Automatic_door_and_its_control_system_introduction(自动门及其控制系统简介)

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Eaton 自动迁移开关说明书

Unmatched performance, safety and serviceabilityFeatures and benefitsProven performance and reliability•Automatic bypass switch and ATS provide unparalleled operational redundancy •Automatic, Non-Automatic and Manual operation modes provide reliable transferregardless of circumstances •UL 1008 listed short-circuit (100 kA) and short-time (85 kA) current ratingsmaximize system reliability and uptime•Tethered remote control supports non-automatic transfer outside of the arc flash boundaryEnhanced safety•Unique three-door,compartmentalized design provides protective steel barriers between workers and energized components •All doors open and close independently to reduce exposure to other compartments•Integral safety interlocks automatically open main contacts prior to the ATS or bypass switch being withdrawn and isolated for test•Shutters automatically close when the ATS or bypass switch is being racked out,providing bus isolationEaton has expanded its comprehensive portfolio ofUL T 1008 listed bypass isolation automatic transfer switch (ATS) solutions with contactor-type designs specifically engineered for applications up to 3000 A.Our bypass isolation contactor-type ATSs are not only simple to operate, but also available in a broad selection of configurations and features to meet a wide variety of application requirements.When coupled with our extensive custom engineering capabilities, Eaton’s innovative bypass isolation contactor-type ATS design and robust construction set the standard for maintaining power to critical loads and optimizing system uptime.Improved serviceability•Innovative three-door design eliminates the need to schedule shutdowns for routine maintenance and repair•Maintenance isolationswitch (MIS) permits service personnel to electrically isolate the control compartment and mitigate shock hazard, without downtime for critical loads •Control compartment door and adjoining electrical panel slide forward from the enclosure to provide easy access to wiring and components•Dual drawout design allows the ATS or bypass switch to be withdrawn and isolated for test without interrupting power •Testing can be performed in both Automatic and Non-Automatic operation modesSimplified installation and integration•Terminal connections can be made in the rear at top or bottom, while a source swap option reverses cable ingress location for normal and emergency cables •A cross-bus option isavailable for integration into a switchboard or switchgear lineup and a side cabinet can be added for front-access applications•Internal floor-mount anchors minimize footprint andfacilitate integration into an equipment lineup•Seismic certified to OSHPD, CBC, IBC and UBCFeaturing bypass isolation contactor-type 2000–3000 ADesign featuresDual automatic technologyEaton’s unique design includesan automatic bypass switchand an ATS within a singleassembly to provide unparalleledredundancy and uninterruptedpower to critical loads.Optimize reliabilityand maximize uptimeThe automatic bypass switchand ATS can be racked outand isolated for regular testingto ensure the entire bypassisolation transfer switch ismaintained in proper operatingcondition. Rear shutters isolateelectrical bus during rack-out forimproved safety.Facilitate scheduled maintenanceThe automatic bypass switchand ATS can be fully with-drawn for visual inspection orcompletely removed for benchtesting without impacting auto-matic operation.Enhance worker safetyThe upper and lower doors canbe operated independently tomaintain electrical isolation ofthe energized compartment.T esting… It’s as easy as 1-2-3A three-step operator interfacehelps simplify testing proceduresfor the automatic bypass switchor ATS when racked out to theisolated position.Safe and serviceableEngineered for safety, athree-door compartmentalizedconstruction coupled with anMIS allow personnel to performmaintenance on the bypassisolation transfer switchwhile energized.To mitigate shock hazard, theMIS can be rotated to themaintenance position priorto opening the door,electrically isolating thecontrol compartment fromsystem and control voltages.Once isolated, the controlcompartment door can beopened and adjoining electricalpanel slid forward, allowing atechnician to safely inspect,maintain, troubleshoot and repairelectrical components.Upon completion, the door isclosed and MIS returned to thenormal operation position.Multiple operation modesOperation is possible in threedifferent modes:• Automatic• Non-automatic• ManualIn Automatic mode, the transferswitch is self-acting and atransfer is automatically initiatedby the controller logic.In Non-Automatic mode, thetransfer switch is not self-actingand a transfer is typicallyinitiated by the operatorusing a door-mounted selectorswitch or an optional tetheredremote control.In Manual mode, a transferis manually initiated usingpushbutton controls mounteddirectly on the automatic bypassswitch or ATS.T ethered remote controlATS power transferWith the upper door closed,operators can rack out, isolateand test the bypass switch.With the upper door open,operators can draw out thebypass switch for inspectionor maintenance.Automatic bypasspower transferWith lower door closed,operators can rack out,isolate and test the ATS.With the lower door open,operators can draw outthe ATS for inspectionor maintenance.Control compartment doorand adjoining electrical panelslide forward.MIS electrically isolates thecontrol compartment.Safe, easy and spacious access towiring and components.Electrical load remains connected topower during maintenance procedures.Featuring simplified testing proceduresfor the ATS and automatic bypass switch2EATON Automatic transfer switches (ATS)Product selectionCatalog numbering systemTechnical specificationsDimensions and weightsA Dimension in inches (mm) and weight in lb (kg). Weight reflects three-pole configuration. Data is approximate and subject to change. Please reference product outline drawing(s) for latest information.A Standard mechanical lugs are UL listed, solderless screw-type Cu/Al. Number of conductors and size range shown is per pole.B Two-hole compression lug or bus provisions available upon request. Please contact your local Eaton sales representative for more details.C Only applies to wye system configuration with solid neutral. For four-pole, switched neutral configurations, the number and size of conductors supported will mimic Normal, Emergency andLoad information shown.otee:N Some catalog number combinations may not be available. Please contact your local Eaton sales representative with any product configuration questions.Lower amperage ratings (<2000 A) available upon request.NEMA 3RNEMA 13EATON Automatic transfer switches (ATS)Eaton is a registered trademark.All other trademarks are property of their respective owners.Eaton1000 Eaton Boulevard Cleveland, OH 44122United States © 2018 EatonAll Rights Reserved Printed in USAPublication No. PA140013EN / Z20844May 2018Selective coordinationTransfer switches can be configured with an optional UL 1008 listed short-time withstand closing rating of 85 kA (0.5 seconds) that is ideal for emergency, legally required, critical operations data systems, and critical operations power systems that require selective coordination per the NEC T .ATC-900—intelligent controlEaton’s ATC-900 controller brings ease of use, adaptability, supervisory and programming capabilities to mission-criticalapplications. The 4.3-inch color TFT display provides simple arrow keys for quick screen navigation and easy viewing of event logs as well as recorded time-stamped events. Field configuration ofprogrammable I/O allows user adaptability to special requirements.A Modbus TCP/IP option requires use of Modbus RTU port.HM i Remote Annunciator ControllerEvolving arc flash regulations and requirements for personalprotective equipment are driving more and more end users toward the use of remote monitoring and control devices. Eaton’s HM i Remote Annunciator Controller offers a simple and cost-effective means of providing remote transfer switch management.Remote annunciator controllerCustom-order engineeringIn many cases, standard products can be custom-order engineered to meet unique application needs. For additional information, pleasecontact your local Eaton sales representative./bypassatsFollow us on social media to get thelatest product and support information.。

automatic形容词

automatic形容词“automatic”是一个形容词。

词性解释：形容词用于描述名词的特征或性质。

意思：自动的；无意识的；必然的。

用法：可直接放在名词前作定语，如“automatic door”（自动门）；也可用于系动词后作表语，例如“The machine is automatic.”（这台机器是自动的）。

近义词：self - operating、automated、mechanical（在表示自动运行的意义上相近）。

双语例句：1. My new car has an automatic transmission. It's so cool! I don't need to worry about shifting gears all the time. Just step on the gas and go.2. The automatic sprinkler system in the garden saved my plants during that long dry spell. Without it, my beautiful flowers would have withered away. Ugh, that would have been a disaster!3. She made an automatic response when I asked her the question. It was like she didn't even think about it, just blurted out the answer.4. The automatic coffee maker is a real lifesaver in the morning. I can't start my day without a fresh cup of joe, and this thing just does its job without any fuss.5. His automatic smile when he saw her made it clear that he was really happy to see her. It was that kind of genuine, warm smile that could light up a room.6. The automatic doors at the supermarket are really convenient. They open as if by magic when you approach. It's like they're saying, “Come on in!”7. I have an automatic alarm set on my phone. When it goes off in the morning, it's like a little nudge from a friend, telling me it's time to start the day.8. The automatic payment system for my bills is great. I don't have to remember all those due dates. It's just one less thing to stress about. Hooray for modern technology!9. Some people say that kindness should be automatic. I totally agree. We should just be kind without having to think about it, like breathing.10. The automatic pilot on the plane allows the pilots to relax a bit during long flights. It's like having an extra set of hands that knows exactly what to do.11. When I saw the spider, my reaction was automatic. I jumped back without even realizing it. Yikes! Spiders are not my thing.12. The automatic sorting machine in the post office is really efficient. It can sort thousands of letters in no time. It's like a super - fast letter - sorting wizard.13. His automatic assumption that he was right was a bit annoying. He should have listened to others' opinions too. Oh well, some people are just like that.14. The automatic folding feature on my new phone is amazing. It's so handy when I'm in a hurry and need to put it in my pocket quickly.15. The automatic updates on myputer sometimes drive me crazy. They seem to happen at the most inconvenient times. But I guess it's for the best in the long run.16. In some jobs, following safety procedures should be automatic. It's not something to be taken lightly. One wrong move and it could be a disaster.17. The automatic feeder for my cat makes my life easier. I don't have to be home all the time to feed her. My cat seems to love it too. She's always waiting by it.18. That athlete's automatic reflexes are what make him so great. He can react to the ball in an instant, like a lightning bolt.19. The automatic volume control on the TV is a useful feature. It adjusts the sound depending on the environment. It's like having a personal sound - adjuster.20. I believe that good manners should be automatic. If everyone just had that automatic sense of respect for others, the world would be a much nicer place.。

达奇·三道拉诺第三版第一版第一版说明书

THE POWER OF WHA T IS ESSENTIAL Admire the style of Dacia Sandero, a combination of robustness and dynamic lines: simply stunning. Its front and rear Y-shaped brand light puts the finishing touches on a strong and modern identity. Its LED dipped headlights will light up the road at night like never before.Rear Y-Shaped brand lightBrand lightThe black radiator grille with touches of white adds to its personality. The Sandero spirit that you enjoy so much is also found in the details: in the body-tone door mirror shells and in the range of wheels.ALL YOU NEED IS WITHIN EASY REACHFrom the moment you step in thanks to the automatic remote opening, you feel comfortable in a welcoming and modern setting. Its panoramic dashboard combines elegance and efficiency. The driver-focused dashboard provides easy access to all the functions: intuitive heating and air-conditioning system controls, built-in 8-inch screen with navigation and replication of the applications on your smartphone USB, rear parking sensors, as well as height- and depth-adjustable steering wheel.Keyless entry and start cardInstrument panel with digital displayBUILD YOURS MENUTAKE CONTROL OF THE SPACEDacia Sandero perfectly adapts to your life. And it has the resources, with its large boot and rear folding bench seat, to adapt the space to your requirements. It also comes with a lot of storage space: cup holders, door bin, closed glovebox and storage console that perfectly meet your organisational requirements.Rear bench seat folded down: 1,108 litres of boot volumeBoot volume: 328 litresThe generous width at the shoulders for the driver and the leg room for passengers in the rear provide optimum comfort.SAFE EVERYSTEP OF THE WA YFor Dacia, nothing is more important than constantly improving the safety of our vehicles, and most of all, that of the passengers. What with automatic emergency braking, hill start assist and six airbags (standard) you can relax.Dacia Sandero and Sandero provide everything you need for worry-free driving.AUTOMATIC EMERGENCY BRAKINGSometimes, concentrating and being reactive is not enough. You can rely on Sandero to avoid or mitigate minor accidents. Automatic emergency braking detects collision hazards. If you don’t react or if you don’t react quickly enough, your system triggers and optimises braking.REAR PARKING SENSORS AND REAR-VIEW CAMERAIn the city, all parking spaces are worth taking, even the narrowest ones.You will be won over from the first manoeuvre by the sensing device that warns you with an audible and visual signal as soon as an obstacle is detected at the rear of the vehicle.HILL START ASSISTNo need to stress when you start on a slope! This function immediately prevents the vehicle from moving backwards when you release the brake pedal. You no longer have to grab the parking brake to help you; manoeuvring your vehicle is as easy as ABC.BUILD YOURS MENUCOLOUR PALETTEURBANGREYGLACIERWHITEPEARLBLACKMOONSTONEGREYIRONBLUE(1) Solid paint.(2) Metallic paint.(3) Special paint.Non-binding photosHUBCAPS & WHEELSAMBIANCESESSENTIALMAIN EQUIPMENTEXTERIOR PRESENTATION-New grille integrating the new logoand white decorative inserts-LED signature lighting-LED automatic daytime runninglights-Body-colored front and rear bumpers-Black exterior door handles-Black exterior mirrors-15” Elma wheel trimsINTERIOR PRESENTATION-Fog Grey interior decor elements-Fog Grey air vent surrounds andwhite sliders-Black Titane door panels-Black interior door handles-1/3-2/3 split-folding rear bench seatbackrest-Specific Essential upholstery-Electric door locking with remotecontrol keyACTIVE AND PASSIVE SAFETY-ABS (Anti-lock Braking System) & EBA(Emergency Brake Assist)-Inter-urban Automatic EmergencyBraking System (AEBS)-ESP (Electronic Stability Control) +HSA (Hill Start Assist)-E-call emergency call system-Driver and front passengerdeactivatable airbags-Front thorax and head curtainairbags (front + rear)-Front and rear lateral seat belts withpre-tensioner and load limiter-Tire pressure monitoring system-Hill Start Assist-Tire inflation kit-Isofix child seat mounting system forthe rear side seats-180 kmh / 112 mph Speed LimiterDRIVING AND CONTROL DEVICES-Electric power steering-Stop & Start, ECO mode-On-board computer: distancetraveled, average speed, range,average consumption (including GPL)-Speed limiter with audible warning /cruise controlVISIBILITY-Manual interior mirror adjustmentCOMFORT-Electric front windows for driver andpassenger-Height-adjustable steering wheel-Front ceiling light-1 USB socket in the front-Manual air conditioningAUDIO-Audio pre-equipment-Media Control: DAB radio withsteering wheel controls, integrateddisplay in the on-board computerscreen, fixed smartphone holder onthe dashboard, 4 front speakers,Bluetooth® connection, Dacia MediaControl mobile applicationEXPRESSIONMAIN EQUIPMENTEXPRESSION = ESSENTIAL+EXTERIOR FEATURES-Body-colored mirrors-15” Flexwheel Sorane wheel trimsINTERIOR FEATURES-Fog Grey air vent surrounds-Fog Grey interior door handles-Fabric covering on dashboard andfront door armrests-Expression-specific upholstery-Soft feel steering wheel adjustablefor height and depthDRIVING AND CONTROL DEVICES-Rear parking sensors and reversingcameraVISIBILITY-Fog lights-Electrically adjustable exteriormirrorsCOMFORT-Automatic wipers-Automatic door locking when driving-4 electric windows with driver’s sideone-touch function-Front ceiling light-Keyless entryAUDIO-Media Display: Android Auto™ andApple CarPlay™ compatibility withsmartphone mirroring via wifi or USBcable (DAB radio with 8” touchscreenand 4 speakers).BUILD YOURS MENU Android Auto™ is a trademark of Google Inc. Apple CarPlay™ is a trademark of Apple Inc.Roof spoilerFront & rear lower door protectors Shark fin aerial Front & rear mud guards Illuminated door sillsBoot matACCESSORY PACKSDOWNLOAD THE ACCESSORIES BROCHUREKENWOOD front dash camKENWOOD rear camSwan neck towbar 13 pin £579 inc. fitting Removable towbar 13 pin £687 inc. fittingAll accessories purchased prior to vehicle registration come with a 3 year manufacturers warrantyAccessories are fitted post production and may have an impact on WLTP fuel (actual) consumption and CO 2figuresMagnetic phone holder Storage pack + available with 2 x rear tray tables & fixings £222Roof bars Rear tray table & fixingsRoof box 400LRoof bars 2 x bike carriers for roofSTYLE PACK (ESSENTIAL & EXPRESSION)£375 inc. fittingPROTECTION PACK£285 inc. fittingSTORAGE PACK£120TOURING PACK£449DASH CAM PACK£422 inc. fittingCYCLE PACK£410TOW BARSPremium mats Safety kit Rubber boot matPREMIUM DELIVERY PACKSPREMIUM DELIVERY PACK £95Premium mats Safety kitPREMIUM DELIVERY PACK+ £160Premium mats Safety kitRubber boot matENGINESMENUBUILD YOURS (1) Official consumption and emissions according to applicable regulations. (2) WLTP (Worldwide Harmonized Light Vehicle T est Procedures ): this new protocol provides results much closer to those found in daily use compared to the NEDC protocol. *Fuel consumption and CO 2 emissions are certified using a standard, regulated method. It is identical for all manufacturers and allowsvehicles to be compared.TCe 90TCe 100 Bi-fuelEssential/ExpressionMinimum kerb weight 1,052/1,0721,106/1,128Maximum kerb weight 1,096/1,1201,134/1,160Gross train weight (GTW)2,638/2,6622,678/2,702Maximum permissible laden weight (MPLW)1,538/1,5621,576/1,602Max. braked towing weight1,100/1,1001,100/1,100EQUIPMENT & OPTIONS-: not available; ••: available as standard; o: available as an option.Android Auto™ is a Google Inc. brand. Apple CarPlay™ is an Apple Inc. brand.ESSENTIALEXPRESSIONABS (Anti-lock Braking System) and EBA (Emergency Brake Assist)••Intercity Automatic Emergency Braking (AEBS)••ESP (Electronic Stability Program) + HSA (Hill Start Assist)••Emergency call (E-call)••Driver’s front airbag/passenger’s front airbag can be deactivated•/•••/••Shoulder and curtain side airbags ••Rear parking sensors -•Rear camera-•High central armrest with storage -•Tyre pressure detection ••Spare wheel + jack (except LPG)¤¤Tyre inflation kit••Isofix child seat mounting system on rear side seats ••180 kmh / 112 mph Speed limiter••EQUIPMENT& OPTIONS (CONTINUE)MENUBUILD YOURS -: not available; ••: available as standard; o: available as an option.Android Auto™ is a Google Inc. brand. Apple CarPlay™ is an Apple Inc. brand.ESSENTIALEXPRESSIONMedia Control: DAB radio with controls on thesteering wheel, integrated display on the on-board computer screen, smartphone holder fixed on the dashboard, 2 front speakers, Bluetooth ® connection, Dacia Media Control mobile application•-Media Display: Android Auto™ and Apple CarPlay™ compatibility with smartphone replication via USB cable (DAB radio with 8” touch screen and 4 speakers)-•PRICINGOPTIONSCO 2 G/KM WLTPFUEL TYPECOMBINED FUEL CONSUMPTION (MPG) - WLTPBHPBENEFIT IN KINDVED YEAR 1BASIC PRICEVAT 20%TOTAL RETAILPRICEON THE ROAD PRICE*TCe 90 MY2311953.3 (5.3)£210TCe 100 Bi-Fuel MY23122(Petrol)/109 (LPG)52.3 ( 5.4) & 42.2 (6.7)£200ESSENTIALEXPRESSIONBASIC PRICEVAT 20%TOTAL RETAILPRICEMetallic & opaque paint ¤ ¤£541.67£108.33£650Spare Wheel (excluding Bi-Fuel)¤¤£250.00£50.00£300* ’’On the Road’’ price includes delivery to the dealer premises, number plates, 12 months government road fund license (depending on CO 2 emissions) and First Registration Fee at £55.WE’VE GOTYOU COVEREDYou might think our shockingly affordable prices mean our cars aren’t made to last. Actually, the Dacia range is one tough cookie. To prove it, you get a 3-year* warranty (or 60,000 miles, if you reach that first). This means we will replace any part which has been deemed by a Dacia approved dealer to be defective due to a manufacturing fault, free of charge. To keep the good times rolling, you can extend your warranty up to 7 years for a great price. We also give you a 2-year paintwork and 6-year anti-corrosion warranty, so you can kick back knowing that your Dacia will stay looking good-as-new for years to come.ROADSIDE ASSIST ANCEAlthough our cars are built for plain sailing, you can rely on us if you have a breakdown – 24/7 365, wherever you are in the UK or Northern Ireland. This offer also stands for the first 3 years/60,000 miles∆ after you buy your new Dacia.DACIA CAR INSURANCE 1Dacia Insurance has been specifically created to provide superb protection for you and your car. Unlike most other UK insurers, in the event of an accident, your Dacia will be repaired at a Dacia Approved Bodyshop using only Dacia approved parts and approved repair methods. This maintains your Dacia’s safety rating, protects its resale value and helps to maintain its Dacia warranty^. Dacia Insurance also offers a courtesy car for the duration of a repair at a Dacia Approved Bodyshop.Dacia car insurance: 0330 102 7795 Lines are open Mon - Thurs 8.30am - 7pm, Fri 9am - 6pm, Sat 9am - 5pm SERVICINGDacia Service Plans are the ultimate hassle free way to take care of yourvehicle. Depending on the Service plan you purchase (see opposite grid) your servicing needs are covered and you benefit from;• I nflation Proof Servicing – You know exactly what you’ll pay and there are no hidden costs• P eace of Mind – No matter where life takes you, we’ll be there in over 5000 workshops across Europe• D acia Expertise & Quality – Our highly trained technicians know your Dacia inside outThe Dacia Service Plan contains Dacia services in-line with the manufacturer’s service schedule, plus comes with a complimentary vehicle health check to ensure your Dacia is in the best condition possible.* D acia warranty ends when you reach the age or mileage limit (whichever comes first), from date of registration. Subject tostatus, terms and conditions apply. For full Dacia Extended Warranty Terms and Conditions visit /warranty-and-assistance/warranty∆Roadside assistance for the first 3 year / 60,000 miles, which ever is reached first, from date of registration. For full Terms and Conditions visit /warranty-and-assistance/assistance† Dacia Extended warranties are available to purchase from first date of registration up to end of manufacturer warranty. For full Dacia Extended Warranty Terms and Conditions visit /warranty-and-assistance/warrantyThe monthly service plan offer is available at point of signing agreement for vehicle purchased under HP and PCP finance agreement provided by Dacia Finance Ltd. (Not available on cash purchases).T he Service plan offer is available for eligible retail vehicles only and valid at participating dealers only. Vehicles must be ordered between 3 October to 3 January and registered by 31 March 2024. The Dacia Service plan covers the manufacturer’s minimum maintenance programme requirements for the term of the Service plan purchased (refer to the Warranty and Service sheet in the Handover Document wallet for details). The plan ends when you reach the age or mileage limit (whichever comes first). Services must be carried out in line with the manufacturer’s minimum maintenance programme requirements and servicing intervals within +/- 1 month or 1,000 miles of the service interval and can only be carried out at a Dacia Approved outlet. Service plans do not cover wear and tear items such as (but not limited to) tyres, wiper blades or brakes. For Service plan full Terms & Conditions visit /services-and-finance/service-plan. Cannot be part exchanged, refunded or transferred.◊ T he service schedule and intervals are subject to the registration number. Ask your local dealer to confirm your service schedule / intervals as the above is a guideline.** 36 or 48 monthly payments options are only available at point of signing a finance agreement provided by Dacia Finance, Rivers Office Park, Denham Way, Rickmansworth, WD3 9YS. Guarantees and indemnities may be required. You must be a UK resident (excluding the Channel Islands) and over 18 to apply for finance. Terms and conditions apply.1 D acia Insurance is arranged and administered by Verex Insurance Services Ltd, which is registered in England and Wales No. 05686831 at Batchworth House, Church Street, Rickmansworth, Herts, WD3 1JE and authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority,No. 487185. Verex Insurance Services Ltd arranges policies from a panel of insurers, details are available on request.^If your insurer uses non-approved parts which subsequently fail, they may not be covered under your manufacturer’s warranty.Dacia Extended warranty ends when you reach the age or mileage limit (whichever comes first). For full Warranty Terms and Conditions visit /warranty-and-assistance/assistanceSERVICE PLAN^C a s h P r i c eM o n t h l y p a y m e n t s w i t h D a c i a F i n a n c e **2 years / 20,000 miles Service Plan -£9.99 per month 3 years / 30,000 miles Service Plan £576£12.99 per month 4 years / 40,000 miles Service Plan + 1 MOT£1,056£16.99 per monthSERVICING^ + EXTENDEDWARRANTY PLAN + 1 MOT4 years / 60,000 miles£1,464£17.99 per monthEXTENDED WARRANTY T o t a l R e t a i l P r i c e4 years / 60,000 miles †£1655 years / 60,000 miles †£2756 years / 60,000 miles†£4154 years / 100,000 miles †£4905 years / 100,000 miles †£5656 years / 100,000 miles†£715Y e a r 1Y e a r 2Y e a r 3Cabin filter changeOil change + Cabin filter changeCabin filter change + Brake fluid changeY e a r 4Y e a r 5Y e a r 6Oil change + Cabin filter change + Brake fluid changeCabin filter change +Coolant 150km changeCabin filter change + Belts 150km changeSERVICE INTERV ALS ◊Annual servicing OR servicing at 18,000 miles (whichever comes first)Service Schedule ◊DIMENSIONS1 532,61 518,62,6041,9854,0886668191621,4101,4061,02689887814°14°1,4991,8482,007Dimensions en mm.BOOT(IN DM 3 - VDA ST ANDARD)Minimum boot volume (ISO 3832)328/410Maximum boot volume (ISO 3832)1,108/1,455Volume under false floor (ISO 3832)78TO GOFURTHERAccess the DACIAFacebook accountAccess the DACIATwitter accountAccess the DACIAInstagram accountCLICK AND CONFIGURE。

