记叙文阅读专题
2024年中考语文记述文阅读题答题模板及例题引领(全国)专题13 记叙文段落能否删去分析(解析版)

记叙文段落能否删去分析记叙文是以记叙、描写为主要表达方式,以记人、叙事、写景、状物为主要内容的文章。
中学阶段,为了教学的方便,常常把消息、通讯、人物传记、回忆录、寓言、童话、小说等,都划归到记叙文教学中。
记叙的顺序一般可分为顺叙、倒叙、插叙、补叙、分叙五种。
顺叙是指按照事件发展的时间先后次序来叙述。
倒叙,是根据表达的需要,把事件的结局或某个最突出的片段提在前边叙述,然后再从事件的开头按原来的发展顺序进行叙述。
插叙,是在叙述中心事件的过程中,为了帮助展开情节或刻画人物,暂时中断叙述的线索,插入一段与主要情节相关的内容,然后再接着叙述原来的内容。
补叙,也叫追叙,是行文中用两三句话或一小段话对前边说的人或事作一些简单的补充交代。
分叙,分叙的作用是把头绪纷繁、错综复杂的事情,写得眉目清楚,有条不紊。
1、第X段文字能否删除?为什么?(1)①不能。
②理由:该段在结构上与上下文的关系是XX,在内容上与上下文有着X X 的联系。
③所以不能删去。
(视具体情况也可加上“如果删去,则XX”)(2)①能。
②理由:文章内容写的是XX,本段内容写的是X X,与文章内容联系不大(无关)/文章所要表现的主题思想(情感)是XX,而本段体现的是XX;③去掉后行文更简洁,内容更集中/本段内容表达的主题与文章主题思想(情感)无关(相悖);④所以可以/应该删去。
2.XX几个段落能否颠倒?(1)不能颠倒。
①因为这些段落是采用XX(顺叙、倒叙、插叙)的记叙顺序。
②再答该记叙顺序在文中的作用。
(2)不能颠倒。
①与人们认识事物的规律(由浅入深、由表入里、由现象到本质)不一致。
②这些段落与上下文的总起句或概括句是一一对应的关系。
③这些段落是顺承或递进关系,环环相扣。
阅读下面的文章,作答问题。
人桥王斌①“糟糕!前头的路垮了。
”刚刚拐过弯,走在队伍最前头的两个消防队员——张小龙和赵波就几乎同时叫了起来。
的确,就在前方七八米远的地方,这条前天才开辟出来的山路,连同路边的十多根玉米,都已经从一个五六米长的豁口垮塌下去了。
初中语文记叙文阅读专题训练题20套(带答案)及解析

初中语文记叙文阅读专题训练题20套(带答案)及解析一、中考语文记叙文阅读专题训练1.文学作品阅读鳝孔曾庆升①久旱不雨,村子像个火炉。
②田二闷闷地吃罢晚饭,静静地吸完一袋旱烟,又往肚里灌过半壶水,并严严地给两个儿子一番嘱咐,自己才扛上锄头去田边转悠。
③夜幕拉下,田二的两个儿子奉命拿了棍棒,在自家院子矮墙边潜下身来。
④这园子是田二和谢芳家的菜地。
早先没有矮栅,两家菜地间是一条窄窄的土沟。
苗儿不分界地长,常有田家整地不小心损了谢家的苗,谢家占了田家的沟。
于是几次脸红争执,两家积下怨来。
再后来,便垒起这矮墙。
现在田家园里种着冬瓜,谢家园里种着南瓜,瓜藤仍不分界地长。
南瓜爬到冬瓜园,冬瓜爬向南瓜园。
开始,两家都细心捡摆自家的瓜藤,不让爬过矮墙,可后来园田里工夫紧,便失去了那份细心。
瓜藤长势旺,便越过墙来,在田家园里结了两个脚盆大的鲜红的南瓜。
田二昨天上自家园子摘冬瓜时,有了这意外发现,便特地扒开杂草,让南瓜露着,他料定谢家发现后,会爬过来摘瓜,好趁机給谢家一个难堪。
今晨,田二发现谢芳上园子时瞅见了这瓜,估计谢家晚上会有“行动”,特派两个儿子看守,好痛痛快快地抓次“偷瓜贼”。
⑤再说田二出了家门,便在村中樟树下的石板上呆坐着。
旱烟抽了一锅又一锅,他手里的旱烟“喇叭”,连着田里卷筒的禾叶,以及揪得疼痛的心都在一同冒烟。
⑥田二与谢芳家的稻田也紧挨着,只是田家的稻田挨着南面的山,谢家的稻田靠着北面的河。
昔日两家稻田都用山塘水灌溉,可今年大旱,山塘干涸,渠道枯竭,得各自找水。
谢家稻田靠河,得天独厚,可从河里抽水;田家精田挨山,只能靠老天。
田二抬头望望夜空,没一丝下雨的迹象。
谢芳田边抽水机“突突突”地响,白花花的河水提上岸来,滋润着谢家的禾苗,田二心里难受极了。
要救活田家禾苗,必须通过谢家稻田引河水灌溉,否则将白费一年辛劳,颗粒无收!田二去找谢芳说情吧,说不定谢芳也会给他难堪。
田二性子耿,宁愿饿一年肚皮也不受那个屈。
他坐在樟树下的石头上抽闷烟,心里抱怨说:老天爷可是要存心惩处我呀!……直到后半夜,空气爽润了许多,田二才站起身,向着自家干裂的稻田走去。
初中语文记叙文专题阅读 传统文化类文专题训练附答案

初中语文记叙文专题阅读传统文化类文专题训练附答案(一)阅读《时尚之美与传统文化》,回答1-4题。
(11分)时尚之美与传统文化张凡○1近日,河南卫视春晚上的舞蹈节目《唐言夜宴》成功“出圈”、惊艳四方,一时成为网络热议的焦点话题。
(1)②河南卫视将舞蹈《唐宫夜宴》(初名《唐俑》)搬上辛丑牛年河南春晚可谓意义不凡,不仅令亿万观众耳目一新,更重要的是把国人印象中的传统文化在台上给“舞”活。
该节目力求将盛唐的风采和少女的灵动搬上舞台,再现盛唐时期的大国气象和以“唐三彩”为代表符号的唐韵之美,从而为社会、为大众展示出一幅传统文化与现代科技交相辉映的文化画卷。
无论是舞蹈人物的服饰、表情、妆容、色彩以及手中乐器,还是作品的创意内涵展示及启迪意义,均以新颖的艺术表现方式,完成了古老的艺术在当下社会的时尚化、年轻态展现。
③很大程度上,舞蹈《唐宫夜宴》的爆红并非偶然而是一种必然。
④形式时尚新颖和内容传统厚重并不矛盾。
在文化多样化的今天,现代科技与传统文化的融合创新,以更理想的荧幕呈现实现“1+1>2”的综合效应,是以优秀传统文化为基石,锻造现代文艺的精彩。
当前以弘扬传统文化为宗旨打造的文艺节目已成为一种时尚,文艺创作者体察当代人,尤其是年轻人的多样化观看体验与审美诉求,以一众优质的传统文艺节目回馈社会与大众。
⑤优秀传统文化具备引发共鸣的力量。
中华文化的根脉熔铸于每一位华夏子孙的血脉中,让优秀传统文化“活起来”不仅应和了当代国人日益提高的审美需求,更实现了优秀传统文化之花开在当代中国文化土壤的高光时刻。
尤其在这提笔忘字的时代,弘扬优秀传统文化足以让国人在欣赏经典的同时忆起传统之美、拾起传统之味。
让优秀传统文化插上现代科技的翅膀,让更多的年轻人“穿越时空”去体验、触碰传统文化的无限魅力,促使优秀传统文化在新时代里越发时尚和年轻化,让优秀传统文化在年青一代的内心深处落地生根、枝繁叶茂。
(2)⑥优秀传统文化节目既要接地气,又要“高大上”。
2024年中考语文高分秘籍之真题分类精解记叙文阅读专题03人物类记叙文三含解析

专题03 人物类记叙文(三)一、(2024·海南)阅读下面的文章,完成第12~16题。
(14分)父亲的田园①家乡的老宅东边,是我父亲的田园。
园中心麦草屋顶的小土屋,是小麻雀的跳跳床。
屋后的大杏树枝叶婆娑,蓄满绿荫和鸟鸣。
屋东,两棵大桃树粗可合抱,彼此枝叶相接、耳鬓厮磨……每当春风乍暖,花儿们粉墨登场,我的梦也缤纷起来。
花瓣飞走,留守枝头的果子一天一个成色,已经秀色可餐了。
除了一饱口福,还能换来香喷喷的糖橡皮、好看的花衣裳。
靠近篱笆的小杏树,年龄与我相仿,结的杏子又大又圆,染着红晕。
摘一颗掰开细品,绵绵软软的,始终甜到心里去…②果树散居于小屋身边,像一群孩子蜂拥着母亲。
稍远,是大片的菜地。
打记事起,父亲就带着我在园子里劳碌。
他刨地前总是先往手心里吐两口唾沫,搓搓两只大手掌,将锄柄高高举起,像是挥动着一支灵动的画笔,在空中画出一道漂亮的彩虹,将锄头深深地锲入那散发着芳香的土地……汗水从父亲花白的两鬓间流下来,经过沟壑纵横的脸庞,砸进他脚下新刨起来的土地。
他的脚印又大又深,至今仍清楚地印在我的心田。
一片地刨完,父亲回到地头,在锄柄上坐下来。
我将水壶递过去,他猛喝几口,然后装上一锅烟,用火石打着,边吸边笑呵呵地看着我玩。
我的玩具通常是父亲刚刨出来的豆虫或蛹子。
蛹子头上有一个弯弯的类似钢笔卡子的东西,我们叫它钢笔蛹。
它的尾巴会摇,我说东它就指东,我说西它就指西,通灵似的,特别好玩。
逗逗玩玩间,父亲已将地平整,整出崭新的菜畦,起先细心地播种……③侍弄园子是父亲驾轻就熟的事情。
我喜爱看父亲辛勤劳作的身影。
如火骄阳下,他裸着的腰背呈古铜色,搭在肩上的巾经常汗湿得能撑出水来。
当嫩绿的蔬菜破土而出,一天一个样地往上窜;当叶子间探头探脑的西瓜长成一颗颗甜蜜的地雷……他就是天底下最华蜜的人了。
④园子里的甜水井,是我童年最神奇的所在。
父亲不让我到井边去,只有浇园时,我才可以在他的看护下,俯瞰幽深的井水,从中照见自己天真的模样。
初中语文记叙文阅读专题训练题20套(带答案)含解析

