高二虚拟语气用法讲解(ppt)

主 句
主语 + would/ should/could/ might +do 主语 + would/ should/could/ might have done
If + 主语 + did (be用 were) If + 主语 + had done
与过 去事实 相反的 假设
时态
构 主从 成句 虚拟条件从句(if…)
Had I had time, I would have gone to see the film. =If I had had time, I would have gone to see the film. 五 在虚拟语气的条件从句中，可以省略if ，但要 把状语从句变成一般疑问句语序。 ____ C today, he would get there on Friday. A.Was he leaving B.C. Were he to leave B. If he leaves D. If he is leaving
条件句表示主句的条件,分真实条
件句 和虚拟条件句 两种。
a. 真实条件句 表示条件是真的或有可 能实现的, 采用陈述语气。 b. 虚拟条件句 表示条件是无法实现或 几乎无法实现的, 采用虚拟语气。
一、用法归纳: 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法
主从 虚拟条件 成 句 从句(if …) 时态 与现 在事实 相反的 假设 构
与过去事实相反，宾语从句的谓语动词用过去完 成时。
九、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用
(1）* wish + 宾语从句 1)I wish I were a doctor. 与现在事实相反，宾语从句的谓语动词用过去时。 2) I wish I should go abroad next year. 与将来事实相反，宾语从句的谓语动词用should, would, could, might + 动词原形。 3)3) I wish I had seen the football match.
1)She talked about America as if he had been born there. 2) He sings as though he were a singer. 八、由as if或as though引导的状语从句，其谓语 动词用过去式或had + 动词的过去分词。
A an Italian. 1) He appears as though he ____ A. were B. was C. has been D. be D there yesterday. 2) It seems as if he ____ A. was B. were C. has been D. had been
主 句 主语 + would/ should/ could/ might do
与将 来情况 相反的 假设
①If + 主语 + did ② If + 主语 +were to do ③ If + 主语 + should do
二 虚拟语气在条件从句中的应用
1）与现在事实相反 过去时 从句谓语： would, should, could, might +动词原 主句谓语： 形 If I had a lot of money I would buy a villa If I were you, I would go there. 注意：在虚拟语气中，只能用were，不能用was.
三 与将来事实相反
从句谓语：
1）过去时 2）should + 动词原形 3) were to + 动词原形
主句谓语：
would, should, could, might +动词原形
1)If it were Sunday tomorrow, I should go to see a film.
2) If he should have time next Sunday, he would go to visit the Great Wall. 3) If I were to be twenty next year, I could take the course.
七 有时虚拟条件从句与主句的时间不一致， 出现混合虚拟语气结构。
1)If he had followed the doctor’s advice, he would be well. 2) If I were you I would not have gone to see the film yesterday. 在混合虚拟语气结构中，从句表示的动作与主句 表示的动作的时间不一致，这时主、从句谓语动 词的形式要根据它们发生的时间进行调整。
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四 与过去事实相反
从句谓语： had + 动词的过去分词
主句谓语：
would, should, could, might + have + 动词的过去分词
If he had come earlier, he would have seen her. If he had driven more carefully, he would not have had the car accident yesterday
六 有时虚拟语气的条件从句不用if引导，而用but for, without, if only, otherwise等词。 1) But for your help, I couldn’t have made such great progress in English. 2) Without air, we couldn’t live. 以but for, without开头的句子，谓语动词的形式 和if的主句的一致。 3)3) If only the weather were fine. 以If only开头的句子，谓语动词的形式和if从句的 一致。 4)4) I had been there by taxi, otherwise I would have missed the train. 主、从句的谓语动词的形式都和if从句相一致。