nba篮球知识百科中英文互译

travelling 走步Even professional players sometimes

get penalized for travelling.

the violation of moving with the ball

without dribbling correctly

turnover 失误Good players protect the ball to stop

opposition players from making a

turnover.

a player loses the ball to a member

of the other team without taking a

shot

violation 违例Two of the most common violations in

junior basketball are

double-dribbling and travelling.

an infraction of the rules

Basketball is played by millions of people, both men and women, in all parts of the world. Professional basketball is watched by millions more on TV. The game is played between two teams, with five players per team allowed on the court at any one time. Points are scored by getting the ball through a hoop called 'the goal' or 'the basket', and the team scoring the most points wins.

History

In 1891, Dr. James Naismith, a Canadian physical education instructor at YMCA Training School in Springfield, Massachusetts, USA, decided to create a new indoor game to keep his students fit during the cold winter months. He experimented with a team game in which players threw a soccer ball to each other and scored by throwing it into a peach basket nailed high on a wall. Later that year he wrote the first version of the rules of what he now called

'Basket Ball'. In 1906, the baskets were replaced by metal hoops in front of backboards. The ball still had to pass through the hoop from above to score a goal, however, as it did when baskets were used.

The game soon spread to other U.S. schools and universities. In the early twentieth century, basketball competitions and leagues were set up all over North America, but most didn't last long. Then, in 1946, the Basketball Association of America (BAA) was formed to organize the top professional teams in the U.S.A. and Canada into one professional league. The BAA became the National Basketball Association (NBA) in

1949, and today the NBA is the world's top professional basketball league.

Most of the world's best players are with NBA teams, attracted by the

competition's popularity, its high standard of play, and the high salaries.

How the Game Works

Basketball is played on a rectangular court 28 metres long and 15 metres

wide (approx. 92 ft by 49 ft) with a basket at a height of 3.05 metres (10 ft) at

each end. Most indoor courts have a floor made of wood. Points are scored

by throwing the ball through the opponents' basket. A goal scored from

inside the three-point line earns two points (see diagram at right), and a goal

scored from outside the three-point line earns three points, and goals from

free throws earn one point.