初中语文记叙文阅读专题训练题20套(带答案)含解析一、中考语文记叙文阅读专题训练1.现代文阅读锁链清晨的鸟市上,总有几个起得比鸡还早的爱鸟人,拎了各自的笼儿和架子,到茶馆里来聚头遛鸟。
这天,鸟贩子林红嘴来了,他从三轮摩托上取下一个口袋,撑开罩子,里面是一个方笼。
林红嘴打开方笼,拎出一个架子,上面兀自立着一只鹦鹉。
那鹦鹉绿色的羽毛,侧光之处显出蓝青之色,红红的嘴唇,宛如衔了一枚玛瑙做成的哨,一双小眼睛炯炯有神。
通常,这个时候是该打招呼了。
那明星范儿的鹦鹉显然是知道套路的,清脆地喊出一句:“哈罗,古得摸铃!”众人顿时哄笑了起来,说话的鸟见过不少,张嘴就来英语的,稀罕。
于是大家来了兴致,搜肠刮肚地把记忆中剩得不多的英语单词翻出来,用来逗鹦鹉。
有的甚至把从电视里学的“八格牙路”都用上了,那鹦鹉居然能接口来句“米西米西”,看来这家伙也是看了不少抗日神剧。
林红嘴笑道:“别说你来日语,就是法语、意大利语、泰语、葡萄牙语,它都会几句。
人家可是轮船、火车、飞机都坐遍了才来的!”众人又惊叹了一番。
不出两分钟,又有人品咂出鹦鹉的奇异之处:“你看你看,这玩意儿居然没有拴链子!”大伙儿一看,果然见那鹦鹉裸着双脚,自在地站在架子上。
看着它健硕的翅膀,大伙儿开始质疑林红嘴,说:“你不会是养了一只母鹦鹉在家里,然后拿这只漂亮鸟儿四处卖钱,卖完它,又让它自己飞回去吧?”林红嘴大呼冤枉,说:“这鸟儿的最大卖点,就是不拴链子,打死不飞!不信可以打赌!”一听打赌,众人都来了兴致。
赌局说定,三小时之内,众人只要不碰鸟儿和架子,无论用什么办法,让鹦鹉飞离站架,即为赢,反之则输。
赌资1000元,交由中间人保管,谁赢归谁。
双方的1000元很快凑齐。
众人又觉三小时太短,改为五小时,并取尽鹦鹉架上的食物和水。
对于这些刁钻要求,林红嘴只撇嘴一笑,通通都答应下来。
鹦鹉挂上树枝,人们开始想招。
先是击掌、敲锣、放炮仗之类的武攻,后是扔花生、玉米、瓜子在地上的文逗,还有人学猫叫,或干脆主张去找一只胖猫来实施心理战术,甚至还有人主张去找一只漂亮的母鹦鹉过来演美人计……但那只鹦鹉却都不理会,依旧只是自顾自稳稳地站在支架上,或单脚或双脚,死死扣住那根木棍不放。
记叙文阅读专项之揣摩人物心理+课件-2024年中考语文二轮专题

绳子那头
题型问题:(2 分)第⑩段画线句表现了 “我” 怎样的心理? 我蓦地发现,这么多年,我竟没有如此认真地观察过他。他 已经没有了年轻时的活力,可是他才四十多岁啊!
关注修饰、限制性词语
绳子那头
01
02
蓦地 竟 可是
题干中的关 键点: “我”、 “心理”
03
答案示例
04
因自己长时 间忽略父亲 而愧疚;因 父亲过早衰 老而心酸。
方法三:重点关注修饰限制性词语或题干中的关键点
课内求法
4、《骆驼祥子》中,祥子经历了买车、丢车等一系列事件, 其心理从最初的充满希望逐渐变得麻木、绝望。 小结: 在艰苦的环境中,人物可能会感到焦虑;在温馨的环境中, 可能会感到安心。
方法四:联系人物处境:特定的环境会影响人物的心理。
03
ONE
实战练习
《孔乙己》 《我的叔叔于勒》
孔乙己争辩道:“窃书不能算偷…… 窃书!…… 读书人的事,能算偷么?” 从他这番强词夺理的语言描写中,可以揣摩出他自欺欺人、死要面子的心理。 当孔乙己被人嘲笑时,他 “涨红了脸,额上的青筋条条绽出,争辩道:‘窃书 不能算偷…… 窃书!…… 读书人的事,能算偷么?’”
孔乙己此时的心理是既羞愧又恼怒。“涨红了脸”“额上的青筋条条绽出” 这些神态描写表现了他的羞愧;而他强词夺理的争辩则体现了他内心的恼怒,他 企图通过这种方式来维护自己所谓读书人的尊严。
在这段文字中,“满床摆着一个‘大’字” 中的 “满床” 这个修饰限制性 词语,形象地描绘出阿长睡觉时姿势的随意和占据空间之大。
通过 “满床” 这个词,可以分析出 “我” 当时内心的无奈和些许不满。 “我” 在炎热的夜里醒来,看到阿长如此霸道地占据床位,“满床” 凸显了这 种情况的严重程度,让 “我” 感到没有一点余地和办法,从而表现出 “我” 对阿长这种行为的无奈,同时也隐隐透露出因为被打扰睡眠而产生的些许不满情 绪。
专题03 阅读理解(记叙文) 15篇(名校模拟+地区真题)-冲刺2024年中考英语必考题型终极预测

