually more stressed at home than at work. Researchers measured people’s cortisol, which is a stress marker, while they were at work and while they were at home and found it higher at what is supposed to be a place of refuge.“Further contradicting conventional wisdom, we found that women as well as men have lower levels of stress at work than at home, ”writes one of the researchers, Sarah Damske. In fact women even say they feel better at work, she notes.“It is men, not women, who report being happier at home than at work. ”Another surprise is that findings hold true for both those with children and without, but more so for nonparents. This is why people who work outside the home have better health.What the study doesn’t measure is whether people are still doing work when they’re at home, whether it is household work or work brought home from the office. For many men, the end of the workday is a time to kick back. For women who stay home, they never get to leave the office. And for women who work outside the home, they often are playing catch-up-with-household tasks. With the blurring of roles, and the fact that the home front lags well behind the workplace a making adjustments for working women, it’s not surprising that women are more stressed at home.But it’s not just a gender thing. At work, people pretty much know what they’re supposed to be doing: working, marking money, doing the tasks they have to do in order to draw an income. The bargain is very pure: Employee puts in hours of physical or mental labor and employee draws out life-sustaining moola.On the home front, however, people have no such clarity. Rare is the household in which the division of labor is so clinically and methodically laid out. There are a lot of tasks to be done, there are inadequate rewards for most of them. Your home colleagues-your family-have no clear rewards for their labor; they need to be talked into it, or if they’re teenagers, threatened with complete removal of all electronic devices. Plus, they’re your family. You cannot fire your family. You never really get to go home from home.So it’s not surprising that people are more stressed at home. Not only are the tasks apparently infinite, the co-workers are much harder to motivate.21.According to Paragraph 1,most previous surveys found that home_____[A] offered greater relaxation than the workplace[B] was an ideal place for stress measurement[C] generated more stress than the workplace[D] was an unrealistic place for relaxation22. According to Damaske, who are likely to be the happiest at home?[A] Childless wives[B] Working mothers[C] Childless husbands[D] Working fathers23.The blurring of working women's roles refers to the fact that_____[A] it is difficult for them to leave their office[B] their home is also a place for kicking back[C] there is often much housework left behind[D] they are both bread winners and housewives24.The word“moola”(Line4,Para4)most probably means_____[A] skills[B] energy[C] earnings[D] nutrition25.The home front differs from the workplace in that_____[A] division of labor at home is seldom clear-cut[B] home is hardly a cozier working environment[C] household tasks are generally more motivating[D] family labor is often adequately rewardedText 2For years, studies have found that first-generation college students- those who do not have a parent with a college degree- lag other students on a range of education achievement factors. Their grades are lower and their dropout rates are higher. But since such students are most likely to advance economically if they succeed in higher education, colleges and universities have pushed for decades to recruit more of them. This has created “a paradox”in that recruiting first- generation students, but then watching many of them fail, means that higher education has “continued to reproduce and widen, rather than close”ab achievement gap based on social class, according to the depressing beginning of a paper forthcoming in the journal Psychological Science.But the article is actually quite optimistic, as it outlines a potential solution to this problem, suggesting that an approach (which involves a one-hour, next-to-no-cost program) can close 63 percent of the achievement gap (measured by such factors as grades) between first-generation and other students.The authors of the paper are from different universities, and their findings are based on a study involving 147 students ( who completed the project) at an unnamed private university. First generation was defined as not having a parent with a four-year college degree. Most of the first-generation students(59.1 percent) were recipients of Pell Grants, a federal grant for undergraduates with financial need, while this was true only for 8.6 percent of the students wit at least one parent with a four-year degree.Their thesis- that a relatively modest intervention could have a big impact- was based on the view that first-generation students may be most lacking not in potential but in practical knowledge about how to deal with the issues that face most college students. They cite past research by several authors to show that this is the gap that must be narrowed to close the achievement gap.Many first- generation students “struggle to navigate the middle-class culture of higher education, learn the ‘rules of the game,’and take advantage of college resources,”they write. And this becomes more of a problem when collages don’t talk about the class advantage and disadvantages of different groups of students. Because US colleges and universities seldom acknowledge how social class can affect students ’educational experience, many first-generation students lack sight about why they are struggling and do not understand how students’like them can improve.26. Recruiting more first- generation students has_______[A] reduced their dropout rates[B] narrowed the achievement gap[C] missed its original purpose[D] depressed college students27. The author of the research article are optimistic because_______[A] the problem is solvable[B] their approach is costless[C] the recruiting rate has increased[D] their finding appeal to students28. The study suggests that most first- generation students______[A] study at private universities[B] are from single-parent families[C] are in need of financial support[D] have failed their collage29. The author of the paper believe that first-generation students_______[A] are actually indifferent to the achievement gap[B] can have a potential influence on other students[C] may lack opportunities to apply for research projects[D] are inexperienced in handling their issues at college30. We may infer from the last paragraph that_______[A] universities often reject the culture of the middle-class[B] students are usually to blame for their lack of resources[C] social class greatly helps enrich educational experiences[D]colleges are partly responsible for the problem in questionText 3Even in traditional offices, “the lingua franca of corporate America has gotten much more emotional and much more right-brained than it was 20 years ago,”said Harvard Business School professor Nancy Koehn. She started spinning off examples. “If you and I parachuted back to Fortune 500 companies in 1990, we would see much less frequent use of terms like journey, mission, passion. There were goals, there were strategies, there were objectives, but we didn’t talk about energy; we didn’t talk about passion.”Koehn pointed out that this new era of corporate vocabulary is very “team”-oriented—and not by coincidence. “Let’s not forget sports—in male-dominated corporate America, it’s still a big deal. It’s not explicitly conscious; it’s the idea that I’m a coach, and you’re my team, and we’re in this together. There are lots and lots of CEOs in very different companies, but most think of themselves as coaches and this is their team and they want to win.”These terms are also intended to infuse work with meaning—and, as Khurana points out, increase allegiance to the firm. “You have the importation of terminology that historically used to be associated with non-profit organizations and religious organizations: Terms like vision, values, passion, and purpose,”said Khurana.This new focus on personal fulfillment can help keep employees motivated amid increasingly loud debates over work-life balance. The “mommy wars”of the 1990s are still going on today, prompting arguments about why women still can’t have it all and books like Sheryl Sandberg’s Lean In, whose title has become a buzzword in its own right. Terms like unplug, offline, life-hack, bandwidth, and capacity are all about setting boundaries between the office and the home. But if your work is your “passion,”you’ll be more likely to devote yourself to it, even if that means going home for dinner and then working long after the kids are in bed.But this seems to be the irony of office speak: Everyone makes fun of it, but managers love it, companies depend on it, and regular people willingly absorb it. As Nunberg said, “You can get people to think it’s nonsense at the same time that you buy into it.”In a workplace that’s fundamentally indifferent to your life and its meaning, office speak can help you figure out how you relate to your work—and how your work defines who you are.31. According to Nancy Koehn, office language has become_____[A] more emotional[B] more objective[C] less energetic[D] less strategic32. “Team”-oriented corporate vocabulary is closely related to_______[A] historical incidents[B] gender difference[C] sports culture[D] athletic executives33.Khurana believes that the importation of terminology aims to______[A] revive historical terms[B] promote company image[C] foster corporate cooperation[D] strengthen employee loyalty34.It can be inferred that Lean In________[A] voices for working women[B] appeals to passionate workaholics[C] triggers debates among mommies[D] praises motivated employees35.Which of the following statements is true about office speak?[A] Managers admire it but avoid it[B] Linguists believe it to be nonsense[C] Companies find it to be fundamental[D] Regular people mock it but accept itText 4Many people talked of the 288,000 new jobs the Labor Department reported for June, along with the drop in the unemployment rate to 6.1 percent, as good news. And they were right. For now it appears the economy is creating jobs at a decent pace. We still have a long way to go to get back to full employment, but at least we are now finally moving forward at a faster pace.However, there is another important part of the jobs picture that was largely overlooked. There was a big jump in the number of people who repot voluntarily working part-time. This figure is now 830,000(4.4 percent)above its year ago level.Before explaining the connection to the Obamacare, it is worth making an important distinction. Many people who work part-time jobs actually want full-time jobs. They take part-time work because this is all they can get. An increase in involuntary part-time work is evidence of weakness in the labor market and it means that many people will be having a very hard time making ends meet.There was an increase in involuntary part-time in June, but the general direction has been down. Involuntary part-time employment is still far higher than before the recession, but it is down by 640,000(7.9percent)from is year ago level.We know the difference between voluntary and involuntary part-time employment because people tell us. The survey used by the Labor Department asks people is they worked less than 35 hours in the reference week. If the answer is “yes”, they are classified as worked less than 35hours in that week because they wanted to work less than full time or because they had no choice .They are only classified as voluntary part-time workers if they tell the survey taker they chose to work less than 35 hours a week.The issue of voluntary part-time relates to Obamacare because one of the main purposes was to allow people to get insurance outside of employment. For many people , especially those with serious health conditions or family members with serious health conditions ,before Obamacare the only way to get insurance was through a job that provided health insurance.However, Obamacare has allowed more than 12 million people to either get insurance through Medicaid or the exchanges. These are people who may previously have felt the need to get a full-time job that provided insurance in order to cover themselves and their families. With Obamacare there is no longer a link between employment and insurance.36. Which part of the jobs picture are neglected?[A] The prospect of a thriving job market.[B] The increase of voluntary part-time market.[C] The possibility of full employment.[D] The acceleration of job creation.37. Many people work part-time because they_____.[A] prefer part-time jobs to full-time jobs.[B] feel that is enough to make ends meet.[C] cannot get their hands on full-time jobs.[D] haven’t seen the weakness of the market.38. Involuntary part-time employment is the US_____.[A] is harder to acquire than one year ago.[B] shows a general tendency of decline.[C] satisfies the real need of the jobless.[D] is lower than before the recession.39. It can be learned that with Obamacare,_____.[A] it is no longer easy for part-timers to get insurance[B] employment is no longer a precondition to get insurance[C] it is still challenging to get insurance for family members[D] full-time employment is still essential for insurance40. The text mainly discusses_______.[A] employment in the US[B] part-timer classification[C] insurance though Medicaid[D] Obamacare’s troublePart BDirections:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list [A]-[G] to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A] You are not alone[B] Don’t fear responsibility for your life[C] Pave your own unique path[D] Most of your fears are unreal[E] Think about the present moment[F] Experience helps you grow[G] There are many things to be grateful forUnfortunately, life is not a bed of roses. We are going through life facing sad experiences. Moreover, we are grieving various kinds of loss: a friendship, a romantic relationship or a house. Hard times may hold you down at what usually seems like the most inopportune time, but you should remember that they won’t last forever.When our time of mourning is over, we press forward, stronger with a greater understanding and respect for life. Furthermore, these losses make us mature and eventually move us toward future opportunities for growth and happiness.I want to share these ten old truths I’ve learned along the way.41._____________________________Fear is both useful and harmful. This normal human reaction is used to protect us by signaling danger and preparing us to deal with it. Unfortunately, people create inner barriers with a help of exaggerating fears. My favorite actor Will Smith once said, “Fear is not real. It is a product of thoughts you create. Do not misunderstand me. Danger is very real. But fear is a choice.”I do completely agree that fears are just the product of our luxuriant imagination.42_____________________________If you are surrounded by problems and cannot stop thinking about the past, try to focus on the present moment. Many of us are weighed down by the past or anxious about the future. You may feel guilt over your past, but you are poisoning the present with the things and circumstances you cannot change. Value the present moment and remember how fortunate you are to be alive. Enjoy the beauty of the world around and keep the eyes open to see the possibilities before you. Happiness is not a point of future and not a moment from the past, but a mindset that can be designed into the present.43______________________________Sometimes it is easy to feel bad because you are going through tough times. You can be easily caught up by life problems that you forget to pause and appreciate the things you have. Only strong people prefer to smile and value their life instead of crying and complaining about something.44________________________________No matter how isolated you might feel and how serious the situation is, you should always remember that you are not alone. Try to keep in mind that almost everyone respects and wants to help you if you are trying to make a good change in your life, especially your dearest and nearest people. You may have a circle of friends who provide constant good humor, help and companionship. If you have no friends or relatives, try to participate in several online communities, full of people who are always willing to share advice and encouragement.45________________________________Today many people find it difficult to trust their own opinion and seek balance by gaining objectivity from external sources. This way you devalue your opinion and show that you are incapable of managing your own life. When you are struggling to achieve something important you should believe in yourself and be sure that your decision is the best. You live in your skin, think your own thoughts, have your own values and make your own choices.Section III TranslationDirections:Translate the following text from English into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)Think about driving a route that’s very familiar. It could be your commute to work, a trip into town or the way home. Whichever it is, you know every twist and turn like the back of your hand. On these sorts of trips it’s easy to zone out from the actual driving and pay little attention to the passing scenery. The consequence is that you perceive that the trip has taken less time than it actually has.This is the well-travelled road effect: people tend to underestimate the time it takes to travel a familiar route.The effect is caused by the way we allocate our attention. When we travel down a well-known route, because we don’t have to concentrate much, time seems to flow more quickly. And afterwards, when we come to think back on it, we can’t remember the journey well because we didn’t pay much attention to it. So we assume it was shorter.Section IV WritingPart A47. Directions:Suppose your university is going to host a summer camp for high school students. Write a notice to1) briefly introduce the camp activities, and2) call for volunteers.You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your name or the name of your university.Do not write your address. (10 points)Part B48. Directions:Write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should1) interpret the chart, and2) give your comments.You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)1、【答案】[C] signal【解析】此题所在的上下文内容的意思是:陌生人之间没有交流,大家都只关注自己的手机,甚至不_______。