Lesson开环与闭环控制

general, the etrol system are represented by the
block diagram of Fig.16.1 an input signal
or command γ is applied to the controller,
•Lesson开环与闭环控制
Unite 16 Open-loop and Closed-loop Control
• 当一个系统没有反馈结构时，我们称之为开环系统，这是最简单也是最经济的控制系统。但是，开环控制系统缺少精确度和多方面适应性因此只能在最简单的环境中使用。
•Lesson开环与闭环控制
•Lesson开环与闭环控制
Unite 16 Open-loop and Closed-loop Control
• However, it is quite likely that the house temperature is either above or below the desired value, owing to inaccuracy in the estimate. Without further deliberation, it is quite apparent that this type of control is inaccurate and unreliable. One reason for the inaccuracy lies in the fact that one may not know the exact characteristics of the furnace. The other factor is that one also no control over the outdoor temperature, which has a definite bearing on the indoor temperature.

GEZE盖泽自动门技术资料

GEZE AUTOMATIC DOOR SYSTEMSGEZE AUTOMATIC DOOR SYSTEMS | 盖泽自动平移平开门系统GEZE REPRESENTATIVEGEZE GmbH P.O. Box 136371226 Leonberg GermanyGEZE GmbHReinhold-Vöster-Straße 21-2971229 Leonberg GermanyTel. +49 (0)7152-203-0Fax +49 (0)7152-203-310ChinaGEZE FactoryShuangchenzhong RoadBeichen Economic Development Area (BEDA)Tianjin 300400, P.R. China Tel. +86 (0)22-2697 3995-0Fax +86 (0)22-2697 2702E-mail: Sales-info@ GEZE BeijingRm1001 ,Tower D , Sanlitun SOHO No.8, Gongti North Road. Chaoyang Distict,100027 Beijing, P.R. China Tel. +86 (0)10-5935 9300Fax +86 (0)10-5935 9322E-mail: chinasales@ GEZE Shanghai Unit 25NCross Region Plaza No. 899Ling Ling Road XuHui District200030 Shanghai, P.R. China Tel. +86 (0)21-5234 0960Fax +86 (0)21-6447 2007E-mail: chinasales@ GEZE Guangzhou Room 17C3Everbright Bank Building No. 689Tian He Bei Road510630 Guangzhou, P.R. China Tel. +86 (0)20-3873 1842 /43Fax +86 (0)20-3873 1834E-mail: chinasales@October 2010 · All rights reserved盖泽工业(天津)有限公司中国区上海市零陵路899号飞洲国际广场25N 200030电话 +86 (0)21-5234 0960传真 +86 (0)21-6447 2007E-mail: Asiasales-info@ 盖泽工业(天津)有限公司北京分公司北京市朝阳区工体北路8号院三里屯SOHO D 座1001室 100027电话 +86 (0)10-5935 9300传真 +86 (0)10-5935 9322E-mail: chinasales@ 盖泽工业(天津)有限公司上海分公司上海市零陵路899号飞洲国际广场25N 200030电话 +86 (0)21-5234 0960传真 +86 (0)21-6447 2007E-mail: chinasales@ 盖泽工业(天津)有限公司广州分公司广州市天河区天河北路689号光大银行大厦17楼C3 510630电话 +86 (0)20-8132 0702,38731842 /43传真 +86 (0)20-38731834E-mail: chinasales@ 盖泽工业(天津)有限公司工厂双辰中路北辰经济开发区(BEDA)中国天津 300400电话 +86 (0)22-26973995-0传真 +86 (0)22-26972702E-mail: Sales-info@SingaporeGEZE Singapore21, Bukit Batok Crescent,#23-75, Wcega Tower,Singapore 658065Tel. +65 6846 1338Fax +65 6846 9353E-mail: gezesea@.sgTaiwanGEZE Taiwan4F No 279. Section 2,LiNong Street, Beitou District Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C. 11266Tel. +886-2-2823-6665Fax +886-2-2823-7286E-mail: Asiasales-info@KoreaGEZE Korea#402, Deoksong Bldg., 293-16Cheonho-Dong, Gangdong-Gu,134-867 Seoul, Korea Tel. +82-2-475-2006Fax +82-2-2178-9284E-mail: Asiasales-info@Fanlight openingSwing doors Sliding doors /Semi-circular Revolving doors ElectricallyElectrically Electrically Finger Print Motor locks7GEZE Automatic Door Systems / 盖泽自动平移平开门系统G E Z E R W A a n d V e n t i l a t i o n S y s t e m sGEZE AUTOMATIC DOOR SYSTEMS / 盖泽自动平移平开门系统GEZE Automatic Door Systems / 盖泽自动平移平开门系统G E Z E A u t o m a t i c D o o r S y s t e m s 盖泽自动平移平开门系统89111416192224 27283236 38 40 44 4648TABLE OF CONTENTS / 目录GEZE SlimdriveThe 7 cm Principle / 7 cm 创新理念Slimdrive SLSlimdrive SL-FR / SL-BO Slimdrive SLT Slimdrive SF Slimdrive SC / SCR Slimdrive SL NT Slimdrive EMD Slimdrive SD Servo GEZE TSA TSA 150TSA 160 NT TSA 360 BO GEZE Powerdrive Powerdrive GEZE ECdrive ECdriveGEZE ECdrive LT ECdrive LT GEZE ECturn GEZE ECturnGEZE Programme switch / 程序开关8The 7 cm principle / 7cm创新理念G E Z E R W A a n d V e n t i l a t i o n S y s t e m sG E Z E A u t o m a t i c D o o r S y s t e m s 盖泽自动平移平开门系统GEZE AUTOMATIC DOOR SYSTEMS / 盖泽自动平移平开门系统GEZE Automatic Door Systems / 盖泽自动平移平开门系统盖泽是首个能够提供7cm级的全系列自动门门机的制造商。

消防设备设施检查记录表

消防设备设施检查记录表Fire ___ FormBuilding:Date:n and Testing Items:Fire ___:Check the working status of the fire power supplyCheck the n of the self-contained power n equipmentTest the fire alarm detector and its alarm nTest the CRT graphic display monitor and the fire alarm control panelTest the non-fire power automatic and manual switchTest the manual fire alarm button and its alarm nTest the fire alarm device and its alarm nTest the indoor and roof fire hydrants for water pressure Test the outdoor fire hydrants for water pressureCheck the amount of fire ___Test the gas fire extinguishing system and its ___ for automatic startup and fan linkageTest the ___Test the ___ off the normal power supplyTest the ___ off the normal power supply___:Test ___Test the volume of the loudspeakerTest the n quality of the n and plug-in ___Test the opening and closing n of the fire doorn and Testing Results:Fire hydrant。

【西子奥的斯】GECB参数一览表

OTIS
Engineering Center Berlin
Software Basic Data
GCS - GECB
Service Tool Reference List
No.: GAA30780DAA_REF SCN: GAA30780DAA Page: 3 / 21 Date: 2007-04-05
3 System Inputs
The following list shows all available inputs and the condition under which these inputs are displayed (set DISP-ALL=1 to view all available inputs).
Description Anti Crime Protection Anti Nuisance Service Automatic Return Device ATTendend service Car Button Protection Cut off Hall Call COrrection Run Car To Landing Drive / Break Fault Delayed Car Protection Door Check Sequence Door Hold Button mode Door Lock Monitoring Door Time protection Close Door Time protection Open Emergency Fireman's Operation Emergency Fireman's Service Emergency Hospital Service Emergency Medical Transport Emergency Power wait for Correction run Emergency Power Rescue run Emergency Power Wait for normal Earth Quake Operation Emergency Stop Button resp. J-Relay fault General Control of Buttons Hoistway Access Detection Hall Button Protection IDLe INItialize INSpection Independent ServiCe Load Non Stop service Moderate Incoming Traffic Not AVailable NORmal OverLoad Device ParKing Switch PaRKing car RiOT operation SHabat Operation Wild Car Operation

布达乔治安全系统：Building Integration System (BIS) - 基本套餐

uIntegration of Bosch and third party systems through deployment of OPCu All relevant information in one user interface u Fully embedded access controlu Full event log for forensic investigations uScalable system that grows with your needsThe Building Integration System (BIS)BIS is a flexible, scalable security and safetymanagement system that can be configured to handle an enormous spectrum of operational scenarios.It contains a huge range of applications and features which enable both the integration and coupling as well as the monitoring and control of all technical building systems.This new version builds on Bosch's many years of experience in management systems and was considerably influenced by the following market trends:•Increasing complexity of technical building equipment The increasing complexity of technical equipment inside buildings requires a powerful management system which combines the most varied functions (e.g. fire and intrusion alarm systems, access control,video systems and building automation... etc.) in the best possible way. The OPC standard enables BIS to process and share information efficiently with a huge variety of hardware devices and other sources.•Using new technologies and standardsWhile the strict regulations in the field of security technology ensure a high degree of reliability in security matters, they hinder the integrated use of new technologies from the IT world. BIS hassucceeded in harnessing the benefits of non-security-based technologies (e.g. OPC, CAD, web) and harmonizing them with the world of security technologies.•Need for complete solutionsFacility managers and integrators are demanding a single building-management solution that is nevertheless able to integrate all their security subsystems.System overviewThe Building Integration System is a versatile product made up of a basic package plus various optional components (also known as Engines) based on a common software platform. The engines can becombined to tailor building management systems to detailed requirements.These main components are:•Automation Engine •Access Engine •Video Engine •Security Engine* not available in all countriesThese engines are described in greater detail in separate datasheets.FunctionsSystem architectureThe BIS Engines provide fire and intrusion detection,access control, video surveillance plus the monitoring of HVAC and other vital systems.BIS is based on a performance-optimized multi-tier architecture especially designed for use in Intranet and Internet environments.Subsystems are connected via the well-established,world-wide OPC standard. This open standard makes it easy to insert BIS into existing OPC-compliant subsystems.Optionally, individual BIS systems can cooperate by providing data to, or consuming data from, other BISsystems. The result is a Multi-server BIS system.1. A BIS consumer server with workstations and router in a local area network (LAN)2.Wide area network (WAN)3.BIS provider servers with workstations and routers in local area networks (LAN)Organizational structure and configurationA number of automatic functions and easy-to-use tools make configuration installer-friendly, saving time and expense.Hierarchical location trees can be created by theimport of existing CAD data containing layers, named views and detector locations. Zooming and panning allow rapid navigation through the building.The user interface is web -based using dynamic HTML pages. Default pages for different screen resolutions and formats are included in the installation software,and the default pages can easily be customized using a standard HTML editor.BIS automatically detects the monitor resolution and provides the appropriate user interface.OperationThe system’s main task is to operate as the alarm-monitoring and control center for the various security systems within a site. Its graphical interface isdesigned to help the operator grasp the extent and urgency of an occurrence quickly, and to take promptand effective action.The heart of the system, the State Machine, monitors all incoming events and operator requests and, if desired, can take actions prescribed by user-defined rules or Associations, thus unburdening the operators.System securityAES encryption between BIS central server andworkstations provides additional security in addition to configurable user-access rights. If PCs within a corporate network are to be used as clientworkstations then enhanced security can be achieved by restricting operators to specific workstations or IP-addresses.Basic packageThe Building Integration System basic packageprovides many features used in common by the various Engines.•Customizable device condition counters to provide an overview of the condition of subsystems across the entire BIS system•Message processing and alarm display•Alarm queue with up to 5000 simultaneous alarmevents and detailed alarm information•Fixed assignment of operators to workstations for higher security•State machine for automated event and alarm handling.•Web-server-based platform allows client workstations to connect to BIS via just the Internet Explorer •Direct support for location maps in standardAutoCAD DWF vector format reduces configurationeffort.•Changes to architecture within a graphic (new walls,moving a door, etc.) can be implemented without changing the BIS configuration, simply import a new plot file.•Automated workflows between operators, with message broadcasting and customizable escalation paths•Huge library of standardized detector icons in standard vector format including color, event and control definitions•Direct control and monitoring of detectors via the context menus of their icons in the location maps •Direct control and monitoring of detectors via the logical tree-structure (e.g. building – floor – room) of a site, with hyperlinks to photos, manuals,instructions•Location tree generated automatically from the "named views" within the AutoCAD graphic•Action management for automatic and manual control into connected subsystems and their peripherals•Device overview for all connected subsystems, and their peripherals (detectors) and internal virtual devices (operator, server, ...) in the form of a tree structure with detailed information about address,status, type, location and notes. Control theperipherals via the context menus of their tree nodes.•Ability to compartmentalize the managed site into autonomous Divisions, and to restrict operators to the control of specific Divisions.•Ability to provide specific information to the operator in the form of free-form “miscellaneous” hypertext documents, including text, bitmaps, video images,etc.•Highly configurable operator access rights for monitoring and control of subsystems and their peripherals•Event log to ensure all events are completely documented (including messages received and actions taken)•Reporting services to quickly create reports from the event log•Linking and embedding of OPC servers from any computer in the network •Online HelpAction plans and location mapsBIS amplifies standard alarm-handling by its ability to display action plans and location maps, including graphical navigation and the alarm-dependentvisualization of layers inside those maps. This ensures optimal guidance to operators especially in stress situations, such as fire or intrusion alarms.Alarm-dependent action plans or workflows provide detailed event-dependent information such as standard operating procedures, live images, control buttons, etc. to the operator. Simply create and assign one action plan to each possible alarm type in your system, e.g. fire alarm, access denied, technical alarms, etc.With the deletion of an alarm message an unmodifiable snapshot of the displayed action plan is attached to the event log. This ensures accountability by providing a trace of all steps performed by the operator duringthe alarm response.•Location maps are a visualization of premises e.g.floors, areas or rooms, based on the popular AutoCAD vector-graphics format. Detectors and other devicesare represented by colored, animated icons thatprovide direct control via their context menus. In the case of an alarm the system zooms automatically tothe location in the map where it was triggered.• A location tree provides entry points to the locationmap and its graphical navigation functions (pan,zoom).•Alarm-dependent layer control allows the display ofadditional graphical information for specificsituations, e.g. escape routes in case of fire alarms. BIS optional accessoriesThe optional features listed below can be added to the BIS system to meet specific customer requirements. They are usable with all the BIS Engines (Automation, Access, Video and Security Engine).Alarm management packageThis package extends the standard alarm-handling of your BIS system by some additional features: Message distribution allows the definition of escalation scenarios which are activated automatically when an operator or operator group fails to acknowledge an alarm message within a defined period. BIS will then forward the message automatically to the next authorized operator group. The timer feature allows the setup of time schedules which can be used to perform automatic control commands, such as closing a barrier at 8:00 pm, as well as for time-dependent redirection of alarm messages, e.g. within time period 1 show message tooperator group 1 else to operator group 2.The operator alarm feature allows an operator to trigger an alarm manually from the location tree, for example, if informed by telephone of a dangerous situation. Such manual alarms are processed in the same way as those triggered by a detector: that is, the associated documents are displayed and all steps taken are recorded in the event log.The application launcher allows the invocation of non-BIS applications by the system based upon predefined conditions, e.g. alarms or timers. A typical application of this would be for an automatic, scheduled system backup.Building Integration System in figuresParts includedWhen ordered as Installation Media in Box the box contains:ponents1BIS Installation medium with software and installation manuals as PDF1Quick installation guide (printed)When downloaded (Version 4.0 and later) the online documentation is contained in the download.The basic package includes the following licenses: ponents1Operator client license1Division licenseTechnical specificationsMinimum technical requirements for a login or connection serverMinimum technical requirements for a client computerOrdering informationBIS is available in the following languages:•DE = German•EN = English•ES = Spanish•FR = French•HU = Hungarian•NL = Dutch•PL = Polish•PT = Portuguese•RU = Russian•TR = Turkish•ZH-CN = Simplified Chinese•ZH-TW = Traditional ChineseA BIS basic license is required when setting up a new systemBIS 4.1 Basic LicenseLicense for the use of the software as downloadedfrom the website. No physical parts are delivered andthe user documentation is contained in the download.Order number BIS-BGEN-B41BIS 4.1 Installation Media in BoxBox contains the installation medium for all languagesand the Quick Installation Guide.Order number BIS-GEN-B41-BOXBIS 4.1 Alarm Management PackageLicense for the addition to BIS of the feature specifiedOrder number BIS-FGEN-AMPK41BIS 4.1 additional 1 Operator ClientLicense for the addition to BIS of the feature specifiedOrder number BIS-XGEN-1CLI41BIS 4.1 additional 1 DivisionLicense for the addition to BIS of the feature specifiedOrder number BIS-XGEN-1DIV41BIS 4.1 Multi-Server Connect per ServerLicense for the addition to BIS of the feature specifiedOrder number BIS-FGEN-MSRV41BIS Upgrade from 3.0 to 4.xLicense for an upgrade between the versionsspecified.Order number BIS-BUPG-30TO40BIS Upgrade from 2.x to 4.xLicense for an upgrade between the versionsspecified.Order number BIS-BUPG-2XTO40BIS 4.1 BVMS ConnectivityLicense for the connection between one BIS and oneBVMS installationOrder number BIS-FGEN-BVMS41Represented by:Americas:Europe, Middle East, Africa:Asia-Pacific:China:America Latina:Bosch Security Systems, Inc. 130 Perinton Parkway Fairport, New York, 14450, USA Phone: +1 800 289 0096 Fax: +1 585 223 9180***********************.com Bosch Security Systems B.V.P.O. Box 800025617 BA Eindhoven, The NetherlandsPhone: + 31 40 2577 284Fax: +31 40 2577 330******************************Robert Bosch (SEA) Pte Ltd, SecuritySystems11 Bishan Street 21Singapore 573943Phone: +65 6571 2808Fax: +65 6571 2699*****************************Bosch (Shanghai) Security Systems Ltd.203 Building, No. 333 Fuquan RoadNorth IBPChangning District, Shanghai200335 ChinaPhone +86 21 22181111Fax: +86 21 22182398Robert Bosch Ltda Security Systems DivisionVia Anhanguera, Km 98CEP 13065-900Campinas, Sao Paulo, BrazilPhone: +55 19 2103 2860Fax: +55 19 2103 2862*****************************© Bosch Security Systems 2015 | Data subject to change without notice 181****2875|en,V7,30.Nov2015。