冲刺2024年中考英语必考题型终极预测(重庆专用)专题03 阅读理解(记叙文) 15篇(2023·重庆渝中·重庆巴蜀中学校考模拟预测)Candy is smart, talented and really nice. As a team leader, she wishes Frank, a member of her politics project, did his part as required. But rather than criticize (批评)him, only to find that Frank kept falling behind. It ended up that other team members, who had to take on more work, while Frank himself complained that he was not treated fairly.How did poor Candy get into this mess? The primary reason was that Candy failed in a key part of leadership—the duty to provide clear feedback(反馈)for team members. This isn’t simply a duty but a correctness.Failing to question or criticize Frank’s work, Candy was in fact unkind. Many people are not a failure, like Frank. They’re just in the wrong place, and still left in the dark. What they really need is feedback from their leaders. However, Candy didn’t bring out a gift in Frank.A leader had better use open, honest, continuous and clear feedback to help solve someone’s best fit in their job or in the organization. This method also avoids surprises. It’s not uncommon to see someone suddenly removed from a team. Maybe it serves them right, they wouldn’t have been caught off-guard (猝不及防)because they would have been receiving open, continuous and clear judgment of their performance.Then why is it so hard for leaders to give good feedback? People always like to be liked, so they avoid anything that may cause unpleasantness. But that kind of feedback usually helps members find the right place for them. If you just only like to be liked, the chance of being respected is really low. However, you have a chance of being liked. Of course, the most difficult part for a nice leader is criticizing someone.Back to Candy’s case. Not telling Frank how he was on the team only made a hard situation worse. But with a different mindset, she could have led her team to success and have been a likeable and critical leader.1.The word “gift” in Paragraph 3 probably means “ ________”.A.present B.ability C.pride D.praise2.According to this article, what is necessary between leaders and team members?A.Being nice to team members is likely to win leaders great respect.B.Criticizing team members results in serious complaints to the leader.C.Open and honest communication is a must for leaders and team members.D.Praise and encouragement from leaders bring out better team performance.3.Based on the passage, which of the following is TRUE?A.Candy should patiently encourage Frank to try his best.B.Candy should gradually kick Frank off her team.C.Candy should politely show Frank the improvement he made.D.Candy should clearly tell Frank her judgment of his performance.4.What is the best title of the passage?A.Become a Good Leader B.Set a Good TeamC.Frank’s problem D.Cindy’s Worry(2023·重庆大渡口·统考二模)①Walking around the city, you will see girls wearing hanfu on the underground or people wearing T-shirt with Chinese characters in the streets. A new trend(潮流)is getting popular in China. It’s guochao or China-Chic. Guochao adds traditional Chinese culture into products, and it shows the rise of China’s native fashion(时尚).②Guochao got people’s attention in 2018. Before that, the market was controlled by foreign companies. There were few Chinese brands. To win the market share, many Chinese brands followed the footsteps of these western brands. In 2018, Chinese sportswear brand Li Ning made changes to the situation. It introduced its Wu Dao collection to the world. The collection not only looked fashionable, but also included elements of traditional Chinese culture. It quickly caught people’s attention at home and abroad. And it created amazing sales.③Later, many Chinese brands, from food, drinks and clothing to mobile phones and cars, started to add Chinese culture into their products. Even the film and music industries made every effort to create Chinese styles. “We want our products to be the ones that young people would like to share”, they said.④These brands got what they wanted. Young people gradually converted their attention from western culture to guochao. They accepted it with pleasure. What’s more they started to develop interest in traditional Chinese art and literature. Now they wear traditional clothes, practice Chinese calligraphy(书法)and play Chinese musical instruments. Some of them are working together to spread Chinese culture to people around the world.⑤At the same time, people of different ages start to choose products “made in China”. According to a survey, 68% Chinese people prefer Chinese brands. Among them, 62% say they are open to international brands, but local brands remain the first choice.⑥No matter how guochao develops, there is one thing that won’t change—people’s confidence in our country’sdevelopment and culture is growing.5.What can we learn about Chinese brand Li Ning from Paragraph 2?A.It increased the world market share before 2018.B.It always followed the footsteps of foreign brands.C.It started the trend of guochao around the world.D.It spent lots of time creating products with Chinese elements.6.The underlined word “converted” can be replaced by “________”.A.changed B.developed C.started D.improved7.Which is the structure of the passage?A.①-②-③④⑤-⑥B.①-②③-④⑤-⑥C.①-②③④-⑤-⑥D.①-②③④-⑤⑥8.What’s the best title for the passage?A.Guochao, A New Fashion Trend B.Young People’s Special LoveC.The Advantages of Local Brands D.The Development of Chinese Brands(2023·重庆大渡口·统考一模)Philip is a pupil. When he was 12, he decided to give up eating meat because he thought animals also lived on the earth just like humans. ________ They thought he was a boy who was growing. If he didn’t have meat, he wouldn’t grow tall.One day, his mother prepared a delicious meal. She put some beef, rice and carrots in front of him when they were having dinner. “I want you to eat all your food now,” she said. “Don’t leave anything.” Philip only ate the rice and the carrots without touching the beef.“You’re such a silly boy!” said his father angrily. “I’m sorry, Mum and Dad,” said Philip. “I don’t want you to be angry. But I really don’t want to eat meat.” “Then have some fish, dear,” said his mother. “Oh, no! Fish are living creatures (生物) too.” cried Philip.The next morning Philip was very hungry. His father walked to the school with him. He asked the teacher, “Is this what you teach the students to do at school? Philip refuses to eat meat at home. He even doesn’t listen to us.” “I don’t agree with Philip,” said the teacher. “But I think he’s brave to do what he thinks is right. We teach the students to do that.”9.Which of the following sentences can be put in the ________ in Paragraph 1?A.Philip’s friends also had such a habit.B.Philip decided to lose weight.C.He didn’t think it was a good idea.D.Philip’s parents were not happy about that.10.If Philip didn’t eat any meat, he would probably ________ according to his parents..A.stay short B.stay healthy C.become silly D.get hungry easily11.Which is the right order of the following activities?①Philip’s mother prepared a delicious meal.②Philip went to school with his father.③Philip decided to give up eating meat.④Philip’s father talked with his teacher.⑤Philip’s mother advised him to eat some fish.A.③①②④⑤B.③①⑤②④C.①③⑤②④D.①③②④⑤12.What does the writer want to tell us?A.We should be kind to animals.B.We should listen to our parents’ advice in life.C.We should do what we think is right.D.We should do things as our teachers teach us.(2023·重庆南岸·统考模拟预测)①There’s a small house I visit from time to time. It’s not the house that is special, but rather the person who lives inside.②I met Miss C about 45 years ago when she was my sister’s kindergarten teacher. I remember looking into her classroom wishing I was her student. Miss C created a safe place where we could be whatever we wanted to be in that moment. My parents comforted me I could start school when I was 4. Though, when I turned 4 in the spring, I couldn’t understand why I had to wait until September.③Because of Miss C, I’ve always wanted to be a teacher. When I graduated, I couldn’t wait to invite Miss C to my classroom. She arrived one day, and I saw joy on my students’ faces singing the same songs I sang with her as a child. As a new teacher, I was surprised at how she connected with children. For years, Miss C volunteered in my classroom.④Over the years we have shared in each other’s ups and downs.⑤I am here for her now as the time to sell her house is near. I bring up boxes from her basement. We go through every painting a student has given her, every thank-you note a parent has written.⑥I find papers picturing the letters of the alphabet. I find my own name printed in green marker. Suddenly, mymind goes back to Room 3.⑦More than 40 years ago, Miss C sat on a chair while my classmates, and I sat on the carpet(地毯)at her feet. We learned about the letters and their sounds. Now, Miss C sits on her rocking chair, and I find myself still sitting at her feet.⑧Educators know teaching is a profession devoted to the development of the young. The lucky ones get to see what their students have done with their lives. The exceptional ones never leave their students’ hearts.13.The writer is most likely to think of Miss C as her ________.A.student B.mother C.friend D.sister14.From the passage, we know that Miss C ________.①helped the writer to find her dream②helped the writer to become a good teacher③will leave the writer to start a new life④will never leave the writer’s heartA.①②③B.①②④C.①③④D.②③④15.The writer writes the passage to ________.A.show the true meaning of educationB.tell others how much she loves teachingC.introduce her favorite teacher and their storyD.advise her readers to become good teachers16.The structure of the passage may be ________.(①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2…)A.B.C.D.(2023·重庆沙坪坝·重庆八中校考模拟预测)When my son, Mark, was in the third grade, he saved all his pocket money for over three months to buy holiday presents for those he loved. The third Saturday in December Mark said that he had made his list and had twenty dollars in his pocket.I drove him to a nearby supermarket. Mark picked up a hand basket and went off on his own while I waited patiently reading a book in the car. It took Mark over 45 minutes to choose his presents. The clerk told him how much he needed to pay as I looked the other way. Mark kept within his budget (预算) and reached into his pocket for his money. It was not there! There was a hole in his pocket, but no money. Mark stood in the middle of the store holding his basket, tears rolling down his cheeks. His whole body was shaking with tears on his face. Then an amazing thing happened. A customer in the store came up to Mark. She knelt down and took him in her arms.“You would do me the greatest favour if you let me replace (补还) your money,”said the woman. “It would be the most wonderful present you could ever give me. I only ask that one day you pass it on. One day, when you are grown-up, I would like you to find someone you can help. When you help this other person, I know you will feel as good about it as I do now.”Mark took the money, dried his tears and ran to the checkout counter as fast as he could. I think we all enjoyed our gifts that year as much as Mark enjoyed giving them to us.I would like to say “thank you” to that very kind woman. I would like to tell her that four years later Mark went house to house collecting blankets and clothes for the homeless people in the Oakland fire — and he thought of her. And I want to promise her that Mark will never forget to keep passing it on.17.What’s the correct order of these events?a. Mark was told how much he needed to pay.b. A hole was found in Mark's pocket.c.I drove Mark to a nearby shop.d. Mark paid the gift with the money.e. A customer came to talk with Mark.A.cabed B.cbaed C.cdade D.dacbe18.Why were his tears rolling down Mark’s cheeks?A.Because he wanted to buy too many things.B.Because he didn’t keep within his budget.C.Because his money was missing.D.Because there was a hole in his pocket.19.According to the passage, we can infer that _________.A.Mark saved money to buy presents for those he loved.B.Mark had no money to give back to the woman.C.Mark was a kind boy who liked to help others.D.Mark didn’t have good experience because of the clerk.20.What’s the best title of the passage?A.A Kind Woman.B.Mark’s Warm FamilyC.Love is for Giving.D.Mark’s Gift.(2023·重庆沙坪坝·重庆一中校考三模)I was playing at the front gate, trying to decide whether to walk down the street to play with Jenny, when I saw a poor man coming up the road.“Hello, little girl,” he said, “Is your mama at home?”I nodded and opened the gate to let him get in the yard. He looked like all the homeless men who came to my home before. His messy hair hung below a shapeless hat, and his old shirt and trousers had been rained on and slept in. He smelled bad.He walked to the door. When my mother appeared, he asked, “Lady, could you spare something to eat?”“I think so. Please sit on the step.”Later, my mother came back and banded him a sandwich made from homemade bread and generous pieces of boiled meat. She also gave him a bottle of milk. “I thank you, lady.” he said.I played at the gate, watching the man wolf down the sandwich and empty the cup. After finishing the food, he stood up and walked back through the gate. “ ▲ “He told me on the way out.Jenny had said all the homeless men told each other who would feed them. “They never come to my house!” she had said proudly and happily.“So why does Mama feed the poor man?” I wondered. I walked inside. “Jenny’s mama says those men are too lazy to work. Why do we feed them?”My mother smiled. “Sweetheart, we don’t know why these men don’t work,” she said, “but they were babies once. And their mamas loved them, just like I love you.” She put her hands on my shoulders and drew me close toher.“For me, I fed them for their mothers, because if you were ever hungry and had nothing to eat, I would want others’ mothers to feed you.”I seemed to find out the answer to my question and understand that.21.After the poor man came to the writer’s home, the mother ________.A.made bread for him B.gave him some waterC.asked him to have a rest D.offered him a sandwich22.The story happened in the order of ________.a. My mother communicated with the poor man.b. I understood my mother after talking to her.c. I played at the gate and watched the poor man having food.d. I opened the gate to let him get in the yard.e. The poor man stood up and walked back through the gate.A.d-c-a-b-e B.a-e-d-c-b C.c-a-e-d-b D.d-a-c-e-b23.Which of the following can be put in the ________?A.They said your mama would feed me.B.I would like to come to play with you again.C.It’s kind of you to let me stay here for one night.D.We will ask Jenny’s mother to feed us, too.24.The underlined word “that” in the last paragraph refers to ________.A.the reason why the mother fed the poor manB.the talk between the mother and the writerC.the question that Jenny didn’t know beforeD.the fact that Jenny’s family wouldn’t let the poor men in(2023·重庆沙坪坝·重庆南开中学校考二模)Catch the fish and then forget the net. This is one of my Chinese teacher’s favorite Chinese idioms (习语), Deyuwangquan. It comes from Zhuangzi and the meaning of it is that you are used to getting help from others but don’t show your thanks to them.When I studied this idiom in the United States, I read traditional Chinese characters (汉字). The character for“fish” has four dots (点) at the bottom. However, when today’s Chinese students study this idiom, they read simplified (简化的) characters. The character for “fish” only has a line at the bottom. This simplified character is easier to write. However, why are the four dots replaced by a line, rather than something else? And how many of you have thought about this?This simplification of Chinese characters started in the 1950s. The purpose was to improve literacy (文学). Simplified characters are easier for people to read and write.However, they fear that over-simplifying Chinese characters may cause some cultural heritage (遗产) to be lost. The first four dots at the bottom of the character for “fish” come from even older characters. These characters not only mean fish but also look like a fish. There are hundreds of such characters in Chinese. Each of them has a story behind its meaning.Some people have suggested that schools should teach traditional characters. But Chinese is already among the most difficult languages to read and write. To save time, perhaps we should still learn and use simplified characters. However, traditional Chinese characters are valuable and should stay, too. You may take some time to learn about them and the stories behind. In this way, you will help pass down Chinese culture and also have some fun. 25.We can use the idiom “Deyuwangquan” to describe ________.A.Linda, who is warm-hearted and always ready to help othersB.Cindy, who always forgets things and makes everything a messC.John, who is interested in fishing but not very good at itD.Bob, who is successful but not thankful to those who helped him26.________ is the traditional character for “fish” which the writer first read in the US.A.B.C.D.27.From the passage, we can learn ________.A.Chinese is one of the most difficult languages to read and writeB.the simplification of Chinese characters started in the 1960sC.it takes more time to write simplified Chinese charactersD.it’s meaningless to pass down traditional Chinese characters28.The passage mainly tells us something about ________.A.Chinese history B.Chinese idioms C.Chinese characters D.Chinese teachers(2023·重庆江北·校考三模)There were many fantastic boats in South Lake. Each boat was long, thin and colorful, like an arrow. Each team of students wearing life jackets sat in rows of two. Someone steered (掌舵) the boat from the back. A drummer kept time in the front. 20 paddlers (挠手) had long paddles (桨). They held them high above the water. Then their teacher gave a signal (信号). The students began to row. Suddenly, they all moved as one. With strong strokes (划桨), they paddled down the river. At the same time, the drummers tried their best to play the drums as if to say, “Come on!” The paddlers immediately followed with a rhythmic cry: “Dong! Dong! Dong! Dong! Ho! Ho! Ho ho ho.” The dragon groups were flying rapidly in the lake. Gradually, gradually, No. 4 broke out! Put all the boats far behind, and then the line! All the people around the lake were shouting cheerfully.No. 4, the winning team, is called Healthy Dragons. The students are from Hill Middle School. In fact, they are new to dragon boat racing. Some had never been on the water before. But they have learned it very quickly! The dragon boat program teaches them to be healthy. It lets them practice teamwork, too. Li Xin, one of the paddlers, said rowing is a “hard workout.” Still, he is glad he does it. Rowing makes him push himself.Mr. Liu is the Healthy Dragons coach. He loves how it helps the students. Healthy Dragons is about building confidence. The program lets kids try something new and teach them the team spirit. “They were often being silly and joking around. Then they got onto the water. The mood changed. The students became serious. They put all their energy into making their boats go faster.” Said Mr. Liu“It’s just wonderful out here,” Li Xin’s mother said. “If they can do this, just imagine what else they can do.”29.What is the first paragraph mostly about?A.The students were watching a dragon boat racing.B.The students were practicing boating.C.The students were racing dragon boats.D.The students were making a dragon boat.30.Which sentences can be filled in the Plot Curve (情节图) ________?A.Each team of students wearing life jackets sat in rows of two.B.With strong strokes (划桨), they paddled down the river.C.The paddlers immediately followed with a rhythmic cry: “Dong! Dong! Dong! Dong! Ho! Ho! Ho ho ho.”D.Gradually, gradually, No. 4 broke out! Put all the boats far behind, and then the line!31.Which sentence is NOT TRUE about students on the Healthy Dragons?A.They learnt a new sport to keep healthy.B.They raced dragon boats and learned how to be confident.C.They learnt to work together to move together.D.They used to be good at racing dragon boat.32.What did Li Xin’s mother really mean?A.They would get into better colleges.B.They wouldn’t have to do other sports.C.Their future would get worse and worse.D.Their future would get better and better.(2023·重庆九龙坡·重庆实验外国语学校校考三模)When you imagine yourself in your 80s, what do you see?Many people imagine a comfortable life, but friends Sandy and Ellie see things a little differently. “Don’t sit in that chair and waste away, ”Sandy said. “If you don’t use it, you lose it.”Ellie and Sandy are from the same city, but they met each other while traveling in Africa many years ago. Since then, they have been travelling together.Two years ago, the now 81-year-olds started planning an adventure they called “Around the World at 80”. Their goal was to travel to all seven continents (洲), see 9 Wonders of the World, and visit 18 countries in two-and-a-half months. Unluckily, their plans were put on hold because of COVID-19, but in 2023 they finally hit the road with a new motto(座右铭): “81 and still on the run!”So far, they’ve seen the Northern Lights, played with penguins in Antarctica, flown over Qomolangma in an airplane, and enjoyed many other wonderful short journeys. Everywhere they go, they talk with people they meet and make new friends, which is part of the plan. Both of them think the Number One thing is meeting people, and the world is full of the greatest, most exciting.most interesting people.Nothing slows these two ladies down, not even the knee replacements(全膝关节置换术)for both of them. Ellie records their journey with photos and they have a blog. They hope to encourage others to keep moving into their golden years!33.In Para.1, Sandy wants to tell us that ________.A.it’s never too old to learn B.time waits for no manC.practice makes perfect D.a good beginning is half doneA.put away B.put off C.take up D.take off35.What do we know about Ellie and Sandy? ________A.They live in different cities.B.They didn’t have their knees replaced.C.They started to travel around the world at the age of 80.D.They find it the most important to get to know people .36.You can probably read this passage in the part of a magazine ________.A.fashion B.sports C.travel D.health(2023·重庆永川·统考一模)①What is a teacher? Well, a teacher is someone who teaches. They say things, and you remember them. But it was not until I met my music teacher that I realized this definition (定义) was too shallow (肤浅的).②When I first arrived at my music class at school, I didn’t have any knowledge of how to play the flute (长笛) at all. I couldn’t get the basic notes right. It seemed like a dream for me to perform in front of the school. However, my music teacher, Mr. Nevola, encouraged me to work toward my dreams. He did a lot for his students, including me.③He took a lot of time in finding the right flute book for me and spent extra (额外的) time teaching me. WhenI was unable to remember the notes, he taught me the trick: FACE. F means “fa”; A means “la”; C means “do”; E means “mi”. This way I can remember the notes much more quickly.④He also tried to make music class fun. We played games that helped develop our sense of rhythm (节奏感) and shared our favorite pieces on certain days. We talked about the background of music pieces from all over the world and learned about the development of music in the US. Sometimes when we were too tired, instead of forcing us to practice our instruments, Mr. Nevola would talk about relaxing things.⑤Thanks to Mr. Nevola’s fun teaching, I truly fell in love with the flute. After six months, I was able to blow seven notes in one breath. While this might not seem like a huge accomplishment (成就), I am still proud of it and thankful to Mr. Nevola who helped me make it happen. Now I understand the true meaning of a teacher totally. 37.When the writer first arrived at the music class at school, the writer knew ________ about how to play the flute (长笛).A.a lot B.nothing C.a little D.all38.What would Mr. Nevola do when the students were too tired to practice the instruments?A.He would ask them to keep practicing the instruments.B.He would give them up.C.He would be angry with them.D.He would talk about the relaxing things with them. 39.What’s the best title of the passage?A.A good teacher can make learning fun.B.I like to play the flute.C.Mr. Nevola is good at the flute.D.Be successful in music.40.The structure of the passage is ________.A.①/②③/④⑤B.①②③/④/⑤C.①/②③④/⑤D.①②/③/④⑤(2023·重庆沙坪坝·重庆八中校考三模)Wang Zhenyi was born in Anhui, China in 1768. Women were not allowed to have an education then. So Wang had to depend on teaching herself to meet her endless love for the world. Thankfully, her family supported her. Her grandfather shared with her a good collection of books and the basic rules of astronomy (天文学) while her father taught her math.At 16, she began to study something hard in astronomy and math on her own. Because she couldn’t get an education in school, she sometimes would feel upset when she didn’t understand some ideas in the book. She said, “I won’t give up because I love the subject so much.”She continued to study and began to make big progress in the research of the universe (宇宙). Her most famous explanation (解释) included creating a model to explain a lunar eclipse (月食). She used a light, a mirror and a roundtable to symbolize (象征) the sun, the moon and the earth. By moving the objects around, she was able to explain how a lunar eclipse was caused. Wang believed that science should be reached to more than just the well-educated. She spent many years working on the difficult rules and principles (原理) and translated them into a simpler language for readers to better understand them.Unluckily, she died of a disease at 29. Sadly, most of those works have become lost, including six books on math and astronomy. Although she lived in a feudal (封建的) society, ▲ . As a well respected woman scientist and international thinker, she is an inspiration to girls today. In 2004, the International Astronomical Union recognized her bright spirit by naming a crater (陨石坑) on Venus after her.41.According to Paragraph One, Wang’s family is ________.A.humorous B.outgoing C.open-minded D.warm-hearted42.What does Paragraph Three mainly talk about?A.Wang’s special ways of studying the universe.B.Wang’s challenges in studying astronomy.C.Wang’s achievements in math study.D.Wang’s new findings in lunar eclipse.43.Which of the following can be put in the ________?A.Wang received a good education in schoolB.Wang believed everyone could be freeC.Wang liked discussing interesting subjects with othersD.Wang believed a woman could show her talents to the fullest44.The passage is developed in the order of ________.A.person B.time C.space D.importance(2023·重庆长寿·校联考一模)Jin Ruirui, 33, from Yunnan tried to develop the local Yi embroider (彝绣) industry and promote (促进) women’s employment (就业).Jin was among the first group of college students in her village, but instead of working in big cities, she chose to come back to her hometown to set up her own Yi embroidery company (公司). “My mother raised me with the money she made as an embroiderer (刺绣工). I want to carry on her skills and help more embroiderers who are just like my mother—they might not get much education, but they know well about our local culture,” said Jin.。
人教版七年级语文下册专题12记叙文阅读二(专题部编版原卷版)

