【精准解析】河北省邯郸市磁县第二中学2019-2020学年高一下学期期中考试化学试卷

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河北省邯郸市磁县第二中学2019-2020学年高一下学期期中考试英语试卷含答案

英语试卷(总分:120分)一、阅读理解（本大题共10小题，共20分）ARobbie looks out of the window．It's still snowing heavily and there is ice on the window．It is another day．Robbie is told to do the cleaning．And he does it．The family are getting home．So after he turns the heat on，he begins to cook supper for the family．All of the housework is easy for Robbie，but a hard one for its master，Helen．Robbie really saves the family a lot of work．Mr．Green is a fourth grade robot teacher．He never forgets details and he makes no mistakes．He even knows each child's pets and hobbies．He has his lessons in an orderly way，and he never feels tired．The children like Mr．Green very much．They feel happy and relaxed in his class．When they make a mistake，they don't feel upset．They have a lot of fun with a robot teacher．ASIMO is a clever robot created by the Honda Motor Company．He is about 120 centimeters tall and looks like a kid in a spacesuit．Tiny computers are used to control the things ASIMO can do．He can shake hands with people，give and receive objects．He can walk and run forward or backward on two legs．Besides，he can also talk and understand many voice commands．When something is in his way，he can change directions．Robots are smart because they have computer brains．Some of them have explored other planets．These machines also do many jobs in factories and other places．For example，robots are used to make cars．People also use robots to do dangerous work such as exploring volcanoes （火山）or the ocean floor．Robots are also used to give directions in shopping centers and amusement parks．Scientists keep finding more ways for robots to help us．1.What's Robbie？______A. A cook．B. A teacher．C. A cleaner．D. A robot．2.The underlined words "does it" mean ______ in the passage．A. "looks out of the window"B. "does the cleaning"C. "turns the heat on"D. "cooks for the family"3.Which of the following is most likely to happen next？______A. Robots will take over the world．B. Robots will get tired of doing so much．C. Many more uses will be found for robots．D. Scientists are used to give directions in amusement parks．BOct 15th was International White Cane Safety Day．You may have never heard of it，but it was a day to remember for Peng Baier，17，of Nanjing Foreign Language School．After school that day，he visited his local Disabled Persons Federation （残疾人联合会）．He wanted to know about the sales and feedback （反馈）of his newly published book，How to Help a Disabled Person．Since he lives with his disabled grandparents，he understands that life can be hard for this group ofpeople．Peng decided to write the book because he wanted to create a better life for disabled people in China．"Crossing the street is a big problem for them，" Peng said．"Speeding cars，people walking in a hurry，bikes on the sidewalk for the blind-accidents can happen everywhere．That's why we hardly ever see disabled people on the street，even though there are millions of disabled people in China．" Peng's book with pictures is easy to understand．It is a guide to the right and wrong ways to treat disabled people．The left-hand pages show the reader the right way；the right-hand pages point out mistakes that are commonly made．The teenager had 2，000 copies of his book printed．With the help of the Disabled Persons，Federation，he gave them to the disabled community．"The book is bilingual，so foreigners can also use it，" said Peng．Peng put great effort into the book．For example，he interviewed many disabled people to get firsthand materials．He also studied textbooks from different schools for the disabled．Peng finally completed his handbook，but he still had the problem of getting it printed．How does a high school student raise money needed for that？With a smile，Peng said how he went about it．"I visited three local companies，dressed up in a suit and tie．I was lucky．The companies were warm-hearted and willing to give me a hand．"4.Why is Peng able to understand the hard life of the disabled people？______A. He was born disabled．B. He has a disabled friend．C. He lives with his disabled grandparents．D. He once read a book about the disabled．5.Which of the following is NOT mentioned about Peng，effort for the book？______A. Raising the money needed．