【Selected】2015考研英语二真题及答案.doc

【Selected】2015考研英语二真题及答案.doc

考研英语二真题2015年Directions:ReadthefollowingteGt.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblanAand marAA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Inourcontemporaryculture,theprospectofcommunicatingwith—orevenlo oAingat—astrangerisvirtuallyunbearable.Everyonearoundusseemstoagr eebythewaytheyfiddlewiththeirphones,evenwithouta1onasubway.It’sasadreality—ourdesiretoavoidinteractingwithotherhumanbeings—b ecausethere’s2tobegainedfromtal Aingtothestrangerstandingbyyou.But youwouldn’t Anowit,3intoyourphone.Thisuniversalprotection sendsthe4:“Pleasedon’tappro achme.”WhatisitthatmaAesusfeelweneedtohide5ourscreens?Oneanswerisfear,accordingtoJonWortmann,eGecutivementalcoach.Wefe arrejection,orthatourinnocentsocialadvanceswillbe6as“weird.”Wefearwe’llbe7.W efearwe’llbedisruptive.Strangersareinherently8tous,sowearemoreliAelytofeel9whencommunicatingwiththemcomparedwitho urfriendsandacquaintances.Toavoidthisuneasiness,we10toourphones.“PhonesbecomeoursecurityblanA et,”Wortmannsays.“Theyareourhappygl assesthatprotectusfromwhatweperceiveisgoi ngtobemore11.”Butonceweripoffthebandaid,tucAoursmartphonesinourpocAetsandlooAup,itdoesn’t12sobad.Inone20GGeGperiment,behavioralscientistsNicholasEpleyandJulianaSchroederasAedcommuters todotheunthinAable:Starta13.TheyhadChicagotraincommuterstalAtothei rfel low14.“WhenDr.EpleyandMs.Schroederas Aedotherpeopleinthesame trainstationto15howtheywouldfeelaftertalAingtoastranger,thecommuter sthoughttheir16wouldbemorepleasantiftheysatontheirown,”TheNewYo rA Timessummarizes.Thoughtheparticipantsdidn’te GpectapositiveeGpe rience,afterthey17withtheeG periment,“notasinglepersonreportedhavin gbeenembarrassed.”18,thesecommuteswerereportedlymoreenjoyablecomparedwiththosewit houtcommunication,whichmaAesabsolutesense,19humanbeingsthriveof fofsocialconnections.It’sthat20:Tal AingtostrangerscanmaAeyoufeelcon nected.1.A.ticAetB.permitC.signalD.record2.A.nothingB.littleC.anotherD.much3.A.beatenB.guidedC.pluggedD.brought4.A.messageB.codeC.noticeD.sign5.A.underB.beyondC.behindD.from6.A.misinterpretedB.misappliedC.misadjustedD.mismatched7.A.firedB.judgedC.replacedD.delayed8.A.unreasonableB.ungratefulC.unconventionalD.unfamiliarfortableB.anGiousC.confidentD.angry10.A.attendB.pointC.taAeD.turn11.A.dangerousB.mysteriousC.violentD.boring12.A.hurtB.resistC.bendD.decay13.A.lectureB.conversationC.debateD.negotiation14.A.traineesB.employeesC.researchersD.passengers15.A.revealB.chooseC.predictD.design16.A.voyageB.flightC.walAD.ride17.A.wentthroughB.didawayC.caughtupD.putup18.A.InturnB.InparticularC.InfactD.Inconsequence19.A.unlessB.sinceC.ifD.whereas20.A.funnyB.simpleC.logicalD.rareSectionⅡReadingComprehensionPartADirections:ReadthefollowingfourteGts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachteGtbychosin gA,B,CorD.MarAyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points) TeGt1Anewstudysuggeststhatcontrarytomostsurveys,peopleareactuallymorest ressedathomethanatworA.Researchersmeasuredpeople’scortisol,whichisastressmarAer,whiletheywereatworAandwhiletheywereathomeandfoun dithigheratwhatissupposedtobeaplaceofrefuge.“Furthercontradictingconventionalwisdom,wefoundthatwomenaswellas menhavelowerlevelsofstressatworA thanathome,”writesoneoftheresearc hers,SarahDamasAe.InfactwomensaytheyfeelbetteratworA.Shenotes.“Iti smen,notwomen,whoreportbeinghappierathomethanatworA.”Anothers urpriseisthatthefindingsholdtrueforboththosewithchildrenandwithout,b utmoresofornonparents.ThisiswhypeoplewhoworAoutsidethehomehave betterhealth.Whatthestudydoesn’tmeasureiswhetherpeoplearestilldoingwor Awhent hey’reathome,whetheritishouseholdwor AorworAbroughthomefromthe office.Formanymen,theendoftheworAdayisatimetoAicAbacA.Forwomen whostayhome,theynevergettoleavetheoffice.AndforwomenwhoworAout sidethehome,theyoftenareplayingcatch-up-with-householdtasAs.Withth eblurringofroles,andthefactthatthehomefrontlagswellbehindtheworApla ceinmaAingadjustmentsforworA ingwomen,it’snotsurprisingthatwome naremorestressedathome.Butit’snotjustagenderthing.Atwor A,peopleprettymuchAnowwhatthey ’resupposedtobedoing:wor Aing,maAingmoney,doingthetasAstheyhave todoinordertodrawanincome.Thebargainisverypure.Employeeputsinhour sofphysicalormentallaborandemployeedrawsoutlife-sustainingmoola.Onthehomefront,however,peoplehavenosuchclarity.Rareisthehouseholdi nwhichthedivisionoflaborissoclinicallyandmethodicallylaidout.Thereareal otoftasAstobedone,thereareinadequaterewardsformostofthem.Yourhom ecolleagues—yourfamily—havenoclearrewardsfortheirlabor;theyneedto betalA edintoit,orifthey’reteena gers,threatenedwithcompleteremovalof allelectronicdevices.Plus,they’reyourfamily.Youcannotfireyourfamily.Yo uneverreallygettogohomefromhome.Soit’snotsurprisingthatpeoplearemorestressedathome.Notonlyaretheta sAsapparentlyinfinite,theco-worAersaremuchhardertomotivate.21.AccordingtoParagraph1,mostprevioussurveysfoundthathome____.A.wasanunrealisticplaceforrelaGationB.generatedmorestressthanthewor AplaceC.wasanidealplaceforstressmeasurementD.offeredgreaterrelaGationthan theworAplace22.AccordingtoDamasAe,whoareliAelytobethehappiestathome?A.WorAingmothers.B.Childlesshusbands.C.Childlesswives.D.WorAingfathers.23.TheblurringofworAing women’srolesreferstothefactthat____.A.theyarebothbreadwinnersandhousewivesB.theirhomeisalsoaplaceforAicAingbacAC.thereisoftenmuchhouseworAleftbehindD.itisdifficultforthemtoleavetheiroffice24.Theword“moola”(Line4,Para4)mostprobablymeans____.A.energyB.sAillsC.earningsD.nutrition25.ThehomefrontdiffersfromtheworAplaceinthat____.A.homeishardlyacozierworAingenvironmentB.divisionoflaborathomeisseldomclear-cutC.householdtasAsaregenerallymoremotivatingD.familylaborisoftenadequatelyrewardedTeGt2Foryears,studieshavefoundthatfirst-generationcollegestudents—thosew hodonothaveaparentwithacollegedegree—lagotherstudentsonarangeof educationachievementfactors.Theirgradesarelowerandtheirdropoutrates arehigher.ButsincesuchstudentsaremostliAelytoadvanceeconomicallyifth eysucceedinhighereducation,collegesanduniversitieshavepushedfordeca destorecruitmoreofthem.Thishascreated“aparado G”inthatrecruitingfir st-generationstudents,butthenwatchingmanyofthemfail,meansthathighe reducationhas“continuedtoreproduceandwiden,ratherthanclose”anac hievementgapbasedonsocialclass,accordingtothedepressingbeginningof apaperforthcominginthejournalPsychologicalScience.Butthearticleisactuallyquiteoptimistic,asitoutlinesapotentialsolutiontothisproblem,suggestingthatanapproach(whichinvolvesaone-hour,neGt-to-n o-costprogram)canclose63percentoftheachievementgap(measuredbysu chfactorsasgrades)betweenfirst-generationandotherstudents.Theauthorsofthepaperarefromdifferentuniversities,andtheirfindingsareb asedonastudyinvolving147students(whocompletedtheproject)atanunna medprivateuniversity.Firstgenerationwasdefinedasnothavingaparentwith afour-yearcollegedegree.Mostofthefirst-generationstudents(59.1percent )wererecipientsofPellGrants,afederalgrantforundergraduateswithfinancia lneed,whilethiswastrueonlyfor8.6percentofthestudentswithatleastonepar entwithafour-yeardegree.Theirthesis—thatarelativelymodestinterventioncouldhaveabigimpact—wasbasedontheviewthatfirst-generationstudentsmaybemostlacAingnoti npotentialbutinpracticalAnowledgeabouthowtodealwiththeissuesthatfac emostcollegestudents.Theycitepastresearchbyseveralauthorstoshowthat thisisthegapthatmustbenarrowedtoclosetheachievementgap.Manyfirst-generationstudents“struggletonavigatethemiddle-classcultur eofhighereducation,learnthe‘rulesofthegame,’andta A eadvantageofcollegeresources,”the ywrite.Andthisbecomesmoreofaproblemwhencollegesdon’ttal Aaboutt heclassadvantageanddisadvantagesofdifferent groupsofstudents.“Becau seUScollegesanduniversitiesseldomacAnowledgehowsocialclasscanaffectstudents’educationale Gperience,manyfirst-generationstudentslacAinsi ghtaboutwhytheyarestrugglinganddonotunderstandhowstudents‘li Aet hem’canimprove.”26.Recruitingmorefirst-generationstudentshas____.A.reducedtheirdropoutratesB.narrowedtheachievementgapC.misseditsoriginalpurposeD.depressedcollegestudents27.Theauthorsoftheresearcharticleareoptimisticbecause____.A.theproblemissolvableB.theirapproachiscostlessC.therecruitingratehasincreasedD.theirfindingappealtostudents28.Thestudysuggeststhatmostfirst-generationstudents____.A.studyatprivateuniversitiesB.arefromsingle-parentfamiliesC.areinneedoffinancialsupportD.havefailedtheircollege29.Theauthorsofthepaperbelievethatfirst-generationstudents____.A.areactuallyindifferenttotheachievementgapB.canhaveapotentialinfluenceonotherstudentsC.maylacAopportunitiestoapplyforresearchprojectsD.areineGperiencedinhandlingtheirissuesatcollege30.Wemayinferfromthelastparagraphthat____.A.universitiesoftenrejectthecultureofthemiddle-classB.studentsareusuallytoblamefortheirlacAofresourcesC.socialclassgreatlyhelpsenricheducationaleGperiencesD.collegesarepartlyresponsiblefortheprobleminquestionTeGt3Evenintraditionaloffices,“thelinguafrancaofcorporateAmericahasgotten muchmoreemotionalandmuchmoreright-brainedthanitwas20yearsago,”saidHarvardBusinessSchoolprofessorNancyAoehn.Shestartedspinningoff eG amples.“IfyouandIparachutedbac AtoFortune500companiesin1990,w ewouldseemuchlessfrequentuseoftermsliAejourney,mission,passion.Ther eweregoals,therewerestrategies,therewereobjectives,butwedidn’ttal Aaboutenergy; wedidn’ttal A aboutpassion.”A oehnpointedoutthatthisneweraofcorporatevocabularyisvery“team”-oriented—an dnotbycoincidence.“Let’snotforgetsports—inmale-domi natedcorporateAmerica,it’sstillabigdeal.It’snote G plicitlyconscious;it’stheideathatI’macoach,andyou’remyteam,andwe’reinthistogether.T herearelotsandlotsofCEOsinverydifferentcompanies,butmostthinAofthe mselves ascoachesandthisistheirteamandtheywanttowin”.ThesetermsarealsointendedtoinfuseworAwithmeaning—and,asAhurana pointsout,increaseallegiancetothefirm.“Youhavetheimportationofterminologythat historicallyusedtobeassociatedwithnon-profitorganizationsandreligiouso rganizations:TermsliAevision,values,passion,a ndpurpose,”said Ahurana.ThisnewfocusonpersonalfulfillmentcanhelpAeepemployeesmotivatedam idincreasinglylouddebatesoverworA-lifebalanceThe“mommywars”ofthe1990sarestillgoingontoday,promptingargumentsaboutwhywomenstillc an’thaveitallandboo AsliAeSherylSandberg’sLeanIn,whosetitlehasbecomeabuzzwordinitsownright.TermsliAeunplug,offline,lif e-hacA,bandwidth,andcapacityareallaboutsettingboundariesbetweentheofficea ndthehome.ButifyourworA isyour“passion,”you’llbemoreli Aelytodevo teyourselftoit,evenifthatmeansgoinghomefordinnerandthenworAinglon gaftertheAidsareinbed.ButthisseemstobetheironyofofficespeaA:EveryonemaAesfunofit,butman agersloveit,companiesdependonit,andregularpeoplewillinglyabsorbit.As Nunbergsaid,“Youcangetpeopletothin A it’snonsenseatthesametimetha tyoubuyintoi t.”Inawor A placethat’sfundamentallyindifferenttoyourlifea nditsmeaning,officespeaAcanhelpyoufigureouthowyourelatetoyourwor A—andhowyourworAdefineswhoyouare.31.AccordingtoNancyAoehn,officelanguagehasbecome____.A.moreemotionalB.moreobjectiveC.lessstrategicD.lessenergetic32.“team”-orientedcorporatevocabularyiscloselyrelatedto____.A.historicalincidentsB.genderdifferenceC.sportscultureD.athleticeGecutiv es33.Ahuranabelievesthattheimportationofterminologyaimsto____.A.revivehistoricaltermsB.promotecompanyimageC.fostercorporatecooperationD.strengthenemployeeloyalty34.ItcanbeinferredthatLeanIn____.A.voicesforworAingwomenB.appealstopassionateworAaholicsC.triggersdebatesamongmommiesD.praisesmotivatedemployees35.WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutofficespeaA?A.Managersadmireitbutavoidit.B.Linguistsbelieveittobenonsense.paniesfindittobefundamental.D.RegularpeoplemocAitbutacceptit.TeGt4ManypeopletalAedofthe288,000newjobstheLaborDepartmentreportedf orJure,alongwiththedropintheunemploymentrateto6.1percent,asgoodne ws.Andtheywereright.Fornowitappearstheeconomyiscreatingjobsatadec entpace.WestillhavealongwaytogotogetbacAtofullemployment,butatleas twearenowfinallymovingforwardatafasterpace.However,thereisanotherimportantpartofthejobspicturethatwaslargelyov erlooAed.Therewasabigjumpinthenumberofpeoplewhoreportvoluntarily worAingpart-time.Thisfigureisnow830,000(4.4percent)aboveitsyearagole vel.BeforeeGplainingtheconnectiontotheObamacare,itisworthmaAinganimp ortantdistinction.ManypeoplewhoworApart-timejobsactuallywantfull-ti mejobs.TheytaAepart-timeworAbecausethisisalltheycanget.Anincreaseininvoluntarypart-timeworAisevidenceofweaAnessinthelabormarAetandit meansthatmanypeoplewillbehavingaveryhardtimemaAingendsmeet.Therewasanincreaseininvoluntarypart-timeinJune,butthegeneraldirectio nhasbeendown.Involuntarypart-timeemploymentisstillfarhigherthanbef oretherecession,butitisdownby640,000(7.9percent)fromitsyearagolevel.WeAnowthedifferencebetweenvoluntaryandinvoluntarypart-timeemploy mentbecausepeopletellus.ThesurveyusedbytheLaborDepartmentasAspe opleiftheyworAedlessthan35hoursinthereferenceweeA.Iftheansweris“ye s,”theyareclassifiedaswor Aingpart-time.ThesurveythenasAswhetherthey worAedlessthan35hoursinthatweeAbecausetheywantedtoworAlessthanf ulltimeorbecausetheyhadnochoice.Theyareonlyclassifiedasvoluntarypart -timeworAersiftheytellthesurveytaAertheychosetoworAlessthan35hours aweeA.Theissueofvoluntarypart-timerelatestoObamacarebecauseoneofthemain purposeswastoallowpeopletogetinsuranceoutsideofemployment.Forma nypeople,especiallythosewithserioushealthconditionsorfamilymembers withserioushealthconditions,beforeObamacaretheonlywaytogetinsuranc ewasthroughajobthatprovidedhealthinsurance.However,Obamacarehasallowedmorethan12millionpeopletoeithergetins urancethroughMedicaidortheeGchanges.Thesearepeoplewhomaypreviouslyhavefelttheneedtogetafull-timejobthatprovidedinsuranceinordertoc overthemselvesandtheirfamilies.WithObamacarethereisnolongeralinAbe tweenemploymentandinsurance.36.Whichpartofthejobspicturewasneglected?A.TheprospectofathrivingjobmarAet.B.Theincreaseofvoluntarypart-timej obs.C.Thepossibilityoffullemployment.D.Theaccelerationofjobcreation.37.ManypeopleworApart-timebecausethey____.A.preferpart-timejobstofull-timejobsB.feelthatisenoughtomaAeendsmee tC.cannotgettheirhandsonfull-timejobsD.haven’tseenthewea Anessofthe marAet38.Involuntarypart-timeemploymentintheUS____.A.ishardertoacquirethanoneyearagoB.showsageneraltendencyofdeclineC.satisfiestherealneedofthejoblessD.islowerthanbeforetherecession39.ItcanbelearnedthatwithObamacare,____.A.itisnolongereasyforpart-timerstogetinsuranceB.employmentisnolongerapreconditiontogetinsuranceC.itisstillchallengingtogetinsuranceforfamilymembersD.full-timeemploymentisstillessentialforinsurance40.TheteGtmainlydiscusses____.A.employmentintheUSB.part-timerclassificationC.insurancethroughMedicaidD.Obamacare’stroublePartBDirections:ReadthefollowingteGtandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitabl esubheadingfromthelistA—Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41—45).There aretwoeGtrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarAyouranswerson theANSWERSHEET.(10points)A.YouarenotaloneB.Don’tfearyourresponsibilityforyourlifeC.paveyourownuniquepathD.MostofyourfearsareunrealE.ThinAaboutthepresentmomentF.EGperiencehelpsyougrowG.TherearemanythingstobegratefulforSomeOldTruthstoHelpYouOvercomeT oughTimesUnfortunately,lifeisnotabedofroses.WearegoingthroughlifefacingsadeGp eriences.Moreover,wearegrievingvariousAindsofloss:afriendship,aromant icrelationshiporahouse.Hardtimesmayholdyoudownatwhatusuallyseemsl iA ethemostinopportunetime,butyoushouldrememberthattheywon’tlas tforever.Whenourtimeofmourningisover,wepressforward,strongerwithagreaterun derstandingandrespectforlife.Furthermore,theselossesmaAeusmaturean deventuallymoveustowardfutureopportunitiesforgrowthandhappiness.I wanttosharetheseoldtruthsI’velearnedalongtheway.41.____________________________________Fearisbothusefulandharmful.Thisnormalhumanreactionisusedtoprotectu sbysignalingdangerandpreparingustodealwithit.Unfortunately,peoplecre ateinnerbarrierswithahelpofeGaggeratingfears.MyfavoriteactorWillSmith oncesaid,“Fearisnotreal.Itisaproductofthoughtsyoucreate.Donotmisund erstandme.Dangerisveryreal.Butfearisachoice.”Idocompletelyag reethatf earsarejusttheproductofourluGuriantimagination.42.____________________________________IfyouaresurroundedbyproblemsandcannotstopthinAingaboutthepast,try tofocusonthepresentmoment.Manyofusareweigheddownbythepastoran Giousaboutthefuture.Youmayfeelguiltoveryourpast,butyouarepoisoningt hepresentwiththethingsandcircumstancesyoucannotchange.Valuethepre sentmomentandrememberhowfortunateyouaretobealive.Enjoythebeaut yoftheworldaroundandAeeptheeyesopentoseethepossibilitiesbeforeyou. Happinessisnotapointoffutureandnotamomentfromthepast,butamindset thatcanbedesignedintothepresent.43.____________________________________Sometimesitiseasytofeelbadbecauseyouaregoingthroughtoughtimes.Yo ucanbeeasilycaughtupbylifeproblemsthatyouforgettopauseandappreciat ethethingsyouhave.Onlystrongpeopleprefertosmileandvaluetheirlifeinst eadofcryingandcomplainingaboutsomething.44.____________________________________Nomatterhowisolatedyoumightfeelandhowseriousthesituationis,yousho uldalwaysrememberthatyouarenotalone.TrytoAeepinmindthatalmosteve ryonerespectsandwantstohelpyouifyouaretryingtomaAeagoodchangein yourlife,especiallyyourdearestandnearestpeople.Youmayhaveacircleoffri endswhoprovideconstantgoodhumor,helpandcompanionship.Ifyouhave nofriendsorrelatives,trytoparticipateinseveralonlinecommunities,fullofpe oplewhoarealwayswillingtoshareadviceandencouragement.45.____________________________________TodaymanypeoplefinditdifficulttotrusttheirownopinionandseeAbalanceb ygainingobjectivityfromeGternalsources.Thiswayyoudevalueyouropinion andshowthatyouareincapableofmanagingyourownlife.Whenyouarestrug glingtoachievesomethingimportantyoushouldbelieveinyourselfandbesur ethatyourdecisionisthebest.YouliveinyoursAin,thinAyourownthoughts,ha veyourownvaluesandmaAeyourownchoices.SectionIIITranslation46.Directions:TranslatethefollowingteGtintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWE RSHEET.(15points)ThinA aboutdrivingaroutethat’sveryfamiliar.Itcouldbeyourcommutetow orA,atripintotownorthewayhome.Whicheveritis,youAnoweverytwistandt urnliAethebacAof yourhand.Onthesesortsoftripsit’seasytoloseconcentra tiononthedrivingandpaylittleattentiontothepassingscenery.Theconseque nceisthatyouperceivethatthetriphastaAenlesstimethanitactuallyhas.Thisisthewell-travelledroadeffect:Peopletendtounderestimatethetimeitta Aestotravelafamiliarroute.Theeffectiscausedbythewayweallocateourattention.Whenwetraveldowna well-A nownroute,becausewedon’thavetoconcentratemuch,timeseemst oflowmorequicAly.Andafterwards,whenwecometothinAbacAonit,wecan ’trememberthejourneywellbecausewedidn’tpaymuchattentiontoit.So weassumeitwasshorter.SectionIVWritingPartA47.Directions:Supposeyouruniversityisgoingtohostasummercampforhighschoolstuden ts.Writeanoticeto1)brieflyintroducethecampactivities,and2)callforvolunteers.Youshouldwriteabout100wordsontheANSWERSHEET. Donotuseyournameorthenameofyouruniversity. Donotwriteyouraddress.(10points)PartB48.Directions: Writeanessaybasedonthefollowingchart.Inyourwriting,yourshould1)interpretthechart,and2)giveyourcomment.Youshouldwriteabout150wordsontheANSWERSHEET.2015年考研英语(二)真题答案SectionIUseofEnglish1.signal2.much3.plugged4.message5.behind6.misinterpreted7.judged8.unfamiliar9.anGious10.turn11.dangerous12.hurt13.conversation14.passengers15.predict 16.ride17.wentthrough18.Infact19.since20.simpleSectionⅡReadingComprehensionTeGt121.DofferedgreaterrelaGationthantheworAplace22.Bchildlesshusbands23.Atheyarebothbreadwinnersandhousewives24.Cearnings25.Bdivisionoflaborathomeisseldomclear-cutTeGt226.Cmisseditsoriginalpurpose27.Atheproblemissolvable28.Careinneedoffinancialsupport29.DareineGperiencedinhandlingissuesatcollege30.Dcollegesarepartlyresponsiblefortheprobleminquestion TeGt331.Amoreemotional32.Csportsculture33.Dstrengthenemployeeloyalty34.AvoicesforworAingwomenompaniesfindittobefundamentalTeGt436.Btheincreaseofvoluntarypart-timejobsannotgettheirhandsonfull-timejobs38.Bshowsageneraltendencyofdecline39.Bemploymentisnolongerapreconditiontogetinsurance40.AemploymentintheUSPartB41.DMostofyourfearsareunreal42.EThinAaboutthepresentmoment43.GTherearemanythingstobegratefulfor44.Ayouarenotalone45.CPaveyourownuniquepathSectionIIITranslation在一条非常熟悉的路上驾驶的感觉,这可能发生在上班,进城或回家的路上。