记叙文阅读(二)(一)(河南商丘·七年级统考期末)阅读下文,完成下面小题。
笔墨童年余秋雨①在山水萧瑟、岁月荒寒的家乡,我度过了非常美丽的童年。
②千般美丽中,有一半,竟与笔墨有关。
③那个冬天太冷了,河结了冰,湖结了冰,连家里的水缸也结了冰。
就在这样的日子,小学要进行期末考试了。
④破旧的教室里,每个孩子都在用心磨墨。
磨得快的,已经把毛笔在砚石上舔来舔去,准备答卷。
那年月,铅笔、钢笔都还没有传到这个僻远的山村。
⑤磨墨要水,教室门口有一个小水桶,孩子们平日上课时要天天取用。
但今天,那水桶也结了冰,刚刚还是用半块碎砖砸开了冰,才抖抖索索舀到砚台上的。
孩子们都在担心,考试到一半,如果砚台结冰了,怎么办?⑥这时,一位乐呵呵的男老师走进了教室。
他从棉衣襟下取出一瓶白酒,给每个孩子的砚台上都倒几滴,说:“这就不会结冰了,放心写吧!”⑦于是,教室里酒香阵阵,答卷上也酒香阵阵。
我们的毛笔字,从一开始就有了李白的余韵。
⑧其实岂止是李白。
长大后才知道,就在我们小学的西面,比李白早400年,一群人已经在蘸酒写字了,领头那个人叫王羲之,写出的答卷叫《兰亭序》。
⑨我上小学时只有4岁,自然成了老师们的重点保护对象。
上课时都用毛笔记录,我太小了,弄得两手都是墨,又沾到了脸上。
因此,每次下课,老师就会快速抱起我,冲到校门口的小河边,把我的脸和手都洗干净,然后,再快速抱着我回到座位,让下一节课的老师看着舒服一点。
但是,下一节课的老师又会重复做这样的事。
于是,那些奔跑的脚步,那些抱持的手臂,那些清亮的河水,加在一起,成了我最隆重的书法入门课。
如果我写不好毛笔字,天理不容。
⑩后来,学校里有了一个图书馆。
由于书很少,老师规定,用一页小楷,借一本书。
不久又加码,提高为两页小楷借一本书。
就在那时,我初次听到老师把毛笔字说成“书法”,因此立即产生误会,以为“书法”就是“借书的方法”。
这个误会,倒是不错。
⑪学校外面,识字的人很少。
但毕竟是王阳明、黄宗羲的家乡,民间有一个规矩,路上见到一片写过字的纸,哪怕只是小小一角,哪怕已经污损,也万不可踩踏。
【语文】记叙文阅读专题训练练习题及答案