自动门的外文文献及翻译

自动门的外文文献及翻译Revised as of 23 November 2020毕业论文外文文献与翻译（一）AutomaticdooranditscontrolsystemintroductionAuthor：Unit:PrincetonUniversity755CollegeRoadEast,Princeton,NJ08540Productofhumancivilization,automaticdoorshavebeendozensofyearsofdevelopment,sofar,throughtheapplicationofPLCcontrolsystemandothertechnologyprodu cts,alreadyhaveanditscontroltechnology,formedthelargescaleautomaticdoorofthefamily.Anda ccordingtodifferentrequirements,formulatedaseriesofstandards.People'sRepublicofChinainthe 2005-12-01standardofChinaautomaticdoornumber,standardcontentmainlyinclude:rulesforbuildingthec lassificationofthevariouskindsofautomaticdoor,specifications,codes,materials,requirements,te stmethods,inspectionrulesandsigns,packaging,transportandstorage.Thisstandardappliestopush -pullautomaticdoorautomaticdoors(arc),foldtheflatopenautomaticdoors,automaticdoors,revolv ingdoors.Youmayrefertootherautomaticdoor.Havespecialrequirementsofautomaticdoors,stills houldseeitsrelatedandhumancivilizationisatwin,itisaccompaniedbythedevelopmentofhumanci vilizationandchatter.Forthousandsofyears,thedoorhasbeenasthepatronsaintofthehumansociety activities,intruderintheroom,andasachannelofhumansocialactivities,carryingthedoorandciviliz ation,pursuingpeopletoyearnforthegloryoftheotherdesireisendlesstocivilization.FromancientE gypttoRomantotoday'smodernsociety,canseethedoor,passiveisolationbarrierfunctionofthedoo ris,andthechannelroleistoensurethatonlyinthe21stcentury,thedoorevenmorehighlightedsafetyc oncept,emphasizestheeffectiveness:effectivelyprevent,passage,evacuation,andalsohighlightst heconceptofarchitecturalart,doorandbuildingandthesurroundingenvironmentcoordination,the harmoniouswhole.DooradvancedformsofautomaticdoororiginatedinEuropeandtheUnitedStates,inAugust18 02,theGermanstandardcompanysuccessfullydesignedanddevelopedtheworld'sfirstsensingauto maticdoors,doorlarge-scalespecializedproductionbeganinthe150yearsago,intheprocessofconstantdevelopmentandpe rfection,emergedalargenumberofscaleofprofessionalmanufacturers.Rapiddevelopmenttotoda y,hasformedacompletekinds,functionperfect,workmanshipfineautomaticdooroftheasearlyasm orethanadecadeagobegantorefertotheautomaticdoors,andapplyitinthehotel,airport,shoppingce nters,Banks,officebuildingsandotherlargeandmedium-sizedpublicplaces,forthesebuildingsaddedbrightbeautiful,chic,dooraccordingtothedifferentuse functionandcanbedividedintoautomaticslidingdoor,automaticdoor,automaticrevolvingdoor,au tomaticarcdoor,automaticfoldingdoor,etc.,includingflatdoorwithfeweroccasions,revolvingdo orduetotheexpensiveandverybig,onlycommonlyusedinhigh-gradehotels,inneedautomaticslidingdoorismostwidelyused,peoplegenerallysayautomaticdoor, automaticinductiondoorisslidingslidingdooristhemostcommonformofautomaticdoormachinea ddradaronbothinnersideandoutsideofthedoor,automaticdoorwhenthemancamenear,theradarbyemittingmicrowaveinductiontoman'sexistence,openthedoortothecontrollerasignal,thecontroll erthroughthedrivetoopenthedoor.Whenthemanbythedoor,andthenclosedtheformofinfraredsen sor,mainlythroughtheinfraredtofeelthetemperaturechangeswithinthespecifiedrange,whenpeop lewalkinto,microwaveinductiontheemissionsignalcontrolchangesinthedoor.Microwavesensorsandinfraredsensorsdifferenceismainly:microwavesensor,alsoknownas microwaveradar,reactiontothemovementoftheobject,andreactionspeed,suitableforwalkingspe ednormalpersonnelthroughtheplace,itscharacteristicisthatoncethedoornearthestaffdon'twantto gooutandmotionless,radarwillnolongerresponse,automaticdoorwillbeclosed,likelyclampingph enomenon.Infraredsensors,existinresponsetotheobject,regardlessofwhetherornotmobilestaff,a slongasinsensorscanningrange,itwillrespond.Reactionspeedisslowerthanthemicrowavesensor ofinfraredsensors.Accordingtodifferentrequirementsofsome,somemanufacturersintheproductionofautomat icdoorscanincreasesomepersonalfunction,facilitatethemanagementandmaintenance.Suchasfu zhoublueelectronicco.,LTD.,automaticdoor,ithasthefollowingcharacteristics:1,automaticdoor sensorsreacttothemovementofobjectsinmicrowave,sensitivityisadjustable,stableperformance! 2,automaticencryptiongathermulti-functionremotecontrolintoanorganicwhole,theinductiondoorforencryption,canavoidtheproject appearsonthewelsh,baddebts,etc.Phenomenon,thuseffectivelyprotecttheinterestsofdealers,atth esametime,canrealizetheremotecontroltoopenthedoor,alwaysopen,lock,unlock;Hasconnectedt othecardreader,fingerprint,homebutton,peripheraldevices,suchaselectriclockfunctions.3,safet ylightcaneffectivelyovercometheblindareaofinductiveprobesensorislessthan,sothattheinductio ndoorsafer.4,self-helpbankcardslotmachineoveralldesign,ABSelectroplatingshelldurableandconvenienttoinstall ,canmatchanybankATMcard,nocardcapacitylimits,importedalloyhead,superwear-resistanthighsensitivity,high(400)orlowresistance(300)Oefilecanbeused;Issuitablefortheself-servicebank.Microwavemodule5,automaticdoor,kickingmedallion,IDcardpassword,remotetra nsceivermodule,electriccaralarm,telescopicdoors,electronicdisplayscreen,motorcyclealarm.PLC(ProgrammableController,hereinafterreferredtoasPLC).PLCisintheorderofthetraditi onalcontrollerisintroducedonthebasisofmicroelectronicstechnology,computertechnology,auto maticcontroltechnologyandcommunicationtechnologytoformanewgenerationofindustrialcontr oldevice,thepurposeistoreplacerelay,executethesequencecontrolfunctionsuchaslogic,timing,c ounting,establishflexibleSPCsystem.Programmablecontrollerhasthestrongability,highreliabili ty,flexibleconfiguration,simpleprogramming,etc,isamajormeansofcontemporaryindustrialpro ductionautomationandautomationcontrolequipment.DuetotheadvantagesofPLCinautomaticco ntrol,thusiswidelyquotedintheautomaticdoorsystem.DuetothePLCinthedevelopment,therefore,fortheexactdefinitionismoredifficult.American electricalmanufacturersassociation(NEMA)afterfouryearsofresearchwork,in1980,officiallyna medProgrammableControllerPC(ProgrammableController),butaPersonalComputerPC(Person alComputer)inordertodistinguish,oftenreferredtoasPLCProgrammableController,andmakesad efinitionforPLC,ProgrammableControllerisakindofwithinstructionmemoryanddigitaloranalog input/outputinterface,withanoperationisgivenpriorityto,canfinishthelogic,sequence,timing,co untingandarithmetic,andotherfunctions,isusedtocontrolthemachineortheproductionprocessaut omationcontroldevice.In1985aseconddraft,andin1987thethirddraftofPLCinthefollowingdefinition:"aPLCisadigitaloperationoftheelectronicsystem,designedforindustrialenvironmentapplicationanddesign.It USESaprogrammemory,usedinitsinternalstorageimplementationlogicoperation,sequenceoper ation,timing,countingandarithmeticoperationinstruction,andcanthroughdigitaloranaloginputa ndoutput,controlvarioustypesofmachineryorproductionprocess.Programmablecontrollerandre latedperipheralequipment,shouldbeinaccordancewiththeeasilyandindustrialcontrolsystemasa whole,easytoexpanditsfunctiondesignshowsthatthedefinitionofPLCisakindofcanbedirectlyap pliedtotheindustrialenvironmentofthedigitalelectronicdevices,isbasedonmicroprocessor,comb inedwithcomputertechnology,automaticcontroltechnologyandcommunicationtechnology,inpr ocesscontrolandtheuser's"naturallanguage"programmingofasimple,convenientoperation,highr eliabilityofanewgenerationofgeneralindustrialcontroldevice.mainfunctionsofthePLC(1)theswitchcontrollogicandorderThisisthemostwidelyPLCapplication,thebasicsituation.Itsmainfunctionistocompleteswit chlogicandsequentiallogiccontrol,andthuscanrealizevariouscontrolrequirements.(2)thesimulationcontrol(A/DandD/Acontrol)Manycontinuousvariationintheprocessofindustrialproduction,theneedtocontrolthephysic alquantities,suchastemperature,pressure,flow,level,etc.,theseallbelongtoanalog.Longerthanint hepast,thePLClogiccontrol,analogcontrolmainlybyinstrumentordistributedcontrolsystem,PLC productspossessmuchnowdealingwiththiskindofanalogfunctions,andprogrammingandeasytou se.(3)thetiming/countingcontrolPLChasastrongtimingandcountingfunctions,itcanprovideuserswithdozensorevenhundred softimersandcounters.Forthetimer,timerintervalcanbesetbytheuser;Tocounter,ifneedtocountof highfrequencysignal,canchoosehighspeedcounter.(4)thesteppercontrolPLCprovidesuserswithacertainnumberofshiftregister,useshiftregistercaneasilyfinishstep pingcontrolfunction.(5)motioncontrolInthemechanicalprocessingindustry,programmablecontrollerandthecomputernumericalc ontrol(CNC)integratedtogether,tocompletemachinetoolmotioncontrol.(6)dataprocessingMostPLChasadifferentdegreeofthedataprocessingability,itnotonlycanperformarithmetic operations,datatransmission,butalsofordatacomparison,dataconversion,datashowstheprintope ration,alsocanundertakesomePLCfloatingpointarithmetic,andfunctionaloperation.(7)communicationnetworkPLChasthefunctionofcommunicationnetwork,itmakesPLCandbetweenPLCanduppercom puter,PLCandotherintelligencetoexchangeinformationbetweendevices,formaunifiedwhole,rea lizethecentralizedcontrol.PLCcansorapiddevelopment,inadditiontotheobjectivedemandoftheindustrialautomation, hasmanyuniqueadvantages.Itwellsolvedinthefieldofindustrialcontrolwidelyconcernaboutthere liable,safe,flexible,convenient,economicandotherissues.Itsmainfeaturesareasfollows:(1)highreliabilityReliabilityreferstotheaveragetrouble-freeworkingtimeprogrammablecontroller.Duetotheprogrammablecontrollerhasadoptedaseriesofhardwareandsoftwareanti-interferencemeasures,stronganti-interferenceability,MTBFreachingtensofthousandsofhours,canbedirectlyappliedtoindustrialpr oductionfieldhaveastronginterference.Programmablecontrolleristhemassesofusersrecognizedt obeoneofthemostreliableindustrialcontrolequipment.(2)controlfunctionisstrongAsmallprogrammablecontrollerwithhundredsofthousandsofprogrammingelementsavaila bleforuserstouse,paredwiththesamefunction ofrelaysystem,ithastheveryhighcostperformance.Programmablecontrollercanbethroughtheco mmunicationnetwork,realizesthedecentralizedcontrolandcentralizedmanagement.(3)theusereasytouseProgrammablecontrollerproductshavebeenstandardization,seriation,modularization,equi ppedwithawiderangeofvarioushardwaredevicesforuserselection,userscanconvenientlyflexible systemconfiguration,systemcomposedofdifferentfunctions,differentscale.Programmablecontr ollerwouldbeveryconvenientfortheinstallationofwiring,strongloadcapacity,candirectdrivegen eralsolenoidvalveandaccontactor.Thehardwareconfigurationisdetermined,youcanchangetheus erprogram,convenienttoquicklyadapttochangesinprocessconditions.(4)programmingconvenient,simpleLadderdiagramisaprogrammablecontrolleristhemostu sedprogramminglanguage,thesymbol,expressionwayandtherelaycircuitprinciplediagramissim dderdiagramlanguage,image,intuitive,simple,easytolearn,familiarwiththerelaycircuitdi agramoftheelectricaltechnicianjustspendafewdaystimecanbefamiliarwithladderdiagramlangu age,andusedtopreparetheuserprogram.(5)thedesign,installation,commissioningperiodisshortProgrammablecontrolforsoftwarefunctionreplacedtherelaycontrolsystemofalargenumber ofintermediaterelays,timerelays,counters,etc.,makethecontrolcabinetdesign,installation,wirin ggreatlyreducetheworkload,shortentheconstructionperiod.Programmablecontrolleroftheuserp rogramcanbesimulatedinthelaboratorydebugging,simulationdebugagainaftergoodwillinthepro ductionsiteforinstallationandwiringofPLCcontrolsystem,atthesceneofproblemsfoundinthetrac kingprocessbymodifyingtheprogramcansolve,greatlyshortenthedesigncycleandwasputintoope ration.(6)easytorealizemechanicalandelectricalintegrationProgrammablecontrollerissmallinsize,lightweight,lowpowerconsumption,vibrationresist ant,moistureproofandheatresistantcapabilityisstrong,makingthemeasytoinstallinsidethemachi neequipment,producemechanicalandelectricalintegrationproducts.NowwithPLCasthecontroll erofCNCequipmentanddevicehasbecomeatypicalrobot.自动门及其控制系统介绍作者：吉恩F.富兰克林单位：普林斯顿大学地址：新泽西州普林斯顿学院东路 755号邮编08540作为人类文明的产物，自动门已经发展了几十年，到目前为止，通过PLC控制系统和其他技术产品的应用，再加上其控制技术的成熟，自动门控制系统已经成型。

自动门中英文对照外文翻译文献

中英文对照外文翻译(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)外文文献：Automatic door and its control system introductionProduct of human civilization, automatic doors have been dozens of years of development, so far, through the application of PLC control system and other tec hnology products, already have and its control technology, formed the large scale auto matic door of the family. And according to different requirements, formulated a series of standards. People's Republic of China in the 2005-12-01 standard of China automat ic door number, standard content mainly include: rules for building the classification o f the various kinds of automatic door, specifications, codes, materials, requirements, t est methods, inspection rules and signs, packaging, transport and storage. This standar d applies to push-pull automatic door automatic doors (arc), fold the flat open automat ic doors, automatic doors, revolving doors. You may refer to other automatic door. Have special requirements of automatic doors, still should see its related standards.Door and human civilization is a twin, it is accompanied by the development of human civil ization and chatter. For thousands of years, the door has been as the patron saint of the human society activities, intruder in the room, and as a channel of human social activ ities, carrying the door and civilization, pursuing people to yearn for the glory of the o ther shore.Human desire is endless to civilization. From ancient Egypt to Roman to to day's modern society, can see the door move.Past, passive isolation barrier function of the door is, and the channel role is to ensure that only traffic.Today in the 21st centur y, the door even more highlighted safety concept, emphasizes the effectiveness: effecti vely prevent, passage, evacuation, and also highlights the concept of architectural art, door and building and the surrounding environment coordination, the harmonious wh ole.Door advanced forms of automatic door originated in Europe and the United Stat es, in August 1802, the German standard company successfully designed and develop ed the world's first sensing automatic doors, door large-scale specialized production b egan in the 150 years ago, in the process of constant development and perfection, eme rged a large number of scale of professional manufacturers. Rapid development to tod ay, has formed a complete kinds, function perfect, workmanship fineautomatic door of the family.China as early as more than a decade ago began torefer to the automatic do ors, and apply it in the hotel, airport, shopping centers, Banks, office buildings and ot her large and medium-sized public places, for these buildings added bright beautiful, c hic, colorful.Automatic door according to the different use function and can be divide d into automatic sliding door, automatic door, automatic revolving door, automatic arc door, automatic folding door, etc., including flat door with fewer occasions, revolving door due to the expensive and very big, only commonly used in high-grade hotels, in need automatic sliding door is most widely used, people generally say automatic door, automatic induction door is sliding door.Automatic sliding door is the most common form of automatic door machine add radar on both inner side and outside of the door, automatic door when the man came near, the radar by emitting microwave induction t o man's existence, open the door to the controller a signal, the controller through the drive to open the door. When the man by the door, and then closed the door.Another for m of infrared sensor, mainly through the infrared to feel the temperature changes with in the specified range, when people walk into, microwave induction the emission sign al control changes in the door.Microwave sensors and infrared sensors difference is mainly: microwave sensor, also known as microwave radar, reaction to the movement of the object, and reaction speed, suitable for walking speed normal personnel through the place, its characteristi c is that once the door near the staff don't want to go out and motionless, radar will no longer response, automatic door will be closed, likely clamping phenomenon. Infrared sensors, exist in response to the object, regardless of whether or not mobile staff, as l ong as in sensor scanning range, it will respond. Reaction speed is slower than the mic rowave sensor of infrared sensors.According to different requirements of some, some manufacturers in the producti on of automatic doors can increase some personal function, facilitate the management and maintenance. Such as fuzhou blue electronic co., LTD., automatic door, it has the following characteristics: 1, automatic door sensors react to the movement of objects i n microwave, sensitivity is adjustable, stable performance! 2, automatic encryption ga ther multi-function remote control into an organic whole, the induction door for encry ption, can avoid the project appears on the welsh, bad debts, etc. Phenomenon, thus ef fectively protect the interests of dealers, at the same time, can realize the remote contr ol to open the door, always open, lock, unlock; Has connected to the card reader, finge rprint, home button, peripheral devices, such as electric lock functions. 3, safety light can effectively overcome the blind area ofinductive probe sensor is less than, so that t he induction door safer. 4, self-help bank card slot machine overall design, ABS electr oplating shell durable and convenient to install, can match any bank ATM card, no car d capacity limits, imported alloy head, super wear-resistant high sensitivity, high (400 ) or low resistance (300) Oe file can be used; Is suitable for the self-service bank. Mic rowave module 5, automatic door, kicking medallion, ID card password, remote trans ceiver module, electric car alarm, telescopic doors, electronic display screen, motorcy cle alarm.PLC (Programmable Controller, hereinafter referred to as PLC). PLC is in the or der of the traditional controller is introduced on the basis of microelectronics technolo gy, computer technology, automatic control technology and communication technolog y to form a new generation of industrial control device, the purpose is to replace relay, execute the sequence control function such as logic, timing, counting, establish flexib le SPC system. Programmable controller has the strong ability, high reliability, flexibl e configuration, simple programming, etc, is a major means of contemporary industria l production automation and automation control equipment. Due to the advantages of PLC in automatic control, thus is widely quoted in the automatic door system.Due to the PLC in the development, therefore, for the exact definition is more dif ficult. American electrical manufacturers association (NEMA) after four years of rese arch work, in 1980, officially named Programmable Controller PC (Programmable Co ntroller), but a Personal Computer PC (Personal Computer) in order to distinguish, oft en referred to as PLC Programmable Controller, and makes a definition for PLC, Prog rammable Controller is a kind of with instruction memory and digital or analog input/ output interface, with an operation is given priority to, can finish the logic, sequence, t iming, counting and arithmetic, and other functions, is used to control the machine or the production process automation control device.In 1985 a second draft, and in 1987 the third draft of PLC in the following definit ion: "a PLC is a digital operation of the electronic system, designed for industrial envi ronment application and design. It USES a program memory, used in its internal stora ge implementation logic operation, sequence operation, timing, counting and arithmeti c operation instruction, and can through digital or analog input and output, control var ious types of machinery or production process. Programmable controller and related p eripheral equipment, should be in accordance with the easily and industrial control sys tem as a whole, easy to expand its function design principles.Above shows that the de finition of PLC is a kind of can be directly applied to the industrial environment of the digital electronic devices, is based on microprocessor, combined with computer techn ology, automatic control technology and communication technology, in process contro l and the user's "natural language" programming of a simple, convenient operation, high reliability of a new generation of general industrial control device.2.The main functions of the PLC(1) the switch control logic and orderThis is the most widely PLC application, the basic situation. Its main function is to complete switch logic and sequential logic control, and thus can realize various co ntrol requirements.(2) the simulation control (A/D and D/A control)Many continuous variation in the process of industrial production, the need to c ontrol the physical quantities, such as temperature, pressure, flow, level, etc., these all belong to analog. Longer than in the past, the PLC logic control, analog control mainl y by instrument or distributed control system, PLC products possess much now dealing with this kind of analog functions, and programming and easy to use.(3) the timing/counting controlPLC has a strong timing and counting functions, it can provide users with dozen s or even hundreds of timers and counters. For the timer, timer interval can be set by t he user; To counter, if need to count of high frequency signal, can choose high speed c ounter.(4) the stepper controlPLC provides users with a certain number of shift register, use shift register can easily finish stepping control function.(5) motion controlIn the mechanical processing industry, programmable controller and the comput er numerical control (CNC) integrated together, to complete machine tool motion cont rol.(6) data processingMost PLC has a different degree of the data processing ability, it not only can p erform arithmetic operations, data transmission, but also for data comparison, datacon version, data shows the print operation, also can undertake some PLC floating point ar ithmetic, and functional operation.(7) communication networkPLC has the function of communication network, it makes PLC and between P LC and upper computer, PLC and other intelligence to exchange information between devices, form a unified whole, realize the centralized control.PLC can so rapid development, in addition to the objective demand of the indus trial automation, has many unique advantages. It well solved in the field of industrial control widely concern about the reliable, safe, flexible, convenient, economic and oth er issues. Its main features are as follows:(1) high reliabilityReliability refers to the average trouble-free working time programmable contro ller. Due to the programmable controller has adopted a series of hardware and softwar e anti-interference measures, strong anti-interference ability, MTBF reaching tens of t housands of hours, can be directly applied to industrial production field have a strong interference. Programmable controller is the masses of users recognized to be one of t he most reliable industrial control equipment.(2) control function is strongA small programmable controller with hundreds of thousands of programming e lements available for users to use, can achieve very complicated control function. Co mpared with the same function of relay system, it has the very high cost performance. Programmable controller can be through the communication network, realizes the dec entralized control and centralized management.(3) the user easy to useProgrammable controller products have been standardization, seriation, modula rization, equipped with a wide range of various hardware devices for user selection, u sers can conveniently flexible system configuration, system composed of different fun ctions, different scale. Programmable controller would be very convenient for the inst allation of wiring, strong load capacity, can direct drive general solenoid valve and ac contactor. The hardware configuration is determined, you can change the user progra m, convenient to quickly adapt to changes in process conditions.(4) programming convenient, simpleLadder diagram is a programmable controlle r is the most used programming language, the symbol, expression way and the relay circuit principle diagram is similar. Ladder diagram language, image, intuitive, simple, easy to learn, familiar with the relay circuit diagram of the electrical technician just sp end a few days time can be familiar with ladder diagram language, and used to prepare the user program.(5) the design, installation, commissioning period is shortProgrammable control for software function replaced the relay control system o f a large number of intermediate relays, time relays, counters, etc., make the control ca binet design, installation, wiring greatly reduce the workload, shorten the construction period. Programmable controller of the user program can be simulated in the laborato ry debugging, simulation debug again after good will in the production site for installa tion and wiring of PLC control system, at the scene of problems found in the tracking process by modifying the program can solve, greatly shorten the design cycle and was put into operation.(6) easy to realize mechanical and electrical integrationProgrammable controller is small in size, light weight, low power consumption, vibration resistant, moisture proof and heat resistant capability is strong, making the m easy to install inside the machine equipment, produce mechanical and electrical int egration products. Now with PLC as the controller of CNC equipment and device has become a typical robot.自动门及其控制系统介绍作为人类文明的产物，自动门已经发展了几十年，到目前为止，通过PLC 控制系统和其他技术产品的应用，再加上其控制技术的成熟，自动门控制系统已经成型。