山大网络英语二答案

山大网络英语二答案

英语二模拟题 1I. Vocabulary and Structure1. True love cannot be C and it is priceless.C. bought2. Finally the crowd broke (up) D several groups. D. into3. Being afraid of the dark, she always slept A the light on.A. with4. John is not C whether Eddie likes the picture of him and his family. C. sure5. When he got C the train, he didn’t know where he was.C. off6. She went into the street and A a taxi home. A. took7. Why should we find some C to the problems brought by TV?C. solution8. This region B at an average of 4,000 meters above sea level. B. lies9. I was C to find his article on such an C topic so _C_ . C. surprised, exciting, boring10. He B his book on the desk last night. B. laid11. Although they are brothers, they are entirely B_each other . B. different from12. Hardly C _the classroom when the class began.C. had he entered13. Come here and give me a D _. D. hand14. This post card is sent by _B _. B. a friend of my father's15. It’s foolish to A your time. A. waste16. With a school record like a young woman, C why didn’t you try for a university scholarship?C. I’m puzzled17. Many companies are going A because of high interest rates. A. bankrupt18. It is only a D of time before the rebels surrender. D. matter19. An important quality of a mystery shopper is that he should be good A observation. A. at20. B we’d arrived there we had a wonderful time. B. once21. For him, it would be a D to be able to have a day off work. D. luxury22. C…a mystery shopper will typically work several stores…, taking mental notes while inside, ….C. things fixed in the mind23. A If a secret shopper will be sent in, …, the candidate must have a particular profile that meets a high-end, luxury car-type buyer profile. A. different from others24. Jack and Smith D the work equally between them. D. share25. The train arrived one hour behind C . C. schedule26. How we A a chance to visit your country! A. longed for27. That was _D minority nationalities were treated in old China. D. the way28. It is necessary that he A for Beijing right now. A. leave29. What chance does a C man who never finished high school have? C. forty-year-old30. Marriage C on true love often brings happiness. C. basedII. ClozeATelevision 31 its first serious appearance in 1939, but it did not become common until the early 1950’s. Since then, innumerable children 32 in front of the set. However, many people now worry about the effect of TV on the young. They wonder there had never been 33 invention. Why are they so afraid? Is television really harmful?Like almost anything else, television has its good as well as its bad sides. It has 34 joy and interest into the lives of the old, the sick, and the lonely. Without it, some of these people would have little pleasure and no window 35 the world.Unfortunately, some television programs have been extremely harmful to the young. Children do not have enough 36 . They do not realize that TV programs often show an unreal world. Commercials lie in order to sell products that are sometimes bad or useless. Children believe them and want to 37 what they see on TV. They believe that they will make more friends if they use a certain soap—or some other product. They believe that the murders on TV 38 are normal and acceptable. By the time they are out of high school, most young people have watched about 15,000 hours of television, and have seen about 18,000 violent 39 . If they see violent deaths every day, how can they be shocked by murder in real life?Television has certainly changed our lives and our society. 40 its good points, it has brought many problems. We must find a solution to these problems because—whether we like it or not—television is here to stay. D31. A. brought B. took C. did D. madeC 32. A. grew up B. are growing up C. have grown up D. grow upC33. A. such B. so an C. such an D. soD 34. A. got B. tookC. carried D. broughtB35. A. of B. on C. to D. forB36. A. experiences B. experience C. experiencingD. an experienceC37. A. integrate B. make C. imitate D. initiateA 38. A. screens B. faces C. surfacesD. appearances B39. A. dead B. deaths C. deads D. death D40. A. Come with B. With along C. Upon with D. Along withBCars are an important part of life in the United States.41 most people feel that they are poor. And even if aperson is poor he doesn’t feel really poor 42 he has a car.There are three main reasons the car became so popular in the United States. 43 of all the country is a huge one and Americans like to move around in it. The car provides the most comfortable and 44 form of transportation. With a car people can go any place without spending a lot of money.The second reason cars are popular is the fact 45 the United States never developed an efficient and inexpensive form of public 46 . Long-distance trains have never been as common in the United States as they are in other parts of the world. Nowadays there is a good system of air-service 47 by planes. But it is too expensive to be used frequently.The third reason is the most important one, though. The American spirit of independence is 48 really made cars popular. Americans don’t like to wait for a bus, or a trainor even a plane. They don’t like to have to 49 an exact schedule. A car gives them the freedom to schedule their own time. And this is the freedom that Americans want 50 to have.A41. A. Without a car B. Not with a car C. Without no car D. With not a carB42. A. although B. when C. whether D. butA43. A. First B. Firstly D. The firstC 44. A. cheap B. most cheap C. cheapest D. cheaperB45. A. which B. that C. where D. whatD46. A. movement B. carriage C. shipping D. transportationC 47. A. providing B. to provide C. provided D. providesB48. A. that B. what C. how D. whichA49. A. follow B. further C. chase D. runB50. A. best B. most C. worst D. leastIII. Reading Comprehension.Passage 1In the old days, divers used to go down into the sea looking for ships that had sunk,He hopes to bring up those propellers and sell them. He also hopes to sell other parts of the ship, when he has brought them to the surface, for about $ 600,000.T51. Divers try to bring up metals because some kinds of them are worth a lot of money.TT52. Now divers still search for valuable things and try to bring to the earth surface the ships themselves.TF 53. John Light hopes he may be able to sell the whole ship of “Lusitania” for more than $1.5 million.FF 54. The s hip “Lus itania” sa nk off the s outhw ester n c oast of Ire land w ith a lot of pe ople drow ne d. FF 55. In the past, divers hoped to bring up everything of a sunken ship except metals. FPassage 2More and more people today are realizing the importance of regular physical exercise.will it benefit people’s health, work and study.T56. Nowadays, more people realize the importance of physical exercise.F 57. It is unnecessary to take some exercise every day.T58. People who enjoy competitive sports may take up basketball or football.F 59. Physical exercise can do more harm than good to people because they will feel tired after it.T60.People can always find one or more sports that benefit their health, work and study.IV. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.61. He answered me, but he spoke neither slowly nor clearly。

2015年[全套]考研英语二真题和答案解析详解

2015年[全套]考研英语二真题和答案解析详解

2014年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语(二)试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Thinner isn't always better。

A number of studies have __1___ that normal—weight people are in fact at higher risk of some diseases compared to those who are overweight. And there are health conditions for which being overweight is actually ___2___。

For example, heavier women are less likely to develop calcium deficiency than thin women。

___3___ among the elderly, being somewhat overweight is often an ___4___ of good health。

Of even greater ___5___ is the fact that obesity turns out to be very difficult to define。

It is often defined ___6___ body mass index, or BMI。

BMI ___7__ body mass divided by the square of height. An adult with a BMI of 18 to 25 is often considered to be normal weight。

2015年英语二真题答案

2015年英语二真题答案

2015年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(二)真题答案完形填空A.signalD.muchB.pluggedD.messageC.behindD.misinterpretedC.judgedD.unfamiliarA.anxiousD.turnA.dangerousA hurtB.conversationA.passengersC.predictB.rideA.went throughB.in factB.sinceC.simple2015年考研英语二阅读答案Text1答案21A offered greater relaxation than the workplace22C childless husbands23D they are both bread winners and housewives.24C earnings25A division of labor at home is seldom clear-cutText2答案26C missed its original purpose27A the problem is solvable28C are in need of financial support29D are experienced in handling their issues at college30D colleges are partly responsible for the problem in questionText3答案31A more emotional32C sports culture33D strengthen employee loyalty34A voices for working women35D regular people mock it but accept itText4答案36B The increase of voluntary part-time jobs.37C cannot get their hands on full-time jobs38B shows a general tendency of decline.39B employment is no longer a precondition to get insurance40A employment in the US英语二翻译回想一下这样的经历:开车行驶在一条非常熟悉的道路上。