【语文】记叙文阅读专题训练练习题及答案一、中考语文记叙文阅读专题训练1.阅读下文,回答问题。
那年,我去上大学熊燕①我18岁那年,到离家三百多里的一所大学去读书,还没出门,母亲就开始担忧:你从未离开过家,嘴又笨,上初中还被街坊误认为是“哑巴”,突然到人生地不熟的地方,会不会迷路?食堂吃饭时,你能“抢”到饭吗?你有那么多不喜欢吃的菜,如果食堂只有那些菜怎么办?②整理行李时,母亲又开始担心:“你不会洗被子,被子脏了怎么办?你有轻微恐高症,住宿楼高不高?”一连串的问号,让母亲睡不安宁。
总是睡着睡着突然想起什么事,爬起来,跑到我房中,将我叮嘱一番,以至我也睡不安稳。
父亲劝母亲:“树大自然直,她又不是小孩子,会慢慢学会照顾自己的,你只管将心放进肚子里去。
”③终于要出发了,母亲将打包好了的所有衣服和日用品又重新拿出来,一一查看,生怕有什么遗漏。
一路上千叮咛万嘱咐。
说好只将我送到汽车站,可临时母亲又变了卦,非要和父亲一起陪我去学校。
④到学校后,母亲最关心的是我的宿舍,宿舍是上下铺,中间四张桌子,每人都有一个带锁的小柜。
我睡在上铺,母亲担心:“掉下来怎么办?”我说:“睡上铺安静。
”这让母亲想到另一个问题,你喜欢晚上睡觉时听歌,会影响大家休息,怎么办?铺好床,整理好行李后,母亲拖着我去百货商场,要为我买一个小巧带耳机的录音机。
⑤去商场的路上,母亲边走边向路人打听,并大声重复:“哦,从书店向右转。
”“哦,从饭店出来向左转。
”说好只买录音机,最后却另买了一大堆零食,母亲说分给宿舍同学吃。
⑥当我们提着大包小包,准备返回时,母亲对我说:“我忘记了,应该向右转?还是向左转?”父亲刚想说什么,被母亲制止。
我方向观念极差,也不知走哪边。
母亲让我询问商场的工作人员,我低着头,无论母亲怎么催,都不肯去问。
母亲突然向我发脾气说:“让你问个路都不愿意,养你有什么用?问个路又不会割你舌头,你到底害怕什么?”母亲说着说着竟然哭了。
父亲愣在那里问我:“你还记得来时经过的建筑物标志吗?”我一脸茫然,摇摇头。
中考人教版八年级语文下册专题7记叙文阅读(解析版)

专题07 记叙文阅读★知识划重点★记叙文是以记人、叙事、写景、状物为主,以写人物的经历和事物发展变化为主要内容的一种文体形式。
记叙文常见考点及对策如下:1.用简洁的语言概括文章(文段)的内容。
首先要明白文中的时间、地点、人物和事件四个要素,然后根据“(何时、何地)谁干什么结果怎样”或者“什么怎么样”的思路组织语言。
要准确、清楚、简洁,不要把概括内容变成了原文复述。
尤其要抓住核心要素----人物+事件+结果。
同时,要注意题目是否有字数方面的限制,在字数范围之类,尽可能详细,字数超过要删去次要信息。
21·世纪*教育网2.记叙文的人称及作用:第一人称,便于直抒胸臆,读起来可以增添文章的真实感。
第二人称,如同作者和读者对话,读起来给人一种亲切感。
第三人称,不受时空的限制,能从多方面自由叙述。
21*教*育*名*师3.记叙的详略:回答的基本格式是“什么内容与什么中心或人物关系不大,所以略写。
或者是什么内容与什么中心或中心人物关系密切,能够更好的表达什么中心或更好的表现什么中心人物,所以详写。
”21-cnjy*com4.记叙的顺序及其作用:常见的有四种:顺叙、倒叙、插叙、和补叙。
顺叙的作用是:按事情的发展为序,使叙事的层次更清楚。
倒叙的作用是:构成强烈的悬念,吸引读者阅读下文。
插叙的作用是:对主要的情节起纯托或补充作用。
补叙的作用是:起补充、丰富、深化叙述的作用,使叙事更严谨,有时也起到突处强调的作用。
5.记叙的线索:记叙的线索可分为:以人为线,以物为线,以事为线,以人物思想感情变化为线(考查的较多),以时空转移为线。
(这类题时常以填写题目出现)回答此题的关键是看文章的标题,文章的标题往往就是全文的线索;其次是关注文中反复出现的关键词语,这个词语一般也就是文章的线索。
6.记叙文人物描写方法:外貌描写、心理描写、动作描写、语言描写和神态描写;概括描写和细节描写;正面描写和侧面描写等。
一般是以这样的题型出现:怎样的人物形象?对人物刻画的具体方法?并用例句进行分析其作用是怎样的?(比如:“————”句就是通过什么描写刻画了一个什么样的人物形象?)7.记叙文里的环境描写及其作用:(以自然环境描写考查的居多)自然环境的作用:表现了人物的心理活动;渲染气氛;为下文做铺垫;推动故事情节的发展。
记叙文(小说和散文)阅读专题