轨道交通信号常用缩写

无人值守全自动运行视频监视系统
51
VCS
Virtual Coupling System 虚拟编组系统
52
ZC
Zone Controller
区域控制器
序号缩写
1
AOM
2
AVCOS
3
BAS
4 CAM
5 CBTC
6
CCTV
7
CI
8 CLK
9 COM
10 DTO
11 DMS
12 EB
13 EMC
14 ESB
15 EUM
16 FAM
17
FAS
18
FEP
19
GEBR
பைடு நூலகம்
英文全称
中文
Auxiliary
operation
Module
Autonomous
Virtual
列车智能驾驶系统列车智能防护系统列车智能监控系统智能车载控制器现地对象控制器
31
MTBF
32
MTTR
Mean Time Between Failure Mean Time To Repair
平均无故障运行时间平均修复时间
33
OC
Object Controller
对象控制器
34
OCC
Operating Control Center 控制中心
基于通信的列车控制系统闭路电视监控系统
Computer System Clock
Interlocking 计算机联锁系统时钟系统
Communication System 通信系统
Driverless
Train
Operation

Door Access Control System 产品说明说明书

1: UNPACKING AND DISASSEMBLY(see detail drawing in Assembly section)∙ Remove the two assemblies from packaging. Receiver side has Key Switch and Indicator .∙ Remove three(3) 5/64” Allen Screws at upper, middle, and lower points on each assembly.∙ Remove the Upper Cover . Set Upper Cover aside.(NOTE - Unplug wiring from circuit board when removing the Receiver-side Upper Cover)∙ Remove the Lower Cover and set aside.∙ Remove the two 1/4” Hex Standoffs at the top and bottom of each electronics package, then slide package up and lift off of Mounting Plate .∙ Repeat for opposite assembly.4: WIRINGDefinitions:A &B Sides - If standing between the two units and Facing the unit with the Key, Left is “A” and Right is “B.” (see diagram at right for detail)Door Prop function - Monitors Door input for a held open door. Goes into Alarm if door is not closed within 10 seconds, unless another Valid User input is seen. ACS - Access Control SystemOutput Relays:(Output contact rating: 1 Amp)Mag Lock Relay - Can be used to control an Electric Lock in response to a Valid User input. Form C (held 5 sec)Alarm Relay - Connect to remote equipment to monitor Alarm conditions. Tailgater, Door Prop, Loiter, and Tamper conditions)Alarm. Form C (2.5 second minimum duration)Door Relay (Follows Door Input)“A” & “B” Passage Complete - These relays change state upon valid passage of a user from the A or B side. Used to monitor for Time and Attendance by remote equipment. Form C (held 1 sec)Inputs:(all Inputs share 2 common GNDs on connector)Valid “A” Card Valid User approaching from the “A” side.*Valid “B” Card Valid User approaching from the “B” Side ** Enable Free Passage by shorting input for Valid A or B Card.Bypass function as Key Switch.Door - Closed Loop from Door when Door is closed. Optional, used for Door Prop monitoring and enhanced TDS operation. Power - 12-24 VDC@ 500 mA (1 Amp supply suggested )REMOTE DISPLAY CONNECTOR:Optional . Refer to ES5200-R1 or R2 InstructionsSETUP and TESTSwitches: (as shown on drawing)1) Door Prop Enable - Turns on the Door Prop function whenplaced in the ON position.2) Beep Disable - Turns Off the Valid Card beep when placed in the ON position.3) Bi-Direction Card Enable - Allows an A card input to pass in either direction when placed in the ON position. 4) Card Stacking Disable - Requires a Valid User to pass, or time out, prior to accepting another card input.Key Switch on Upper Cover - Use to Bypass the unit (held) or to Reset an alarm (momentary).Pushbuttons: (as shown on drawing)To Calibrate : Install lower covers. Verify clear beam path. Apply Power. Press Calibrate Button.Keep beam path clear until Calibrate LED is ON (up to 60 sec). That’s all it takes to set up! NOTE: If Tamper is enabled alarm may sound if cover is removed.A &B Card buttons - Press to simulate an A or B - Card input (respectively) for test and troubleshooting purposes.LEDs:Calibrate : On - Calibrated. Flashing - Beam interruption or Calibration required. Off - During Calibration. Inputs : Respective LED will illuminate when a closure is seen on any Input (A Card, B Card, Bypass, Door) Upper Cover : See “ES5200 ENTRY SENTRY - USER INSTRUCTION”Sensitivity: (as shown on drawing)Clockwise: Increase Sensitivity - Reduce loiter time to 3 sec (min), improved step-over/crawl-under detection Counter-Clockwise: Decrease Sensitivity - Increase loiter time up to 10 sec, reduce step-over/crawl-under detection.DOOR MNT. WALL MNT.A B A BCLEANING - Soft damp cloth, mild soap solution. Dry with soft cloth. Avoid using paper as this may damage the optical surface. DSI recommends: Chemtronics® ES1668 (enlarged drawing on insert)ES5200—ENTRY SENTRY TAILGATE DETECTION SYSTEM2: PHYSICAL INSTALLATIONEntry Sentry may be mounted both on a doorframe, or onto facing walls of a hallway.Wall mount on corridor walls.∙∙ Hang the Transmitter and Receiver sub-travel. (Optical Alignment Required: ± 1°)∙ Door/ Hallway Width 30” min. - 80” max.∙ Use mounting plate as Template for holes.∙level and plumb.∙floor.∙∙ Set mounting plate aside.∙ Drill 5 mounting holes as needed for yourmounting surface. (max. dia. 9/64”)∙ Drill a 1” wiring hole.∙to wiring insulation.∙ Install mounting plate using appropriatehardware for your mounting surface.∙ Repeat for second mounting plate.3: ASSEMBLYFinished FloorHEIGHTABOVEFINISHEDFLOORDOOR MOUNT。