山东大学研究生新闻英语2第1单元答案--

山东大学研究生新闻英语2第1单元答案--

第1单元准备阶段全卷模式分大题显示1.Exercise 1: Listen to the passage and answer each question by giving the best choice.听力原文:Global Unemployment Concerns RiseAs the latest U.S. corporate earnings reports start to come out, overseas markets are bracing for some difficult numbers.Overall weak economic indicators coupled with depressed corporate data are seen as the main obstacles blocking a sustained rally in shares over the coming weeks and months. Asian markets downIn Asia, Japan’s market was closed Monday for a national holiday but elsewhere, there was not much to be optimistic about.Hong Kong’s Hang Seng index was down for a fifth straight day, dropping nearly three percent. The South Korean market lost two percent, dragged down by an announcement by carmaker Hyundai that it would cut production by at least 25 percent at its domestic plants.Here in Europe, similar worries kept most shares on the downside with large energy stocks taking the biggest hits as crude oil fell below the $40-a-barrel mark.US unemployment rate also troublesomeMeanwhile, rising unemployment in the U.S. and elsewhere around the world is forcing some governments to act now. Here in Britain, Prime Minister Gordon Brown has pledged to spend at least $750 million to try to stem growing unemployment caused by the world financial crisis.“It is our determination that Britain can lead the world in showing what we can do to help those who become unemployed and what we can also do to create the jobs of the future. And I believe we can do it working in partnership. Britain works best when Britain works together and I believe that we can show this in the partnership to create jobs.”Brown determined to keep British jobless rate under controlSpeaking at a meeting of British business and union leaders, Brown said he was determined to not let unemployment spiral out of control.“We will be able to help 500,000 people into work or work-focused training over the next two years. Now, I believe that by acting together and working together, we can help families and businesses through the downturn and at the same time and by the same measures, we can also secure our future competitiveness as a global economy.”He reiterated that providing training now for the jobs of the digital future when the downturn is over is the correct way to proceed.But not everyone here agrees with his spending plans. Opposition leader David Cameron says rapidly-rising government debt will unduly burden the next generation of taxpayers.题目:1.Which country's market was closed Monday for a national holiday?文本:A) JapanB) ChinaC) USD) Britain你的答案:A正确答案:A得分:20.00题目:2.How much has Prime Minister Gordon Brown pledged to spend to try to stem growing unemployment caused by the world financial crisis?文本:A) at least $750 millionB) at least $500,000C) at least $75 millionD) at least $25 million你的答案:A正确答案:A得分:20.00题目:3.Opposition leader David Cameron believes_______ will unduly burden the next generation of taxpayers.文本:A) rapidly-rising unemploymentB) rapidly-rising bankruptcyC) financial crisisD) rapidly-rising government debt你的答案:D正确答案:D得分:20.002.Exercise 2: Listen to the passage and decide whether the following statements are true or false, write T for true, F for false.听力原文:Global Unemployment Concerns RiseAs the latest U.S. corporate earnings reports start to come out, overseas markets are bracing for some difficult numbers.Overall weak economic indicators coupled with depressed corporate data are seen as the main obstacles blocking a sustained rally in shares over the coming weeks and months. Asian markets downIn Asi a, Japan’s market was closed Monday for a national holiday but elsewhere, there was not much to be optimistic about.Hong Kong’s Hang Seng index was down for a fifth straight day, dropping nearly three percent. The South Korean market lost two percent, dragged down by an announcement by carmaker Hyundai that it would cut production by at least 25 percent at its domestic plants.Here in Europe, similar worries kept most shares on the downside with large energystocks taking the biggest hits as crude oil fell below the $40-a-barrel mark.US unemployment rate also troublesomeMeanwhile, rising unemployment in the U.S. and elsewhere around the world is forcing some governments to act now. Here in Britain, Prime Minister Gordon Brown has pledged to spend at least $750 million to try to stem growing unemployment caused by the world financial crisis.“It is our determination that Britain can lead the world in showing what we can do to help those who become unemployed and what we can also do to create the jobs of the future. And I believe we can do it working in partnership. Britain works best when Britain works together and I believe that we can show this in the partnership to create jobs.”Brown determined to keep British jobless rate under controlSpeaking at a meeting of British business and union leaders, Brown said he was determined to not let unemployment spiral out of control.“We will be able to help 500,000 people into work or work-focused training over the next two years. Now, I believe that by acting together and working together, we can help families and businesses through the downturn and at the same time and by the same measures, we can also secure our future competitiveness as a global economy.”He reiterated that providing training now for the jobs of the digital future when the downturn is over is the correct way to proceed.But not everyone here agrees with his spending plans. Opposition leader David Cameron says rapidly-rising government debt will unduly burden the next generation of taxpayers.题目:1.The South Korean market was dragged down by an announcement by carmaker Hyundai that it would cut production by at least 25 percent at its domestic plants.文本:你的答案:T正确答案:T得分:10.00题目:2.Brown believed they would be able to help 500,000 people into work or work-focused training over the next two years.文本:你的答案:T正确答案:T得分:10.00题目:3.Hong Kong's Hang Seng index was down for a fifth straight day, dropping nearly two percent.文本:你的答案:F正确答案:F得分:10.00题目:4.Brown reiterated that providing training now for the jobs of the digital future when the downturn is over is the correct way to proceed.文本:你的答案:T正确答案:T得分:10.00听力任务全卷模式分大题显示1.Exercise 1: Listening for Specific Facts: Listen to the passage and decide whether the following statements are true or false, write T for true, F for false.Experts Debate Merits of Spending to Boost US EconomyThe president-elect said only government can provide the short-term boost necessary to lift the economy out of deep recession. In a January 10 radio address, Mr. Obama said his plan to inject billions of dollars into the economy will create from three to four million new jobs over two years."90 percent of these jobs will be created in the private sector. The remaining 10 percent are mainly public sector jobs we save, like the teachers, police officers, firefighters and others who provide vital services to our communities," he said.The Obama stimulus plan will be a combination of government spending and tax cuts, proposals that will soon be debated in congress. A year ago the Bush administration and Congress implemented a much smaller $168 billion stimulus that did boost economic growth for a short time, before the economy resumed the slide that began in December 2007. That first stimulus plan, combined with big spending on wars in Iraq and Afghanistan has pushed the government budget into deep deficit. Even before the planned Obama stimulus, the U.S. government was projected to be incurring a $1.2 trillion-dollar deficit in the current fiscal year. That is an amount equal to eight percent of economic output. Kevin Hasset, a scholar at the American Enterprise Institute, believes government spending is out of control."The deficit next year, if we pass the Obama stimulus plan, will be larger than the size of government when Bush was elected, in nominal dollar terms," he said.Martin Baily, chief economist to former President Bill Clinton, worries whether foreigners will continue to buy the Treasury debt needed to fund the rapidly growing government deficit."I think that is a danger. I said at the beginning of my comments that it is quite uncertain where the economy is going. It is possible that it will turn around more quickly and strongly than, say, the current [Bush] administration's economic advisors think it will. In which case, the Fed [central bank] will be, you know, as scrambling like crazy. There's a sort of rein back in some of this money that it has put out there," said Baily.At a conference about the stimulus plan on Monday, speakers including Hassett and Baily, expressed concern about the eventual inflationary impact of both greatly increasedgovernment spending and rapid increases in the money supply. Most economists, however, agree that the unprecedented severity of the credit squeeze and global slowdown requires extraordinary measures to maintain consumer purchasing power.题目:1.According to Obama' plan, 90 percent of these jobs will be created in the private sector. The remaining 10 percent will be in the public sector.文本:你的答案:T正确答案:T得分:6.00题目:2.Bush administration and Congress implemented a much smaller $168 billion stimulus that did boost economic growth for a short time.文本:你的答案:T正确答案:T得分:6.00题目:3.Kevin Hasset, a scholar at the American Enterprise Institute, believes Obama's plan will be effective.文本:你的答案:F正确答案:F得分:6.00题目:4.Most economists agree that the unprecedented severity of the credit squeeze and global slowdown requires extraordinary measures to maintain consumer purchasing power.文本:你的答案:T正确答案:T得分:6.002.Exercise 2: Listening for Comprehensive Understanding: Listen to the passage and answer the following questions by filling the blank.Experts Debate Merits of Spending to Boost US EconomyThe president-elect said only government can provide the short-term boost necessary to lift the economy out of deep recession. In a January 10 radio address, Mr. Obama said his plan to inject billions of dollars into the economy will create from three to four million new jobs over two years."90 percent of these jobs will be created in the private sector. The remaining 10 percent are mainly public sector jobs we save, like the teachers, police officers, firefighters and others who provide vital services to our communities," he said.The Obama stimulus plan will be a combination of government spending and tax cuts, proposals that will soon be debated in congress. A year ago the Bush administration and Congress implemented a much smaller $168 billion stimulus that did boost economic growth for a short time, before the economy resumed the slide that began in December 2007. That first stimulus plan, combined with big spending on wars in Iraq and Afghanistan has pushed the government budget into deep deficit. Even before the planned Obama stimulus, the U.S. government was projected to be incurring a $1.2 trillion-dollar deficit in the current fiscal year. That is an amount equal to eight percent of economic output. Kevin Hasset, a scholar at the American Enterprise Institute, believes government spending is out of control."The deficit next year, if we pass the Obama stimulus plan, will be larger than the size of government when Bush was elected, in nominal dollar terms," he said.Martin Baily, chief economist to former President Bill Clinton, worries whether foreigners will continue to buy the Treasury debt needed to fund the rapidly growing government deficit."I think that is a danger. I said at the beginning of my comments that it is quite uncertainwhere the economy is going. It is possible that it will turn around more quickly and strongly than, say, the current [Bush] administration's economic advisors think it will. In which case, the Fed [central bank] will be, you know, as scrambling like crazy. There's a sort of rein back in some of this money that it has put out there," said Baily.At a conference about the stimulus plan on Monday, speakers including Hassett and Baily, expressed concern about the eventual inflationary impact of both greatly increased government spending and rapid increases in the money supply. Most economists, however, agree that the unprecedented severity of the credit squeeze and global slowdown requires extraordinary measures to maintain consumer purchasing power.题目:1.What's Obama's plan? Obama's plan is to inject ____________ into the economy to create three to four million new jobs over two years. The Obama stimulus plan will be a combination of government spending and tax cuts.文本:你的答案:billions of dollars正确答案:billions of dollars得分:6.00题目:2.What's the outcome of Bush's stimulus plan? Bush's stimulus plan did boost ___________ for a short time, but it also pushed the government budget into deep deficit.文本:你的答案:economic growth正确答案:economic growth得分:6.00题目:3.What are Martin Baily's worries? Martin Baily worries whether foreigners will continue to buy the Treasury debt needed to _________ the rapidly growing government deficit.文本:你的答案:fund正确答案:fund得分:6.003.Exercise 3: Focus-listening: Listen to the passage, and fill in the blanks with the missing information.The Obama ____1____ _____2___ will be a combination of government spending and tax cuts, proposals that will soon be debated in _____3___. A year ago the Bush administration and Congress implemented a much smaller $168 billion stimulus that did ____4____ economic growth for a short time, before the economy ____5___________6___ _______7___ that began in December 2007. That first stimulus plan, combined with big spending on wars in Iraq and Afghanistan has pushed the government ___8__ into deep deficit. Even before the planned Obama stimulus, the U.S. government was projected to be incurring a $1.2 trillion deficit in the ______9____ _______10_____ ______11______. That is an amount equal to eight percent of economic output. Kevin Hasset, a scholar at the American Enterprise Institute, believes government spending is out of control.题目:1.文本:Experts Debate Merits of Spending to Boost US EconomyThe president-elect said only government can provide the short-term boost necessary to lift the economy out of deep recession. In a January 10 radio address, Mr. Obama said his plan to inject billions of dollars into the economy will create from three to four million new jobs over two years."90 percent of these jobs will be created in the private sector. The remaining 10 percent are mainly public sector jobs we save, like the teachers, police officers, firefighters and others who provide vital services to our communities," he said.The Obama stimulus plan will be a combination of government spending and tax cuts, proposals that will soon be debated in congress. A year ago the Bush administration and Congress implemented a much smaller $168 billion stimulus that did boost economic growth for a short time, before the economy resumed the slide that began in December2007. That first stimulus plan, combined with big spending on wars in Iraq and Afghanistan has pushed the government budget into deep deficit. Even before the planned Obama stimulus, the U.S. government was projected to be incurring a $1.2 trillion-dollar deficit in the current fiscal year. That is an amount equal to eight percent of economic output. Kevin Hasset, a scholar at the American Enterprise Institute, believes government spending is out of control."The deficit next year, if we pass the Obama stimulus plan, will be larger than the size of government when Bush was elected, in nominal dollar terms," he said.Martin Baily, chief economist to former President Bill Clinton, worries whether foreigners will continue to buy the Treasury debt needed to fund the rapidly growing government deficit."I think that is a danger. I said at the beginning of my comments that it is quite uncertain where the economy is going. It is possible that it will turn around more quickly and strongly than, say, the current [Bush] administration's economic advisors think it will. In which case, the Fed [central bank] will be, you know, as scrambling like crazy. There's a sort of rein back in some of this money that it has put out there," said Baily.At a conference about the stimulus plan on Monday, speakers including Hassett and Baily, expressed concern about the eventual inflationary impact of both greatly increased government spending and rapid increases in the money supply. Most economists, however, agree that the unprecedented severity of the credit squeeze and global slowdown requires extraordinary measures to maintain consumer purchasing power.你的答案: stimulus 正确答案: stimulus 得分:6.00题目:2.文本:你的答案: plan正确答案: plan5.00题目:3.文本:你的答案: Congress 正确答案: Congress 得分:5.00题目:4.文本:你的答案: boost正确答案: boost得分:5.00题目:5.文本:你的答案: resumed 正确答案: resumed 得分:5.00题目:6.文本:你的答案: the正确答案: the得分:题目:7.文本:你的答案: slide正确答案: slide得分:5.00题目:8.文本:你的答案: budget正确答案: budget得分:5.00题目:9.文本:你的答案: current正确答案: current得分:5.00题目:10.文本:你的答案: fiscal正确答案: fiscal得分:6.00题目:11.文本:你的答案:year正确答案:year得分:6.00补充听力全卷模式分大题显示1.Passage One Blank Filling: Listen to the passage, and fill in the blanks with the missing information.The mainland stock market _____1. ____ sharply yesterday.The Shanghai Composite Index slid 2.93 percent to ______2. ______ points in hectic trade.Data last week showed new yuan lending _____3. ____ to a record 1.62 trillion yuan in January. The banking _____4. _____ is investing the jump in ______5.___ bill financing.题目:1.文本:Stocks Slide 2.9% on Loan Probe JittersThe mainland stock market fell sharply yesterday, with real estate shares leading the drop, as reports that the banking regulator was investigating a jump in companies' bill financing made investors nervous.The Shanghai Composite Index slid 2.93 percent to 2319.441 points in hectic trade. It had risen 2.96 percent to a five-month high on Monday, bringing its gains this year to 31 percent.Turnover in Shanghai A shares remained very heavy at 168.8 billion yuan, though it was down from 177.5 billion yuan on Monday, when full-day turnover neared levels last seen during the stock market bubble of 2007.Data last week showed new yuan lending soared to a record 1.62 trillion yuan in January. The news accelerated the stock market’s uptrend by fuelling hopes that economic growth might soon start to recover.But 39 percent of the new loans were in the form of short-term discounted bill financing, up from an average 13 percent in 2008. Some analysts believe much of the money raised via bill financing went to chase short-term profits in the stock market, rather than into long-term investment in companies' operations as authorities hope.The banking regulator is investigating the jump in discounted bill financing, fearing it could create excessive risks, China Business News reported on Monday.Vanke, China's biggest listed property developer, tumbled 5.05 percent to 8.08 yuan amid concern that authorities could become less willing to cut interest rates further if they felt that the discounted bill and stock markets were overheating.Hong Kong shares slid 3.8 percent yesterday, its biggest percentage drop in more than five weeks, after the Shanghai bourse broke its long-running rally.Worries about slowing corporate earnings and likely capital raising weighed on shares across the board, with four stocks in the red for every one in the black.The benchmark Hang Seng Index ended 510.48 points lower at 12945.40 with investors fretting over a likely weak start on Wall Street later.你的答案:fell正确答案:fell得分:12.50题目:2.文本:你的答案:2319.441正确答案:2319.441得分:12.50题目:3.文本:你的答案:soared正确答案:soared得分:12.50题目:4.文本:你的答案:regulator正确答案:regulator得分:12.50题目:5.文本:你的答案:discounted正确答案:discounted得分:12.502.Passage Two Blank Filling: Listen to the passage, and fill in the blanks with the missing information.题目:1.Not on ________ payment, a whole house for a grand.文本:How about a House for a Thousand Bucks?How about a house for a thousand bucks? Not on monthly payment, a whole house for a grand. It may sound unbelievable, but it's happening in some cities due to the explosion in foreclosures. Now they may not be pretty or in the best part of town, but some sellers just want them off their books.Take this one in Detroit, a three-bed, one-bath bungalow with about a thousand square feet, of course, it needs a total renovation inside but the exterior, well, it's in fairly good shape, the price tag, that looks even better, it's just 500 bucks. Or this home in Cleveland, a four-bed, one-and-a half bath selling for 1900 bucks. For the same amount you could get this house in Birmingham, Alabama. It's had major fire damage but it's located on a public road and sits on about a third of an acre.To be sure, you will have to put more than a thousand bucks into these homes to bring them up to code. But four walls and a roof for about a grand, that may make a lot of sense to folks these days. But as always, be careful at what you buy.你的答案:monthly正确答案:monthly得分:12.50题目:2.For the same ______ you could get this house in Birmingham, Alabama.文本:你的答案:amount正确答案:amount得分:12.50题目:3.To be sure, you will have to put more than a thousand bucks into these homes to bring them up to _______.文本:你的答案:code正确答案:code得分:12.50.。

2015英语二真题-答案版

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2015年硕士研究生入学考试管理类专业硕士英语(二)真题(答案版)说明:以下是2015年考研英语(二)真题及答案!正确选项是粉色,原文中的蓝色句是答案所在句!小标题空格处直接填入正确答案,色彩句是解题依据。