期末复习专题3记叙文(小说和散文)阅读专题【考点搜索】1.对记叙的要素的考查,2.对记叙文主旨的考查,3.对记叙线索的考查,4.对记叙顺序的考查,5.对记叙文中描写、议论和抒情的作用的考查,6.对记叙文中重点语句和关键性词语的考查,7.对探究、欣赏记叙文文本内容与艺术特色的考查,【方法指津】1.理清记叙的要素。
这包括时间、地点、人物、事件的原因、经过和结果。
掌握六要素,有助于分析文章的结构,理清事情的发生、发展的脉络,概括文章中心或段落大意。
事件的起因、经过、结果这三个要素,是记叙文的主体部分,内容的展现,人物的塑造,中心的表达,就是通过这些来实现的。
2.学会感知记叙文的主旨。
这就必须从整体上去把握感知,切忌拘泥、局限某一局部纠缠不清,即使是某一片段、段落的分析,也必须立足于文章的整体去思考、探究,掌握整体和部分之间的有机联系,在抓住本质的基础上进行合理、精确、完备的概括。
3.理清记叙的线索。
记叙文的线索是贯穿全文始终的一条脉落,体现材料之间的内在联系,它把所有材料联结成一个有机体。
可以作线索的事物是多种多样的,大致分为:以具体事物或事物的特征为线索;以人物或人物的特征为线索;以中心事件为线索;以思想感情为线索;以时间推移或空间变换为线索。
同时,要学会一定的技巧,即注意题目、文中多次出现的字眼、议论抒情的句子。
4.把握记叙的顺序。
为了表达主题思想的需要,对记叙的材料必然要作一个主从、先后、详略的安排。
记叙人的活动和事件的过程,可以按照时间先后或事件发展过程来写;也可以打破事物本来的发展顺序,把最后结局或发展过程中某一突出事件提到前面先写,然后再回过头来按照事件发生发展的顺序叙述;也可以在叙述的过程中,暂时中断,插入另一段与中心有关的内容,然后继续进行原来的叙述。
这就形成了记叙文的顺叙、倒叙、插叙等几种叙述方式,成为记叙文体的一个特点。
阅读记叙文,把握住文章记叙的顺序,应从以下两个方面人手,才能获得较好的阅读效果:一是分辨文章记叙的顺序类型;二是思考文章为什么要运用这样的顺序。
记叙文阅读专题课件(共54张PPT)

5、联想:丰富文章内容,使人物形象更丰满 生动,性格更鲜明突出,情节更生动感人; 使文章更有内涵,增强文学性。 6、想象:为塑造形象、表现主题服务,使读 者接受美的陶冶。 7、虚实结合:突出事物的特点和本质特征, 更鲜明的刻画人物的性格,集中地揭示主旨。 8、托物言志:含蓄、富有哲理和暗示性,使 读者在欣赏中获得独特的美感享受。 9、直抒胸臆:直接表达表达思想和情感,使 读者受到感染。
一、记叙文阅读
【梳理知识 查漏补缺】
一、什么是写作手法(写法)
是作者为表情达意而采取的有效艺 术手段。写作技巧受限于作者的世界观、 艺术观,同时又作用于他的写作实践, 为写作活动服务。
二、写作手法的分类:
1、表达方式:记叙(叙述)、说明、 议论、描写、抒情。
2、修辞手法:比喻、拟人、夸张、 对偶、排比、反复、反问、设问、 引用等。
白描的作用:让被描写的对象主体突出,简洁明了, 准确传神;给读者留下丰富的想象和再创造空间; 烘托气氛,表现力强,增强文章的感染力。 细描的作用 具体生动地表现人物或事物形象,更好地表现主旨; 感染力强,使人能身临其境,给读者留下深刻印象。
5、议论:增强文章表达效果,提高战斗性;明确文 章主题,揭示蕴含的思想意义;贯通文脉紧凑篇章结 构。
• 2.叙事类的记叙文:通过叙述事件,写出事情的起因、经过和 结果来表现文章的主题。《台阶》、《社戏》。
• 3.写景类的记叙文:通过描绘寄托作者的思想感情。《春》。 • 4.状物类的记叙文:通过写物表达作者的思想感情。《海燕》。
知识点3 • “六要素”指时间、地点、人物以及事件的起因、经过、结果。 • 提醒:并非所有的记叙文都必须满足“六要素”,有些文章中,某
(四)结构手法及其作用
1、照应(前后照应、首尾呼应):使情节完整,结 构严谨,中心突出。使文章结构紧凑,气势贯通,总 结全文,增强表达效果;突出主题,深化主题。 2、过渡:承上启下,结构严谨,浑然一体;前后呼 应;转移话题、连接事件,转换场景;思路清晰、转 换自然;衔接紧密,上下连贯。 3、衔接:使诗文上下文之间取得连接与过渡的一种 写作技法。主要作用是保持意义上的连贯、文句的流 畅和行文的变化。 4、悬念:使文章张弛有度,情节曲折,吸引读者。 层层设疑,紧紧地抓住读者的阅读兴趣,更好地达到 了表达自己主题的目的。
记叙文阅读专题24篇(含答案)

全国中考语文真题分类汇编:记叙文阅读专题(共24篇)目录1.栅栏两边苹果甜 (2)2.天空没有多余的星星 (4)3.木刻猴子(林文义) (6)4.石崖上的枣树(刘成章) (9)5.雪白(王开岭) (11)6.家徽(余华) (13)7.消失的故乡(谢冕) (15)8.寻找(马德) (17)9.地铁客的风格(毕淑敏) (19)10.微尘远,山花近(秦锦屏) (22)11.老师! 老师!(阎连科) (25)12.继父(张亚凌) (27)13.谢谢你,曾经允许我不爱 (29)14.燃烧的木棉(梁惠娣) (31)15.《汉字书法之美》自序(蒋勋) (33)16.守候一株水仙(朱钟洋) (35)17.那些乡间的事物(贾维秀) (38)18.素颜如雪 (40)19.奇怪的西方记者(邓笛) (42)20.雕花烟斗(冯骥才) (44)21.炸豆(阿慧) (46)22.乡村一树寂寞红(杜忠书) (48)23.老汪栗子(明前茶) (50)24.杏荫井台(杨闻宇) (52)1栅栏两边苹果甜①艾尔和胡安住在普韦布洛村村口两幢并排的房子里,尽管他们的房子十分相似,但艾尔家的庭院里有一棵枝繁叶茂的大苹果树,而胡安家却没有。
在艾尔看来,除了家人和好脾气,胡安拥有的东西很少。
②春天,苹果树蓬蓬勃勃地开出满树的粉色花朵;秋天,苹果树的枝头缀满红艳、甜美的果实。
这时,艾尔每天都会对着苹果树吹嘘一番:“我的苹果树开出的花最美丽,结出的果实最甜美,这使我成为普韦布洛村最棒、最幸福的人!”“那的确是棵很美的苹果树。
”胡安赞同地说,“你也让我们一同欣赏它的美丽,我感觉很开心。
”听到别人也从他的苹果树上获取益处,艾尔的幸福减少了一大半。
他越想越不高兴,为了独享苹果树恩赐的幸福,他悄悄地建造了一道高高的栅栏。
③尽管如此,有一年春天,艾尔还是沮丧地看到,苹果树的一根枝条已悄悄伸进了邻居家的庭院。
艾尔想:“我不能剪掉它,秋天它还会结出很多的苹果呢。
专题07记叙文阅读-原卷版-2020-2021学年江苏省各地五年级下册语文期末真题分类汇编

专题07记叙文阅读学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________一、现代文阅读(2021·江苏苏州·五年级期末)阅读与感悟。
牧场之国(节选)到了傍晚,才看见有人驾着小船过来,坐上小板凳,给严肃沉默的奶牛挤奶。
金色的晚霞铺在西天,远处偶尔传来汽笛声,接着又是一片(寂静平静)。
①在这里,谁都不叫喊吆喝,牛脖子上的铃铛也没有响声,挤奶的人更是默默无言。
②运河之中,装满奶桶的船只在(舒缓缓缓)平稳地行驶。
满载着一罐一罐牛奶的汽车、火车,不停地开往城市。
车船过后,一切又恢复了平静。
最后一抹晚霞也渐渐消失了,整个天地都暗了下来。
狗不叫了,圈里的牛也不再发出哞哞声,马也忘记了踢马房的挡板。
沉睡的牲畜,无声的低地,漆黑的夜晚,只有远处的几座灯塔在闪烁着微弱的光芒。
这就是真正的荷兰。
1.从括号里选择合适的词语。
2.选文主要描写了“牧场之国”的两个时间场景:即______和______,写出了荷兰______的特点。
3.选文主要用了______描写和______描写,其中第①处划线句子属于______描写,第②处划线句子句属于______描写。
4.选文中为什么要描写汽笛声和车船的来往?你觉得作者这样写的作用是什么?_______________________________________________________________________________ _____________5.对“这就是真正的荷兰”这句话理解不正确的一项是()A.这是作者在向人们介绍荷兰的特点。
B.这是全文的中心句,作者反复强调,表达了对荷兰的赞叹之情。
C.这句话在文中出现了四次,既有总结,也有引出下文,有一咏三叹之效。
D.反复强调“真正的荷兰”,是作者在向读者纠正对荷兰的错误认识。
(2021·江苏苏州·五年级期末)阅读。
专题11:记叙文阅读一(知识串讲)-七年级语文下学期期中期末考点大串讲(部编版)

