过去分词表状态集锦

过去分词表状态集锦

先请看下面两道高考题：

1. （2005年全国春）__ with a difficult situation, Arnold decided to ask his boss for advice.

A. To face

B. Having faced

C. Faced

D. Facing

2. （2005年湖南）_____ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.

A. Dressed

B. To dress

C. Dressing

D. Having dressed

【解析】正确答案为1.C 2.A。但许多学生却误选了D和C，以为Arnold与face，he与dress是主动关系。其实，这里faced和dressed都已由过去分词转化为形容词，构成系表结构，此时这种动词已不再强调动作，而是表示状态。它们常呈现“be+过去分词+prep.（by除外）或不定式”形式。为便于学习掌握，笔者现将表示状态的过去分词分类介绍如下：

1. 用于“be+过去分词+to”结构中的过去分词

常见的有：accustomed/used（习惯），addicted（沉溺于），astonished（惊讶），devoted（致力于），determined（决定），engaged（订婚），exposed（遭受），known（已知），married（结婚），opposed（反对），prepared（准备），related（相关）等。例如：

①That young man is addicted to drugs.那个年轻人吸毒成瘾。

②The matter related to your future can’t be

taken for granted.

和你前途相关的事情不能想当然。

③As is known to all, paper was first made in China.

众所周知，纸是中国人发明的。

④She is strongly opposed to their plan.

她强烈反对他们的计划。

⑤I left the place, determined never to come

back again.

我离开了那个地方，决心再也不回去了。

2. 用于“be+过去分词+with”结构中的过去分词

常见的有：armed（配备），connected（相关），covered（覆盖），crowded（挤满），faced （面对），fed up（厌烦），filled（充满），pleased（高兴），satisfied（满意），tired（劳累）等。例如：

①The classroom is crowded with people.教室里挤满了人。

②Filled for the moment with extraordinary

strength, the wounded boy raised himself completely.

受伤的男孩一下子使出了非凡的力气，（使自己）完全站了起来。

③When he woke up, he found the ground

covered with snow.

他醒来时发现地上尽是雪。

④The peaceful meeting ended when the factory sent out a group of angry men armed with sticks to f ight with the citizens.

这次和平会谈因该厂放出一群挥舞棍棒穷凶极恶的打手而告终。

3. 用于“be+过去分词+in”结构中的过去分词

常见的有：absorbed（全神贯注），engaged（从事），involved（参与），lost（陷入），seated （坐在），situated/located（位于）等。例如：

①Absorbed in his own work, he neglected food and sleep.

由于全神贯注于自己的工作，他忘记了吃饭和睡觉。

②The guests seated in the front row come from Africa.

坐在前排的客人来自非洲。

③He is involved in working out a plan.

他专心一意地订计划。

4. 用于“be+过去分词+about”结构中的过去分词

常见的有：concerned（担心；关心），worried（担心）等。

①There is no need to be worried about him.

没有必要为他担心。

②The doctors are concerned about his health.

医生们都担心他的健康情况。

5. 用于“be+过去分词+of”结构中的过去分词

常见的有：convinced（相信），informed（了解），tired（厌烦）等。例如：

①we’ll keep you informed of the latest development.

我们随时让你了解最新的发展情况。

②She was tired of talking to these people.

和这些人谈话，她感到厌烦。

金题精练

1. _____ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police.

A. Having lost

B. Lost

C. Being lost

D. Losing

2. Mr. Smith, ____ of the ___ speech, started to read a novel.

A. tired；boring

B. tiring；bored

C. tired；bored

D. tiring；boring

3. Laws that punish parents for their little children’s actions against the laws get parents ______.

A. worried

B. to worry

C. worrying

D. worry

4. Don’t use words, expressions or phrases _____ only to people with special knowledge.

A. being known

B. having been known

C. to be known

D. known

5. Do you know the man _____ in the corner of the room with a notebook in his hand?

A. seat

B. seated

C. seating

D. to seat himself

6. Last night, I saw Tom in bed, _____ in deep thought.

A. lose

B. losing

C. lost

D. to lose

7. My daughter, _____ a nice young doctor two years ago, will get married next month.

A. got engaged to

B. got engaged in