B. Giving away his pocket money．C. Interviewing many disabled people．D. Studying textbooks for the disabled．6.What words can best describe Peng？______A. Devoted and honest．B. Brave and confident．C. Kind and helpful．D. Friendly and lovely．CIt turns out that happy cows produce better milk．The finding is not new．The California Milk Advisory Board has been saying it for years．But now a team of researchers is helping farmers have happier herds．The researchers are visiting milk farms and showing farmers how to make their cows live better．Their advice and information is available around the world on their website．One important area for discussion is how to prevent leg pain，a condition also called lameness．Lameness impacts everything a cow gets to do in her day．It impacts the way she rests，the way she milks，the way she eats，her ability to reproduce and finally her ability to stay on the farm．A bed of sand can provide a good place for cows to lie down during the day．The deep，soft bedding of sand creates an environment where cows can rest half the day，and that is extremely important to cows．The researchers advise farmers to provide bigger stalls，the areas where cows are kept in a barn Theyalso say farmers should use more fans to keep the animals cool，and feed all their cows at the same time．And researchers say it is a good idea to keep cows with their usual group of friends when it comes time for them to give birth．This helps lessen the stress for the cows．Mitch Breunig owns the Mystic Valley Dairy in the U．S．state of Wisconsin．He says he used the advice to improve the conditions for his 400 cows．Since he made the changes，Breunig says the dairy's production has increased．His cows have gone from producing 49 liters His cows have of milk a day to almost 57 liters．Also，his cows have fewer injuries and live about a year longer than before．That is good for the animals-and for people，too．7.Why are the researchers visiting milk farms？______A. To improve their cows' living conditions．B. To gather information from cow farmers．C. To create new cow farms for better milk．D. To help cow farmers prevent a cow disease．8.What is Paragraph 3 mainly about？______A. The harm of leg pain and how to solve it．B. How to make a bed of sand for cows．C. The proper atmosphere cows need．D. What cows need most in their life．9.What should farmers do when cows give birth？______A. Feed them at the same time．B. Leave them near their friends．C. Provide bigger room for them，D. Use more fans to keep them cool．10.Which of the following can be the best title for the text？______A. Advice on How to Keep Cows More Comfortable．B. Cow Farmers Welcome Researchers to Their Farms．C. Ways to Make Cows Produce More Milk than Usual．D. Better Conditions Make for Happier Cows and Farmers．二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10分）The Ways of Getting Happiness Spend more time in your values．Living your values is one of the simplest ways to a more happiness to every day．(11) ，the best way to make the most of it is to connect your work to your values．When you spend more time in your values，you enjoy the journey more．(12) ．One of the best things you can do is find simple ways to gradually improve your overall happiness level．One of the worst things you can do is compare your happiness level to others，or beat yourself up for not being a shiny，happy person．Drive from happiness．Decide to drive from happiness．Happiness is a decision．This is where you have to look inside，and answer the tough questions．What do you like to do？What makes you happy？It‘s very easy to keep doing the things that we think others expect from us，or want for us．(13) ．Don't fall for the "If-Then" trap．Don't fall for the "if-then" or when-then traps．I'll be happy if I getthat job；(14) ，I'll be happy；I'll be happy if I get that relationship；etc．It's easy to put your happiness "out there" instead of "right here．Point your camera on purpose．Point your camera at the things that you want more of．(15) ．You can point your camera at more pain，ormorepleasure．That sapowerful choice．It's easy to test．Simply start pointing your camera at better scenes each day，and watch what unfolds in yourself，and the world around you．A．If it doesn't happenB．If I get that houseC．You get what you focus onD．Set your own happiness levelE．If you spend a lotof time at workF．