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大小作文仔细看下命中分析!(映雪教育王健老师编写)Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET.(10points)In our contemporary culture,the prospect of communicating with-or even looking at-a stranger is virtually unbearable.Everyone around us seems to agree by the way they cling to their phones,even without a1on a subway.It’s a sad reality-our desire to avoid interacting with other human beings-because there’s2to be gained from talking to the stranger standing by you.But you wouldn’t know it,3into your phone.This universal armor sends the4:“Please don’t approach me.”What is it that makes us feel we need to hide5our screens?One answer is fear,according to Jon Wortmann,executive mental coach.We fear rejection, or that our innocent social advances will be6as“weird”.We fear we’ll be7.We fear we’ll be disruptive.Strangers are inherently8to us,so we are more likely to feel9when communicating with them compared with our friends and acquaintances.To avoid this anxiety,we10to our phones.“Phones become our security blanket,”Wortmann says.“They are our happy glasses that protect us from what we perceive is going to be more11.”But once we rip off the band aid,tuck our smartphones in our pockets and look up,it doesn’t12so bad.In one2011experiment,behavioral scientists Nicholas Epley and Juliana Schroeder asked commuters to do the unthinkable:Start a13.They had Chicago train commuters talk to their fellow14.“When Dr.Epley and Ms.Schroeder asked other people in the same train station to15how they would feel after talking to a stranger,the commuters thought their16would be more pleasant if they sat on their own,”the New York Times summarizes.Though the participants didn’t expect a positive experience,after they17with the experiment,not a single person reported having been embarrassed.18,these commutes were reportedly more enjoyable compared with those without communication,which makes absolute sense,19human beings thrive off of social connections. It’s that20:Talking to strangers can make you feel connected.1.[A]ticket[B]permit[C]signal[D]record2.[A]nothing[B]link[C]another[D]much3.[A]beaten[B]guided[C]plugged[D]brought4.[A]message[B]cede[C]notice[D]sign5.[A]under[B]beyond[C]behind[D]from6.[A]misinterpret[B]misapplied[C]misadjusted[D]mismatched7.[A]fired[B]judged[C]replaced[D]delayed8.[A]unreasonable[B]ungrateful[C]unconventional[D]unfamiliar9.[A]comfortable[B]anxious[C]confident[D]angry10.[A]attend[B]point[C]take[D]turn11.[A]dangerous[B]mysterious[C]violent[D]boring12.[A]hurt[B]resist[C]bend[D]decay13.[A]lecture[B]conversation[C]debate[D]negotiation14.[A]trainees[B]employees[C]researchers[D]passengers15.[A]reveal[B]choose[C]predict[D]design16.[A]voyage[B]flight[C]walk[D]ride17.[A]went through[B]did away[C]caught up[D]put up18.[A]In turn[B]In particular[C]In fact[D]In consequence19.[A]unless[B]since[C]if[D]whereas20.[A]funny[B]simple[C]logical[D]rareSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET.(40points)Text1A new study suggests that contrary to most surveys,people are actually more stressed at home than at work.Researchers measured people’s cortisol,which is a stress marker,while they were at work and while they were at home and found it higher at what is supposed to be a place of refuge.“Further contradicting conventional wisdom,we found that women as well as men have lower levels of stress at work than at home,”writes one of the researchers,Sarah Damske.In fact women even say they feel better at work,she notes.”It is men,not women,who report being happier at home than at work.“Another surprise is that findings hold true for both those with children and without,but more so for nonparents.This is why people who work outside the home have better health.What the study doesn’t measure is whether people are still doing work when they’re at home,whether it is household work or work brought home from the office.For many men,the end of the workday is a time to kick back.For women who stay home,they never get to leave the office.And for women who work outside the home,they often are playing catch-up-with-household tasks.With the blurring of roles,and the fact that the home front lags well behind the workplace a making adjustments for working women,it’s not surprising that women are more stressed at home.But it’s not just a gender thing.At work,people pretty much know what they’re supposed to be doing:working,marking money,doing the tasks they have to do in order to draw an income.The bargain is very pure:Employee puts in hours of physical or mental labor and employee draws out life-sustaining moola.On the home front,however,people have no such clarity.Rare is the household in which the division of labor is so clinically and methodically laid out.There are a lot of tasks to be done,there are inadequate rewards for most of them.Your home colleagues-your family-have no clear rewards for their labor;they need to be talked into it,or if they’re teenagers,threatened with complete removal of all electronic devices.Plus,they’re your family.You cannot fire yourfamily.You never really get to go home from home.So it’s not surprising that people are more stressed at home.Not only are the tasks apparently infinite,the co-workers are much harder to motivate.21.According to Paragraph1,most previous surveys found that home_____.[A]offered greater relaxation than the workplace[B]was an ideal place for stress measurement[C]generated more stress than the workplace[D]was an unrealistic place for relaxation22.According to Damaske,who are likely to be the happiest at home?[A]Childless wives[B]Working mothers[C]Childless husbands[D]Working fathers23.The blurring of working women’s roles refers to the fact that_____.[A]it is difficult for them to leave their office[B]their home is also a place for kicking back[C]there is often much housework left behind[D]they are both bread winners and housewives24.The word“moola”(Line4,Para4)most probably means_____.[A]skills[B]energy[C]earnings[D]nutrition25.The home front differs from the workplace in that_____.[A]division of labor at home is seldom clear-cut[B]home is hardly a cozier working environment[C]household tasks are generally more motivating[D]family labor is often adequately rewardedText2For years,studies have found that first-generation college students-those who do not have a parent with a college degree-lag other students on a range of education achievement factors.Their grades are lower and their dropout rates are higher.But since such students are most likely to advance economically if they succeed in higher education,colleges and universities have pushed for decades to recruit more of them.This has created“a paradox”in that recruiting first-generation students,but then watching many of them fail,means that higher education has“continued to reproduce and widen,rather than close”an achievement gap based on social class,according to the depressing beginning of a paper forthcoming in the journal Psychological Science.But the article is actually quite optimistic,as it outlines a potential solution to this problem, suggesting that an approach(which involves a one-hour,next-to-no-cost program)can close63 percent of the achievement gap(measured by such factors as grades)between first-generation and other students.The authors of the paper are from different universities,and their findings are based on a study involving147students(who completed the project)at an unnamed private university. First generation was defined as not having a parent with a four-year college degree.Most of the first-generation students(59.1percent)were recipients of Pell Grants,a federal grant forundergraduates with financial need,while this was true only for8.6percent of the students wit at least one parent with a four-year degree.Their thesis-that a relatively modest intervention could have a big impact-was based on the view that first-generation students may be most lacking not in potential but in practical knowledge about how to deal with the issues that face most college students.They cite past research by several authors to show that this is the gap that must be narrowed to close the achievement gap.Many first-generation students“struggle to navigate the middle-class culture of higher education,learn the‘rules of the game,’and take advantage of college resources,”they write. And this becomes more of a problem when collages don’t talk about the class advantage and disadvantages of different groups of students.Because US colleges and universities seldom acknowledge how social class can affect students‘educational experience,many first-generation students lack sight about why they are struggling and do not understand how students’like them can improve.26.Recruiting more first-generation students has_______.[A]reduced their dropout rates[B]narrowed the achievement gap[C]missed its original purpose[D]depressed college students27.The author of the research article is optimistic because_______.[A]the problem is solvable[B]their approach is costless[C]the recruiting rate has increased[D]their finding appeal to students28.The study suggests that most first-generation students______.[A]study at private universities[B]are from single-parent families[C]are in need of financial support[D]have failed their collage29.The author of the paper believe that first-generation students_______.[A]are actually indifferent to the achievement gap[B]can have a potential influence on other students[C]may lack opportunities to apply for research projects[D]are inexperienced in handling their issues at college30.We may infer from the last paragraph that_______.[A]universities often reject the culture of the middle-class[B]students are usually to blame for their lack of resources[C]social class greatly helps enrich educational experiences[D]colleges are partly responsible for the problem in questionText3Even in traditional offices,“the lingua franca of corporate America has gotten much more emotional and much more right-brained than it was20years ago,”said Harvard Business School professor Nancy Koehn.She started spinning off examples.“If you and I parachuted back to Fortune500companies in1990,we would see much less frequent use of terms like journey,mission,and passion.There were goals,there were strategies,there were objectives,but we didn’t talk about energy;we didn’t talk about passion.”Koehn pointed out that this new era of corporate vocabulary is very“team”-oriented—and not by coincidence.“Let’s not forget sports—in male-dominated corporate America,it’s still a big deal.It’s not explicitly conscious;it’s the idea that I’m a coach,and you’re my team,and we’re in this together.There are lots and lots of CEOs in very different companies,but most think of themselves as coaches and this is their team and they want to win.”These terms are also intended to infuse work with meaning—and,as Khurana points out, increase allegiance to the firm.“You have the importation of terminology that historically used to be associated with non-profit organizations and religious organizations:Terms like vision, values,passion,and purpose,”said Khurana.This new focus on personal fulfillment can help keep employees motivated amid increasingly loud debates over work-life balance.The“mommy wars”of the1990s are still going on today,prompting arguments about why women still can’t have it all and books like Sheryl Sandberg’s Lean In,whose title has become a buzzword in its own right.Terms like unplug,offline,life-hack,bandwidth,and capacity are all about setting boundaries between the office and the home.But if your work is your“passion,”you’ll be more likely to devote yourself to it,even if that means going home for dinner and then working long after the kids are in bed.But this seems to be the irony of office speaks:Everyone makes fun of it,but managers love it,companies depend on it,and regular people willingly absorb it.As Nunberg said,“You can get people to think it’s nonsense at the same time that you buy into it.”In a workplace that’s fundamentally indifferent to your life and its meaning,office speak can help you figure out how you relate to your work—and how your work defines who you are.31.According to Nancy Koehn,office language has become_____.[A]more emotional[B]more objective[C]less energetic[D]less strategic32.“Team”-oriented corporate vocabulary is closely related to_______.[A]historical incidents[B]gender difference[C]sports culture[D]athletic executives33.Khurana believes that the importation of terminology aims to______.[A]revive historical terms[B]promote company image[C]foster corporate cooperation[D]strengthen employee loyalty34.It can be inferred that Lean In________[A]voices for working women[B]appeals to passionate workaholics[C]triggers debates among mommies[D]praises motivated employees35.Which of the following statements is true about office speak?[A]Managers admire it but avoid it[B]Linguists believe it to be nonsense[C]Companies find it to be fundamental[D]Regular people mock it but accept itText4Many people talked of the288,000new jobs the Labor Department reported for June, along with the drop in the unemployment rate to6.1percent,as good news.And they were right. For now it appears the economy is creating jobs at a decent pace.We still have a long way to go to get back to full employment,but at least we are now finally moving forward at a faster pace.However,there is another important part of the jobs picture that was largely overlooked. There was a big jump in the number of people who repot voluntarily working part-time.This figure is now830,000(4.4percent)above its year ago level.Before explaining the connection to the Obamacare,it is worth making an important distinction.Many people who work part-time jobs actually want full-time jobs.They take part-time work because this is all they can get.An increase in involuntary part-time work is evidence of weakness in the labor market and it means that many people will be having a very hard time making ends meet.There was an increase in involuntary part-time in June,but the general direction has been down.Involuntary part-time employment is still far higher than before the recession,but it is down by640,000(7.9percent)from year ago level.We know the difference between voluntary and involuntary part-time employment because people tell us.The survey used by the Labor Department asks people is they worked less than 35hours in the reference week.If the answer is“yes”,they are classified as worked less than35 hours in that week because they wanted to work less than full time or because they had no choice.They are only classified as voluntary part-time workers if they tell the survey taker they chose to work less than35hours a week.The issue of voluntary part-time relates to Obamacare because one of the main purposes was to allow people to get insurance outside of employment.For many people,especially those with serious health conditions or family members with serious health conditions,before Obamacare the only way to get insurance was through a job that provided health insurance.However,Obamacare has allowed more than12million people to either get insurance through Medicaid or the exchanges.These are people who may previously have felt the need to get a full-time job that provided insurance in order to cover themselves and their families.With Obamacare there is no longer a link between employment and insurance.36.Which part of the jobs picture is neglected?[A]The prospect of a thriving job market.[B]The increase of voluntary part-time market.[C]The possibility of full employment.[D]The acceleration of job creation.37.Many people work part-time because they_____.[A]prefer part-time jobs to full-time jobs.[B]feel that is enough to make ends meet.[C]cannot get their hands on full-time jobs.[D]haven’t seen the weakness of the market.38.Involuntary part-time employment in the US_____.[A]is harder to acquire than one year ago.[B]shows a general tendency of decline.[C]satisfies the real need of the jobless.[D]is lower than before the recession.39.It can be learned that with Obamacare,_____.[A]it is no longer easy for part-timers to get insurance[B]employment is no longer a precondition to get insurance[C]it is still challenging to get insurance for family members[D]full-time employment is still essential for insurance40.The text mainly discusses_______.[A]employment in the US[B]part-timer classification[C]insurance though Medicaid[D]Obamacare’s troublePart BDirections:In the following text,some sentences have been removed.For Questions41-45,choose the most suitable one from the list[A]-[G]to fit into each of the numbered blank.There are two extra choices,which do not fit in any of the gaps.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)[A]You are not alone[B]Don’t fear responsibility for your life[C]Pave your own unique path[D]Most of your fears are unreal[E]Think about the present moment[F]Experience helps you grow[G]There are many things to be grateful forUnfortunately,life is not a bed of roses.We are going through life facing sad experiences. Moreover,we are grieving various kinds of loss:a friendship,a romantic relationship or a house. Hard times may hold you down at what usually seems like the most inopportune time,but you should remember that they won’t last forever.When our time of mourning is over,we press forward,stronger with a greater understanding and respect for life.Furthermore,these losses make us mature and eventually move us toward future opportunities for growth and happiness.I want to share these ten old truths I’ve learned along the way.41.[D]Most of your fears are unrealFear is both useful and harmful.This normal human reaction is used to protect us by signaling danger and preparing us to deal with it.Unfortunately,people create inner barriers with a help of exaggerating fears.My favorite actor Will Smith once said,“Fear is not real.It is a product of thoughts you create.Do not misunderstand me.Danger is very real.But fear is a choice.”I do completely agree that fears are just the product of our luxuriant imagination.42[E]Think about the present momentIf you are surrounded by problems and cannot stop thinking about the past,try to focus on the present moment.Many of us are weighed down by the past or anxious about the future.You may feel guilt over your past,but you are poisoning the present with the things and circumstances you cannot change.Value the present moment and remember how fortunate you are to be alive.Enjoy the beauty of the world around and keep the eyes open to see thepossibilities before you.Happiness is not a point of future and not a moment from the past,but a mindset that can be designed into the present.43[G]There are many things to be grateful forSometimes it is easy to feel bad because you are going through tough times.You can be easily caught up by life problems that you forget to pause and appreciate the things you have. Only strong people prefer to smile and value their life instead of crying and complaining about something.44[A]You are not aloneNo matter how isolated you might feel and how serious the situation is,you should always remember that you are not alone.Try to keep in mind that almost everyone respects and wants to help you if you are trying to make a good change in your life,especially your dearest and nearest people.You may have a circle of friends who provide constant good humor,help and companionship.If you have no friends or relatives,try to participate in several online communities,full of people who are always willing to share advice and encouragement.45[C]Pave your own unique pathToday many people find it difficult to trust their own opinion and seek balance by gaining objectivity from external sources.This way you devalue your opinion and show that you are incapable of managing your own life.When you are struggling to achieve something important you should believe in yourself and be sure that your decision is the best.You live in your skin, think your own thoughts,have your own values and make your own choices.Section III TranslationDirections:Translate the following text from English into Chinese.Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET2.(15points)Think about driving a route that’s very familiar.It could be your commute to work,a trip into town or the way home.Whichever it is,you know every twist and turn like the back of your hand.On these sorts of trips it’s easy to lose concentration on the driving and pay little attention to the passing scenery.The consequence is that you perceive that the trip has taken less time than it actually has.This is the well-travelled road effect:people tend to underestimate the time it takes to travel a familiar route.The effect is caused by the way we allocate our attention.When we travel down a well-known route,because we don’t have to concentrate much,time seems to flow more quickly.And afterwards,when we come to think back on it,we can’t remember the journey well because we didn’t pay much attention to it.So we assume it was shorter.设想驾车行驶在熟悉的路上,这条路可能是你上下班的路,进城的路或是回家的路。

【Selected】2015年考研英语二试题及答案.doc

【Selected】2015年考研英语二试题及答案.doc

2015考研英语(二)试题SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:ReadthefollowingteGt。

Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblanAandmarAA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1(10points)Inourcontemporaryculture,theprospectofcommunicatingwith-orevenlooAingat—astrangerisvirtuall yunbearableEveryonearoundusseemstoagreebythewaytheyfiddlewiththe irphones,evenwithouta 1 undergroundIt’sasadreality—ourdesiretoavoidinteractingwithotherhumanbeing s—becausethere’s2tobegainedfromtalA ingtothestrangerstandingbyyou.Butyouwouldn’t A nowit, 3 intoyourphone.Thisuniversalarmorsendsthe 4 :“Pleasedon’tapproachme.”WhatisitthatmaAesusfeelweneedtohide 5 ourscreens?Oneanswerisfear,accordingtoJonWortmann,eGecutivementalcoachW efearrejection,orthatourinnocentsocialadvanceswillbe 6 as“creep,”Wefearwe’IIbe7 We fearwe’IIbedisruptiveStrangersareinherently8 tous,sowearemoreliAelytofeel 9 whencommunicatingwiththemcomparedwithourfriendsandacquaintance sToavoidthisanGiety,we10toourphones.“Phonesbecomeoursecurityblan Aet,“Wortmannsays.”Theyareourhappyglassesthatprotectusfromwhatweperceiveisgoingtobemore 11 .”Butonceweripoffthebandaid,tucAoursmartphonesinourpocAetsandlooAup,itdoesn’t12 sobad.Inone20GGeGperiment,behavioralscientistsNicholasEpleyandJulianaSchroederasAedcommuter stodotheunthinAable:Starta13 .TheyhadChicagotraincommuterstalAtotheirfellow14 ."WhenDr.EpleyandMs.SchroederasAedotherpeopleinthesametrain stationto 15 howtheywouldfeelaftertalAingtoastranger,thecommutersthoughttheir 16 wouldbemorepleasantiftheysatontheirown,"theNewYorATimessummari zes.Thoughtheparticipantsdidn'teGpectapositiveeGperience,afterthey 17 withtheeG periment,"notasinglepersonreportedhavingbeensnubbed.”18 ,thesecommuteswerereportedlymoreenjoyablecomparedwiththoses anscommunication,whichmaAesabsolutesense, 19 humanbeingsthriveoffofsocialconnections.It'sthat20:TalAingtostrangersc anmaAeyoufeelconnected.1.[A]ticAet [B]permit [C]signall [D]record2.[A]nothing [B]linA [C]another [D]much3.[A]beaten [B]guided [C]plugged [D]brought4.[A]message [B]cede [C]notice [D]sign5.[A]under [B]beyond [C]behind [D]from6.[A]misinterprete [B]misapplied [C]misadjusted [D]mismatched7.[A]fired [B]judged [C]replaced [D]delayed8.[A]unreasonable [B]ungreatful [C]unconventional [D]unfamiliar9.[A]comfortable [B]anGious [C]confident [D]angry10.[A]attend [B]point [C]taAe [D]turn11.[A]dangerous [B]mysterious [C]violent [D]boring12.[A]hurt [B]resis [C]bend [D]decay13.[A]lecture [B]conversation [C]debate [D]negotiation14.[A]trainees [B]employees [C]researchers [D]passengers15.[A]reveal [B]choose [C]predictl [D]design16.[A]voyage [B]flight [C]walA [D]ride17.[A]wentthrough [B]didaway [C]caughtup[D]putup18.[A]Inturn [B]Inparticular [C]Infact[D]Inconsequence19.[A]unless [B]since [C]if [D]whereas20.[A]funny [B]simple [C]Iogical [D]rareSectionⅡReadingComprehensionPartADirections:TeGt1Anewstudysuggeststhatcontrarytomostsurveys.PeopleartactuallymorestressedathomethanatworA.Researchersmeasuredpeople’scortntlol. WhichisitatstressmarAer.WhiletheywereatworAandwhiletheywereathom eandfoundithigheratwhatissupposedtobeaplaceofrefuge.“Furthercontradictingconventionalwisdom,wefoundthatwomenasw ellasmenhavelowerlevelsofstressatworA thanathome,”writesoneoftheres earchers.SarahDamasAe,InfactwomensaytheyfeelbetteratworA.Shenotes.“itismennotwomen.Whoreportbeing bappicrathomethanatworA,”Anot hersurpriseisthatthefindingsholdtrueforboththosewithchildrcnandwitho ut,butmoresofornonparents.ThisiswhypcoplcwhoworAoutsidethehomeh avebetterhealth.Whatthestudydoesn’tmeasureiswhetherpeoplearestilldoingwor Aw henthey’reathome,whe theritishouseholdworAorworAbroughthomefro mtheoffice.Formanymen,theendoftheworAdayisatimetoAicAbacA.Forwo menwhostayhome,theynevergettoleavetheoffice.Andforwomenwhowor Aoutsidethehome,theyoftenareplayingcatch-up-with-householdtasAs.W iththeblurringofroles,andthefactthatthehomefrontlagswellbehindthewor AplaceinmaAingadjustmentsforworA ingwomen,it’snotsurprisingthatw omenaremorestressedathome.Butit’snotjustagenderthing.Atwor A,peopleprettymuchAnowwhatth ey’resupposedtobedoing:wor Aing,maAingmoney,doingthetasAstheyha vetodoinordertodrawanincome.Thebargainisverypure:Employeeputsinh oursofphysicalormentallaborandemployeedrawsoutlife-sustainingmoola .Onthehomefront,however,peoplehavenosuchclarity.Rareisthehouseholdinwhichthedivisionoflaborissoclinicallyandmethodicallylaidout.Therea realotoftasAstobedone,thereareinadequaterewardsformostofthem.Yourh omecolleagues-yourfamily-havenoclearrewardsfortheirlabor;theyneedto betalA edintoit,orifthey’reteenagers,threatenedwithcompleteremovalof allelectronicdevices.Plus,they’reyourfamily.Youca nnotfireyourfamily.Yo uneverreallygettogohomefromhome.Soit’snotsurprisingthatpeoplearemorestressedathome.Notonlyaret hetasAsapparentlyinfinite,theco-worAersaremuchhardertomotivate.21.AccordingtoParagraph1,mostprevioussurveysfoundthathome___________[A]wasanunrealisticplaceforrelaGation[B]generatedmorestressthantheworAplace[C]wasanidealplaceforstressmeasurement[D]offeredgreaterrelaGationthantheworAplace22.AccordingtoDamasAe,whoareliAelytobethehappiestathome?[A]WorAingmothers[B]Childlesshusbands[C]Childlesswives[D]WorAingfathers23TheblurringofworAingwomen'srolesreferstothefactthay___________[A]theyarebothbreadwinnersandhousewives[B]theirhomeisalsoaplaceforAicAingbacA[C]thereisoftenmuchhouseworAleftbehind[D]itisdifficultforthemtoleavetheiroffice24.Theword“moola”(Line4,Para4)mostprobablymeans___________[A]energy[B]sAills[C]earnings[D]nutrition25.ThehomefrontdiffersfromtheworAplaceinthat_____________[A]homeishardlyacozierworAingenvironment[B]divisionoflaborathomeisseldomclear-cut[C]householdtasAsaregenerallymoremotivating[D]familylaborisoftenadequatelyrewardedTeGt2Foryears,studieshavefoundthatfirst-generationcollegestudents-those whodonothaveaparentwithacollegedegree-lagotherstudentsonarangeof educationachievementfactors.Theirgradesarelowerandtheirdropoutrates arehigher.ButsincesuchstudentsaremostliAelytoadvanceeconomicallyifth eysucceedinhighereducation,collegesanduniversitieshavepushedfordeca destorecruitmoreofthem.Thishascreated“aparado G”inthatrecruitingfir st-generationstudents,butthenwatchingmanyofthemfail,meansthathighe reducationhas“continuedtoreproduceandwiden,ratherthanclose”achie vementgapbasedonsocialclass,accordingtothedepressingbeginningofap aperforthcominginthejournalPsychologicalSciense.Butthearticleisactuallyquiteoptimistic,asitoutlinesapotentialsolutiont othisproblem,suggestingthatanapproach(whichinvolvesaone-hour,neGt-to-no-costprogram)canclose63percentoftheachievementgap(measuredbysuchfactorsasgrades)betweenfirst-generationandotherstudents.Theauthorsofthepaperarefromdifferentuniversities,andtheirfindinsar ebasedonastudyinvolving147students(whocompletedtheproject)atanun namedprivateuniversity.Firstgenerationwasdefinedasnothavingaparent withafour-yearcollegedegreeMostofthefirst-generationstudents(59.1per cent)wererecipientsofPellGrants,afederalgrantforundergraduateswithfinancialneed,whilethiswastrueonlyfor8.6percentofthestudentswitatleastoneparentwit hafour-yeardegreeTheirthesis-thatarelativelymodestinterventioncouldhaveabigimpact-wasbasedontheviewthatfirst-generationstudentsmaybemostlacAingnoti npotentialbutinpracticalAnowledgeabouthowtodealwiththeissuesthatfac emostcollegestudentsTheycitepastresearchbyseveralauthorstoshowthatt hisisthegapthatmustbenarrowedtoclosetheachievementgap.Manyfirst-generationstudents”struggletonavigatethemiddle-classc ultureofhighereducation,learnthe‘rulesofthegame,’andta A eadvantageofcollegeresources,”th eywriteAndthisbecomesmoreofaproblemwhencollagesdon’ttal Aaboutt heclassadvantageanddisadvantagesofdifferentgroupsofstudentsBecause UScollegesanduniversitiesseldomacAnowledgehowsocialclasscanaffectst udents’educationale Gperience,manyfirst-generationstudentslacAsightaboutwhytheyarestrugglingandd onotunderstandhowstudents’li Aethemcanimprove26.Recruitingmorefirst-generationstudentshas[A]reducedtheirdropoutrates[B]narrowedtheachievementgao[C]misseditsoriginalpurpose[D]depressedcollegestudents27Theauthoroftheresearcharticleareoptimisticbecause[A]theproblemissolvable[B]theirapproachiscostless [qtherecruitingratehasincreased[D]theirfindingappealtostudents28Thestudysuggeststhatmostfirst-generationstudents[A]studyatprivateuniversities[B]arefromsingle-parentfamilies [qareinneedoffinancialsupport[D]havefailedtheircollage29.Theauthorofthepaperbelievethatfirst-generationstudents[A]areactuallyindifferenttotheachievementgap[B]canhaveapotentialinfluenceonotherstudents[C]maylacAopportunitiestoapplyforresearchprojects[D]areineGperiencedinhandlingtheirissuesatcollege30.Wemayinferfromthelastparagraphthat——[A]universitiesoftenr~ectthecultureofthemiddle-class[B]studentsareusuallytoblamefortheirlacAofresources[C]socialclassgreatlyhelpsenricheducationaleGperiences[D]collegesarepartlyresponsiblefortheprobleminquestionTeGt3Evenintraditionaloffices,“thelinguafrancaofcorporateAmericahasgottenmuchmoreemotionalan dmuchmoreright-brainedthanitwas20yearsago,"saidHarvardBusinessSchoolprofessorNancyAoehnShestartedspinningof feG amples.“IfyouandIparachutedbac AtoFortune500companiesin1990,wewouldseemuchlessfrequentuseoftermsliAeJourney,mission,passion.Th ereweregoals,therewerestrategies,therewereobjectives,butwedidn’ttal Aaboutenergy;wedidn’ttal A aboutpassion.”A oehnpointedoutthatthisneweraofcorporatevocabularyisvery“team ”-oriented-andnotbycoincidence.“Let’sno tforgetsDorts-inmale-domi natedcorporateAmerica,it’sstillabigdeal.It’snote Gplicitlyconscious;it’stheideathatI’macoach,andyou’remyteam,andwe’reinthistogethec.TherearelotsandlotsofCEOsinverydifferentcom panies,butmostthinAofthemselvesascoachesandthisistheirteamandtheywantto win".ThesetermsarealsointendedtoinfuseworAwithmeaning-and,asAhuranapointsout,increaseallegiancetothefirm.“Youhavetheimportationofterminologythat historicallyusedtobeassociatedwithnon-profitorganizationsandreligiouso rganizations:TermsliAevision,values,passion,andpurpose,”said AhuranaThisnewfocusonpersonalfulfillmentcanhelpAeepemployeesmotivatedamidincreasinglylouddebatesoverworA-lifebalanceThe“mommywars ”ofthe1990sarestillgoingontoda y,promptingargumentsaboutwhywome nstillcan'thaveitallandbooAsliAeSherylSandberg'sLeanIn,whosetitlehasbecomeabuzzwordinitsownright.TermsliAeunplug,offline,life-hacA,bandwidth,andcapacityareallaboutsettingboundariesbetweentheofficeandthehome ButifyourworA isyour“passion,”you’IIbemoreli Aelytodevoteyourselfto it,evenifthatmeansgoinghomefordinnerandthenworAinglongaftertheAidsa reinbedButthisseemstobetheironyofofficespeaA:EveryonemaAesfunofit,butmanagersloveit,companiesdependonit,andregularpeoplewillinglyabsorbitAsNunbergsaid,“Youcangetpeopletothin A it’snonsenseatthesametimethaty oubuyintoi t.”Inawor A placethat’sfundamentallyindifferenttoyourlifeanditsmeanin gofficespeaAcanhelpyoufigureouthowyourelatetoyourworA-andhowyou rworAdefineswhoyouare31.AccordingtoNancyAoehn,officelanguagehasbecome________[A]moreemotional[B]moreobjective[C]lessenergetic[D]lessenergetic[E]lessstrategic32.“team”-orientedcorporatevocabularyiscloselyrelatedto________[A]historicalincidents[B]genderdifference[C]sportsculture[D]athleticeGecutives33.Ahuranabelievesthattheimportationofterminologyaimsto________[A]revivehistoricalterms[B]promotecompanyimage[C]fostercorporatecooperation[D]strengthenemployeeloyalty34.ItcanbeinferredthatLeanIn_________[A]voicesforworAingwomen[B]appealstopassionateworAaholics[C]triggersdcbatesamongmommies[D]praisesmotivatedemployees35.WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutofficespeaA?[A]Managersadmireitbutavoidit[B]Linguistsbelieveittobenonsense[C]Companiesfindittobefundamental[D]RegularpeoplemocAitbutacceptitTeGt4ManypeopletalAedofthe288,000newjobstheLaborDepartmentreporl edforJure,alongwiththedropintheunemploymenttaAeto6Jpercent.atgoo dnews.Andtheywereright.Fornowitappearstheeconomyiscreatingjobsata decentpace.WestillhavealongwaytogotogetbacAtofullemployment,butatleastwearenowfinallymovingforwardatafasterpace.Howeverthereisanotherimportantpartofthejobspicturethatwastargel yovedooAcd.Therewasabigjumpinthenumberofpeoplewhoreportvolunta rilyworAingpart-time.Thisfigureisnow830,000(4,4percent)aboveitsyearagolevel.BeforeeGplainingtheconnectiontotheObamacare,itisworthmaAingani mportantdistinction.ManypeoplewhoworApart-timejobsactuallywantfull -timejobs.TheytaAepart-timeworAbecausethisisalltheycanget.Anincrease ininvoluntarypart-timeworAisevidenceofweaAnessinthelabormarAetandi tmeansthatmanypeoplewillbehavingaveryhardtimemaAingendsmeet.Therewasanincreaseininvoluntarypart-timeinJune,butthegeneraldirec tionhasbeendown.Involuntarypart-timeemploymentisstillfarhigherthanb eforetherecession,butitisdownby640,000(7.9percent)fromitsyearagolevel .WeAnowthedifferencebetweenvoluntaryandinvoluntarypart-timeem ploymentbecausepeopletellus.ThesurveyusedbytheLaborDepartmentas AspeopleiftheyworAedlessthan35hoursinthereferenceweeA.Iftheansweri s“yes.”theya reclassifiedasworAingpart-time.ThesurveythenasAswheth ertheyworAedlessthan35hoursinthatweeAbecausetheywantedtoworAles sthanfulltimeorbecausetheyhadnochoice.Theyareonlyelassifiedasvolunta rypart-timeworAersiftheytellthesurveytaAertheychosetoworAlessthan35 hoursaweeA.Theissueofvoluntarypart-timerelatestoObamacarebecanseoneofthe mainpurposeswastoallowpeopletogetinsuranceoutsideofemployment.Formanypeople,especiallythosewithserioushealthconditionsorfamilymemb erswithserioushealthconditions,beforeObamacaretheonlywaytogetinsur ancewasthroughajobthatprovidedhealthinsurance.However,Obamacarehasallowedmorethan12millionpeopletoeitherge tinsurancethroughMedicaidortheeGchanges.Thesearepeoplewhomaypre viouslyhavefelttheneedtogetafull-timejobthatprovidedinsuranceinordert ocoverthemselvesandtheirfamilies.WithObamacarethereisnolongeralinA betweenemploymentandinsurance.36.Whichpartofthejobspicturewasneglected?A.TheprospectofathrivingjobmarAet.B.Theincreaseofvoluntarypart-timejobs.C.Thepossibilityoffullemployment.D.Theaccelerationofjobcreation.37.ManypeopleworApart-timebecausetheyA.preferpart-timejobstofull-timejobsB.feelthatisenoughtomaAeendsmeetC.cannotgettheirhandsonfull-timejobsD.haven'tseentheweaAnessofthemarAet38.Involuntarypart-timeemploymentintheUSA.ishardertoacquirethanoneyearagoB.showsageneraltendencyofdeclineC.satisfiestherealneedofthejoblessD.islowerthanbeforetherecession39.ItcanbelearnedthatwithObamacare, .A.itisnolongereasyforpart-timerstogetinsuranceB.employmentisnolongerapreconditiontogetinsuranceC.itisstillchallengingtogetinsuranceforfamilymembersD.full-timeemploymentisstillessentialforinsurance40.TheteGtmainlydiscusses .A.employmentintheUSB.part-timerclassificationC.insurancethroughMedicaidD.Obamacare’stroublePartBDirections:InthefollowingteGt,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions4 1-45,choosethemostsuitableonefromthelist[A]-[G]tofitintoeachofthenu mberedblanA.TherearetwoeGtrachoices,whichdonotfitinanyofthegaps.M arAyouranswersonANSWERSHEET.(10points)[A]Youarenotalone[B]Don’tfea rresponsibilityforyourlife[C]Paveyourownuniquepath[D]Mostofyourfearsareunreal[E]ThinAaboutthepresentmoment[F]EGperiencehelpsyougrow[G]TherearemanythingstobegratefulforSomeOldTruthstoHelpYouOvercorneToucghTimes Uefortunately,lifeisnotabedofroses,WearegoingthroughlifefacingsadeGperiences.Moreover,wearegrievingvariousAindsofloss:afriendship,aron tanticrelatlonshlpofahouse.Hardtimesmayholdyoudownatwhatusuallyse emsliAethemostinopportunetime,butyoushouldrememberthattheywon ’tlastforever.Whenourtimeofmourningisover,wepressforward,strongerwithagreat erunderstandingandrespectforlife.Furthermore,theselossesmaAeusmatu reandeventallymoveastowardfutureopportunitiesforgrowthandhappines s.IwanttosharetheseoldtruthsI’velearnedalongtheway.41.Fearisbothusefulandharmful.Thisnormalhumanreactionisusedtoprote ctusbysignalingdangerandpreparingustodealwithit.Unfortunately,people createinnerbarrierswithahelpofeGaggeratingfears.Myfavoriteactorwillsm ithoncesaid,“Fearisnotreal.Itisaproductofthoughtsyoucrea te.Donotmisu nderstandme.Dangerisveryreal.Butfearisachoice.”Idocompletelyagreeth atfearsarejusttheproductofourluGuriantimagination.42.IfyouaresurroundedbyproblemsandcannotstopthinAingaboutthepast ,trytofocusonthepresentmoment.Manyofusareweigheddownbythepastor anGiousaboutthefuture.Youmayfeelguiltoveryourpast,butyouarepoisoni ngthepresentwiththethingsandcircumstancesyoucannotchange.Valuethe presentmomentandrememberhowfortunateyouaretobealive.Enjoythebe autyoftheworldaroundandAeeptheeyesopentoseethepossibilitiesbeforey ou.Happinessisnotapointoffutureandnotamomentfromthepast,butamind setthatcanbedesignedintothepresent.43..Sometimesitiscasytofeelbadbecauseyouaregoingthroughtoughtimes .Youcanbeeasilycaughtupbylifeproblemsthatyouforgettopauseandappre ciatethethingsyouhave.Onlystrongpeopleprefertosmileandvaluetheirlifei nsteadofcryingandcomplainingaboutsomething.44..Nomatterhowisolatedyoumightfeelandhowseriousthesituationis,you shouldalwaysrememberthatyouarenotalone.TrytoAeepinmindthatalmost everyonerespectsandwantstohelpyouifyouaretryingtomaAeagoodchang einyourlife,especiallyyourdearestandnearestpeople,Youmayhaveacircleof friendswhoprovideconstantgoodhumor,helpandcompanionship.Ifyouha venofriendsorrelatives.Trytoparticipateinseveralonlinecommunities,fullof peoplewhoarealwayswillingtoshareadviceandcncouragement.45.TodaymanypeoplefinditdifficulttotrusttheirownopinionandseeAbalan cebygainingobjectivityfromeGternalsources.Thiswayyoudevalueyouropin ionandshowthatyouareincapableofmanagingyourofownlife.Whenyouare strugglingtoachievesomethingimportantyoushouldbelieveinyourselfand besurethatyourdecisionisthebest.YouliveinyoursAin,thinAyourownthoug hts,haveyourownvaluesandmaAeyourownchoices.SectionⅢTranslation46.Directions:TranslatethefollowingteGtfromEnglishintoChinese.Writeyourtranslat iononANSWERSHEET2.(15points)ThinA aboutdrivingaroutethat’sveryfamiliar.Itcouldbeyourcommute toworA,atripintotownorthewayhome.Whicheveritis,youAnoweverytwista ndturnliAethebacA ofyourhand.Onthesesortsoftripsit’seasytoloseconce ntrationonthedrivingandpaylittleattentiontothepassingscenery.Theconse quenceisthatyouperceivethatthetriphastaAenlesstimethanitactuallyhas.Thisisthewell-travelledroadeffect:peopletendtounderestimatethetim eittaAestotravelafamiliarroute.Theeffectiscausedbythewayweallocateourattention.Whenwetraveldo wnawell-A nownroute,becausewedon’thavetoconcentratemuch,timese emstoflowmorequicAly.Andafterwards,whenwecometothinAbacAonit,w ecan’trememberthejourneywellbecausewedidn’tpaymuchattentiontoi t.Soweassumeitwasshorter.SectionⅣWritingPartA47.Direerions:Supposeyouruniversityisgoingtohostasummercampforhighschoolstu dents.Writeanoticeto1)brieflyintroducethecampactivities,and2)callforvolunteers.Youshouldwriteabout100wordsontheANSWERSHEET.Donotuseyournameorthenameofyouruniversity.Donotwriteyouraddress.(10points)PartB48.Directions:Writeanessaybasedonthefollowingchart.Inyourwriting,yourshould1)interpretthechart,and2)giveyourcomment.Youshouldwriteabout150wordsontheANSWERSHEET.参考答案1.signal2.Much3.plugged4.message5.behind6.misinterpreted7.judged8.unfamiliar9.anGious10.turn11.dangerous 12.hurt 13.Conversation 14.passengers 15.predict 16.ride 17.wentthrough 18.infact 19.since 20.simple21.DofferedgreaterrelaGationthantheworAplace22.Bchildlesshusbands23.Atheyarebothbreadwinnersandhousewives24.Cearnings25.Bdivisionoflaborathomeisseldomclear-cut26.Cmisseditsoriginalpurpose27.Atheproblemissolvable28.Careinneedoffinancialsupport29.DareineGperiencedinhandlingissuesatcollege30.Dcollegesarepartlyresponsiblefortheprobleminquestion31.Amoreemotional32.Csportsculture33.Dstrengthenemployeeloyalty34.AvoicesforworAingwomenompaniesfindittobefundamental36.Btheincreaseofvoluntarypart-timejobsannotgettheirhandsonfull-timejobs38.Bshowsageneraltendencyofdecline39.Bemploymentisnolongerapreconditiontogetinsurance40.AemploymentintheUS41.DMostofyourfearsareunreal42.EThinAabouttheresentmoment43.GTherearemanythingstobegratefulfor44.Ayouarenotalone45.CPaveyourownuniquepath46参考译文:想想看在一条非常熟悉的路上驾驶的感觉,这可能发生在上班,进城或回家的路上。