电力英语缩写词汇

发电系统常用术语缩写与翻译OROT ETS USDP OSD SP OGS OSRS PIWO OSR OOBS POTSE EPI DSO LLON WO UUCPO VPOBFTO TFBO BO FCO MSO CSU WSU HSU VHSU RLSTU PSTU USD NSD FO ESD SO PLO FO PRO OLOperation Management 运行治理operation regulations 运行规程operation technique 运行技术unit start-up program 机组启动程序unit shut-down operation 停机操作operation standard 运行规程safety operation 安全运行operation guardianship system 操作监护制度operation supervising and repeating system 操作监护复诵制permit issuer for work order 工作票许可人operation supervisor 运行负责人operationorder 操作票boiler supervision 锅炉监察periodic operating tests for standby equipment 备用设备定期运行试验equipment patrol and inspection 设备巡回检查double shift operation 两班制运行low load operation at night 夜间低负荷运行weekend outage (weekend shut-down) 周末停运under constant pressure operation 定压运行variable pressure operation (sliding pressure operation)变压运行〔滑压运行〕boiler following turbine operation 炉跟机运行turbine following boiler operation 机跟炉运行by-pass operation 旁路运行full capacity operation 满负荷运行mini-steam operation 汽轮机少蒸汽运行cold start-up 冷态起动warm startup 温态起动hot startup 热态起动very hot startup 极热态起动ramp loading startup 滑参数起动pressure startup 定压起动unit shut-down 机组停机normalshut-down 正常停机forcedoutage 强迫停机emergencyshut-down 危急停机scheduledoutage 检修停机planned outage打算停机fault outage 事故停机prolonged outage 长期停机operational limit 运行极限值RPRPRCCMRBEOABCLTOLTLCTLDT ABCSTDATHRBEVBEFSQRPD MDBEWSOSETEPAHLSMOHMRARrated parameters 额定参数rated power 额定功率rated current (voltage) 额定电流〔电压〕continuous maximum rating 连续最大出力boiler economic operation 锅炉经济运行adjustment of boiler combustion 锅炉燃烧调整load test 带负荷试验over load test 超负荷试验load change test 变负荷试验load dump test 甩负荷试验automatic boiler control system tuning 锅炉自动调整系统调整damper adjustment 挡板调整turbogenerator heat rate 汽轮发电机热耗boiler evaporation 锅炉蒸发量boiler efficiency 锅炉效率steam quality 蒸汽质量reheater pressure drop 再热器压降the min. stable boiler evaporation without supplementary oil support 最小稳定蒸发量the efficiency of the electrostatic precipitator 静电除尘器效率air heater leakage 空预器泄露量发电系统常用术语缩写与翻译Maintenance and Its Management 检修及其治理scheduled maintenance 打算检修overhaul 大修minor repair 小修accidental repair 事故检修UM unscheduled maintenance 临时检修PRM periodic maintenance 定期检修OM ordinary maintenance 日常检修PM OPBSO MF preventive maintenance 预防性检修outageperiod between successive overhaulsmaintenance frequency 检修次数检修停役期MHQM QMSP OP men-hour quota for maintenancequota for maintenance spare partsoverhaul planning 检修打算检修工时定额检修备品定额DFM DLM defect maintenancedaily maintenance缺陷修理日常修理PDM predictive maintenance 预见性修理SIC EI store inventory control 存货清单治理external inspection 外部检查II internal inspection 内部检查ISI inner surface inspection 内外表检查M measurement 测量H hammering 敲打检查NDT non-destructive testing 非破坏性试验P pickling 酸洗检查EDR equipment diagnostics report 设备诊断报告EMR equipment modification report 设备异动报告EQAR PMAA BAFGS MSS RSS TBPS ESS FWS CS BDVS CCCWS TCPC TCIR TCR SDR SS equipment quality acceptance report 设备质量验收报告plan of measures against accident 反事故措施打算boiler air and flue gas system 锅炉烟风系统main steam system 主蒸汽系统reheatsteam system 再热蒸汽系统turbineby-pass system 汽机旁路系统extraction steam system 抽汽系统feed water system 给水系统condensate system 分散水系统boiler drain and vent system 锅炉输水和排汽系统closed cycle cooling water system 闭式循环汽冷却水系统treatment of cracks on pressured components 承压件裂纹处理treatment of crack in rotor 转子裂纹处理treatment of cylinder cracks 汽缸裂纹处理stator deformation repair 定子变形处理shaft straightening 直轴方案DRTRD STBR dismantling and reassembling of turbine rotor discsteam turbine blade removal 汽轮机换叶片汽机叶轮拆装DFSTTCWLSL deformed flange surface treatment of turbine cylinder 汽缸法兰结合面变形处理water leakage 漏水steam leakage 漏汽PCL OL pulverized coal leakageoil leakage 漏油漏煤粉ASL AIL SB MB ash leakage 漏灰air leakage 漏气support beam 支承梁main beam 大梁ST stainless tube 不锈钢管PTP pressure testing for pipes 管道试压AI abrasion inspection 磨损检查发电系统常用术语缩写与翻译Layout of a Power Station 发电厂平面图MPB AY main power buildingash yard 灰场主厂房TB turbine building 汽机房WI water intake 取水口BH boiler house 锅炉房CY coal yard 煤场DR deaerator room 除氧间ICSY indoor coal storage yard 枯燥棚CT cooling tower 冷却塔WPH waterside pump house 岸边水泵房CPH central pump house 中心水泵房CB control building 主掌握楼CCB/R central control building/room 中心掌握楼〔集控楼〕/室UCB/R unit control building/room 单元掌握楼/室NCB/R network control building/room 网络掌握楼/室PH pump house 水泵房WTP water treatment plant 水处理厂IS indoor substation 室内变电所OSS outdoor switching station 室外开关站S storehouse 仓库ICY indoor coal yard 室内煤场SR stacker-reclaimer 堆取料机WT wagon tipper 翻车机CCCR HGS FOT SB coal conveyor control room 输煤机掌握室hydrogen generation station 制氢站fuel oil tank 燃油罐service building 办公室BHL boiler house layout 锅炉房布置图PL piping layout 管路布置图WL wiring layout 线路图FFB fossil-fired boiler 燃煤锅炉OFB oil-fired boiler 燃油锅炉GFB gas-fired boiler 燃气锅炉ST steam turbine 汽轮机GT gas turbine 燃气轮机CST condensing steam turbine 凝汽式汽轮机BPT back pressure turbine 背压式汽轮机IT impulse turbine 冲动式汽轮机RT GS MT MC STP reaction turbine 反动式汽轮机generator set 发电机组main transformer 主变压器main chimney 主烟囱ewage treatment plant 污水处理厂CH compressor house 空气压缩机房HGSS hydrogen generation and storage station 制氢站AP ash pit 灰坑FS fire station 消防站AB administration block 行政大楼CWPH cooling water pump house 冷却水泵房CB control block 掌握大楼BDT blowdown disposal tank 排污处理罐BST buffer storage tank 缓冲水箱ST sedimentation tank 沉淀水箱CWP clean water pond 清水池FT flash tank 扩容器LOTD CWS FSSS SSS WTS GCS PDS PSS CHS CAS OPPS PGL LLMPB TLMPB lubrication oil tank 润滑油箱drawings 图纸cooling water system 冷却水系统feedwater and saturated steam system 给水及饱和蒸汽系统superheated steam system 过热蒸汽系统water treatment system 水处理系统gas-circulation system 烟气循环系统primary distribution system 一次配电系统power supply system 供电系统coal handling system 输煤系统compressed air system 压缩空气系统overallplot plan of the site 厂址总体规划图plantgeneral layout 厂内总平面布置图longitudinal layout of the main power building 主厂房纵向布置图transversal layout of the main power building 主厂房横向布局图发电系统常用术语缩写与翻译Boiler and Auxiliaries 锅炉及其附属设备D drum 汽泡F furnace 炉膛WW water wall 水冷壁B burner 燃烧器S superheater 过热器R reheater 再热器A attemperator 减温器E economizer 省煤器AP air preheater 空气预热器EP electrostatic precipitator 静电除尘器R risers 上升管DC downcomers 下降管MH mixing header 混合联箱DH distribution header 安排联箱ST support tube 支承管CT connecting tube 连接收IOT ignition oil torch 点火油枪FM flame monitor 火焰监视器BWLG PP AGS BAW boiler water level gauge 锅炉水位计pressure parts 压力部件air & gas system 空气及气体系统boiler auxiliary equipment 锅炉关心设备ASM auxiliary system & miscellaneous 附属系统及其他RIL refractory, insulation & lagging 耐火及保温掩盖物质FGD FGR IDF FDF GGHE SV PAS RM TIMLPCV SB CCS BWCP AH BAFGS PCS flue gas damper 烟气挡板flue gas recirculation 烟气再循环induced draft fan 引风机forced draft fan 送风机gas-to-gas heat exchanger 气-气热交换器safety valve 安全阀platforms and stairs 平台和扶梯refractory material 耐火材料thermal insulating material 保温材料lagging护板power control valve 动力掌握阀soot blower 吹灰器conical cyclone separator 旋风分别器boiler water circulating pump 炉水循环泵ash hopper 灰斗boiler air and flue gas system 锅炉烟风系统pulverized coal system 制粉系统FOS fuel oil system 燃油系统SWS MSRSS BFWS BDVS steam and water system 汽水系统main steam and reheat steam system 主蒸汽和再热蒸汽系统boiler feedwater system 锅炉给水系统boiler drain and vent system 锅炉疏水和放气系统ASS auxiliary steam system 关心蒸汽系统SAHDS steam air heater drain system 暖风器疏水系统CCCWS closed cycle cooling water system 闭式循环冷却水系统SWSMB service water system in main building 主厂房内厂用水系统SICAS CHS AHS FFS CFSS BAC BBO ABOGSS DDV HOP CF CP, CM CTBCJ PCD TLDWL HPTF station and instrument compressed air system 厂用和仪表用压缩空气系统coal handling system 输煤系统ash handling system 除灰系统fire fighting system 消防系统chemical feed and sampling system 化学加药和取药系统boiler acid cleaning 锅炉酸洗boiler blow out 锅炉冲管auxiliary boiler 厂用锅炉oil gun 油枪steam separator 汽水分别器drum drain valve 汽包流水阀heavy oil pump 重油泵coal feeder 给煤机coal pulverizer , coal mill 磨煤机classifier 粗粉分别器tube burst 爆管coal jamming 堵煤pulverized coal deposits 积粉too low drum water level 汽包水位过低high pressure in the furnace 炉膛压力高FOF fire-off in the furnace 炉膛熄火TTDF DWWT tripping of the draft fans 风机跳闸damage of water wall tube 水冷壁管损坏LTS Low Temperature Superheater 低温过热器ITS HTS Intermediate Temperature Superheater 中温过热器High Temperature Superheater 高温过热器ALOMB Atomization of light oil for the main boiler 主锅炉雾化轻油发电系统常用术语缩写与翻译LRSS TBPS BFS ESSTurbine and Auxiliaries 汽轮机及其附属设备live and reheat steam system 主蒸汽和再热蒸汽系统turbine by-pass system 汽机旁路系统boiler feedwater system 锅炉给水系统extraction steam system 抽气系统CSASSHDVSTDP SRBOLCSHP casingLP casingNBECTRBGBLSBMSVCVRSIVDFDC IPJOPBOPTGJOSGSSSTPSVBPCPDRBFPBFBPBFPTMOPBETCBPTCSHSTSIOIPD TGLOSCOSCSGSSSTDVSILAECEP condensate system 冷凝系统auxiliary steam system 关心蒸汽系统heater drain and vent system 加热器疏水、排气系统turbine driven pump 汽动给水泵sponge rubber ball on-load cleaning system 海绵胶球带负荷清洗系统high pressure casing 高压缸low pressure casing 低压缸nozzle box 喷嘴室exhaust chamber 排汽室turbine rotor 汽轮机转子blade 叶片guide blade 导向叶片last stage blade 末级叶片main stop valve 高压主汽门control valve (governing valve) 高压调整汽门reheat stop and intercept valve 再热主汽门和再热调整汽门double-flow double casing IP 双流程双层中压缸jacking oil pump 顶轴油泵booster oil pump 增压油泵turning gear 盘车装置jackingoil system 顶轴油系统gland and steam sealing system 轴封系统turbine by-pass system 汽机旁路系统vacuum break pump 真空破坏泵condensate pump 分散水泵deaerator 除氧器boiler feedwater pump 锅炉给水泵boiler feedwater booster pump 前置泵boiler feedwater pump turbine 给水泵汽机〔小汽机〕main oil pump 主油泵heat exchanger 热交换器turbine casing 汽缸bearing and pedestals 轴承和轴承座turbine control system and hydraulic system 汽机调整系统和液压系统turbine supervisory instruments and other instruments汽机监控仪表和其他仪表protective device 保护装置T-G lubrication oil system and central oil storage and conditioning system 汽轮发电机润滑油系统、中心油库及其净化系统gland steam seal system 轴封系统turbine drain and vent system 汽机输水、排气系统insulation and lagging 保温与罩壳air extractor 抽气器condenser extraction pump 疏水泵QSP CPS BMWTS DS IWTS STSH2SOS SSSLSMIP SBOBOP OSSICSCS CCS BMS DAS ASSC OTSSS of I/O A&DTPRCSPCPLC ACSDTB FWPTC LC DECSTEDMPRODTACSPIEIERRRBWBC quick start-up pump 快速启动泵condensate polishing system 分散水处理系统boiler make-up water treatment system 锅炉补给水处理系统demineralization system 除盐系统industrial wastewater treatment system 工业废水处理系统sewage treatment system 生活污水处理系统H2 seal oil systems 氢气密封油系统steam sealing system 蒸汽密封系统lubricating system 润滑油系统mainoil pump 主油泵stand-by oil pump bearing oil pump 备用油泵oil supply system 供油系统Instrumentation and Control 热控SequenceControl System 挨次掌握系统Coordinated Control System 机炉协调掌握系统Burner Management System 燃烧器治理系统Date Acquisition System 数据采集系统automatic startup and shutdown control 自起停掌握operator training simulator 操作员培训用仿真机software for simulation of I/O (Input/Output) 输入/输出仿真软件one analog & one digital control station for testing purpose一台测试用模拟掌握站和数字掌握站remote control system 远动系统thermal process control 热工过程掌握programmable logic controller 可编程规律掌握器automatic control system of drum-type boiler 汽包锅炉自掌握系统feed-water pump turbine control 给水泵汽轮机掌握local control 就地掌握digital electro-hydraulic control system of turbine 汽轮机数字电液调整系统发电系统常用术语缩写与翻译Water Treatment System 水处理系统Electrodialysis 电渗析membrane process 膜处理reverse osmosis 反渗透distillation 蒸馏acid cleaning 酸洗silica purge 二氧化硅清洗ion exchange (full demineralization) 离子交换〔全除盐〕ion exchange resin 离子交换树脂resin regenerating 树脂再生backwashing 反冲洗ball cleaning 胶球清洗SPTSSSDSGSODSMSCSFTDTCEAESREGFPF MWP TRWCPUW AWW VD TSSD STSD SDFCVHCS SOS SES ITCLFSAGNGE IPBIG EDCE EWACE RESEMEPEAVR scale prevention treatment 防垢处理suspended solids 悬浮物sediment 沉淀物sludge污水,沉积物sulphuroxide 硫氧化物dissolved salt 溶解盐mineral solids 矿物渣coagulants 分散剂flocculent 絮凝剂deoxidant 脱氧剂cation-exchanger 阳离子交换剂anion-exchanger 阴离子交换剂solids-removal equipment 粒状过滤装置gravity filter 重力式过滤装置pressure filter 压力式过滤装置makeup water preparation 补充水的处理中the treatment of radiation wastes 放射性废料的处理condensate polishing 分散水处理upflow washing 逆流冲洗air-water washing 气水冲洗vaccum deaertors 真空除氧器tray-spray steam deaerator 淋水盘式除氧器spray-type steam deaerator 喷雾淋水盘式除氧器steamdeaerator 蒸汽除氧器feed control valves 给水掌握阀发电系统常用术语缩写与翻译Electrical System in Power Plant 电厂电气系统hydrogen control system 氢气掌握系统seal oil system 密封油系统static excitation system 静止励磁系统instrument transformer current limiting fuse and surge absorber 仪用变压器，限流熔断器和过电压吸取器generator neutral grounding equipment 发电机中性点接地设备isolated-phase bus 分相封闭母线induction generator 异步发电机excitation with DC exciter 直流励磁机励磁excitation with AC exciter 沟通励磁机励磁rotating exciter 旋转励磁机static exciter 静止励磁机main exciter 主励磁机pilot exciter 副励磁机automatic voltage regulator 自动电压调整器PSSOELMELHCAC DBSBP SBSCBCSDBS CPAPS GSLPSLSCCRSIL GARPCT AC EPECTM/A CTSFFHS HTCFS LTCFS MISOWF PGSTPFSOCESSVBVLVO MSPD OVO ELFO EHFOA&F TBSLO TBLLO BELWL BEHWL power system stabilizer 电力系统稳定器over-excitation limiter 过励磁限制器minimum excitation limiter 最低励磁限制器hydrogen cooling 氢冷却air cooling 空气冷却double bus-bar system with by-pass 双母线带旁路系统singe bus scheme (connection) 单母线接线图block connection 单元接线图sectionalized double bus scheme 双母线分段接线control and protection for auxiliary power system 厂用电系统的掌握和保护grounding system 接地系统lightningprotection system 防雷系统lightingsystem 照明系统cable and cable raceway system 电缆及电缆管道系统interlock 联锁generator absorbing reactive power capability test 发电机无功吸取力量测试AC exciter and pilot exciter characteristic test沟通励磁机和副励磁机特性测试manual/automatic changeover test 手动/自动切换试验发电系统常用术语缩写与翻译Abnormal Operation 特别运行slagging in furnace 燃烧室结渣foulingof heating surface 受热面沾污high-temperature corrosion on the fire side 高温烟气腐蚀low-temperature corrosion on the fire side 低温烟气腐蚀molten iron separated out in wet-bottom furnace 液态排渣炉熔融析铁priming 汽水共腾separation of two-phase fluid 汽水分层steam overheating 蒸汽超温caustic embrittlement 苛性脆化shaft system vibration 轴系振动blade vibration 叶片振动low vacuum operation 低真空运行main steam parameter deviation 主蒸汽参数偏差over voltage operation 过电压运行excess low frequency operation 频率过低运行excess high frequency operation 频率过高运行Accident and Failure 事故与故障tube burst due to short-time lasting overheating 短时过热爆管tube burst due to long-time lasting overheating 长时过热爆管boiler excessive low water level 锅炉缺水boiler excessive high water level 锅炉满水FFLFEFIFDR EPCPS CF TGSV OS CRSP SD DCBO BDSD RRWRFOSFBDSROPCSA CSCEQEDSIPFC ERW CWTIW BSSE TGPC MPBSC CC WISC RCCWPCCHSC AYDC BEFI STGSI furnace fire lose 炉膛灭火furnace explosion 炉膛外爆furnace implosion 炉膛内爆flue duct reburning 尾部烟道再燃烧explosion of pulverized coal preparation system 煤粉制备系统爆炸creep-fatigue 蠕变(疲乏损坏)turbine-generator set vibration 汽轮发电机组振动overspeed 超速collision between rotary and static parts 动静局部碰磨scale deposit 水垢、积垢disc cracking and bursting off 叶轮断裂blade damage 叶片损坏shaftdistortion 主轴弯曲rotorrupture and wreck 断轴rotorflyaway 转子飞车oil system firing 油系统着火bearing damage 轴瓦损坏safety regulation 安全规定operation procedures 操作程序发电系统常用术语缩写与翻译Construction and Installation 安装施工construction safety 施工安全construction schedule 施工进度erection quality 安装质量equipment delivery 设备交货subsoil improvement 地基处理pile foundation construction 桩基施工earth and rock work 土石方施工concrete work 混凝土施工thermalinsulation work 保温施工boiler steel structure erection 锅炉钢构造安装turbine-generator pedestal construction 汽轮发电机基座施工main power building structure construction 主厂房构造施工chimney construction 烟囱施工water intake structure construction 取水建筑物施工reinforced concrete circulating water pipe construction钢筋混凝土循环水管施工coal handling structure construction 输煤建筑物施工ash yard dam construction 灰坝施工boiler erection 锅炉安装fan installation 风机安装steam turbine governing system installation 气轮机调整系统安装OCE TCGCBBI IAPS ISCW ITICSSUCT CWTS BIFU SSS TUIP ESSUT CTACSTAVR CTOCUCUS CSSC CTS WDSDMSASDR CFS RCB RCF CC PR, CM MDS IBD BOS CR CS, CSS PCTC EC PCSFS overhead crane erection 桥式起重机安装tower crane 塔式起重机gantry crane 龙门起重机bus-bar installation 母线安装installation of auxiliary power switchgear 厂用配电装置安装installation of secondary and control writing 二次线安装installation of thermal instrument and control system热工仪表掌握系统安装start-up and commissioning test 起动调整试验commissioning of water treatment system 化学水处理调试boiler initial firing-up 锅炉首次点火scavenging of steam system 蒸汽系统吹洗testing of unit interlock protection 机组连锁保护试验electric system start-up test 电气系统整套启动试验commissioning test of automatic control system自动掌握系统试运转试验testing of automatic voltage regulator 自动调压装置试验commissioning and trial operation of the complete unit 整套起动试运行发电系统常用术语缩写与翻译Coal Handling System 输煤系统coal unloading system 卸煤系统coal storage 煤场screens and crushers 筛碎装置coal transfer system 输煤系统weighing device 称重装置sampling device 取样装置magnetic separator 除铁auxiliary system 关心系统dumper 翻车机设备coal Firing System 燃煤系统raw coal bunkers 原煤仓rawcoal feeders 给煤机coalchutes 落煤管pulverizer ，coal mill 磨煤机mill driving system 煤粉机驱动系统inchingand barring device 微调和盘车装置bearingoil system 轴承润滑油系统classifier 粗粉分别器cyclones, cyclone separator 旋风〔细粉〕分别器pulverized coal transfer circuits 煤粉输送管道exhauster circuits 排粉管路pulverized coal storage and feeding system 煤粉储存和给粉系统AHS BARS DBS FAHS FASUS WSSMEAYAlpha AαBeta B βGamma ΓγDelta ΔδEpsilon Еεash handling system 除灰系统bottom ash removal system 炉底渣去除系统dewatering bin system 脱水仓系统fly ash handling system 飞灰去除系统fly ash silo and unloading system 灰库及卸料系统water supply system and mechanical equipment in ash yard供水系统和灰场机械系统常用希腊字母代表的词汇(1)attenuation coefficient 衰减系数(2)absorption coefficient 吸取系数(3)angles 角(4)h elium nucleus 和氦原子核(5)c urrent gain of transistor 晶体管电流增益(1)p hase constant 相位常数(2)a ngles 角(3)f ast moving electrons 快速电子(4)r atio of velocity to velocity of light 速度对光速的比(1)complex propagation constant 复传播常数(2)angles 角(3)q uantum 量子(4)p arameter in crystal design 晶体设计常数(5)unit of magnetic field (10-5oerested) 磁场单位(1)increment 增量(2)d ecrement 减量, 衰减量(3)d ecay factor 衰变因数(4)dielectric loss angle 介质损耗角(1)permittivity 电容率,介电常数(2)exponential constant 指数常数(3)electric susceptibility (CGS only) 电极化率(限于CGS 制)(4)fast fission factor 快速裂变因数Zeta Ζζ(5)piezoelectric factor constant 压电应力常数elctrokinetic potential 交界面电动势,界面电位差Eta Нη(1)efficiency 效率Theta Θθ(2)intrinsic impedence 固有阻抗(3)electric susceptibility 电极化率(4)thermal fission factor 热裂变因数(5)S teinmetz contant 史坦麦滋常数(6)meson 介子(1)a ngles 角(2)p hase displacement 相位移(3)polar coordinate 极座标(4)Curie temperature 居里温度Iota ΙιKappa Κκ(5)angle of declination of earth’s magnetic field 地磁场磁偏角instantaneous current 瞬间电流(1)m agnetic susceptibility 磁化系数,磁极化率(2)c oefficient of coupling 耦合系数(3)k appa meson K 介子Lamda Λλ(1)wavelength 波长(2)mean free path 平均自由行程(3)magnetostrictive coefficient 磁致伸缩系数(4)permeance 导磁率Mu ΜμNu ΝνXi ΞξOmicron ΟοPi Ππ(1)permeability 导磁率(2)amplification factor 放大系数(3)refractive index 折射指数(4)prefix for micro 微的字首(5)dipole moment 偶极矩(6)micron 微米(7)Bohr magneton 波尔磁子(1)frequency 频率(2)neutrino 中微子(3)average number of neutrons in fission 裂变中平均中子数change in lethargy 勒的变动(1)r ation-circumference to diameter 圆周率,圆周对直径比(2)e lectron distribution 电子分布(3)Peltier coefficient 珀尔帖系数(4)Poynting vector 波因廷矢量(5)pion or pi meson π介子Rho Ρπ(1)resistivity 电阻率,比阻Sigma ΢σ(2)volume charge density 体电荷密度(1)surface charge density 外表电荷密度(2)conductivity 电导率(3)summation 合计(4)nuclear cross-section 核截面Tau Στ(5)Thomson coefficient 汤姆逊系数(1)period 周期(2)standard deviation 标准偏移Upsilon YυPhi Φυ(3)t ime constant 时间常数(4)relaxation time 张弛时间(5)transmission factor 传输系数(6)half-life 半衰期(1)m agnetic flux 磁通(2)a ngles 角(3)p olor coordinate 极座标(4)w ork function 功函数(5)v elocity potential 速度势(6)a ngle of dip of earth’s magnetic field 地磁场倾角Chi Χχsusceptibility 磁化率Psi Ψψ(1)dielectric flux 电介质通量(2)a ngles 角(3)w ave function 波动函数Omega Ωω(1)resistance 电阻(2)solid angle 立体角(3)pulsatance 角频率(4)a ngular velocity 角速度(5)V erdet constant 费尔德常数常用数学符号和公式的读法y2k33a4 a! i;j∫ab∑∏dy/dx 1/x n y squaredk cubedthree, a to the fourfactorial aimaginary unitinternal between limits a and bthe sum of the terms indicatedthe product of the terms indicatedthe first derivative of y with respect to x the cube root of ythe fourth root of zone over x to the ny ＝Ax2 ＋Bx ＋ Cy equals. A x squared. Plus B x plus Cx/X ＋y/Y ＝z/Zlittle x over big X. plus little y over big Y. equals. Little z over big Zy ＝3{x (a ＋b) －k (a －b)}y equals three, curly bracket x. bracket y a plus b bracket. minus k. bracket aminus b bracket. end of curly brackety ＝(x2 ＋a2) (x2 ＋b2)y equals. x squared plus a squared. times. x squared plus b squaredlogenlog (a ＋b) e-x2/2 log of n to the base e log.a plus be to the minus x squared over twoπ/2, π/3, π/4 πby two, πby three, πby four tanθ＝sin θcos θt tan θ equals, sin θ over cos θcos ( α ＋ β) ＝ cos α cos β － sin α sin βcos α plus β equals, cos α cos β minus sin α sin βsin 2λ ＋ cos 2λ ＝ 1sin squared λ, plus cos squared λ, equals one＝ (x 1 ＋ x ＋ x 2 3)/3 x bar equals, x one plus x two plus x three, all over threeσ ＝ (x 2 1 ＋ x 2 2 ＋ x 2 3 )/3xx ′/a 2+ yy ′/b 2 σ squared equals, x one squared, plus x two squared, plus x three squared, allover three＝1 xx dash over a squared, plus yy dash over b squared, equals one (1 － x ) (1 － y ) (1 － z ) ＝ 1 － x － y － z ＋ xy ＋ yz ＋ zx － xyzone minus x , into one minus y , into one minus z equals, one minus x minus y minus z , plus xy plus yz plus zx , minus xyzAs n ∞, (1 ＋ 1/n )n eAs n tends to infinity, one plus one over n , all to the n , tends to ee x ＝ 1 ＋ x /1! ＋ x 2/2! ＋ x 3/3! ＋ … ＋ x r /r ! ＋ … to infinitye to the x equals, one plus x over factorial one, plus x squared over factorial two, plus x cubed over factorial three, plus dot dot dot, plus x to the r over factorial r , plus dot dot dot , to infinityIf x ＝ αt ＋ β , then Δ x /Δ α as Δ t 0If x equals, αt plus β , then Δ x over Δ t , tends to α, as Δ t tends to zerolog (1 ＋ x ) ＝ x － x 2/2 ＋ x 3/3 … only if ︱x ︱≤ 1log of one plus x equals, x minus x squared over two, plus x cubed over three, and so on, only if mod. x is less than or equals to one说明书常用术语A / M (auto/manual) 自动/手动accessories supplied 备用附件age limit, durable year, duration of service 使用年限annual electric consumption 年耗电量arrangement drawing, layout drawing 布置图assembles and controls 各部件及其操作机构caution against wet, keep dry 切勿受潮，保持枯燥certificate of quality 质量合格证certificate 证明书chart, graph, diagram图表 classified catalogue/content 分类名目cleaning 清洗 coarse adjustment 粗调commodity name 商品品名construction 构造coolant system 冷却系统corrosion proof/resistance 耐腐蚀country of origin 原产国daily/current maintenance 日常保养data book 数据表detail description inside 内附具体说明书detailed description 具体说明dimensions 尺寸direction for use 使用方法Don’t cast 勿掷drawing,graph, figure 图earth lead地线electric system 电气系统error 误差factory services 工厂检修效劳features 特点fine adjustment 微调first commissioning 试车fix screw 固定螺钉fragile 易碎Gross/Gr. Wt. 毛重ground/GND terminal 接地端子group designation 总类名称guarantee 保证书，保修书handbook, manual 手册Handle with care 留神装卸，留神轻放hard-wearing, wear resistance 耐磨的haul 起吊，此处起吊hazardous, dangerous articles 危急品Heave here 从今提起high voltage cautions 留神高压电hot, live 带电的hot/live line 带电线路hot/live plant 带电设备icon, image, picture 图像image display 图像显示infield, erect site, installation site 安装地点inflammable 易燃物，防火inspection 检验installation drawing 安装图instruction for erection 安装规程instruction, direction for use 使用说明Keep dry 保持枯燥Keep in cool place 至于阴凉处keep off 切勿靠近keep upright 切勿倒置legend 图例level, horizontal 水平live line tools 带电作业工具location 安装位置locking bolt 锁紧螺栓locking nut 锁紧螺母locking washer 锁紧垫圈maintenance service 修理效劳maintenance 维护，修理major components and functions 主要部件及功能man-automatic switch 手动-自动开关manual device 手动装置master bill of material 材料总清单master list 总清单material standard 材料标准maximum output current 最大输出电流maximum output voltage 最大输出电压measurement 尺码measuring range 量程Net Wt. 净重nominal horsepower 额定马力nominal speed 额定转速non-flammable 不易燃物not to be laid flat 切勿平放Not to be tipped 勿倾倒operating flow chart 操作流程图operating voltage 工作电压operational/operating instructions 操作说明书overall dimension/size, outline size 外形尺寸persistent current 持续电流picture 图画place of origin 原产地power requirements 电源条件precautions/cautions 留意事项program control 程序掌握quality assurance 质量保证quality standard 质量标准rate capacity 额定容量rated load 额定负载recyclable 可回收利用的safety distance 安全距离safety factor 安全系数safety voltage 安全电压schematic drawing 示意图service condition 工作条件service condition 使用条件service manual 使用手册serviceable life 耐用年限specific wearability 磨损率specification for material 材料规格specification, instruction, guidance 说明书specifications 规格standard accessories 标准附件system diagram 系统示意图test run, trial run, trail operation, test operation 试运转tested error free 经检验无质量问题To be protected from cold/heat 避开遇冷/热transportation 搬运，运输Use rollers 〔消灭在外包装箱上时〕移动时使用滚子useful life, service life 使用寿命user 使用者user ’s manual 用户手册ventilate, air draft 通风warranty of quality 质量担保warranty 保证书wear hardness 耐磨硬度wear-life 抗磨损寿命wiring diagram 布线图wiring/circuit diagram 线路图work cycle 工作周期。

城市轨道交通专业英语复习

城市轨道交通专业英语复习城市轨道交通专业英语复习提纲考试题型：①英汉互译②选择题（10题）③英译汉④汉译英⑤作文一、词汇Aaccess to platforms 站台入口additional coach 加挂列车additional train 加开列车arrival and departure siding 到发线assistant driver/motorman 副司机assistant station master 副站长ATC signal 列车自动控制信号automatic door operation 自动开关车门automatic train control （ATC）列车自动控制automatic train operation （ATO）列车自动运行，列车自动驾驶Bbaggage office/room 行李房ballast 道砟，道床berth ticket 卧铺车票boarding gate 检票口box car/wagon 棚车Ccab 司机室，驾驶室carriage with cushioned berths 软卧车carriage with cushioned seats 软坐车carriage with hard seats 硬座车carriage with semi-cushionedberths 硬卧车check ticket 检票，查票chief conductor 列车长chief dispatcher 调度长city railway 城市铁路coach NO.6 六号车厢consist 列车编组顺序表【美】；车列【美】container 集装箱crew 乘务组；乘务人员crew car 宿营车crew member/man乘务人员crew room 乘务员室Ddining-car 餐车direct train 直达车down direction 下行方向Eelectric multiple-unit（EMU）电动车组emergency braking 紧急制动entrance 入口，进站口exit 出口，出站口express ticket 特快车票Ggrade crossing 平面交叉；平交道口，道口【美】guests’waiting-room 贵宾候车室Hhead driver=head engineer 司机长heavy rail 重轨high-speed intercity train 高速城际列车hump 驼峰hump yard 驼峰调车场Iinformation bureau 问讯处【美】in transfer to 中转到issuing station 售票站Llevel crossing 平面交叉，平交道口light rail 轻轨locomotive 机车locomotive depot 机务段long-distance passenger train 长途旅客列车lower berth 下铺luggage office=baggage office 行李房，行李托运处luggage storage service 行李寄存处Mmaglev（magnetically levitated）train 磁悬浮列车main-line coach 干线客车maintenance维修，保养metro 地铁middle berth 中铺monorail 单轨铁路Ppassenger service 客运passenger station 客运站people mover 小型快速交通系统personal rapid transit system 小型快速交通系统pick-up goods train 摘挂列车platform 站台points 道岔Rrailway signaling 铁路信号railway station 火车站railway transport/transportation 铁路运输rapid transit 快速交通系统reception and departure of trains 接发列车refund of ticket 退票rolling stock 机车车辆总称round-the-clock service 昼夜服务round-trip fare 往返票价Sservice charge 手续费Service Counter 服务台station attendant 车站服务员station facilities 车站设备Station Master 站长station operator 车站值班员straddle monorail 跨骑式单轨铁路suspended monorail 悬挂式单轨铁路Tterminal 终点站；枢纽ticket office=booking office=reservation office 售票处ticket valid 车票有效期time interval 时间间隔to endorse ticket 签票TOFC（trailer on flat car）平车装运的集装箱挂车tunnel 隧道；地道Uunclaimed baggage 无人认领行李underground 地铁unmanned crossing=unstaffed level crossing 无人看守道口up direction 上行方向upper berth 上铺Vvehicle 车辆；运输工具Wwaiting room 候车室waiting-room for soft seat passengers 软席候车室二、选择题Unit 21、The dictionary definition of a train is a long line ofvehicles traveling in （C）direction.A、differentB、leftC、the sameD、right2、A maglev train floats about（A）mm above the guideway on a magnetic field.A、10B、11C、9D、83、Because there are no wheels running along there is no wheel（B）.A、maintenanceB、noiseC、disturbanceD、resistance4、Of the 5,000 km that TGV trains serve in France，only about （C）km is high speed line.A、1,000B、1,100C、1,200D、1,3005、The vast majority of resistive force at high speed is（A）resistance.A、airB、frictionC、electricityD、heatUnit101、A rapid transit usually has high capacity and frequency，with large trains and total or near total（C）separation from other traffic. A、level B、part C、grade D、whole2、Power is commonly supplied by means of a single live third rail at（A）volts.A、600 to 750B、700 to 850C、500 to 650D、800 to 950 3、Metro systems generally use（B）power.A、ACB、DCC、overheadD、return4、Rubber tires system is much （A）than conventional steel-wheeled trains.A、quieterB、noisierC、largerD、smaller5、Some cities with steep hills incorporate（C）railway technologies into their metros.A、undergroundB、suspendedC、mountainD、conventionalUnit141、（A）is a station sited where a railway line ends or terminates.A、A terminusB、An interchangeC、A unionD、A depot2、A（C）is a stopping place that may not even have platform.A、taxi rankB、bus bayC、haltD、pub3、Some stations have unusual platform layouts,due to space constraints of the station location,or the （D）of the railway lines.A、curveB、elevationC、parallelD、alignment4、Considerrations for people with disabilities include elevator or （A）access to all platforms,matching platform height to train floors,etc.A、rampB、humpC、campD、lamp5、There are safety measures for disabled people,such as（B）markingof platform edges and covering of third rail.A、audibleB、tactileC、tastefulD、smellyUnit161、Propulsion for the train is typically provded by a separate locomotive,or from individual motors in self-prolled（B）.A、single unitB、multiple unitC、double unitsD、triple units2、A train hauled by two locomotive is said to be（A）.A、double-headedB、single-headedC、triple-headedD、multiple-headed3、Special trains are also used for track maintenance,this is called （C）.A、RPOB、TPOC、MOWD、TOFC4、Tilting is a system where the passenger cars automatically （A）into curves,reducing the centrifugal forces.A、leanB、goC、moveD、run5、The trains are electrically powered,usually by（B）rail.A、firstB、secondC、thirdD、fourth三、对话A:Are you a conductor? 你是列车员吗？B:No,I am a station attendant. 不，我是车站服务员。