Don't get mad bythe traffic，and leave earlierG．Instead，look inside and find the things that really do make you happy三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共40分）Five years ago，I took a sightseeing trip to Washington DC．I saw many (16) nationtreasures，and I also saw many poor (17)like beggars and homeless folks．Standing outsidethe museum，I heard a(18)behind me，"Can you help me？"When I (19)around，I saw an elderly blind woman with her hands extended （伸着）．I (20)into my pocket，took out the (21)and placed them in her hand without even looking (22)her．I hated being troubled bya beggar when I was(23)seeing people and things around．But to my (24)，the blindwoman smiled and said，"I don't need your money．I just need your (25) to find the post office．I soon realized I had(26)another person for what I thought she had to be．This experience made me feel bad about myself．(27)，in my own life，I have also (28)many acts of prejudice （偏见）．When I worked as a busboy at the age of 17，I heard a father tell his son that he would(29)like me if he didn't work harder．I should have(30)the treatment and known what it is like．But now living a good life as a network engineer，it's too easy to forget my(31)，to forget who I am and where I have been，and to ignore (32)I want to go．The blind woman cured me ofmy(33)．She made me realize that I should always stay humble （谦卑的）and keep my eyes and heart(34)By the way，I helped that lady to get to the post office．I(35) hope to thank herfor the priceless lesson she gave me．16. A. wonderful B. official C. colorful D. popular17. A. workers B. audience C. people D. students18. A. cry B. voice C. shout D. noise19. A. ran B. walked C. looked D. turned20.A. reached B. felt C. checked D. stepped21. A. papers B. pictures C. coins D. cards22. A. for B. at C. after D. through23. A. imagining B. finishing C. practicing D. enjoying24. A. surprise B. pleasure C. interest D. sorrow25. A. hand B. idea C. help D. suggestion26. A. trusted B. judged C. forgot D. met27. A. In short B. In brief C. In order D. In fact28. A. experienced B. watched C. found D. accepted29. A. give in B. fall down C. end up D. pass away30. A. kept B. remembered C. received D. refused31. A. pain B. joy C. future D. past32. A. where B. why C. when D. how33. A. foolishness B. kindness C. blindness D. illness34.A. calm B. open C. warm D. shut35. A. equally B. gradually C. frequently D. sincerely四、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共50分）36. 假定你是李华，请给你的外教Mr． Smith写一封电子邮件，谈一谈自己的困惑，并希望得到他的帮助．内容包括：(1)没有特长，相貌平平，感到困惑；(2) 没有朋友，很少被人关注，经常有种被遗忘的感觉；(3) 渴望友谊，询问如何交到朋友．注意：(1) 词数80左右（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）；(2) 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．Dear Smith，I have been puzzled recently．﹉﹉﹉﹉﹉﹉﹉Yours，Li Hua37. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事．Twenty years ago，I drove a taxi for a living．One night I went to pick up a passenger at 2：30 a．m．When I arrived to collect her，I found the building was dark except for a single light in a ground floor window．I walked to the door and knocked，"Just a minute，" answered a weak，elderly voice．After a long time，the door opened．A small woman in her eighties stood before me．By her side was a small suitcase．I took the suitcase to the car，and then returned to help the woman．She took my arm and we walked slowly towards the car．She kept thanking me for my kindness．"It's nothing，" I told her．"I just try to treat my passengers the way I would want my mother treated．""Oh，you're such a good man．" She said．When we got into the taxi，she gave me an address，and then asked，"Could you drive through downtown？""It's not the shortest way，" I answered quickly．"Oh，I'm in no hurry，" she said．"I'm on my way to a hospice （临终医院）．I don't have any family left．The doctor says I don't have very long．"I quietly reached over and shut off the meter （计价器）．For the next two hours，we drovethrough the city．She showed me the building where she had once worked，the neighborhood where she had lived，and the furniture shop that had once been a ballroom where she had gone dancing as a girl．Sometimes she'd ask me to slow down in front of a particular building and would sit staring into the darkness，saying nothing．At dawn，she suddenly said，"I'm tired．Let's go now．" We drove in silence to the address she had given．"