专题11 记叙文阅读一一、记叙文及六要素记叙文是以记叙、描写为主要表达方式,以记人、叙事、写景、状物为主要内容的文章。
现代文中的小说、散文、传记、回忆录、游记、通讯等,都属于记叙文的范畴。
它的主要特点是通过生动的形象和事件来反映生活,表达作者的思想感情;文章的中心思想蕴涵在具体材料之中,是通过对人、事、景物的生动描写来表现的。
记叙文的另一特点,就是以记叙为主,运用多种表达方,包括描写、说明、议论和抒情等。
记叙文的六要素是:(1)人物(2)时间(3)地点(4)事件起因(5)经过(6)结果二、记叙文常见考点及答题方法(一)理解重点词语重要词语是指文中有助于揭示主旨,或刻画人物形象,或表达人物情感,或表达事物特征,或体现语言特色的词语。
这个词可能不再具备词典里的含义,而是特定语句中的特殊含义(语境义)或表达事物特征,或体现语言特色的词语。
1.常见题型(1)加点词语在文中具体指什么?或结合文义,谈谈你对加点词语的理解。
(2)结合语境,说说句中加点词的含义及其作用。
(3)“××”段中“××”词语的用意是什么?(4)体会加点词语在表达上有什么好处;或结合上下文说说下列句子中加点词的妙处;或体会加点词语有怎样的表达效果?(5)“××”词可否删除,或把句子中的“××”词改成“××”词好不好?为什么?2.解题思路(1)理解词语含义方法。
①表层含义(词典义+结合文章内容);②深层含义(词不离句,结合语境;区别词典义,不离词典义;关注手法的运用;体会词语的感情色彩)。
(2)赏析词语的妙用①用词角度(动词、形容词、副词、叠词、拟声词……词义大小、感情色彩);②人物描写(外貌、语言、动作、神态、心理);③修辞手法(比喻、拟人、夸张、反语、……);④表现手法(化动为静、化静为动、象征、对比……)。
(3)赏析词语的解题思路①从语义上理解:词语本义+语境义(内容义、比喻义、象征义、主旨义)+作用、效果(对表现文章主旨、塑造人物形象、烘托人物心情、渲染气氛等方面的作用);②从词性角度理解:句子运用××词,具体准确(生动形象/贴切传神)地描写了____(人、物)___(××情况下××的特点/样子、动作、神态等),表现了××。
中考专题-记叙文阅读-课件118张PPT.ppt

《植树的牧羊人》中“他的那条 大狗也像主人一样,安静,忠厚,
写) 别人的评价、议论来描写人物或事 不张扬”,通过对牧羊人大狗的
物。
(续表)
描写类别
特点及作用
教材示例
根据 侧面
描写 描写 作用:①使人物或事件更加突出;②使 描写,从侧面表现牧羊人的
角度 (间接 主题更加深刻、含蓄。
性格特点。
分类 描写)
“我”背起母亲,妻子背起儿子,一起走小路
2. 记叙顺序
记叙顺序
特点及作用
教材示例
顺叙 倒叙
特点:按时间先后,叙述事情的发生、
发展和结果,或以空间、地点的转换顺
序进行叙述。
《散步》依次写了事情的起因、
出现矛盾、解决矛盾、结局。
作用:使叙事有头有尾,脉络清楚,条
理清晰。
特点:先写事件的结果,或把事件高潮 《走一步,再走一步》开头写道:
动么豪放、多么火烈
的舞蹈哇——安塞腰鼓”,通过
作用:①塑造人物,表现主题;② 对安塞腰鼓的场面描写,烘托了
渲染气氛,烘托事物;③明示、暗 安塞腰鼓的精彩。
点主题。
场面描写与环境描写的不同在于:环境描写是描写人物活动的客观环境,是“静 态”的描写;而场面描写是以人物活动为中心的“动态”的描写。
4. 记叙线索 线索是作者组织材料的思路在文章中的反映,是贯穿于全文的脉络。
线索类型
特点
教材示例
物线 以具体事物或事物的特征为线索 《灯笼》:以“灯笼”为线索。
人线 事线 感情线
以人物动作行为变化、思想性格的 《我的叔叔于勒》:以“我”的所见
发展、所见所闻为线索
所闻为线索。
以中心事件(或事件发展)为线索 《故乡》:以“回故乡、在故乡、离 故乡”为线索。
1-专题十三 中考部编版记叙文阅读