2015年考研英语二真题答案及解析

2015年考研英语二真题答案及解析

2015年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(二)答案详解SectionⅠUse of English文章分析本文主要就当前社会存在的一个现象进行分析——为什么现在的人不与周围的陌生人交流,而只专注于手机。

第一段提出现象。

第二段指出与陌生人交流其实大有裨益,只是我们不知道。

第三段提出全文要探讨的问题。

第四段给出原因之一——害怕。

第五段承接第四段继续分析,指出我们把手机视为保护毯,避免与陌生人交谈的尴尬。

第六段用一个实验证明其实与陌生人交谈并不是那么尴尬。

第七段对实验结果进行解释,因为人类的的发展源于社会联系。

试题解析In our contemporary culture,the prospect of communicating with—or even looking at—a stranger is virtually unbearable.Everyone around us seems to agree by the way they fiddle with their phones,even without a__1__on a subway.【译文】在当代文化中,与陌生人交流,甚至看一眼陌生人,都几乎难以忍受。

我们周围的每一个人似乎都同意这点,他们玩弄着手机,即使地铁上一点儿信号都没有。

1.[A]ticket车票[B]permit许可证[C]signal信号[D]record记录【答案】C【考点】词义辨析【直击答案】空格所在句意为:陌生人之间没有交流,大家都只关注自己的手机,即使地铁里没有________。

选项中,只有C项符合上下文语义,与phones和subway有关,因此signal正确。

【命题思路】本题四个选项语义不相关,所以只需要根据上下文确定所需填入的语义即可。

【干扰排除】其余三个选项带入原文都与句意不符,故排除。

It's a sad reality—our desire to avoid interacting with other human beings—because there's__2__to be gained from talking to the stranger standing by you.But you wouldn't know it,__3__into your phone.This universal protection sends the___4___:_“Please don't approach me.”【译文】这是个可悲的现实——我们希望避免与其他人交流——因为和身边的陌生人交流会带来诸多益处。

2015年考研英语(二)真题解析+答案[完整版]

2015年考研英语(二)真题解析+答案[完整版]

2015年考研英语(二)真题解析+答案[完整版]Directions:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)In our contemporary culture, the prospect of communicating with – or even looking at – a stranger is virtually unbearable. Everyone around us seems to agree by the way they cling to the phones, even without a __1__ on a subway.It’s a sad reality – our desire to avoid interacting with other human beings – because there’s __2__ to be gained from talking to the stranger standing by you. But you wouldn’t know it, __3__ into your phone. This universal protection sends the __4__:”Please don’t approach me.”What is it that makes us feel we need to hide __5__ our screens?One answer is fear, according to Jon Wortmann, an executive mental coach. We fear rejection, or that our innocent social advances will be __6__ as “weird.”We fear we’ll be __7__. We fear we’ll be disruptive.Strangers are inherently__8__to us, so we are more likely to feel__9__when communicating with them compared with our friends and acquaintances. To avoid this uneasiness, we_ 10_ to our phones.” Phones become our security blanket,”Wortmann says.” They are our happy glasses that protect us from what we perceive is going to be more __11___”But once we rip off the band-aid, tuck our smartphones in our pockets and look up, it doesn’t ___12___so bad. In one 2011 experiment, behavioral scientists Nicholas Epley and Juliana Schroeder asked commuters to do the unthinkable: Start a __13___. They had Chicago train commuters talk to their fellow __14___.”When Dr. Epley and Ms.Schroeder asked other people in the same train station to __15___how they would feel after talking to a stranger, the commuters thought their __16___ would be more pleasant if they sat on their own,” The New York Times summarizes. Though the participants didn’t expect a positive experience, after they __17__with the experiment,” not a single person reported having been embarrassed”__18__, these commutes were reportedly more enjoyable compared with those without communication, whichmakes absolute sense, ___19___human beings thrive off of social connections. It’s that ___20___: Talking to strangers can make you feel connected.选项及答案:1.[A]signal[B]permit [C]ticket [D]record2. [A]nothing [B]little [C]another[D]much3. [A]beaten [B]guided[C]plugged[D]brought4. [A]sign [B]code [C]notice [D]message5. [A]under [B]behind[C]beyond [D]from6. [A]misapplied [B]mismatched [C]misadjusted [D]misinterpreted7. [A]replaced [B]fired[C]judged[D]delayed8. [A]unreasonable [B]ungrateful [C]unconventional [D]unfamiliar9. [A]comfortable [B]confident[C]anxious [D]angry10. [A]attend [B]point [C]take[D]turn11.[A]dangerous[B]mysterious [C]violent [D]boring12. [A]hurt[B]resist [C]bend [D]decay13. [A]lecture [B]conversation[C]debate [D]negotiation14.[A]passengers[B]employees [C]researchers [D]trainees15. [A]reveal [B]choose[C]predict[D]design16. [A]voyage [B]ride[C]walk [D]flight17.[A]went through [B]did away [C]caught up [D]put up18. [A]In turn[B]In fact[C]In particular [D]In consequence19. [A]unless[B]since[C]if [D]whereas20. [A]funny [B]logical [C]simple[D]rare[page]原文及答案:While the subway's arrival may be ambiguous, one thing about your commute is certain: No one wants to talk to each other. In our contemporary culture, the prospect of communicating with -- or even looking at -- a stranger is virtually unbearable. Everyone around us seems to agree by the way they fiddle with their phones, even without a 1 signal underground.It's a sad reality -- our desire to avoid interacting with other human beings -- because there's 2 much to be gained from talking to the stranger standing by you. But you wouldn't know it,3 plugged into your phone. This universal armor sends the 4 message: 'Please don't approach me.'What is it that makes us feel we need to hide 5 behind our screens?One answer is fear, according to Jon Wortmann, executive mental coach and author of 'Hijacked by Your Brain: How to Free Yourself When Stress Takes Over.' We fear rejection, or that our innocent social advances will be 6 misinterpreted as 'creepy,' he told The Huffington Post. We fear we'll be 7 judged. We fear we'll be disruptive.Strangers are inherently8 unfamiliar to us, so we are more likely to feel 9 anxious when communicating with them compared with our friends and acquaintances. To avoid this anxiety, we 10 turn to our phones. 'Phones become our security blanket,' Wortmann says. 'They are our happy glasses that protect us from what we perceive is going to be more 11 dangerous.'But once we rip off the bandaid, tuck our smartphones in our pockets and look up, it doesn't12 hurt so bad. In one 2011 experiment, behavioral scientists Nicholas Epley and Juliana Schroeder asked commuters to do the unthinkable: Start a 13 conversation. The duo had Chicago train commuters talk to their fellow14 passengers. 'When Dr. Epley and Ms. Schroeder asked other people in the same train station to15 predict how they would feel after talking to a stranger, the commuters thought their16 ride would be more pleasant if they sat on their own,' the New York Times summarizes. Though the participants didn't expect a positive experience, after they17 went through with the experiment, 'not a single person reported having been snubbed.'18 In fact, these commutes were reportedly more enjoyable compared with those sans communication, which makes absolute sense, 19 since human beings thrive off of social connections. It's that 20 simple: Talking to strangers can make you feel connected. The train ride is a fortuity for social connection -- 'the stuff of life,' Wortmann says. Even seemingly trivial interactions can boost mood and increase the sense of belonging. A study similar in hypothesis to Eplyand Schroder's published in Social Psychological & Personality Science asked participants to smile, make eye contact and chatwith their cashier. Those who engaged with the cashier experienced better moods -- and even reported a better shopping experience than those who avoided superfluous conversation.分析:文章节选自2014.5.16 赫芬顿邮报,难度与2014/2013持平,明显比模考时的文章容易。

2015年考研英语二真题(完美打印版)

2015年考研英语二真题(完美打印版)

2015年考研英语二真题Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1(10 points).In our contemporary culture,the prospect of communicating with-or even looking at-a stranger is virtually unbearable.Everyone around us seems to agree by the way they fiddle with their phones,even without a __1__ on a subway.It’s a sad reality –our desire to avoid interacting with othe r human beings –because there’s__2__ to be gained from talking to the stranger standing by you. But you wouldn’t know it, __3__ i nto your phone. This universal protection sends the __4__:”Please don ’t approach me.”What is it that makes us feel we need to hide 5 our screens?One answer is fear, according to Jon Wortmann, an executive mental coach. We fear rejection, or that our innocent social advances will be __6__ as “weird.”We fear we’ll be __7__. We fearwe’ll be disruptive.Strangers are inherently__8__to us, so we are more likely to fee l__9__when communicating with them compared with our friends and acqua intances. To avoid this uneasiness, we_ 10_ to our phones.”Phones become our security blanket,”Wortmann says.”They are our happy glasses that protect us from what we perceive is going to be more __11___”But once we rip off the band-aid, tuck our smartphones in our p ockets and look up, it doesn’t_12_so bad. In one 2011 experiment, behavioral scientists Nicholas Epley and Juliana Schroeder asked comm uters to do the unthinkable: Start a _13_. They had Chicago train c ommuters talk totheir fellow _14_.”When Dr. Epley and Ms.Schroeder asked other people in the same train station to_15_how they would feel after talking to a stranger, the commuters thought their _16_ would be more pleasa nt if they sat on their own,” The New York Times summarizes. Tho ugh the participants didn’t expect a positive experience, after t hey __17__with the experiment,”not a single person reported having been embarrassed”.___18____, these commutes were reportedly more enjoyable compared w ith those without communication, whichmakes absolute sense, _19_human b eings thrive off of social connections. It’s that ___20___: Talking to strangers can make you feel connected.1. [A]signal [B]permit [C]ticket [D]record2. [A]nothing [B ]little [C]another [D]much3. [A]beaten [B]guided [C]plugged [D]brought4. [A]sign [B]code[C]notice [D]message5. [A]under [B]behind [C]beyond [D]from6. [A]misapplied [B]mismatched [C]misadjusted [D]misinterpreted7. [A]replaced [B]fired [C]judged [D]delayed8. [A]unreasonable [B]ungrateful [C]unconventional [D]unfamiliar9. [A]comfortable [B]confident [C]anxious [D]angry 10. [A]attend[B]point [C]take [D]turn11. [A]dangerous [B]mysterious [C]violent [D]boring 12. [A]hurt[B]resist [C]bend [D]decay13. [A]lecture [B]conversation [C]debate [D]negotiation14. [A]passengers [B]employees [C]researchers [D]trainees15. [A]reveal [B]choose [C]predict [D]design 16. [A]voyage[B]ride [C]walk [D]flight17. [A]went through [B]did away [C]caught up [D]put up18. [A]In turn [B]In fact [C]In particular [D]In consequence19. [A]unless [B]since [C]if [D]whereas 20. [A]funny [B]logical [C]simple [D]rareSection II Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SH EET. (40 points)Text1A new study suggests that contrary to most surveys, people are actually morestressed at home that at work. Researchers measured people's cortisol, which isa stress marker, while they were at word and while they were at home and found it higher at what is supposed to be a place of refuge.Further contradicting conventional wisdom, we found that women as well as me n have lower levels of stress at work than at home,writes one of the researche rs,Sarah Damaske. In fact women say they feel better at work. She notes. it is men not women. Who report being bappicr at home than at work, Another surpri se is that the findings hold true for both those with childrcn and without, bu t more so for nonparents. This is why pcoplc who work outside the home have b etter health.What the study doesnt measure is whether people are still doing work when th ey're at home, whether it is household work or work brought home from the off ice. For many men, the end of the workday is a time to kick back. For women who stay home, they never get to leave the office. And for women who work outside the home, they often are playing catch-up-with-household tasks. With t he blurring of roles, and the fact that the home front lags well behind the w orkplace in making adjustments for working women, it's not surprising that women are more stressed at home.But it's not just a gender thing. At work, people pretty much know what the y're supposed to be doing to be doing: wording, making money, doing the tasks they have to do in order to draw an income. The bargain is very pure: Employee puts in hours of physical or mental labor and employee draws out life-sust aining moola.On the home front, however, people have no such clarity. Rare is the househo ld in which the division of labor is so clinically and methodically laid out. There are a lot of tasks to be done, there are inadequate rewards for most of them. Your home colleagues--your family-have no clear rewards for their labor; they need to be talked into is, of if they're teenagers, threatened with comple te removal of all electronic devices. Plus, they’re teenagers, threatened w ith complete removal of all electronic devices. Plus, they're your family. Youcannot fire your family. You never really get to go home from home.So it's not surprising that people are more stressed at home. Not only a re the tasks apparently infinite, the co-workers are much harder to motivate.21.According to Pa ragraph 1most previous su rveys found that home[A]was an un realistic place for relaxation[B]generated more stress than the workplace[C]was an ideal place for stress measurement[D]offered greater relaxation than the workplace22.According to Damaske,who are likely to be the happiest at home?[A]Working mothers [B]Childless husbands [C] Childless wives [D]Working father s23.The blurring of working womens roles refers to the fact that[A]they are both bread winners and housewives[B]their home is also a place for kicking back[C]there is often much housework left behind[D]it is difficult for them to leave their office24.The wordmoola(Line 4,4)most probably means[A]energy [B]skills [C]earnings [D]nutrition25.The home front differs from the workplace in that[A]home is hardly a cozier working environment[B]division of labor at home is seldom clear-cut[C]household tasks are generally more motivating[D]family labor is often adequately rewardedText 2For years, studies have found that first-generation college students-those who do not have a parent with a college degree-lag other students on a range of education achievement factors. Their grades are lower and their dropout rates are higher. But since such students are most likely to advance economically if they succeed in higher education, colleges and universities have pushed for decades to recruit more of them. This has created a dox in that recruiting first-generation students, but then watching many of them fail, means that higher education has continued to reproduce and widen, rather than close achievement gap based on social class, according to the depressing beginning of a paper forthcoming in the journal Psychological Sciense.But the article is actually quite optimistic, as it outlines a potential solution to thisproblem, suggesting that an approach(which involves a one-hour, next-to-no-cost program) can close 63 percent of the achievement gap(measured by such factors as grades)between first-generation and other students.The authors of the paper are from different universities, and their findings are based ona study involving 147 students (who completed the project) at an unnamed private university. First generation was defined as not having a parent with a four-year college degree. Most of the first-generation students (59.1 percent) were recipients of Pell Grants, a federal grant for undergraduates with financial need, while this was true only for 8.6 percent of the students withat least one parent with a four-year degree.Their thesis-that a relatively modest intervention could have a big impact-was based on the view that first-generation students may be most lacking not in potential but in practical knowledge about how to deal with the issues that face most college students. They cite past research by several authors to show that this is the gap that must be narrowed to close the achievement gap.Many first-generation students "struggle to navigate the middle-class culture of higher education, learn the 'rules of the game,' and take advantage of colleges resources,” they write, And this becomes more of a problem when colleges don't talk about the class advantages and disadvantages of different groups of students."Because US colleges and universities seldom acknowledge how social class can affect students' educational experiences, many first-generation students lack insight about why they are struggling and do not understand how students "like them' can improve."26. Recruiting more first-generation students has .[A] reduced their dropout rates [B] narrowed the achievement gap[C] depressed college students [D] missed its original purpose27. The authors of the research article are optimistic because .[A] their findings appeal to students [B] the recruiting rate has increased[C] the problem is solvable [D] their approach is costless28. The study suggests that most first-generation students .[A] study at private universities [B] are from single-parent families[C] are in need of financial support [D] have failed their college29. The authors of the paper believe that first-generation students .[A] are actually indifferent to the achievement gap[B] can have a potential influence on other students[C] may lack opportunities to apply for research projects[D] are inexperienced in handling their issues at college30. We may infer from the last paragraph that .[A] universities often reject the culture of the middle-class[B] colleges are partly responsible for the problem in question[C] social class greatly helps enrich educational experiences[D] students are usually to blame for their lack of resourcesText3Even in traditional offices, “the lingua franca of corporate America has gotten much more emotional and much more right-brained than it was 20 years ago,” said Harvard Business Schoolprofessor Nancy Koehn. She started spinning off examples. “If you and I parachuted back to Fortune 500 companies in 1990, we would see much less frequent use of terms like journey, mission, passion. There were goals, there were strategies, there were objectives, but we didn’t talk a bout energy; we didn’t talk about passion.”Koehn pointed out that this new era of corporate vocabulary is very “team”-oriented—and not by coincidence. “Let’s not forget sports—in male-dominated corporate America, it’s stilla big deal. It’s not explicitly conscious; it’s the idea that I’m a coach, and you’re my team, and we’re in this together. There are lots and lots of CEOs in very different companies, but most think ofthemselves as coaches and this is their team and they want to win.” These terms are also intended to infuse work with meaning—and, as Khurana points out, increase allegianceto the firm. “You have the importation of terminology that historically used to be associated with non-profit organizations and religious organizations: Terms like vision, values, passion, and purpose,” said Khurana.This new focus on personal fulfillment can help keep employees motivated amid increasingly loud debates over work-life balance. The “mommy wars” of the 1990s are still going on today, prompting argume nts about why women still can’t have it all and books like Sheryl Sandberg’s Lean In, whose title has become a buzzword in its own right. Terms like unplug, offline, life-hack, bandwidth, and capacity are all about setting boundaries between the office and the home. Butif your work is your “passion,” you’ll be more likely to devote yourself to it, even if that means going home for dinner and then working long after the kids are in bed. But this seems tobe the irony of office speak: Everyone makes fun of it, but managers love it, companies dependon it, and regular people willingly absorb it. As Nunberg said, “You can get people to think it’s nonsense at the same time that you buy into it.” In a workplace that’s fundamentally indifferent to your life and its meaning, office speak can help you figure out how you relateto your work—and how your work defines who you are.31. According to Nancy Koehn, office language has become_______.[A]more objective [B]less energetic [C]more emotional [D]less strategic32."Team"-oriented corporate vocabulary is closely related to_______.[A]sports culture [B]gender difference [C]historical incidents [D]athletic executives33. Khurana believes that the importation of terminology aims to______.[A]promote company image [B]strengthen employee loyalty[C]foster corporate cooperation [D]revive historical terms34. It can be inferred that Lean In______.[A]voices for working women [B]appeals to passionate workaholics[C]triggers debates among mommies [D]praises motivated employees35. Which of the following statements is true about office speak?[A]Managers admire it but avoid it. [B]Linguists believe it to be nonsense. [C]Companies findit to be fundamental. [D]Regular people mock it but accept it.Text 4Many people talked of the 288,000 new jobs the Labor Department reported for June, along with the drop in the unemployment rate to 6.1 percent, as good news. And they were right. For now it appears the economy is creating jobs at a least we are now finally moving forward at afaster pace.However, there is another important part of the jobs picture that was largely overlooked. There was a big jump in the number of people who report voluntarily working part-time. This figureis now 830,000(4.4 percent) above its year ago level.Before explaining the connection to the Obamacare, it is worth making an important distinction. Many people who work part-time jobs actually want full-time jobs. They take part-time work because this is all they can get. An increase in involuntary part-time work is evidence of weakness in the labor market and it means that many people will be having a very hard time making ends meet.There was an increase in involuntary part-time in June, but the general direction has been down. Involuntary part-time employment is still far higher than before the recession, but it is down by 640,000(7.9 percent) from its year ago level.We know the difference between voluntary and involuntary part-time employment because people tell us. The survey used by the Labor Department asks people if they worked less than 35 hours in the reference week. If the answer is “yes”, they are classified as worki ng part-time. The survey then asks whether they worked less than 35 hours in that week because they wanted to work less than full time or because they had no choice. They are only classified as voluntarypart-time workers if they tell the survey taker they chose to work less than 35 hours a week.The issue of voluntary part-time relates to Obamacare because one of the main purposes wasto allow people to get insurance outside of employment. For many people, especially those with serious health conditions or family members with serious health conditions, before Obamacare the only way to get insurance was through a job that provided health insurance.However, Obamacare has allowed more than 12 million people to either get insurance through Medicaid or the exchanges. These are people who may previously have felt the need to get a full-timejob that provided insurance in order to cover themselves and their families. With Obamacare thereis no longer a link between employment and insurance.36. Which part of the jobs picture was neglected?[A]The prospect of a thriving job market. [B]The increase of voluntary part-time jobs.[C]The possibility of full employment. [D]The acceleration of job creation.37. Many people work part-time because they ____.[A]Fell that is enough to make ends meet [B]Cannot get their hands on full-time jobs [C]Haven’t seen the weakness of the market [D]Prefer part-time jobs to full-time jobs 38. Involuntary part-time employment in the US______.[A]Shows a general tendency of decline [B]Is harder to acquire than one year ago[C]Satisfies the real need of the jobless [D]Is lower than before the recession39. It can be learned that with Obamacare, ___ .[A]It is no longer easy for part-timers to get insurance[B]Employment is no longer a precondition to get insurance[C]It is still challenging to get insurance for family members[D]Full-time employment is still essential for insurance40. The text mainly discusses_______.[A]Obamacare’s trouble [B]Part-timer classification[C]Insurance through Medicaid [D]Employment in the USPart BDirections: Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each numbered paragraph (41-45).There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A]You are not alone [B]Don’t fear responsibility for your life [C]Pave your own unique path [D]Most of your fears are unreal[E]Think about the present moment [F]Experience helps you grow[G]There are many things to be grateful forSome Old Truths to Help You Overcome Tough TimesUnfortunately, life is not a bed of roses, We are going though life facing sad experiences. Moreover, we are grieving various kinds of loss: a friendship, a romantic relationship or a house . Hard times may hold you down at what usually seems like the most inopportune time, but you should remember that they won’t last forever.When our time of mourning is over, we press forward, stronger with a greater understanding and respect for life. Furthermore, these losses make us mature and eventually move us toward future opportunities for growth and happiness. I want to share these old truths I’ve learned along the way.41.Fear is both useful and harmful. This normal human reaction is used to protect us by signaling danger and preparing us to deal with it. Unfortunately, people create inner barriers with a helpof exaggerating fears. My favorite actor Will Smith once said, “Fear is not real. It is a productof thought s you create. Do not misunderstand me. Danger is very real. But fear is a choice. ”I do completely agree the fears are just the product of our luxuriant imagination. 42.If you are surrounded by problems and cannot stop thinking about the past, try focus onthe present moment. Many of us are weighed down by the past or anxious about the future. You mayfeel guilt over your past, but you are poisoning the present with the things and circumstancesyou cannot change. Value the present moment and remember how fortunate you are to be alive. Enjoythe beauty of the world around and keep the eyes open to see the possibilities before you. Happinessis not a point of future and not a moment from the past, but a mindset that can be designed intothe present.43.Sometimes it is easy to feel bad because you are going through tough times. You can be easily caught up by life problems that you forget to pause and appreciate the things you have. Only strong people prefer to smile and value their life instead of crying and complaining about something.44.No matter how isolated you might feel and how serious the situation is, you should always remember that you are not alone. Try to keep in mind that almost everyone respects and wants to help you if you are trying to make a good change in your life. Especially your dearest and nearest people. You may have a circle of friends who provide constant good humor, help and companionship.If you have no friends or relatives, try to participate in several online communities, full ofpeople who are always willing to share advice and encouragement.45.Today many people find it difficult to trust their own opinion and seek balance by gaining objectivity from external sources. This way you devalue your opinion and show that you are incapable of managing your own life. When you are struggling to achieve something important you should believe in yourself and be sure that your decision is the best. You live in your skin, think your own thoughts, have your own values and make your own choices.Section Ⅲ Translation46. Translate the following text from English into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)Think about driving a route that’s very familiar. It could be your commute to work, a trip into town or the way home. Whichever it is, you know every twist and turn like the back of your hand. On these sorts of trips it’s easy to lose concentration on the driving and pay little attention to the passing scenery. The consequence is that you perceive that the trip has taken less time than it actually has.This is the well-travelled road effect: people tend to underestimate the time it takes to travel a familiar route.The effect is caused by the way we allocate our attention. When we travel down a well-known route, because we don’t have to concentrate much, time seems to flow more quickly. And afterwards, when we come to think back on it, we can’t remember the journey well because we didn’t pay much attention to it. So we assume it was shorter.Section IV WritingPart A47. Directions: Suppose your university is going to host a summer camp for high school students. Write a notice to1) briefly introduce the camp activities, and2) call for volunteers.You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEETDo not use your name or the name of your university.Do not write your address. (10 分)Part B48. Write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should1)interpret the chart, and2)give your comment.You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET.。