How much do I owe you？" she asked．"Nothing．" I said．"You have to make a living，" she answered．"Oh，there are other passengers，" I answered．She said thanks to me，but she looked so sad．注意：(1) 所续写的短文词数应为150左右；(2) 应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；(3) 续写部分分为二段，每段的开头语已经为你写好；(4) 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语．Para 1：Almost without thinking， I bent and gave her a hug．Para 2：I was on my way to visit her．英语试卷答案和解析一.阅读理解【答案】【解析】1．D．细节题．根据文章第一段，All of the housework is easy for Robbie，but a hard one for its master，Helen．所有的家务活对罗比来说都很容易，但对它的主人海伦来说却很难．以及Mr．Green is a fourth grade robot teacher．格林先生是一位第四年级的机器人老师．且格林先生又是Robbie的主人，由此推测，Robbie是一个机器人．结合选项，故选D．2．B．词义猜测题．根据文章第一段内容，Robbie is told to do the cleaning．And he does it．有人叫罗比去打扫，他就去打扫．由此可知，划线单词意为："打扫卫生"，结合选项，故选B．3．C．推理题．根据文章最后一段内容，Scientists keep finding more ways for robots to help us．科学家们一直在寻找更多的机器人帮助我们的方法．结合选项，故选C．文章主要向读者介绍了未来机器人的情况，它们能为人类所做的一些工作等．阅读理解考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．阅读 B【答案】【解析】CBC1．C．细节理解题．根据文章第二段Since he lives with his disabled grandparents，he understands that life can be hard for this group of people．可知，由于他和残疾的祖父母生活在一起，他明白这群人的生活的困难．故选C．2．B．细节理解题．根据文章最后一段I visited three local companies，dressed up in a suit and tie．I was lucky．The companies were warm-hearted and willing to give me a hand．可知，彭拜尔是通过当地三家公司来获得资金的，故A正确；文章倒数第三段For example，he interviewed many disabled people to get first hand materials．可知，他采访了许多残疾人以获得第一手资料，故C 正确；He also studied textbooks from different schools for the disabled．可知，他还研究了来自不同学校的残疾人教材，故D正确．B选择项文章没有提及，所以是错误的．故选B．3．C．推理判断题．根据文章第二段Peng decided to write the book because he wanted to create a better life for disabled people in China．和文章第五段With the help of the Disabled Persons' Federation，he gave them to the disabled community．可知，彭写这本书是因为他想为中国的残疾人创造更好的生活，并且将书捐献给残疾人，从而可以推断出彭拜尔友善并乐于助人．故选C．本文是一篇社会类短文阅读．文章主要讲述南京外国语学校17岁的彭拜尔编写的口袋书《视障人士出行帮扶手册》印制完成，2000本书籍在残疾人联合会的帮助下捐给了残疾人社区．做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．阅读C【答案】【解析】AABD1．A细节理解题．根据第二段的第一句The researchers are visiting milk farms and showing farmers how tomake their cows liveb etter可知，研究者去奶牛场是为了改善奶牛的饲养环境．故答案为A．2．A．推理判断题．根据本段内容的可知，本段谈论了奶牛腿疼带来的危害和如何解决这个问题．故答案为A．3．B．细节理解题．根据第五段的第- -句it is a good idea to keep cows with their usual group of friends when it comes time for them to give birth可知，奶牛分娩时，让其跟朋友待在一起，会减少压力．故答案为B．4．D．主旨大意题．根据最后一段的That is good for the animals，and for people，too可知，更好的环境，使得奶牛和主人都高兴．故答案为D．文章介绍了美国研究人员通过大量的实验，最终发现好心情的奶牛能产出质量更高的牛奶．研究人员给农场主们提出了大量的意见，以改善奶牛的生活水准和幸福指数．做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．二. 七选五【答案】【解析】EDGBC1．E．联系下文题．根据后文When you spend more time in your values，you enjoy the journey more．可知当你花更多的时间在你的价值观上时，你会更加享受这段旅程．E项：If you spend a lotof time at work，（the best way to make the most of it is to connect your work to your values）如果你花很多时间在工作上，（充分利用它的最好方法就是将你的工作与你的价值观联系起来．）故选E．2．D．段落理解题．根据后文One of the best things you can do is find simple ways to gradually improve your overall happiness level．可知你能做的最好的事情之一就是找到简单的方法逐步提高你的整体幸福感．D项：Set your own happiness level．设定你自己的幸福水平．符合文意，故选D．3．G．理解判断题．根据前文What do you like to do？What makes you happy？It‘s very easy to keep doing the things that we think others expect from us，or want for us．可知你喜欢做什么？什么让你快乐？继续做我们认为别人期望我们做的事，或者想为我们做的事是很容易的．G项：Instead，look inside and find the things that really do make you happy．相反，从内心寻找并找到真正让你快乐的事情．符合文意，故选G．4．B．文章衔接题．根据后文I'll be happy if I get that relationship；etc．可知如果我得到那份关系，我会很高兴的；等等．B项：If I get that house，I'll be happy；如果我得到那所房子，我会很高兴的；符合文意，故选B．5．C．理解判断题．根据前文Point your camera on purpose．Point your camera at the things that you want more of．可知把你的相机对准你想要的东西．C项：You get what you focus on．你得到你所关注的东西．符合文意，故选C．本文是一篇选句填空，文章主要介绍了获得幸福的方法：1、花更多的时间在你的价值观上；2、设定你自己的幸福水平；3、从内心寻找并找到真正让你快乐的事情；等等．答题前一定要略读全文，把握文章要表达的主题，注意前后句与句，段落与段落之间的关系．答题中，一定要认真分析，注意选项与上下文的关系，与前后单词的关系．对于一时没有太大的把握的题可以放到最后再来完成，因为有时答案可以从下文内容体现出来．答完后再通读一遍文章，看看所选选项能不能是语句通顺，语意连贯．三. 完形填空【答案】【解析】1-5 ACBD A 6-10 CBDAC 11-15 BDAC B 16-20 DACBD1．A．考查形容词及语境理解．A．wonderful精彩的；B．official正式的；C．colorful多彩多样的；D．popular受欢迎的．我看到了许多美妙的国家珍宝．故选A．2．C．考查名词及语境理解．A．workers工人；B．audience听众；C．people人们；D．students 学生．我也看到很多穷人，像乞丐和无家可归的人．故选C．3．B．考查名词及语境理解析．A．cry哭喊；B．voice声音；C．shout大喊；D．noise 噪音．根据动词heard可知，听到的是声音．站在博物馆外面，我听到身后有一个声音："你能帮我吗？"故选B．4．D．考查动词及语境理解．A．ran跑；B．walked行走；C．looked看；D．turned转身．turned around转身．当我转过身来的时候，我看到一位年老的盲人妇女伸出她的手．故选D．