新款达卡斯安德罗斯特普威产品说明书

A single glance and you are already itching to escape with All-new Sandero Stepway. Its dynamic frontend, powerful wheel rims, new skid plates, and high ground clearance lend it the energetic and robustlook of an authentic crossover. Its LED headlights, Y-shaped brand light and new glossy black grille with white accents around the logo stretch the front end panel and add even more to its personality. Automatic headlighting and wipers give you better visibility. Sandero Stepway, the adventurer that adapts to wherever you want to go.A SENSE OF ADVENTUREBRAND LIGHTAll the technological features you need: climb aboard effortlessly thanks to keyless entry and discover thestyle of the new passenger compartment. Fog Grey, copper and white finishes, special upholstery withwhite borders, height and depth-adjustable seats and steering wheel, adjustable headrests, electric parking brake, closed storage space: practicality and comfort are the watchwords. Connect your smartphone via a USB cable and use your preferred applications on the 8-inch touch screen. The controls, all placed within easy reach, provide maximum ease of access to all functions. Everything is clear.WELL -DESIGNED COMFORT8-INCH TOUCH SCREEN WITH MEDIANA V SPECIAL UPHOLSTERY ELECTRIC PARKING BRAKEDACIA SANDERO STEPW A YAll-new Sandero Stepway overcomes the challenges of everyday life, you can change its large extendibleboot in an instant so you can get away from it all. To do this, fold down the seats with a single touch,adjust the loading capacity as required and live life to the full.Thanks to an ingenious system, effortlessly convert your roof bars into transverse roof bars to fit a roof compartment, a bicycle rack or a ski rack. Ready to take on the world? Let’s Go!PLENTY OF SPACE FOR WHA TEVER YOU W ANT CONVERTED ROOF BARSLONGITUDINAL ROOF BARSA UNIQUE ALL Y IN TOWN DACIA SANDEROTake a look at the completely redesigned All-new Sandero, a combination of robustness and dynamiclines: simply stunning. Its front and rear Y-shaped brand light puts the finishing touches on a strong andmodern identity. Its LED dipped headlights will light up the road at night like never before. The blackradiator grille with white accents adds to its personality.The Sandero spirit you love has also changed with even greater style in the details: the door mirror shells that match the bodywork are a good example. Their redesigned shape provides an optimum aerodynamic design and helps reduce the noise for the people on board.THE POWER OF WHA T IS ESSENTIAL REAR Y-SHAPED BRAND LIGHTDACIA SANDEROA TTRACTIVE MA TERIALS ELECTRIC PARKING BRAKEFrom the moment you step aboard the automatic remote opening makes you feel comfortable ina welcoming and contemporary setting. Its new panoramic dashboard combines elegance and efficiency.The driver-focused dashboard provides easy access to every feature: new intuitive heating and air-conditioning system controls, a built-in 8-inch screen with navigation and smartphone replication via USB cable, a front parking sensor, which warns you of any nearby obstacles, as well as a height and depth-adjustable steering wheel. The electric parking brake proves highly practical for daily use. Refocussing on what is really important is what makes the All-new Sandero so pleasant.KEY POINTS TO HANDBOOT VOLUME: 328 LITRES REAR BENCH SEAT FOLDED DOWN: BOOT VOLUME 1,108 LITRES CENTRAL ARMREST STORAGE: 1.2 LITRESAll-new Sandero perfectly adapts to your life. And it has the resources, with its large boot and rearfolding bench seat to adapt the space according to your requirements. It also comes with a lot ofstorage space: the cup holders, door storage pockets, closed glovebox and storage console perfectlymeet your organisation requirements to help you get through urban turmoil.The increased shoulder width for the driver and leg room for passengers sitting in back provide optimum comfort. All-new Sandero leaves no doubt about its welcoming atmosphere.T AKE CONTROL OF THE SPACEFor Dacia, nothing is more important than constantly improving the safety of our vehicles, and most of all, that of the passengers. You can relax with automatic emergency braking, hill start assistance, six airbags as standard and blind spot sensor. All-new Dacia Sandero and Sandero Stepway provide everything you need for worry-free driving.SAFE EVERY STEP OF THE W A YAUTOMATIC EMERGENCY BRAKINGSometimes, concentrating and being reactive is not enough. You can rely on All-new Sandero to avoid or mitigate minor accidents. Automatic emergency braking detects collision hazards. If you don’t react or at least not quickly enough, the system triggers and optimises braking.BLIND SPOT WARNINGIt’s difficult to see everything when you change lanes. Fitted with front and rear side sensors, your All-new Sandero warns you about any collision hazard with another vehicle to the side or rear.DACIA SANDERO & SANDERO STEPW A YFRONT/REAR PARKING SENSORS AND REAR-VIEW CAMERAIn the city, all parking spaces are worth taking, even the narrowest ones. From the first manoeuvre, you will be convinced by this sensor which gives you both an audible and a visual warning of the slightest obstacle to the front or rear.HILL ST ART ASSISTNo need to stress when you start on a slope! This function immediately prevents the vehicle from moving backwards when you release the brake pedal. You no longer need the parking brake to help you; manoeuvring your vehicle becomes as easy as ABC.ESSENTIAL DACIA SANDEROAMBIANCES MAIN EQUIPMENTEXTERIOR APPEARANCE-15” Steel wheels-New brand identity-Black door handles and mirrors-Body-coloured front and rear bumpers-New grille with white trim-Y-shaped LED lighting signature-LED automatic daytime running lightsINTERIOR APPEARANCE-Essential upholstery-Fog Grey air vent surrounds with white sliders-Black interior door handles-Titanium black door panelsVISIBILITY-Door mirrors with interior manual adjustment-Auto lighting system DRIVING AND CONTROL INSTRUMENTS -Electrical power-assisted steering -Stop & Start -On-board computer: distance travelled, average speed, range, average consumption.-Cruise control / speed limiter with audible warning ACTIVE AND PASSIVE SAFETY -ABS (Anti-lock Braking System) and EBA (Emergency Brake Assist)-Intercity Automatic Emergency Braking (AEBS)-ESP (Electronic Stability Program) + HSA (Hill Start Assist)-Emergency Call (E-call)-6 Airbags (front and side Driver & passengers including curtain airbags)-Front and rear seat belts with pretensioner and force limiter -Tyre pressure Monitor -Tyre inflation kit -ISOFIX fix points for child seats COMFORT -Remote central locking system -Electric front windows -Height & depth adjustable steering wheel -Automatic locking of doors when in motion -Front ceiling light -12V front socket -Manual rear windows -Front USB socket -Manual heating and air conditioning system -60/40 Split Folding rear seats AUDIO -Media Control: DAB Radio with display on instrument panel + Steering wheel controls + Bluetooth + 2 Speakers OPTIONS -Metallic paintEXPRESSIONDACIA SANDEROAMBIANCEMAIN EQUIPMENTEXPRESSION = ESSENTIAL +EXTERIOR APPEARANCE -Body-colour door mirrors -15” Flex wheelINTERIOR APPEARANCE -Fog Grey vent surrounds-Steel Grey interior door handles-Fabric upholstery on the dashboard and front door armrests -Special Expression upholsteryDRIVING AND CONTROL INSTRUMENTS-Rear parking sensor and reverse camera VISIBILITY -Front fog lights-Electrically operated door mirrorsCOMFORT-Automatic windscreen wipers-one-touch electric windows on the driver’s side -Keyless entryAUDIO-8’’ Media Display with smartphone replication (2 USB Sockets, compatible with Apple CarPlay ^TM and Android Auto ^TM + 4 speakers)OPTIONS -Metallic paintESSENTIAL STEPWA YMAIN EQUIPMENTEXTERIOR APPEARANCE-16” Flex wheels with full wheel cap-New brand identity-Black door handles and mirrors-Body-coloured front and rear bumpers-White Grille with Stepway inscription-Y-shaped LED daytime running lights-Black longitudinal roof bars with stepway inscription INTERIOR APPEARANCE-Black interior door handles-Essential upholstery-Copper orange air vent surroundsVISIBILITY-Door mirrors with interior manual adjustment-Auto lighting system-Heated rear window DRIVING AND CONTROLINSTRUMENTS-Electric power-assisted steering-Stop & Start-3.5” TFT instrument panel with on-board computer: distancetravelled, average speed, range, average consumption-Cruise control / speed limiter with audible warningACTIVE AND PASSIVE SAFETY-ABS (Anti-lock Braking System) and EBA (Emergency Brake Assist)-Intercity Automatic Emergency Braking (AEBS)-ESP (Electronic Stability Program) + HSA (Hill Start Assist)-Emergency Call (E-call)-6 Airbags (front and side Driver & passengers includingcurtain airbags)-Front passenger deactivation-Front and rear seat belts with pretensioner and force limiter-Tyre pressure Monitor-Tyre inflation kit-ISOFIX fix points for child seats.-Engine immoblizerCOMFORT-Remote central locking system-Height & depth adjustable steering wheel-Height-adjustable driver’s seat with armrest-Automatic locking of doors when in motion-Front ceiling light-12V front socket-Electric front windows-Manual rear windows-Front USB socket-Manual heating and air conditioning system-60/40 Split Folding rear seatsAUDIO-Media Control: DAB Radio with display on instrument panel +Steering wheel controls + 2 SpeakersOPTIONS-Metallic paintEXPRESSION STEPWA YMAIN EQUIPMENTEXPRESSION STEPWA Y =ESSENTIAL STEPWA Y+EXTERIOR APPEARANCE-Body coloured door handles-Body coloured door mirrors-Megalith Grey Satin modular roof bars with stepway inscription INTERIOR APPEARANCE-Soft feel steering wheel-Satin Chrome interior door handles-Fog grey and copper orange air vent surrounds with white sliders -Fabric trim on dashboard and front door armrests-Driver & Passenger vanity mirror with cover DRIVING AND CONTROLINSTRUMENTS-Rear parking sensors-Reversing cameraVISIBILITY-Front fog lights-Automatic front wipers-Door mirrors - heated and electrically-adjustable door mirrorsCOMFORT-Keyless entry-Rear 12V plug-One-touch electric windows on the driver’s sideAUDIO-8’’ Media Display with smartphone replication (2 USB Sockets,compatible with Apple CarPlay ^TM and Android Auto ^TM +4 speakers)OPTIONS-Metallic paintJOURNEY STEPWA YMAIN EQUIPMENTJOURNEY STEPWA Y = EXPRESSION STEPWA Y + EXTERIOR APPEARANCE-17” Diamond-effect alloy wheelsDRIVING AND CONTROL INSTRUMENTS-Front and rear parking sensors & reversing camera -Electronic parking brake-Blind spot warningCOMFORT-Automatic heating and air-conditioning-High central armrest with central storage AUDIO-8’’ MediaNav with DAB Radio + Smartphone replication + Bluetooth + 6 Speakers with Apple CarPlay TM and Android Auto TMOPTIONS-Metallic paint15" WHEEL TRIM 16" FLEX WHEEL 15" FLEX WHEEL 16" ALLOY WHEELWHEELS(1)(2)(1)**PEARL BLACK (2)(2)(2)(2)**(1)*(2)*(1) Opaque paint. (2) Metallic paint.*Available only on Sandero. **Available only on Stepway.DACIA SANDERO & SANDERO STEPW A YCOLOURS, HUBCAPS & WHEELSCOLOURS•••••••DACIA SANDERO & SANDERO STEPW A YEQUIPMENT & OPTIONSSandero EssentialSandero Expression Sandero StepwayEssential Sandero StepwayExpression Sandero StepwayJourneyEXTERIOR APPEARANCELED brand light•••••LED automatically-activated daytime running lights •••••New brand identity grille with white inserts •••••Front grille with Stepway inscription --•••Front/rear bumpersBody-colouredBody-colouredBody-colouredBody-colouredBody-colouredMegalith Grey front/rear skid plates --•••Exterior door handles Black Body-coloured Black Body-coloured Body-coloured Door mirrorsBlack Body-colouredBlack Body-colouredBody-colouredLongitudinal roof bars--Black --Modular longitudinal roof bars (Megalith Grey Satin)---••INTERIOR APPEARANCEAir vent surrounds Fog Grey and white slidersFog Grey Copper Fog Grey and Copper withwhite slidersFog Grey and Copper withwhite slidersInterior door handlesBlack Steel GreyBlack Satin ChromeSatin ChromeFabric upholstery on the dashboard and front door armrests/ copper trim on the front door armrests -/-•/--/-•/••/•Single-piece folding rear bench seatback (1/1)•-•--1/3- 2/3 split-fold rear bench seatback •••••Synthetic leather soft feel steering wheel---••ACTIVE AND PASSIVE SAFETYABS (Anti-lock Braking System) and EBA (Emergency Brake Assist)•••••Intercity Automatic Emergency Braking (AEBS)•••••ESP (Electronic Stability Program) + HSA (Hill Start Assist)•••••Emergency call (E-call)•••••Driver’s front airbag/passenger’s front airbag can be deactivated •/••/••/••/••/•Shoulder and curtain side airbags•••••Lateral front and rear seat belts with pretensioner and force limiter •••••Rear parking sensors + rear-view camera-•-•-Front and rear parking sensors + rear-view camera + blind spot warnings ----•Electric parking brake and high central armrest with storage ----•Tyre pressure detection •••••Spare wheel + Jack -----Tyre inflation kit•••••Isofix child seat mounting system on rear side seats•••••DRIVING AND CONTROL INSTRUMENTSElectrical power-assisted steering •••••Stop & Start•••••On-board computer: distance travelled, average speed, range, average consumption(including for LPG)•••••Cruise control/Speed limiter with audible warning••••••••••Sandero EssentialSandero ExpressionSandero StepwayEssentialSandero StepwayExpressionSandero StepwayJourneyVISIBILITYFront fog lights-•-••Door mirrors with interior manual adjustment •-•--Electrically operated door mirrors-•-••COMFORTManual heating and air conditioning system ••••-Automatic heating and air conditioning system ----•Automatic windscreen wipers-•-••Electric door locking with radio frequency remote control -••••Automatic locking of doors when in motion •••••Keyless entry-•-••Driver and passenger front electric windows•-•--One-touch driver-seat window control (with anti-trapping function), non one-touch passenger side -•-••Electric rear windows---••Height- and reach-adjustable steering wheel ••••/••/•Front ceiling light •/-•/••/-•/••/•1 USB socket at the front •••••1 x 12V socket in the front•••••AUDIOMedia Control: DAB radio with controls on the steering wheel, integrated display on theon-board computer screen, smartphone holder fixed on the dashboard, 2 front speakers, Bluetooth® connection, Dacia Media Control mobile application•••••Media Display: Android Auto™ and Apple CarPlay™ compatibility with smartphone replication via USB cable (DAB radio with 8” touch screen and 4 speakers)-•-•-Media NAV: navigation, Europe map + MAP CARE (Western Europe or Eastern Europe maps + 6 free updates for 3 years), DAB radio, smartphone replication via USB cable, Bluetooth® connection, 6 speakers (4 speakers + 2 tweeters), 8” touch screen, removable phone holder (compatible with Apple CarPlay™ and Android Auto™)----•Maps of Europe (West or East, depending on country)----•-: not available; ••: available as standard; o: available as an option. Android Auto™ is a Google Inc. brand. Apple CarPlay™ is an Apple Inc. brand.DACIA SANDERO & SANDERO STEPW A YENGINESTCe 90TCe 90 CVTSANDERO ENGINESFiscal rating (CV) (France)55FuelUnleaded fuel (E10)Unleaded fuel (E10)Max. power kW CEE (hp) at an engine speed of (rpm)67 at 4,600-5,00067 at 4,500-5,000Max. torque Nm CEE (m.kg) at an engine speed of (rpm)160 at 2,100-3,750142 at 1,750-3,750Gearbox type Manual 5-speed Auto-CVTType of Injection Turbo Indirect injectionTurbo Indirect injectionCapacity (cm 3)999Number of cylinders/valves 3-Dec Emission control standardEuro 6 DFullCHASSIS AND STEERINGTyre dimensions185/65 R15 88H - 195/55 R16 87HSteering - Turning circle, kerb to kerb (m)10.53Front suspension Pseudo McPherson with lower wishbone, spiral spring suspension with telescopic hydraulic shock absorbers and anti-roll barRear suspensionSemi-rigid axle with anti-roll bar spring suspension and telescopic hydraulic shock absorbersPERFORMANCEMaximum speed (km/h)1751690-100km/h (s)12.213.4Mid-range acceleration: 80 km/h - 120km/h (s)in 4th5th11.6 20.111.6FUEL CONSUMPTION AND EMISSIONS (1)Approval protocol WLTP (2)Fuel tank capacity (l)5050CO 2 emissions (g/km) Best Case - Worst Case119/120131/140Fuel consumption during combined cycle (l/100 km) Best Case - Worst Case5.3/5.35.8/6.2VOLUMES AND WEIGHTSEssentialExpression Essential Expression Minimum kerb weight 1,0521,0721,0871,099Maximum kerb weight 1,0961,1201,1201,144Gross train weight (GTW)2,6382,6622,6622,686Maximum permissible laden weight (MPLW)1,5381,5621,5621,586Max. braked towing weight1,1001,1001,1001,100(1) Official consumption and emissions according to applicable regulations. (2) WLTP (Worldwide Harmonized Light Vehicle Test Procedures): this new protocol provides results much closer to those found in daily use compared to the NEDC protocol. CO 2 emissions are certified using a standard, regulated method. This method is identical for all manufacturers and enables vehicles to be compared.TCe 90TCe 90 CVTSANDERO STEPWAY ENGINESFiscal rating (CV) (France)55FuelUnleaded fuel (E10)Unleaded fuel (E10)Max. power kW CEE (hp) at an engine speed of (rpm)67 at 4,600-5,00067 at 4,500-5,000Max. torque Nm CEE (m.kg) at an engine speed of (rpm)160 at 2,100-3,750142 at 1,750-3,750Gearbox type Manual 6-speedAuto-CVTType of Injection Turbo Indirect injectionCapacity (cm 3)999Number of cylinders/valves 3-Dec Emission control standardEuro 6 DFullCHASSIS AND STEERINGTyre dimensions205/60 R16 92HSteering - Turning circle, kerb to kerb (m)10.39Front suspension Pseudo McPherson with lower wishbone, spiral spring suspension with telescopic hydraulic shock absorbers and anti-roll barRear suspensionSemi-rigid axle with anti-roll bar spring suspension and telescopic hydraulic shock absorbersPERFORMANCEMaximum speed (km/h)1721630-100km/h (s)1214.2Mid-range acceleration: 80 km/h - 120km/h (s)in 4th5th 6th10.3 14.6 22.612.6FUEL CONSUMPTION AND EMISSIONS (1)Approval protocol WLTP (2)Fuel tank capacity (l)5050CO 2 emissions (g/km) Best Case - Worst Case120/12131/140Fuel consumption during combined cycle (l/100 km) Best Case - Worst Case5.3/5.45.8/6.2VOLUMES AND WEIGHTSEssentialExpression Essential Expression Minimum kerb weight 1,0771,0961,1131,122Maximum kerb weight 1,1191,1361,1431,159Gross train weight (GTW)2,6612,6782,6852,701Gross vehicle weight (GVW)1,5611,5781,5851,601Max. braked towing weight1,1001,1001,1001,100(1) Official consumption and emissions according to applicable regulations. (2) WLTP (Worldwide Harmonized Light Vehicle Test Procedures): this new protocol provides results much closer to those found in daily use compared to the NEDC protocol. Fuel consumption and CO 2 emissions are certified using a standard, regulated method. This method is identical for all manufacturers and enables vehicles to be compared.1.ROOF BARS SANDERO ALUMINIUMStreamlined, easy and quick to assemble, these are ideal for transporting a bicycle rack, ski rack or roof locker and increase the carrying capacity of the vehicle.2.PREMIUM TEXTILE FLOOR MA TS AND ILLUMINA TED DOOR SILLS A T THE FRONTTake advantage of the top-of-the-range quality of the Sandero premium textile floor mats to protect your interior in style. In addition, the door sills (sold in pairs) will enhance the vehicle entrances with a touch of light.3.SEAT ARMRESTTo give maximum comfort to the driver, opt for this height-adjustable, flip-up armrest.4.SHARK FIN AERIALAdd a contemporary touch with this compact aerial, which fits perfectly into the lines of your vehicle.5.TOOL-FREE REMOV ABLE TOWBAR KITThanks to its tow ball that can be easily removed without tools, the aesthetic appeal of your vehicle is maintained. Recommended for frequent use.6.SWAN-NECK TOWBAR KITEssential for safe towing or transportation of your equipment – e.g. bicycle rack, trailer, boat, caravan, professional gear, etc.2.6.5.DACIA SANDERO & SANDERO STEPW A YACCESSORIES9.11.12.7.7.STAINLESS STEEL BOOT SILL Cover and protect the rear bumper with this practical, attractive and customised accessory. With its brushed finish, it brings a touch of design and robustness to the rear of your vehicle.8.BOOT LINER Can be fitted quickly by adapting to the shape of your boot and effectively protects its original carpeting with its high edges. Semi-rigid, it is easy to take out and clean.9.EASYFLEX MODULAR BOOT PROTECTION Cover the entire loading space for transporting bulky items. Versatile and waterproof, it folds and unfolds very easily, adapting to the position of the rear seats, even when folded down.10.RUBBER FLOOR MA TS WITH RAISED EDGES These floor mats with raised edges specially designed for your vehicle make the floor of your passenger compartment watertight. Easy to maintain, they can be attached quickly using the safety clips provided for this purpose.11.LOWER DOOR PROTECTION Accentuate the rugged character of your vehicle whilst protecting the lower parts of the doors.12.FRONT AND REAR MUD FLAPS Provide the underbody of your vehicle with effective protection against water, mud and gravel.DACIA SANDERO & SANDERO STEPW A YDIMENSIONS1499200718481532,614°89814°878260440881621518,6141014061508,91410140614°89814°878830666260440992011519,9184820071587153581966620191985SANDERO SANDERO STEPWA YDimensions in mm 10261026BOOT (in dm 3 - VDA standard)Minimum boot volume (ISO 3832)328Maximum boot volume (ISO 3832)1108Volume under false floor (ISO 3832)78BOOT (in dm 3 - VDA standard)Minimum boot volume (ISO 3832)328Maximum boot volume (ISO 3832)1108Volume under false floor (ISO 3832)78Every precaution has been taken to ensure this publication is accurate and up to date when printed. This document has been created using pre-production and prototype models. In line with its policy of continuous product improvement, Dacia reserves the right to modify the specifications, vehicles and accessories described and featured at any time. Any such modifications are communicated to Dacia dealers as quickly as possible. Depending on the country of sale, versions may differ and certain equipment may be unavailable (as standard, optional or as an accessory). Please consult your Dacia brand representative for the latest information. For technical printing reasons, the colours featured in this document may differ slightly from those of the actual paintwork or interior trim. All rights reserved. Reproduction in any format and by any means of all or part of this publication is prohibited without prior written authorisation from Dacia.Dacia recommendsPUBLICIS – PHOTO CREDITS: – JUL Y 2022。