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全卷模式分大题显示全卷总分100.0分201411587得分是:100.0分答卷时间:14分钟1.Exercise 1: Listening for Specific Facts: Listen to the passage and decide whether the following statements are true or false, write T for true, F for false.Experts Debate Merits of Spending to Boost US EconomyThe president-elect said only government can provide the short-term boost necessary to lift the economy out of deep recession. In a January 10 radio address, Mr. Obama said his plan to inject billions of dollars into the economy will create from three to four million new jobs over two years."90 percent of these jobs will be created in the private sector. The remaining 10 percent are mainly public sector jobs we save, like the teachers, police officers, firefighters and others who provide vital services to our communities," he said.The Obama stimulus plan will be a combination of government spending and tax cuts, proposals that will soon be debated in congress. A year ago the Bush administration and Congress implemented a much smaller $168 billion stimulus that did boost economic growth for a short time, before the economy resumed the slide that began in December 2007. That first stimulus plan, combined with big spending on wars in Iraq and Afghanistan has pushed the government budget into deep deficit. Even before the planned Obama stimulus, the U.S. government was projected to be incurring a $1.2 trillion-dollar deficit in the current fiscal year. That is an amount equal to eight percent of economic output. Kevin Hasset, a scholar at the American Enterprise Institute, believes government spending is out of control."The deficit next year, if we pass the Obama stimulus plan, will be larger than the size of government when Bush was elected, in nominal dollar terms," he said.Martin Baily, chief economist to former President Bill Clinton, worries whether foreigners will continue to buy the Treasury debt needed to fund the rapidly growing government deficit."I think that is a danger. I said at the beginning of my comments that it is quite uncertain where the economy is going. It is possible that it will turn around more quickly and strongly than, say, the current [Bush] administration's economic advisors think it will. In which case, the Fed [central bank] will be, you know, as scrambling like crazy. There's a sort of rein back in some of this money that it has put out there," said Baily.At a conference about the stimulus plan on Monday, speakers including Hassett andBaily, expressed concern about the eventual inflationary impact of both greatly increased government spending and rapid increases in the money supply. Most economists, however, agree that the unprecedented severity of the credit squeeze and global slowdown requires extraordinary measures to maintain consumer purchasing power.题目:1.According to Obama' plan, 90 percent of these jobs will be created in the private sector. The remaining 10 percent will be in the public sector.文本:你的答案:T正确答案:T得分:6.00题目:2.Bush administration and Congress implemented a much smaller $168 billion stimulus that did boost economic growth for a short time.文本:你的答案:T正确答案:T得分:6.00题目:3.Kevin Hasset, a scholar at the American Enterprise Institute, believes Obama's plan will be effective.文本:你的答案:F正确答案:F得分:6.00题目:4.Most economists agree that the unprecedented severity of the credit squeeze and global slowdown requires extraordinary measures to maintain consumer purchasing power.文本:你的答案:T正确答案:T得分:6.002.Exercise 2: Listening for Comprehensive Understanding: Listen to the passage and answer the following questions by filling the blank.Experts Debate Merits of Spending to Boost US EconomyThe president-elect said only government can provide the short-term boost necessary to lift the economy out of deep recession. In a January 10 radio address, Mr. Obama said his plan to inject billions of dollars into the economy will create from three to four million new jobs over two years."90 percent of these jobs will be created in the private sector. The remaining 10 percent are mainly public sector jobs we save, like the teachers, police officers, firefighters and others who provide vital services to our communities," he said.The Obama stimulus plan will be a combination of government spending and tax cuts, proposals that will soon be debated in congress. A year ago the Bush administration and Congress implemented a much smaller $168 billion stimulus that did boost economic growth for a short time, before the economy resumed the slide that began in December 2007. That first stimulus plan, combined with big spending on wars in Iraq and Afghanistan has pushed the government budget into deep deficit. Even before the planned Obama stimulus, the U.S. government was projected to be incurring a $1.2 trillion-dollar deficit in the current fiscal year. That is an amount equal to eight percent of economic output. Kevin Hasset, a scholar at the American Enterprise Institute, believes government spending is out of control."The deficit next year, if we pass the Obama stimulus plan, will be larger than the size of government when Bush was elected, in nominal dollar terms," he said.Martin Baily, chief economist to former President Bill Clinton, worries whether foreigners will continue to buy the Treasury debt needed to fund the rapidly growing government deficit."I think that is a danger. I said at the beginning of my comments that it is quite uncertain where the economy is going. It is possible that it will turn around more quickly and strongly than, say, the current [Bush] administration's economic advisors think it will. In which case, the Fed [central bank] will be, you know, as scrambling like crazy. There's a sort of rein back in some of this money that it has put out there," said Baily.At a conference about the stimulus plan on Monday, speakers including Hassett and Baily, expressed concern about the eventual inflationary impact of both greatly increased government spending and rapid increases in the money supply. Most economists, however, agree that the unprecedented severity of the credit squeeze and global slowdown requires extraordinary measures to maintain consumer purchasing power.题目:1.What's Obama's plan? Obama's plan is to inject ____________ into the economy to create three to four million new jobs over two years. The Obama stimulus plan will be a combination of government spending and tax cuts.文本:你的答案:billions of dollars正确答案:billions of dollars得分:6.00题目:2.What's the outcome of Bush's stimulus plan? Bush's stimulus plan did boost ___________ for a short time, but it also pushed the government budget into deep deficit.文本:你的答案:economic growth正确答案:economic growth得分:6.00题目:3.What are Martin Baily's worries? Martin Baily worries whether foreigners will continue to buy the Treasury debt needed to _________ the rapidly growing government deficit.文本:你的答案:fund正确答案:fund得分:6.003.Exercise 3: Focus-listening: Listen to the passage, and fill in the blanks with the missing information.The Obama ____1____ _____2___ will be a combination of government spending and tax cuts, proposals that will soon be debated in _____3___. A year ago the Bush administration and Congress implemented a much smaller $168 billion stimulus thatdid ____4____ economic growth for a short time, before theeconomy ____5____ _______6___ _______7___ that began in December 2007. That first stimulus plan, combined with big spending on wars in Iraq and Afghanistan has pushed the government ___8__ into deep deficit. Even before the planned Obama stimulus, the U.S. government was projected to be incurring a $1.2 trillion deficit inthe ______9____ _______10_____ ______11______. That is an amount equal to eight percent of economic output. Kevin Hasset, a scholar at the American Enterprise Institute, believes government spending is out of control.题目:1.文本:Experts Debate Merits of Spending to Boost US EconomyThe president-elect said only government can provide the short-term boost necessary to lift the economy out of deep recession. In a January 10 radio address, Mr. Obama said his plan to inject billions of dollars into the economy will create from three to four million new jobs over two years."90 percent of these jobs will be created in the private sector. The remaining 10 percent are mainly public sector jobs we save, like the teachers, police officers, firefighters and others who provide vital services to our communities," he said.The Obama stimulus plan will be a combination of government spending and tax cuts, proposals that will soon be debated in congress. A year ago the Bush administration and Congress implemented a much smaller $168 billion stimulus that did boost economic growth for a short time, before the economy resumed the slide that began in December 2007. That first stimulus plan, combined with big spending on wars in Iraq and Afghanistan has pushed the government budget into deep deficit. Even before the planned Obama stimulus, the U.S. government was projected to be incurring a $1.2 trillion-dollar deficit in the current fiscal year. That is an amount equal to eight percent of economic output. Kevin Hasset, a scholar at the American Enterprise Institute, believes government spending is out of control."The deficit next year, if we pass the Obama stimulus plan, will be larger than the size of government when Bush was elected, in nominal dollar terms," he said.Martin Baily, chief economist to former President Bill Clinton, worries whether foreigners will continue to buy the Treasury debt needed to fund the rapidly growing government"I think that is a danger. I said at the beginning of my comments that it is quite uncertain where the economy is going. It is possible that it will turn around more quickly and strongly than, say, the current [Bush] administration's economic advisors think it will. In which case, the Fed [central bank] will be, you know, as scrambling like crazy. There's a sort of rein back in some of this money that it has put out there," said Baily.At a conference about the stimulus plan on Monday, speakers including Hassett and Baily, expressed concern about the eventual inflationary impact of both greatly increased government spending and rapid increases in the money supply. Most economists, however, agree that the unprecedented severity of the credit squeeze and global slowdown requires extraordinary measures to maintain consumer purchasing power.你的答案:stimulus正确答案:stimulus得分:6.00题目:2.文本:你的答案:plan正确答案:plan得分:5.00题目:3.文本:你的答案:congress正确答案:Congress得分:5.00题目:4.文本:你的答案:boostboost得分:5.00题目:5.文本:你的答案: resumed 正确答案: resumed 得分:5.00题目:6.文本:你的答案: the正确答案: the得分:5.00题目:7.文本:你的答案: slide正确答案: slide得分:5.00题目:8.文本:你的答案: budget正确答案: budget得分:5.00题目:9.你的答案: current正确答案: current得分:5.00题目:10.文本:你的答案: fiscal正确答案: fiscal得分:6.00题目:11.文本:你的答案: year正确答案: year得分:6.00。

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