5．A．考查动词及语境理解．A．reached到达；B．felt感到；C．checked检查；D．stepped 踏．我把手伸进口袋．故选A．6．C．考查名词及语境理解．A．papers文件；B．pictures图片；C．coins硬币；D．cards 卡片．掏出硬币．故选C．7．B．考查介词及语境理解．A．for为了；B．at在；C．after之后；D．through通过．look at看．甚至连看都不看她一眼．故选B．8．D．考查动词及语境理解．A．imagining想象；B．finishing完成；C．practicing练习；D．enjoying享受．enjoy doing乐于做……．当我喜欢看到周围的人和事物的时候．故选D．9．A．考查名词及语境理解．A．surprise惊讶；B．pleasure愉快；C．interest兴趣；D．sorrow 悲伤．to one's surprise令某人惊讶的是．令我惊讶是，盲女微笑着说："我不需要你的钱．"故选A．10．C．考查名词及语境理解．A．hand手；B．idea想法；C．help帮助；D．suggestion 建议．我只是想让你帮助我找到邮局．故选C．11．B．考查动词及语境理解．A．trusted相信；B．judged判断；C．forgo忘记；D．met 遇到．我很快意识到，我只是判断一个人我认为她一定是这样的．故选B．12．D．考查短语及语境理解．A．In short总而言之；B．In brief简而言之；C．In order 按顺序；D．In fact事实上．事实上，在我自己的生活中，我也经历过许多偏见．故选D．13．A．考查动词及语境理解．A．experienced经历，体验；B．watched观看；C．found 发现；D．accepted接受．在我自己的生活中，我也经历过许多偏见．故选A．14．C．考查动词短语及语境理解．A．give in屈服；B．fall down跌倒；C．end up结束；D．pass away去世．我听到一个父亲告诉他的儿子，如果他不更努力，他会像我一样完蛋．故选C．15．B．考查动词及语境理解．A．kept保存；B．remembered记得；C．received收到；D．refused 拒绝．我应该记得那样的对待．故选B．16．D．考查名词及语境理解．A．pain疼痛；B．joy喜悦；C．future将来；D．past过去．但是现在作为一个网络工程师过着美好的生活，我太容易忘记自己的过去．故选D．17．A．考查代词及语境理解．A．where哪里；B．why为什么；C．when什么时候；D．how 怎么．忘记我是谁，我在哪里，忽略我想要去哪里．故选A．18．C．考查名词及语境理解．A．foolishness愚蠢；B．kindness善意；C．blindness失明；D．illness生病．失明的女人治好了我的愚昧．故选C．19．B．考查形容词及语境理解．A．calm镇静的；B．open开着的；C．warm温暖的；D．shut 关闭的．她让我意识到我应该始终保持谦卑，让我睁开眼睛，打开心扉．故选B．20．D．考查副词及语境理解．A．equally平等地；B．gradually逐渐地；C．frequently频繁地；D．sincerely真诚地．我衷心希望感谢她给我上的宝贵的一课．故选D．本文是一篇记叙文．文章讲述的是一个盲人给我上了生动的一课，让我认识到自己的问题所在，即不能公平地对待每一个人．近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高．做完型填空首先要通读全文，了解大意．一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容．千万不要看一句，做一句．其次要逐句分析，前后一致．选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等．答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确．四. 书面表达【答案】36. Dear Smith，Meeting many puzzles about interpersonal communication ，I am writing to ask for your help，hoping you can give me some suggestions．【高分句型一】（点明书信目的）I am an ordinary-looking student without any special skill or ability．Besides，at school，having few friends to communicate with，I feel my classmates are not concerned about me as if I were forgotten．【高分句型二】How terrible it is! In fact，longing for friendship，I am eager to change this situation．But I have no idea how to make friends with others．（描述自己的问题）Would you please give me some advice？I'm looking forward to your reply．（期盼回复）Best wishes．Yours，Li Hua【解析】高分句型1．Meeting many puzzles about interpersonal communication ，I am writing to ask for your help，hoping you can give me some suggestions．句子里，现在分词Meeting many puzzles about interpersonal communication做原因状语；现在分词hoping you can give me some suggestions做伴随状语．遇到很多关于人际沟通的困惑，我写信来寻求你的帮助，希望你能给我一些建议．2．Besides，at school，having few friends to communicate with，I feel my classmates are not concerned about me as if I were forgotten．句子里，现在分词having few friends to communicate with做原因状语；as if引导的状语从句I were forgotten用了虚拟．另外，在学校里，没有几个朋友可以交流，我觉得我的同学不关心我，好像我被遗忘了一样．写作时，考生要尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，尽可能的使用较复杂的句子结构，尽量使用高级词汇以便得到较高的分数．写作是一个厚积薄发的过程，是一项将积累释放于一时的过程．积累越深厚，释放就越精彩；积累越科学，释放就越有效．37. 【答案】Para 1：Almost without thinking，I bent and gave her a hug．She held onto me tightly．Our hug ended with her remark，"You gave an old woman a little moment of joy．" Then two nurses came and attended the woman to the h ospice．Hardly had the door of the hospice closed when I burst into tears．It is sad to witness the end of a person's life．【高分句型一】I left in silence．（作者看着老太太进入临终关怀医院）Para 2：I was on my way to visit her．When I arrived at the hospice，the nurse told me that the woman would die soon．I felt sad and went to the building where she stayed．【高分句型二】I told her that I would be her family to accompany her at the end of her life．She thanked for my kindness and said I could call her mother．Later，I often visited her in my taxi until she passed away．（作者将老太太当成家人）【解析】高分句型一：Hardly had the door of the hospice closed when I burst into tears．It is sad to witness the end of a person's life．译文：临终关怀院的门刚关上，我就哭了．目睹一个人生命的终结是可悲的．分析：使用hardly had sb done when…did…高分句型二：I felt sad and went to the building where she stayed．译文：我感到难过，就去了她住的那栋楼．分析：这句话使用where引导定语从句．这是一篇读写类作文，我们需要用正确的英语把给出的要点表达出来．动笔前，一定要认真分析要点，理解要点要表达的含义，不能遗漏要点，跑题偏题．本作文中给出的要点比较具体，故需要准确表达．写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次．特别注意在选择句式时要赋予变化．平时除了加强词汇积累，写作联系以外，还可以适当记忆一些类似的范文，这样在考试中可以起到事半功倍的效果．。