Tema-Voyager Multi 4 Management System 安全门控制器说明书

The Tema-Voyager ™ Multi controller canmanage four doors, with rigorous security and superior performance.Smarter security for smarter operations • Direct IP connection to the supervisory level• LAN connectivity via: Static IP, DHCP and DNS • 10/100Mb and 1Gb encrypted LAN (AES 256 with EBI, TLS1.2 with PW)• Peer-to-peer communication with other Tema-Voyager Multi controllers maintains system functionality, even after a failedconnection to the supervisory level• Completely autonomous, with on-board database • Door management remains fully active during database downloads • Management of up to 250K cards • No limit to the number of behaviour models or access levels per card-holder • Two levels of anti-passback control for greater security• Threat-level management • Wall or DIN rail mounting • Tamper resistant (anti opening)• 4 inputs, 4 open-collector outputs, and 8 fully configurable I/O ports for versatile door management • Optional Internal Relay Board• Optional SAM (Secure Access Module) plug-in boardTEMA-VOYAGER ™ MULTIEach controller manages its doors autonomously, and can independently connect to other Tema-Voyager controllers to ensure continued functionality – even when disconnected from the software supervisor.The Tema-Voyager Multi serves as both a controller and as the connection point and I/O manager for up to four readers. It can also support a plug-in for a “secure access module” or SAM. This enhances the encryption and security of your access control.• Communication between the reader and the controller uses a robust encrypted OSDP connection (Open Supervised Device Protocol) to provide authentication and confidentiality • Automatic, randomized key distribution also helps prevent cyber attacks• The optional Emergency Relay Output Board lets the Tema-Voyager Multi interrupt the power supply to unlock doors if an emergency alarm is triggered (such as a fire alarm)• An additional dedicated input helps maximize availability by eliminating firmware or software dependency• “Power over Ethernet” support (PoE and PoE+) lets the Tema-Voyager Multi directly power up to 4 readers • Using the optional Relay Output Board, the controller can unlock doors without added power supply• The Tema-Voyager Multi monitors the electrical current to the Wiegand connection on a reader to sense when a power short or cut occurs • If a short or cut is detected, an alarm is sent to the supervisory level • If the reader is equipped with tamper prevention, this can also be monitored • If a tamper alarm is triggered, the controller alerts the supervisory levelEND-TO-END ENCRYPTIONEMERGENCY READINESSSMARTER POWER MANAGEMENTSMARTER WIEGAND MANAGEMENTFEATURES AND BENEFITSTEMALINE VERSATILE CAPABILITIESPART OF THE OVERALL EBI-TEMALINE ARCHITECTURESEAMLESSLY INTEGRATED INTO PRO-WATCH ISSDIMENSION DIAGRAMThe Tema-Voyager Multi includes variations to manage a single-sided door, up to 4 single-sided doors, or 2 double-sided doors. The table below shows the available configurations.The controller also provides 4 inputs, 4 outputs, and 8 fully configurable I/O ports. The “Multi-0” model is for applications where you do not need to manage a reader – only inputs and outputs.The highly secure capabilities of Tema-Voyager Multi can be leveraged via Honeywell’s Enterprise Buildings Integrator (EBI) as well as via Honeywell’s Pro-Watch Integrated Security Suite.Tema-Voyager Multi integrates with Honeywell’s Enterprise Buildings Integrator (EBI) to provide robust, versatile security.Compatibility and peer-to-peer communication with Tema-Voyager Compact and other Temaline controllers (TS_AC01 and TS2) enhances your ability to manage complex access control applications in both existing and new solutions.• Access Control: Multi, TS2, TS_AC01, Compact • Time and Attendance: Compact, Multi, TS2, TS_AC01• Muster: Compact, TS2, TS_AC01• Intrusion: Tema-SEC, Tema-ID• Light Intrusion: Multi, Compact, TS_AC01, TS2• Lift security: TS_AC01, TS2Tema-Voyager Multi is a high performance and competitive controller for access control purposes and light intrusionfunctionalities. Its flexibility to support wiegand readers as well as end-to-end solution and also mutual authentication allows a smooth migration path reusing the current installed readers and cards towards a fully secure architecture.It offers key differentiation to minimise any possible breach, as well as detection of relay attack/proximity check to avoid anycapturing and re-transmitting of the card-code.* A Tema-Voyager multi controller can embed up to max 3 output boards in total. So it supports up to 1 emergency relay output board plus 2 relay output boards.** VMA-08, VMA-09 and VMA-10 require product manager approval.Honeywell reserves the right, without notification, to make changes in product design or specifications.More InformationEmail:********************** Honeywell Building Technologies Via Philips, 1220900 Monza (MB) ItalyTemaline_DS_Multi_EN_EBI&PW_DS-C © 2022 Honeywell International Inc.。

英语人教选择性必修第一册Unit 2 01 Reading and Thinking

Analyze the writing techniques
2. What writing techniques are used in this article?
By means of classification, examples and comparison.
3. Where can you find this kind of passage?
A smart home.
Careful reading Read paragraph1 and think over the questions. 4. What’s the difference between ordinary homes and smart homes?
Ordinary homes
Lights, favorite music or TV programmes
come on the instant we enter the door
Analyze the writing techniques
1. What genre is the passage?What are its features?
Your home will learn your daily routine and __p_re_f_e_re_n_c_e_s_ (preference), so everything will be ready
for you when you get home each evening. For example, lights will come on instantly you enter the door along with____y_o_u_r___(you) favourite music. All controls will respond to voice commands, so you just say __w__h_a_t ___you want and the home system will obey. Besides, it will give you suggestions on a healthier diet and how____to__s_le_e_p___( sleep) better. This smart technology____is______(be) not a fantasy. Nevertheless, it will take some years___b_ef_o_r_e_____most new homes begin to use it.

迅达门自动门维修手册说明书

Important warranty, user informationand service record for your automatic doorAutomatic sliding door operating & maintenance manualFor power-operated doors to EN 16005AUTOMATIC SLIDING DOOR LOG BOOKContentsService and maintenanceService and maintenance Warranty statement Door system dataReport for initial inspection User guideFirst entry last exit procedure (if fitted)Daily ChecksRegular inspection and maintenance Inspection reports23456-7 891011-15Why the necessity?All doors, whether manual or automatic, are complex components subject to punishing wear and tear. Therefore to ensure that they continue to functionproperly, regular service and maintenance is imperative.Regular door maintenance helps prevent accidents, reduces breakdowns and the accompanying inconvenience, and prolongs the life of the door operator.There are also legal implications regarding the servicing of all door types which must be adhered to, to ensure the safety of users at all times. All safety requirements for power operated doors are stipulated in EN 16005:2012 Power operated pedestrian doorsets -Safety in use. All dormakaba service engineers are trained to comply with this standard through the Automatic Door Suppliers Association (ADSA) examination of competency.dormakaba provides a tailored, local resource for the servicing and maintenance of all brands of:• automatic swing• sliding and revolving doors • manual doors • fire doors• access control systems • industrial doors • roller shutters • gates & barriersFor more information visit AUTOMATIC SLIDING DOOR LOG BOOKWarranty statementService and maintenancePlease note the legal implications regarding the installation and servicing of automatic doors which must be adhered to, so as to ensure the safety of users at all times as stipulated in EN 16005:2012 Power operated pedestrian doorsets – Safety in use.Product registrationAny decision to register your product does not affect your statutory rights under the UK Sale of Goods Act 1979.If you would like to register your product with dormakaba please visit Alternatively, you can contact the dormakaba UK Service Hotline on:0800 212 380************************LimitationsThis warranty does not apply to defects resulting from Customer actions, such as mishandling, improper installation, operation outside of design limits, misapplication, attempted repair, or unauthorized modification.Any additional warranty provided by the selling agent does not imply or transfer any additional obligation to dormakaba regarding this product.dormakaba standard terms and conditions will apply at all times and are available on request.dormakaba are not liable for the consequences of any third party claim on its products, which are sold in the knowledge that installation is carried out by competent staff and maintained in accordance with current safety standards.Thank you for purchasing a dormakaba product which has been designed and manufactured to provide many year’s problem-free operation.All products sold by Dorma UK Ltd are warranted against defect in materials and workmanship for a period of 12 months from the date of purchase on a return to factory basis.If you believe this product has a defect or has failed during normal use within the warranty period, please contact the authorised agent from whom you bought the product and who will make arrangements for its return.Alternatively, if your product was installed bydormakaba please contact us directly as detailed below to discuss the return of the unit, with the product serial number. dormakaba standard terms and conditions will apply at all times and are available on request.AUTOMATIC SLIDING DOOR LOG BOOKDoor system dataTo be completed by a qualified technician at installation Manufacturer: DORMA UK Ltd, Wilbury Way, Hitchin, SG4 0AB Type of operator/door: Sliding DoorTo be completed by a qualified technician at installationProduct name: ES200 / BST / CS80 MAGNEO / Other (please state below):(delete as applicable)..........................................................................................................................................................................Sales Order No.: ..................................................................................................................................................................................Asset No.: .............................................................................................................................................................................................Year of mission date: ..............................................................................................................................................................................Installed by: DORMA UK Ltd / Other (please state company)Doorset location / reference: ............................................................................................................................................................Additional information:................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................In order that an automatic door operator may comply with the requirements of EN16005:2012 a risk assessment should be carried out prior to installation which assesses the risk to users. It is the responsibility of the installer to ensure that a door system is compliant.AUTOMATIC SLIDING DOOR LOG BOOKReport for initial inspectionTo be completed by a qualified technician at installationThe following list of components and functions to be inspected is only a reference and shall help the inspector during inspection. From case to case, the inspection can be more or less comprehensive. In principle, the inspector has to perform a visual inspection and functional tests to check the system for completeness. In addition, the system status and the efficiency of the components and the respective safety equipment require inspection. Please consider the separate inspection instructions supplied with the individual door types.3.1 General•Functionality of door system •Proper mounting •Connections/Power supply •Guide rails and base sections •Force transmission/Incremental encoder •Bearings•Glazing, Cover•Coating, Corrosion protection•All documentation complete3.2 Check safety equipment accordingto risk assessment to EN 16005 •Finger protection (crushing, shearing and drawing in)•Safety sensors/Sensor monitoring •Reversing/Stop equipment •Safety screen•Safety contact strips (SCS) •Force limitation•Emergency pushbuttons• Safety sensors• Fire alarm connection• Batteries 3.3 Control elements •Pushbuttons/switches •Contact mats•Radio controls/Remote controls •Card readers•Motion detectors3.4 Function•Friction clutch•NC contact (limit switch) •NO contact (limit switch) •Locking device, Deactivation •Deactivation of safety equipment •Emergency manual operation •Emergency Opening/Rubber cord/ Auxiliary drive3.5 Check door system for properfunctioning in all operation modes •OFF•AUTOMATIC •PERMANENT OPEN •PARTIAL OPEN•EXIT ONLY•LOCKING DEVICESUser guide123Program switch settings:AUTOMATIC SLIDING DOOR LOG BOOKThe unit is switched off. In the case of units with theoptional locking mechanism, the door is electro-mechanically locked.Door may be opened using first entry - last exit switches if fitted.If a person or object comes within range of the radar detectors, the door opens to full opening width and closes at the end of the preset hold-open time.The external sensor is deactivated, the door may only be used from the inside (e.g. one way function on close of business).If a person or object comes within range of the internal sensor, presence sensors or light barriers, the dooropens to its full opening width and closes the end of the preset hold-open time.The operator can be programmed to lock or unlock in the ‘EXIT ONLY’ position by a dormakaba Service engi-neer.Old Program SwitchNew Program Switch.........4PARTIAL OPENING5PERMANENTLY OPENAUTOMATIC SLIDING DOOR LOG BOOKIf a person or object comes within range of thedetectors or presence sensor, the door opens to the preset partial opening width and closes at the end of the preset hold-open time.The opening width of the door can be adjusted individually. To do this:Close the door using the OFF switch settingSet the program switch to PERMANENTLY OPENThe door opens at low (check) speedAs soon as the door reaches the desiredpartial opening width, set the program switch to PARTIAL OPENINGThe door stops and the control unit stores the desired positionThe door commences a closing cycleThe door opens in check speed to its full opening width and remains in the position until another function is selected.In the event of power failureIf the program switch is in the AUTOMATIC position, the door will fail openIf the program switch is in the OFF position, the door will remain closed To open the door, turn the program switch to AUTOMATIC. After a short delay the door will open at reduce speed and remain open until power is restored or the program switch is turned to Off.Alternatively, if FIRST ENTRY - LAST EXIT is fitted, operate button once or key once to open the door. To close the door, operate either button or key once.This sequence can be carried out as required until power is restored.First entry last exit procedure (if fitted)The purpose of this system is to allow an opening of the door when the Program Switch is in the OFF position and the sensors are not operable.This means that people should not open or close the door MANUALLY which could result in a major failure of the operator and potentially damage components.There will be a GREEN BUTTON near to the door on the inside of the building.To EXIT the building:1. Turn the program switch to the OFF position and letthe door close (stand away from the door to ensure the sensor does not detect you).2. Set the building alarm (if you have one)3. Operate the GREEN BUTTON to open the door4. Exit and allow the door to close (stand away fromthe door to ensure the sensor does not detect you), then lock the door in the centre with the key when closed.To ENTER the building:There will be a KEY SWITCH or other access control near to the door on the outside of the building1. Unlock the door, before using the KEY SWITCH2. Operate the key switch on the outside of thebuilding, this will open the door3. Enter the building (stand away from the door toensure the sensor does not detect you), the door will then close behind you4. Turn off the building alarm (if you have one)5. Put the program switch into the required position,or leave it in the OFF position6. If required to admit staff members before openinghours, simply press the GREEN BUTTON. The doorwill open then re-close.AUTOMATIC SLIDING DOOR LOG BOOKDaily checks - facility operatorA safety check should be performed daily by the facility operator on each automatic door.ActivationWalk toward the door at a normal pace. The door should start opening before you reach a minimum of 1000mm from the door. If the door is an escape route,a minimum of 1500mm applies in the direction of escape.Repeat for the other side if the door has two-way operation.SafetyNote: In order to test the safety sensors we recommend using an approved test object measuring 200mm x 300mm x 700mm high to test the door safety as detailed in EN16005.Activate the door to open, place the test object in the threshold, move away from the threshold and verify that the door stays open.Remove the test object from threshold area, after a short time delay the door should close.For sensors covering the area of door travel, place the test object directly beneath the sensor. When activated, the door should open at reduced speed.Low Energy Sliding Doors (CS80 Magneo only)•May not be fitted with safety devices as described above•Often have manual activation devices •Travel at lower speeds with lower force•In the opening direction will stop when obstructed and continue after the obstruction is removed •In the closing direction will reverse open when obstructedGeneral Observations•Check the door area does not present tripping or slipping hazards•Check all door panels for broken/cracked glass•Check all doors have correct warning and information signs displayed•Check the position and security of screens & barriers •Check operation of manual or remote activation, or emergency stop button if fitted•Check for distractions and obstructions in the vicinity of the doors•Check all equipment and cabling is securely fixed If you have questions about any of the above items, please contact dormakaba UK Service. Safety devices for all doors should be checked by an ADSA qualified technician at least once a year.If you have a problem you cannot correct, turn off the door and call your local dormakaba on 0800 212 3800.AUTOMATIC SLIDING DOOR LOG BOOKADSA Occupier Safety CheckVideosRegular inspection and maintenanceTo be undertaken by a qualified technician.The following list describes what has to be done during the maintenance of dormakaba door systems. Always consider the mounting and operation instructions during maintenance.Please observe the requirements for fire doors, emergency exits and escape routes during inspection, if applicable. The current state of technology has to be taken into consideration when assessing the door system with regard to safety-related questions.Note down any safety-relevant error/deficit in the log book and on the performance sheet. The inspector must note down the scope, results and date of the inspections and the facility operator has to keep these documents for at least one year.ES/CS complete door systems (sliding doors)1. Clean and check the track section, retension/repair/replace as required2. Check toothed belt and retension/replace asrequired3. Check escape route function of escape routesystems (check rubber cord and retension/replace as required)4. Check door suspension and adjust/repair/replace as required5. Check floor guide and adjust/repair/replace asrequired6. Check all fixing components and retension asrequired7. Check all settings and readjust as required8. Check all safety equipment and adjust/repair/replace as required9. Check and reaadjust all safety clearances asrequired (finger protection, crushing and shearing edges, drawing-in)10. Check all control elements and adjust/repair/r eplace as required11. Check wear parts such as toothed belt, motor,pulley and locking device once a year and replace as required (see complete wear part list)12. Write down inspection and maintenance report the log bookPlease note we recommend that sliding doorswhich are emergency exits or escape routes are inspected twice a year13. Replace rechargeable battery packs approximatelyevery two yearsAUTOMATIC SLIDING DOOR LOG BOOKInspection reportsThe facilities operator should ensure that this log book is available for the qualified technician on his arrival at site.If it is not available then it is the responsibility of the facilities operator to record the visit.AUTOMATIC SLIDING DOOR LOG BOOK112021-10AUTOMATIC SLIDING DOOR LOG BOOK122021-10AUTOMATIC SLIDING DOOR LOG BOOK132021-10AUTOMATIC SLIDING DOOR LOG BOOK142021-10AUTOMATIC SLIDING DOOR LOG BOOK152021-10CENTRAL LOCATIONSdormakabaDORMA UK LtdWilbury WayHitchin, HertsSG4 0ABSERVICE BRANCHES SCOTLANDUnit 1, Almond Road, Middlefield Industrial Estate, FalkirkFK2 9HQIRELANDPO Box 1050MaynoothCo. KildareNORTH WESTUnit 10, Meadow Business Park Meadow Lane, BoltonBL2 6PT dormakabaKaba LtdLower Moor WayTiverton, DevonEX16 6SSLONDON NORTH & SOUTHWilbury WayHitchinHertfordshireSG4 0ABMIDLANDSNORTH EASTSOUTH WESTLower Moor WayTivertonDevonEX16 6SSUnit 32 Crowther RoadCrowther Industrial EstateWashingtonTyne & WearNE38 0ADThe CourtyardJohn Harper StreetWillenhallWest MidlandsWV13 1REE:************************。