⑨刚从坡里回家的邻家大伯,背上的蜡条筐里盛着刚割下的鲜嫩韭 菜。走在大街上,只听他远远地喊着,头刀子韭菜——无公害的!上前 一闻,泥土的气味弥漫开来,正好可做晚饭的菜肴。隔壁院子里两棵香 椿的枝丫上,早已冒出红绒绒的芽头。女主人轻轻掰下几枝嫩芽,用刀 切成碎末,再打上鸡蛋搅匀,热油烧锅,下锅翻炒,香椿芽炒鸡蛋的香 味飘向四方。
③春风是一寸一寸地来到的,她边走边为大地褪去寒衣,然后一点 一点着上春色,直至冬衣褪尽,春色满园。
④燕子每到春天便会跟随春风按时返回村庄,寻找它曾经的家园。 它们打扫干净亲手营造的巢房,白天在野外觅食,傍晚在村街上游戏。 春风中,家雀在墙头嬉闹,鹁鸪鸟在屋脊上追逐,斑鸠在柳树枝头上下 翻飞,上百只灰喜鹊在杨树、梧桐树的枝丫上安营扎寨,远远望去,一 个个喜鹊的家在春风中摇曳。
向晚,袭来暖暖春意。远处西山
批注 1:“远处西山落日,霞光万道,近处 炊烟袅袅,白云悠悠”运用对偶修辞,句
落日,霞光万道,近处炊烟袅袅,式齐整,音韵和谐,读来朗朗上口,表现
白云悠悠。小街整洁一新,小院 了傍晚村庄的美丽景色,表达了作者的喜
氤氲着浓郁的烟火气息。晚饭 爱之情。 批注 2:“小街整洁一新……再看一看天南
⑤麦田脱去叶片上的灰白,伸展开蜷缩的腰肢,将深绿色在田野里 铺展。紫叶李花团锦簇,红玉兰含苞待放,连翘灿烂,碧桃俏丽,紫荆 花争艳……村庄的册页里,赤橙黄绿青蓝紫,一股脑儿展示。
⑥流水潺潺,小河是系在村庄胸前的绸带,更是大地的血脉。这里 是鹅鸭的天堂,它们在河中觅食、嬉戏,还在河面上唱着“鹅鹅鹅”“嘎 嘎嘎”的歌。河边垂柳依依,那鹅黄色的芽苞,将河水映绿染黄。
⑩一片云彩在村庄的上空盘旋,一会儿春雨便下起来,斜风细雨, 不疾不徐。春雨贵如油,老天知道村庄的心事。拾掇完农具刚从坡里回 家的村民,也不急于赶路避雨,直让那细雨淋头。从头到脚仿佛在享受 甘霖。春风细雨,浇灌着干渴的大地。浇灌着村庄的根系。根系滋润, 才会枝繁叶茂,蓬勃生长出一个丰盈袭来暖暖春意。远处西山落日, 霞光万道,近处炊烟袅袅,白云悠悠。小街整洁一新,小院氤氲着浓郁 的烟火气息。晚饭后,乡邻们打开微信,聊会儿天,再看一看天南海北 的信息。鸟归巢,鸡上宿,牛羊归圈。真是一派人间好景致。
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记叙文阅读专题二
理解重点句子在文中的含义和作用
考点精析重点句子一般考查:①点明题旨的句子;②描写、议论、抒情的句子;③总结全文的句子;④相互照应的句子和起承上启下作用的过渡句;⑤运用各种修辞手法的句子(如比喻、拟人、夸张、排比、对偶、反复、反语、设问、反问,引用等)。
理解重点句子含义主要是指能体味句子所表达的思想感情;揣摩句子表达的本义等。
理解重点句子在文中的作用主要指句子理解所运用的修辞手法及表达方式的表达效果;句子在文章内容和结构上的作用等。
一、真题再现,题型归纳
1、考查重点语句在文中的含义。
2、考查重点语句在文中的作用。
3、考查重点句子在文中的含义和作用。
二、试题引领,方法总结
例句分析探讨
例①山如眉黛,小屋恰似眉梢间的痣一点。
(选自李乐薇的《我的空中楼阁》)试分析这句话在文中的含义和作用
答:运用修辞手法,将比作是,形象生动地表现出
了的特点,表达了作者之情。
答题模式:运用比喻的修辞方法,将⋯⋯(本体)比作⋯⋯(喻体)形象生动地表现了(本体)⋯⋯的特点,表达了作者⋯⋯之情。
真题演练
寒冷,使我们生命所需要的盐呀。
(黄明山《寒冷的味道》)问题:请从修辞角度理解这句话在文中的含义和作用。
答:
例②那些密密实实拥挤在温暖的山谷中的松树,干直枝肥,针叶鲜碧,慵懒而富态;而这
些山顶上绝壁松却是枝干瘦硬,树叶黑绿,矫健又强悍。
(选自冯骥才的《黄山绝壁松》)这句话运用了什么修辞手法有什么作用
答:运用的修辞手法,将和对比,强调了突出,表达作者之情。
答题模式:运用了对比修辞方法,强调了⋯⋯,突出了⋯⋯,表达了⋯⋯
真题演练
在西域,那曾经三十六国的繁华,那曾经狂嘶的烈马,腾燃的狼烟,飞旋的胡舞,激愤的羯鼓肃穆的佛子,缓行的商队,⋯⋯都已被那浩茫茫的大漠洗礼得苍凉斑驳。
仅仅千年,只剩下残破的驿道,荒凉的古城,七八匹孤零零的骆驼⋯⋯。
当然,还剩下胡杨,还剩下胡杨簇簇金黄的叶,倚在白沙与蓝天间,一幅醉人心魄的画,令人震撼无声。
(《西风胡杨》)划线句运用了什么修辞手法在文中有什么含义和作用
答:
提示:其它修辞方法的作用和答题模式
设问:引起读者对⋯⋯特性的注意和思考。
反问、反复:强调了⋯⋯,加强语气。
夸张:强调了⋯⋯,突出了⋯⋯。
引用:引用:引用⋯⋯资料(故事、诗句、俗语等),丰富了文章的内容,增强了人文性。
方法小结
方法一:品味修辞,挖掘内涵。
模式:确认修辞方法+修辞本身作用+内容表达(结合语境)
例③母亲那种勤劳俭朴的习惯,母亲那种宽厚仁慈的态度,至今还在我心中留有深刻的印象。
(选自朱德的《回忆我的母亲》中间)
划线句子在全文中起什么作用
答:在结构上起作用,统领下文;在内容上。
例④所以,这世上不是被爱得愈多的人,愈懂得回报爱。
反而爱得愈多的人,愈会加深地去爱!直到有一天:他自己做了父母,才知道来自前人的爱有多么伟大。
(选自刘墉《点一盏灯》的结尾)
请理解划线句的含义和作用。
答:含义:
作用:
真题演练我爱我母亲,特别是她勤劳一生,很多事情是值得我永远回忆的。
(选自朱德《回忆我的母亲》的开头)
文章开头句子对全文而言有什么作用
答:在内容上
在结构上
方法小结
方法二:把握位置,领悟作用
答题模式
内容上:主要是点明主旨或表达作者的感受,画龙点睛,总结全文等。
结构上:
开头句:总领全文;点题;设置悬念;为下文作铺垫等。
中间句:承上启下。
结尾句:总结全文,点明主旨;呼应前文等。
例⑤可是他穿过铁道,要爬上那边月台,就不容易了。
他用两手攀着上面,两脚再向上缩;
他肥胖的身子向左微倾,显出努力的样子,这时我看见他的背影,我的泪很快地流下来了。
(朱自清《背影》)
仔细揣摩,思考文中的描写有什么妙处
答:运用描写(细节描写),写出了,表现了。
答题模式:运用动作描写,写出了⋯⋯,表现了⋯⋯
真题演练
我到了自家的房外,我的母亲早已迎着出来了,接着便飞出了八岁的侄儿宏儿。
答:
例⑥时候既然是深冬;渐近故乡时,天气又阴晦了,冷风吹进船舱中,呜呜的响,从蓬隙向外一望,苍黄的天底下,远近横着几个萧索的荒村,没有一些活气。
我的心禁不住悲
凉起来了。
(鲁迅《故乡》)
问题:划线句属于什么描写,有什么作用
答:描写。
描写了的特点,为后文写记忆中的故乡作铺垫,烘托心情。
环境描写的答题模式:描写了⋯⋯的特点,为⋯⋯交代背景(做铺垫),烘托
了⋯⋯心情。
真题演练
海参崴的海与别处不同,深灰色的迷蒙中透露出巨大的恐怖。
⋯⋯其实岂止是我们,连海鸥也只在岸边盘旋,不敢远翔,四五条猎犬在沙滩上对着海浪狂吠,但才吠几声又缩脚逃回。
逃回后又回头吠叫,呜呜的风声中永远夹带着这种凄惶的吠叫声,直到深更半夜。
(余
秋雨的《垂钓》)
划线句描写的景物有什么特点在文中起什么作用
答:
例⑦心许子午兰。
唯愿我的爱从尘世的喧嚷中沉静地滤出,作别繁复与火爆,携着一个简约的梦想,步入一种全新的纯美境界⋯⋯(《心许子午兰》结尾)
划线句属于什么表达方式有什么作用
答:。
抒发作者,表达作者。
总结全文,升华主题。
答题模式:确认表达方式+表达方式本身的作用+内容表达(结合语境)
真题演练
天下所有慈母的跪拜,包括动物在内,都是神圣的。
(《藏羚羊的跪拜》结尾)这句话有什么含义就全文而言有什么作用
答:
方法小结
方法三:确认方式,紧扣主题
提醒:还可以从常用的写作手法如象征、衬托、对比等方面分析句子的含义和作用。
三、课堂小结
一、理解重点语句在文中的含义和作用的原则
1、结合语境,整体把握。
2、分析特点,紧扣主题。
3、代入语境,检查效果。
二、理解重点句子在文中的含义和作用的方法
1、品味修辞,挖掘内涵。
2、把握位置,领悟作用。
3、确认方式,紧扣主题。
四、中考模拟训练阅读下文按要求答题
黄山绝壁松冯骥才
山上有名气的松树颇多。
如迎客松、望客松、黑虎松、连理松等等,都是游客们争相拍照的对象。
①但我说的不是这些名松,而是那些生在极顶和绝壁上不知名的野松。
②黄山全是石峰。
裸露的巨石侧立千仞,光秃秃没有土壤。
③尤其那些极高的地方,天寒风疾,草木不生,苍鹰也不去那里,一棵棵松树却破石而出,伸展着优美而碧绿的长臂,显示其独具的气质。
世人赞叹它们独绝的姿容,很少去想在终年的烈日下或寒风中,
它们是怎样存活和生长的。
一位本地人告诉我,这些生长在石缝里的松树,根部能够分泌一种酸性的物质腐蚀石头的表面,使其化为养分被自己吸收。
为了从石头里寻觅生机,也为了牢牢抓住绝壁,以抵抗不期而至的狂风的撕扯与摧折,它们的根日日夜夜与石头搏斗着,最终不可思议地穿入坚如钢铁的石体。
细心便能看到,这些松根在生长和壮大
时常常把石头从中挣裂么树木有如此顽强的生命力
! 还有什我在迎客松后边的山崖上仰望一处绝壁,看到一条长长的石缝里生着一株幼小的松树。
它
高不及一米,却旺盛而又有活力。
显然曾有一颗松子飞落到这里,在这冰冷的石缝间,什么养料也没有,它却奇迹般生根发芽,生长起来。
如此幼小的树也能这般顽强这力量是来自物种本身,还是在一代代松树坎坷的命运中磨砺出来的我想,一定是后者。
我发现,山上之松与山下之松很不一样。
那些密密实实拥挤在温暖的山谷中的松树,干直枝肥,针叶鲜碧,慵懒而富态;而这些山顶上绝壁松却是枝干瘦硬,树叶黑绿,矫健而强悍。
这绝壁之松是被恶劣与凶险的环境强化出来的。
它强劲和富于弹性的树干,是长期与风雨搏斗的结果;它远远地伸出的枝叶是为了更多地吸取阳光⋯⋯这一代代艰辛的生存记忆,已经化为一种个性的基因,潜入绝壁松的骨头里。
因此,它们才有着如此非凡的性格与精神。
它们站立在所有人迹罕至的地方。
那些荒峰野岭的极顶,那些下临万丈的悬崖峭壁,那些凶险莫测的绝境,常常可以看到三两棵甚至只有一棵孤松,十分夺目地立在那里。
它们彼此姿态各异,也神情各异,或英武,或肃穆,或孤傲,或寂寞。
远远望着它们,会心生敬意;但它们——只有站在这些高不可攀的地方,才能真正看到天地的浩荡与博大。
但是,别以为它们全像画中的松树那么漂亮。
有的枝干被狂风吹折,暴露着断枝残干,但另一些枝叶仍很苍郁;有的被酷热与冰寒打败,只剩下赤裸的枯骸,却依旧尊严地挺立在绝壁之上。
于是,一个强者应当有的品质——刚强、坚韧、适应、忍耐、奋取与自信,它全都具备。
④现在可以说了,在黄山这些名绝天下的奇石奇云奇松中,石是山的体魄,云是山的情感,而松——绝壁之松是山的灵魂。
1、划线句①在文中起什么作用
2、划线句②运用了什么表达方式有什么表达效果
3、对划线句③你是怎么理解的
4、划线句④属于什么表达方式有什么作用。