河北邯郸磁县第二中学2019-2020学年高一下学期线上教学检测物理试卷

物理试卷注意：本试卷包含Ⅰ、Ⅱ两卷。

第Ⅰ卷为选择题，所有答案必须用2B铅笔涂在答题卡中相应的位置。

第Ⅱ卷为非选择题，所有答案必须填在答题卷的相应位置。

答案写在试卷上均无效，不予记分。

一、单选题（本大题共17小题，共68.0分）1.关于平抛运动和圆周运动，下列说法正确的是A. 平抛运动是匀变速曲线运动B. 匀速圆周运动是速度不变的运动C. 圆周运动是匀变速曲线运动D. 做平抛运动的物体落地时的速度一定是竖直向下的【答案】A【解析】【分析】平抛运动的物体只受重力，而且与初速度不在同一直线上，是匀变速曲线运动，落地速度不可能竖直向下，匀速圆周运动速度的方向沿圆周的切线方向，时刻在变化，速度是变化的，加速度方向指向圆心，时刻在变化。

对于速度、加速度均是矢量，只要大小或方向之一改变，该矢量就改变。

【解答】A.平抛运动的物体只受重力，而且与初速度不在同一直线上，是匀变速曲线运动，故A正确；B.匀速圆周运动速度的方向沿圆周的切线方向，时刻在变化，速度是变化的，故B错误；C.圆周运动是加速度变化的运动，不是匀变速曲线运动，故C错误；D.平抛运动水平方向做匀速直线运动，速度不为零，落地时一定有水平速度，速度不可能竖直向下，故D错误。

故选A。

2.如图所示，从同一条竖直线上两个不同点分别向右平抛两个小球P和Q，初速度分别为、，结果它们同时落到水平面上的M点处不考虑空气阻力下列说法中正确的是A. 一定是P先抛出的，且B. 一定是P先抛出的，且C. 一定是Q先抛出的，且D. 一定是Q先抛出的，且【答案】B【解析】【分析】平抛运动的时间由高度决定，两球同时落到M处，根据高度比较出运动的时间，从而确定出谁先抛出，根据水平位移相等，结合水平方向上做匀速直线运动比较平抛运动的初速度大小。