TYCO AQUAMIST Mist Control Center Pump Skid Unit 产

AQUAMIST Mist Control Center (MCC) Pump Skid UnitPage 1 of 8 JANUARY 2016 TFP2270General DescriptionThe TYCO AQUAMIST Mist Control Center (MCC) Pump Skid Unit is a pre-assembled, self-contained, control center for the Ultra Low Flow AQUA-MIST Systems. The compact skid unit, which has been pre-wired and pre-piped, is designed for ease of instal-lation and to reduce time and labor required for field installation. The MCC is factory assembled and functionally tested, ready to connect to the system and an adequate water supply.This unit consists of a positive dis-placement pump coupled to an elec-tric motor which is factory wired to a full service motor controller. The pump discharge is connected to a pressure regulating loop which redirects unused water to the pump inlet, to a thermal relieving device which provides cooling to the recirculated fluid, and to a pres-sure relieving loop which will direct water to the pump inlet in the event of a blockage of flow.The MCC is available in six sizes. The MCC-1 and MCC-A are capable of pro-viding a maximum flow rate of 50 gpm (189 lpm); the MCC-2 and MCC-B are capable of providing a maximum flow rate of 100 gpm (378 lpm); the MCC-3 and MCC-C are capable of providing a maximum flow rate of 150 gpm (568 lpm).The MCC is also available with two output pressure settings. The MCC-1, MCC-2 and MCC-3 are set to output a maximum of 250 psi (17,2 bar). The MCC-A, MCC-B and MCC-C are set to output 175 psi (12,1 bar).Technical DataApprovalsThe TYCO AQUAMIST Mist Control Center (MCC) Pump Skid Unit is FM Approved as a component of FM Approved TYCO AQUAMIST systems when configured as the wet pipe, deluge, and single interlock preac-tion system arrangements. These system types are listed in Table A with their Approved applications and Tyco Fire Protection Products (TFPP) Data Sheet numbers. The MCC Pump Skid Unit can also be configured as a double interlock preaction system arrangement that can be used for a performance based design or other non-FM Approved applications. Allcabinets, skids, and enclosures which incorporate Approved components, as well as commercial-off-the-shelf industry accepted components, meet the requirements of NFPA 750 and NFPA 20.Working Pressures for MCC-1, MCC-2 and MCC-3Maximum system pressure: 250 psi (17,2 bar)Maximum working pressure:Up to 240 psi (16,5 bar)Working Pressures for MCC-A, MCC-B and MCC-CMaximum system pressure: 175 psi (12,1 bar)Maximum working pressure: Up to 170 psi (11,7 bar)TFP2270Page 2 of 8SystemComponentsThe TYCO AQUAMIST Mist Control Center (MCC) Pump Skid Unit is avail-able in numerous configurations suit-able for different applications, including Wet Pipe, Preaction, Single Zone Deluge, and Multiple Zone Deluge.A typical Pump Skid Unit configuration is illustrated in Figure 1 and includes the following:Gear Pump andElectric Motor Driver Refer to Table B(For more details, refer to manufactur-er’s data sheet)Fire Pump ControllerTornatech Model GPA or GPA+GPU (For more details, refer to manufactur-er’s data sheet)Control Panel (Optional)Potter PFC-4410-RC(For more details, refer to manufactur-er’s data sheet)Pressure Relief Valve TYCO RV-1(For more details, refer to Technical Data Sheet TFP1585)System (Manual)Shut-off Control Valve GRINNELL BFV-N(For more details, refer to Technical Data Sheet TFP1510)Thermal Relief ValveTherm-Omega-Tech 154-010100-100(For more details, refer to manufactur-er’s data sheet)Optional additional components depend upon the configuration ordered, including:OptionalWet Pipe Components Alarm Valve TYCO AV-1(For more details, refer to Technical Data Sheet TFP910)Pressure Control Switch Potter PCS-300-1B(For more details, refer to manufactur-er’s data sheet)Water Flow Switch Potter PS-100(For more details, refer to manufactur-er’s data sheet)Standby Pressure Pump Albany CEP93Available with 50 Hz and 60 Hz motor (For more details, refer to manufactur-er’s data sheet)SYSTEM DISCHARGE CONNECTIONOPTIONALSYSTEM CONTROLPANELPUMP MOTOR CONTROLLERWATER SUPPLY CONNECTIONAIR TANK LOCATIONAIRCOMPRESSOR LOCATIONAIR TANK AND AIR COMPRESSOR NOT INCLUDED IN ALL MODELSVALVE CABINET (DOOR NOT SHOWN)PUMP AND TRIM WITH PRESSURE RELIEF VALVESAUTOMATIC SYSTEM CONTROL VALVE MOTOR SYSTEM (MANUAL)SHUT -OFF CONTROL VALVE FIGURE 1AQUAMIST MIST CONTROL CENTER PUMP SKID UNITTYPICAL CONFIGURATION ASSEMBLYTFP2270Page 3 of 8OptionalDeluge System ComponentsDeluge ValveTYCO DV-5(For more details, refer to TechnicalData Sheet TFP1305)Water Flow SwitchPotter PS10-2A(For more details, refer to manufactur-er’s data sheet.)Electric Actuation TrimTYCO DV-5(For more details, refer to TechnicalData Sheet TFP1320)OptionalPreaction System ComponentsDeluge ValveTYCO DV-5(For more details, refer to TechnicalData Sheet TFP1305.)Riser Check ValveTYCO CV-1FR(For more details, refer to TechnicalData Sheet TFP950)Single Interlock Preaction SystemTYCO DV-5(For more details, refer to TechnicalData Sheet TFP1420)Double Interlock Preaction SystemTYCO DV-5(For more details, refer to TechnicalData Sheet TFP1465)The MCC has been designed to readilyincorporate 1-1/2 through 3 inch (DN40through DN80) valve risers. The valveriser and all associated trim is locatedinside of the Red-E Cabinet.• For on-board valve and trim config-urations, which are typical for single zone systems, all components are provided pre-assembled, pre-plumbed, and pre-wired. In this case, the riser and Red-E Cabinet are mounted directly to the pump assembly.• For off-board valve and trim configurations, which are typical for multiple zones, or when it is desirable to install the fire protec-tion control valve and the pump in different locations, the pump unit with controller and associated devices is provided as a pre-assem-bled unit, and each fire protec-tion control valve, trim, and related devices will be provided in one or more stand-alone Red-E Cabinets. DesignConsiderationsThe system designer must considerand make preparations for use of theTYCO AQUAMIST Mist Control Center(MCC) Pump Skid Unit as follows (Ref.Figure 2 for Installation Dimensions):• adequate floor space for installationand maintenance of the unit• adequate clearance for opening ofpump controller, valve cabinet, andalarm panel doors• adequate clearance to maneuverthe MCC Pump Skid Unit throughhallways and doors as necessary toplace the system in its installationlocation.• minimum ambient temperature of40°F (4°C)• installation of a suitably sized watersupply to the water supply header• installation of system piping fromvalve cabinet outlet(s)• installation of system pipingbetween pump unit and valvecabinet(s), if necessary• installation of drains from main drainheader and drip funnel headers• installation of pump test header• power supply to pump controller• power supply to releasing panel• power supply to excess pressurepump (Wet Valve models only)• installation of detection systemcomponents (when required)• power supply to air compressor(Preaction models only)ModelCapacitygpm (lpm)SystemPressure psi(bar)Frequency(Hz)Pump ModelMotor Powerhp (kw)MCC-157 (216)250 (17,2)50160-332 HD25 (19)56 (212)250 (17,2)6080-440 HD20 (15)MCC-2110 (416)250 (17,2)50300-372 HD40 (30)106 (401)250 (17,2)60160-338 HD40 (30)MCC-3166 (628)250 (17,2)50300-368 HD60 (45)165 (624)250 (17,2)60330-388 HD50 (37)MCC-A57 (216)175 (12,1)50160-332 HD25 (19)56 (212)175 (12,1)6080-440 HD20 (15)MCC-B110 (416)175 (12,1)50300-372 HD40 (30)106 (401)175 (12,1)60160-338 HD40 (30)MCC-C166 (628)175 (12,1)50300-368 HD60 (45)165 (624)175 (12,1)60330-388 HD50 (37)FM ApprovedApplicationTFPPTechnical Data Sheet NumberHC-1TFP2230Data ProcessingEquipment Rooms/Halls TFP2233Machinery Spaces & CombustionTurbine Enclosures TFP2234Industrial Fryer Protection (IFP)TFP2240TABLE BGEAR PUMP AND ELECTRIC MOTOR DRIVERSELECTIONTABLE AAQUAMIST MIST CONTROL CENTER PUMP SKID UNITFM APPROVED APPLICATIONSTFP2270 Page 4 of 8TFP2270 Page 5 of 8InstallationThe TYCO AQUAMIST Mist Control Center (MCC) Pump Skid Unit must be installed in accordance with this section.Placing and PositioningThe MCC should be located with ade-quate space to ensure access to all ser-viceable components. Adequate floor space to facilitate opening of the pump controller, valve cabinet, and alarm panel doors should be maintained. The pump unit must be securely mounted or otherwise fastened on a smooth, level, hard surface capable of supporting the full weight of the unit in such a way that pump and motor shaft alignment will be maintained. The pump and motor must be mounted on a common grouted baseplate. The mounting foundation absorbs vibra-tions, strains, or shock, while provid-ing a permanent, rigid support for the pump skid.System Piping ConnectionPiping connections to the MCC must be made in accordance with NFPA 20 and NFPA 750, or other installation code acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction.The MCC requires four piping connec-tions: water supply; system connection; main drain; and funnel drain(s).The inlet piping should be equal to, or one size larger than, the pump inlet port connection. The pump should not be operated under static lift conditions without consulting the pump manu-facturer. Do not install 45-degree or 90-degree fittings at the pump suction port. When possible, provide at least 20 pipe diameters of straight pipe at the suction port.A pump inlet strainer, as required by NFPA 20, must be equipped with a removable and cleanable suction strainer, and installed at least 10 pipe diameters from the pump suction inlet. (For strainer mesh size selection, refer to specific data sheets of pumps listed in Table A for manufacturer’s recom-mendations.) The net open area of the strainer must be at least 4 times the area of the suction piping.The suction strainer should be locatedin the horizontal position with the clean-out plug toward the floor. The strainermay, however, be oriented in the ver-tical position provided that the clean-out plug is facing toward the floor. Thepump should not be operated withoutthe strainer in place as foreign mate-rial may be large enough to damage thepump. To avoid pump cavitation, theNet Positive Suction Head (NPSH) sup-plied should exceed the pump manu-facturer’s required NPSH plus 5 feet ofliquid. (Refer to Technical Data Sheetsof pumps listed in Table B.)Downstream (on the system side) ofthe AQUAMIST MCC Pump Skid Unit,a filter or strainer is required at thesupply side of each nozzle and at thepoint of transition to corrosion resis-tant pipe per NFPA 750. Strainers areordered separately from the AQUA-MIST MCC Pump Skid Unit. For selec-tion and ordering of inlet and dischargestrainers tested and approved for usewith the AQUAMIST MCC Pump SkidUnit, refer to the Ordering Proceduresection and Table D.A supervised shutoff valve (notincluded) should be between the watersource and the pump inlet to facilitateservicing of the pump unit.Electrical RequirementsThe standard MCC is delivered pre-configured for 460 volt, 60 Hz 3 phasepower. Other voltages and frequenciesare available as special order items.Electrical power supplies should be inaccordance with National Electric Code(NFPA 70), NFPA 20, and/or equivalentlocal electrical codes.Power supply conductors must besized according to the National Elec-tric Code (NFPA 70), or equivalent localelectrical code, on a continuous dutybasis. The incoming conductors shouldhave a 140°F (60°C) or 167°F (75°C)current rating of not less than 125%of the motor full load current carryingcapacity.Conduit entrance can be made onlythrough the bottom gland plate of thecontroller. Use appropriate waterproofconduit hubs to keep water out of thecontroller.The pump unit can be special orderedwith a wide range of electrical config-urations, including alternate voltagesand frequencies. For additional details,please contact the Technical Servicesdepartment.For additional installation instructions,please see the installation, operation,and maintenance manual, AQUAMISTMist Co ntro l Center (MCC) PumpSkid Unit Installer’s Manual, (Do cMCCAU001), provided with the AQUA-MIST MCC Pump Skid Unit. In addi-tion to the preceding requirements, itprovides information for the followinginstallation steps:• placing and positioning of the MCCunit• connecting the system piping• connecting the electrical circuits• programming the control panel• setting the automatic control valve• setting the pump supply pressure• testing and commissioning thesystemCare andMaintenanceThe TYCO AQUAMIST Mist ControlCenter (MCC) Pump Skid Unit must bemaintained and serviced in accordancewith this section.Before closing a fire protection systemmain control valve for maintenancework on the fire protection system thatit controls, permission to shut downthe affected fire protection systemsmust first be obtained from the properauthorities and all personnel who maybe affected by this decision must benotified.Inspection, testing, and maintenancemust be performed in accordancewith the requirements of NFPA 25 andany impairment must be immediatelycorrected.The owner is responsible for theinspection, testing, and maintenance oftheir fire protection system and devicesin compliance with this document, aswell as with the applicable standards ofany authorities having jurisdiction. Theriser components enclosed within theMCC, however, must be maintained inaccordance with their applicable tech-nical data sheets referenced in theSystem Components section. Contactthe installing contractor or productmanufacturer with any questions.TFP2270Page 6 of 8TFP2270Page 7 of 8GLOBAL HEADQUARTERS | 1400 Pennbrook Parkway, Lansdale, PA 19446 | Telephone +1-215-362-0700TFP2270Page 8 of 8Copyright © 2016 Tyco Fire Products, LP. All rights reserved.Limited WarrantyFor warranty terms and conditions, visit .Ordering ProcedureContact your local distributor for avail-ability. When placing an order, indicate the full product name and part number (P/N).AQUAMISTMist Control Center (MCC) Pump Skid UnitSpecify: AQUAMIST Mist Control Center (MCC) Pump Skid Unit, P/N (specify from Table C)Note: All do uble-interlo ck preactio n actuatio n co nfiguratio ns are no t FM Approved configurations.Inlet and Discharge StrainerSpecify: Strainer, P/N (specify from Table D)Backup Power0No Transfer Switch 1With Transfer SwitchValve & Trim Location 1On-board 2Off-boardElectrical Freq.Voltage 150380250415360208460230560460660575Release Panel 0No Panel 1PFC-4410 RCActuation 1Deluge Electric 2Wet Pipe3Double Interlock Electric-Electric Preaction*4Single Interlock Preaction5Double Interlock Preaction Pneumatic-Electric*Model1MCC-12MCC-23MCC-3A MCC-A B MCC-B CMCC-CModelSize Inches (mm)Connection Material TYCO P/N Watts Mueller 781-SS 0.75 (19)Flange 316SS 3/4" 781-SS Watts Mueller 781-SS 2 (51)Flange 316SS 2" 781-SS Watts Mueller 781-SS2.5 (64)Flange 316SS 2-1/2" 781-SS SSI-250Y1 1 (25)NPT Bronze 0100-250Y1TB-A2SSI-250Y1 1.25 (32)NPT Bronze 0125-250Y1TB-A2SSI-250Y1 1.5 (38)NPT Bronze 0150-250Y1TB-A2SSI-250Y1 2 (51)NPT Bronze 0200-250Y1TB-A2SSI-250Y1 2.5 (64)NPT Bronze 0250-250Y1TB-A2SSI-250Y13 (76)NPTBronze0300-250Y1TB-A2P/N MCC-XXXXXX* Non-FM Approved ConfigurationTABLE CAQUAMIST MIST CONTROL CENTER (MCC) PUMP SKID UNITPART NUMBER SELECTIONTABLE DINLET AND DISCHARGE STRAINERPART NUMBER SELECTION。

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Automatic door and its control system introductionAuthor：GeneF.FranklinUnit: Princeton University755 College Road East,Princeton, NJ 08540Product of human civilization, automatic doors have been dozens of years of development, so far, through the application of PLC control system and other technology products, already have and its control technology, formed the large scale automatic door of the family. And according to different requirements, formulated a series of standards. People's Republic of China in the 2005-12-01 standard of China automatic door number, standard content mainly include: rules for building the classification of the various kinds of automatic door, specifications, codes, materials, requirements, test methods, inspection rules and signs, packaging, transport and storage. This standard applies to push-pull automatic door automatic doors (arc), fold the flat open automatic doors, automatic doors, revolving doors. You may refer to other automatic door. Have special requirements of automatic doors, still should see its related standards.Door and human civilization is a twin, it is accompanied by the development of human civilization and chatter. For thousands of years, the door has been as the patron saint of the human society activities, intruder in the room, and as a channel of human social activities, carrying the door and civilization, pursuing people to yearn for the glory of the other shore.Human desire is endless to civilization. From ancient Egypt to Roman to today's modern society, can see the door move.Past, passive isolation barrier function of the door is, and the channel role is to ensure that only traffic.Today in the 21st century, the door even more highlighted safety concept, emphasizes the effectiveness: effectively prevent, passage, evacuation, and also highlights the concept of architectural art, door and building and the surrounding environment coordination, the harmonious whole.Door advanced forms of automatic door originated in Europe and the United States, in August 1802, the German standard company successfully designed and developed the world's first sensing automatic doors, door large-scale specialized production began in the 150 years ago, in the process of constant development and perfection, emerged a large number of scale of professional manufacturers. Rapid development to today, has formed a complete kinds, function perfect, workmanship fineautomatic door of the family.China as early as more than a decade ago began torefer to the automatic doors, and apply it in the hotel, airport, shopping centers, Banks, office buildings and other large and medium-sized public places, for these buildings added bright beautiful, chic, colorful.Automatic door according to the different use function and can be divided into automatic sliding door, automatic door, automatic revolving door, automatic arc door, automatic folding door, etc., including flat door with fewer occasions, revolving door due to the expensive and very big, only commonly used in high-grade hotels, in need automatic sliding door is most widely used, people generally say automatic door, automatic induction door is sliding door.Automatic sliding door is the most common form of automatic door machine add radar on both inner side and outside of the door, automatic door when the man came near, the radar by emitting microwave induction to man's existence, open the door to the controller a signal, the controller through the drive to open the door. When the man by the door, and then closed the door.Another form of infrared sensor, mainly through the infrared to feel the temperature changes within the specified range, when people walk into, microwave induction the emission signal control changes in the door.Microwave sensors and infrared sensors difference is mainly: microwave sensor, also known as microwave radar, reaction to the movement of the object, and reaction speed, suitable for walking speed normal personnel through the place, its characteristic is that once the door near the staff don't want to go out and motionless, radar will no longer response, automatic door will be closed, likely clamping phenomenon. Infrared sensors, exist in response to the object, regardless of whether or not mobile staff, as long as in sensor scanning range, it will respond. Reaction speed is slower than the microwave sensor of infrared sensors.According to different requirements of some, some manufacturers in the production of automatic doors can increase some personal function, facilitate the management and maintenance. Such as fuzhou blue electronic co., LTD., automatic door, it has the following characteristics: 1, automatic door sensors react to the movement of objects in microwave, sensitivity is adjustable, stable performance! 2, automatic encryption gather multi-function remote control into an organic whole, the induction door for encryption, can avoid the project appears on the welsh, bad debts, etc. Phenomenon, thus effectively protect the interests of dealers, at the same time, can realize the remote control to open the door, always open, lock, unlock; Has connected to the card reader, fingerprint, home button, peripheral devices, such as electric lock functions. 3, safety light can effectively overcome the blind area ofinductive probe sensor is less than, so that the induction door safer. 4, self-help bank card slot machine overall design, ABS electroplating shell durable and convenient to install, can match any bank ATM card, no card capacity limits, imported alloy head, super wear-resistant high sensitivity, high (400) or low resistance (300) Oe file can be used; Is suitable for the self-service bank. Microwave module 5, automatic door, kicking medallion, ID card password, remote transceiver module, electric car alarm, telescopic doors, electronic display screen, motorcycle alarm.PLC (Programmable Controller, hereinafter referred to as PLC). PLC is in the order of the traditional controller is introduced on the basis of microelectronics technology, computer technology, automatic control technology and communication technology to form a new generation of industrial control device, the purpose is to replace relay, execute the sequence control function such as logic, timing, counting, establish flexible SPC system. Programmable controller has the strong ability, high reliability, flexible configuration, simple programming, etc, is a major means of contemporary industrial production automation and automation control equipment. Due to the advantages of PLC in automatic control, thus is widely quoted in the automatic door system.Due to the PLC in the development, therefore, for the exact definition is more difficult. American electrical manufacturers association (NEMA) after four years of research work, in 1980, officially named Programmable Controller PC (Programmable Controller), but a Personal Computer PC (Personal Computer) in order to distinguish, often referred to as PLC Programmable Controller, and makes a definition for PLC, Programmable Controller is a kind of with instruction memory and digital or analog input/output interface, with an operation is given priority to, can finish the logic, sequence, timing, counting and arithmetic, and other functions, is used to control the machine or the production process automation control device.In 1985 a second draft, and in 1987 the third draft of PLC in the following definition: "a PLC is a digital operation of the electronic system, designed for industrial environment application and design. It USES a program memory, used in its internal storage implementation logic operation, sequence operation, timing, counting and arithmetic operation instruction, and can through digital or analog input and output, control various types of machinery or production process. Programmable controller and related peripheral equipment, should be in accordance with the easily and industrial control system as a whole, easy to expand its function design principles."Above shows that the definition of PLC is a kind of can be directly applied to the industrial environment of the digital electronic devices, is based on microprocessor, combined with computer technology, automatic control technology and communication technology, in process control and the user's "natural language" programming of a simple, convenient operation, high reliability of a new generation of general industrial control device.2.The main functions of the PLC(1) the switch control logic and orderThis is the most widely PLC application, the basic situation. Its main function is to complete switch logic and sequential logic control, and thus can realize various control requirements.(2) the simulation control (A/D and D/A control)Many continuous variation in the process of industrial production, the need to control the physical quantities, such as temperature, pressure, flow, level, etc., these all belong to analog. Longer than in the past, the PLC logic control, analog control mainly by instrument or distributed control system, PLC products possess much now dealing with this kind of analog functions, and programming and easy to use.(3) the timing/counting controlPLC has a strong timing and counting functions, it can provide users with dozens or even hundreds of timers and counters. For the timer, timer interval can be set by the user; To counter, if need to count of high frequency signal, can choose high speed counter.(4) the stepper controlPLC provides users with a certain number of shift register, use shift register can easily finish stepping control function.(5) motion controlIn the mechanical processing industry, programmable controller and the computer numerical control (CNC) integrated together, to complete machine tool motion control.(6) data processingMost PLC has a different degree of the data processing ability, it not only can perform arithmetic operations, data transmission, but also for data comparison, dataconversion, data shows the print operation, also can undertake some PLC floating point arithmetic, and functional operation.(7) communication networkPLC has the function of communication network, it makes PLC and between PLC and upper computer, PLC and other intelligence to exchange information between devices, form a unified whole, realize the centralized control.PLC can so rapid development, in addition to the objective demand of the industrial automation, has many unique advantages. It well solved in the field of industrial control widely concern about the reliable, safe, flexible, convenient, economic and other issues. Its main features are as follows:(1) high reliabilityReliability refers to the average trouble-free working time programmable controller. Due to the programmable controller has adopted a series of hardware and software anti-interference measures, strong anti-interference ability, MTBF reaching tens of thousands of hours, can be directly applied to industrial production field have a strong interference. Programmable controller is the masses of users recognized to be one of the most reliable industrial control equipment.(2) control function is strongA small programmable controller with hundreds of thousands of programming elements available for users to use, can achieve very complicated control function. Compared with the same function of relay system, it has the very high cost performance. Programmable controller can be through the communication network, realizes the decentralized control and centralized management.(3) the user easy to useProgrammable controller products have been standardization, seriation, modularization, equipped with a wide range of various hardware devices for user selection, users can conveniently flexible system configuration, system composed of different functions, different scale. Programmable controller would be very convenient for the installation of wiring, strong load capacity, can direct drive general solenoid valve and ac contactor. The hardware configuration is determined, you can change the user program, convenient to quickly adapt to changes in process conditions.(4) programming convenient, simpleLadder diagram is a programmable controller is the most used programming language, the symbol, expression way and the relay circuit principle diagram is similar. Ladder diagram language, image, intuitive, simple, easy to learn, familiar with the relay circuit diagram of the electrical technician just spend a few days time can be familiar with ladder diagram language, and used to prepare the user program.(5) the design, installation, commissioning period is shortProgrammable control for software function replaced the relay control system of a large number of intermediate relays, time relays, counters, etc., make the control cabinet design, installation, wiring greatly reduce the workload, shorten the construction period. Programmable controller of the user program can be simulated in the laboratory debugging, simulation debug again after good will in the production site for installation and wiring of PLC control system, at the scene of problems found in the tracking process by modifying the program can solve, greatly shorten the design cycle and was put into operation.(6) easy to realize mechanical and electrical integrationProgrammable controller is small in size, light weight, low power consumption, vibration resistant, moisture proof and heat resistant capability is strong, making them easy to install inside the machine equipment, produce mechanical and electrical integration products. Now with PLC as the controller of CNC equipment and device has become a typical robot.。