解决本题的关键知道平抛运动在水平方向上做匀速直线运动，在竖直方向上做自由落体运动，平抛运动的时间由高度决定。

【解答】根据得：可知P的运动时间大于Q的运动时间，所以P先抛出，两者水平位移相等，P的运动时间长，则P的初速度小于Q的初速度，故ACD错误，B正确。

2019-2020学年河北省邯郸市磁县第二中学高一下学期期中考试地理试题

2019-2020学年河北省邯郸市磁县第二中学高一下学期期中考试地理试题★祝考试顺利★注意事项：1、答题前，请先将自己的姓名、准考证号用0.5毫米黑色签字笔填写在试题卷和答题卡上的相应位置，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。

用2B 铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A 后的方框涂黑。

2、选择题的作答：每个小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非选择题答题区域的答案一律无效。

3、主观题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。

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如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。

不按以上要求作答无效。

4、选考题的作答：先把所选题目的题号在答题卡上指定的位置用2B 铅笔涂黑。

答案用0.5毫米黑色签字笔写在答题卡上对应的答题区域内，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非选修题答题区域的答案一律无效。

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6、考试结束后，请将本试题卷、答题卡、草稿纸一并依序排列上交。

一、单项选择题（本题有45小题，每小题2分，共90分）下图为“人口增长模式图”。

读图回答1～2题。

1.下列关于人口增长模式图的说法，正确的是( )A ．a 、d 年份人口自然增长率相同，人口增加数量相等B ．b 年份人口总量将会达到最大值C ．Ⅰ阶段至Ⅱ阶段人口增长模式的转变主要是由人口死亡率的变化引起的D ．c 年份的人口自然增长率大约为0.2%2.我国在Ⅲ阶段最可能出现的现象是( )A ．家庭结构由多子女的大家庭转向少子女的小家庭B ．孩子们有多个亲兄弟姐妹的家庭越来越多C ．举办金婚庆祝活动的夫妇很多出生率死亡率D．一个母亲的第六个孩子死于伤寒3. 右图示中①③人口增长模式分别是（）A．“低—低—低”模式和原始人口增长模式B．原始人口模式和传统人口增长模式C．“高—低—高”模式和传统人口增长模式D．“高—低—高”模式和“低—低—低”模式读下图“台湾省人口金字塔图”，完成下题。

【语文】河北邯郸市磁县二中2019-2020学年高一下学期线上教学检测试题(解析版)

河北邯郸市磁县二中2019-2020学年高一下学期线上教学检测语文试题一、现代文阅读（23分）（一）论述类文本阅读（本题共3小题，9分）阅读下面的文字，完成1-3题。

最近一项调查显示，当代中国青少年最喜爱的20个动漫形象中，19个来自海外。

本土动漫形象只有一个“孙悟空”，受调查的青少年对“孟姜女”“田螺姑娘”等民间文学中的人物知之甚少。

这是民间文学在当代社会生活中地位失落的又一个缩影。

民间文学以口头讲述为媒介，近二三十年，书面阅读与数字化体验的迅速普及，湮没了民间文学口头讲述的生活现场。

同时，信息社会文学艺术的发展趋势是融合创新，受众的审美意识也变得新奇自由，可传统民间文学的审美表达，往往以传承性和群体性为主，其走向衰落似乎是一种必然。

中华上下五千年，每个时代的民间文学都既反映着历史环境，又彰显出时代背景，同时还承担着文化传承功能，是中华儿女文化认同的重要基础。

每一个从自己家乡成长起来的人，都深受家乡风俗影响，从方言和方言所承载的故事、歌谣和谚语中获得了生命之初的情感与意义。

所以说，民间文学的传承实现了民间社会对文化同源观念的认同，培育了中国人极其重要的乡土意识，而文化同源观念与乡土意识正是中国文化中家国情怀的逻辑前提。

从更大的层面讲，中国各民族各地区的民间文学，无不殊途同归地反映着民族友好、政治大同、社会和谐的中华文明主题。

从某种意义上讲，在千百年的历史演进中，分散在中华大地上的各族群众，正是通过民间文学的形式传承着中华民族共同的价值观。

而如今，中国民间文学中的人物形象、故事类型、叙事结构等，均被外来的新的文学系统挤压，尤其儿童成长初期所接受的童话教育几乎全是西方文本——白雪公主替代了田螺姑娘，奥特曼替代了葫芦娃，小红帽替代了阿凡提。

面对严峻的传承危机，我们认为亟须采取有效措施以增强民间文学的创新能力和传承能力，使其重新回归日常生活，有效融入当代社会。

首先要深度发掘中国民间文学的智慧资源，汲取中国民间文学宝库中的教育资源、伦理资源、政治资源和文化资源，理解中国民间文学关于善良、勤劳、奉献、和睦、友爱、正义、协作等价值观的叙事模式，重新建构这些智慧资源的日常生活路径，逐渐增强人们接受本土智慧资源的信心，从而实现让民间文学重回日常生活的目标。

【精准解析】河北省邯郸市磁县第二中学2019-2020学年高一下学期线上教学检测地理试题

河北省邯郸市磁县第二中学2019-2020学年高一下学期线上教学检测地理试题第I卷(选择题共60分)下图为2013—2018年广东省常住人口与出生人口增量变化统计图。

据此完成下列小题。

1.影响广东省常住人口数量变化的主要因素是（）A.人口基数B.人口迁移C.人口自然增长D.老年人口数量2.2017年广东省出生人口增量变化特点的形成原因是（）A.全面二孩政策影响B.人们生育意愿转变C.经济发展水平提高D.人口基数数量巨大3.常住人口数量变化将会使广东省在2019年（）A.人口数量超过环境人口容量B.城市化质量大幅度提高C.工业化水平进一步提升D.老龄化水平日趋严重【答案】1.B 2.A 3.C【解析】【1题详解】本题以2013—2018年广东省常住人口与出生人口增量变化统计图为载体，考查影响人口数量变化的因素，旨在考查考生获取和解读地理信息、调动和运用地理知识的能力。

影响一个地区常住人口数量变化的因素主要是人口自然增长和人口迁移。

由图可知，广东省出生人口增量有正值有负值，说明每年出生人口数量有增有减，而常住人口数量逐年增加，由此可以推断广东省常住人口数量的增加主要靠人口迁入。

人口基数影响常住人口数量，但不影响常住人口数量的变化；老年人口数越多，常住人口增长越缓慢。

故选B。

【2题详解】本题以2013—2018年广东省常住人口与出生人口增量变化统计图为载体，考查影响人口自然增长的因素，旨在考查考生获取和解读地理信息、调动和运用地理知识的能力。

由图可知，2017年广东省出生人口增量最大，这主要是受全面二孩政策的影响。

经济发展水平和人们的生育意愿是逐渐变化的，不会使出生人口增量突然发生变化；人口基数对人口自然增长有影响，但从图中常住人口数量与人口自然增量的关系可以看出，二者并不完全呈正相关。

故选A。

【3题详解】.本题以2013—2018年广东省常住人口与出生人口增量变化统计图为载体，考查人口变化产生的影响，旨在考查考生调动和运用地理知识的能力。

河北省邯郸磁县第二中学2019-2020学年高一下学期线上教学检测语文试卷

语文一、现代文阅读（23分）（一）论述类文本阅读（本题共3小题，9分）阅读下面的文字，完成1~3题。

最近一项调查显示，当代中国青少年最喜爱的20个动漫形象中，19个来自海外。

本土动漫形象只有一个“孙悟空”，受调查的青少年对“孟姜女”“田螺姑娘”等民间文学中的人物知之甚少。

这是民间文学在当代社会生活中地位失落的又一个缩影。

民间文学以口头讲述为媒介，近二三十年，书面阅读与数字化体验的迅速普及，湮没了民间文学口头讲述的生活现场。

中华上下五千年，每个时代的民间文学都既反映着历史环境，又彰显出时代背景，同时还承担着文化传承功能，是中华儿女文化认同的重要基础。

每一个从自己家乡成长起来的人，都深受家乡风俗影响，从方言和方言所承载的故事、歌谣和谚语中获得了生命之初的情感与意义。

从更大的层面讲，中国各民族各地区的民间文学，无不殊途同归地反映着民族友好、政治大同、社会和谐的中华文明主题。

从某种意义上讲，在千百年的历史演进中，分散在中华大地上的各族群众，正是通过民间文学的形式传承着中华民族共同的价值观。

面对严峻的传承危机，我们认为亟须采取有效措施以增强民间文学的创新能力和传承能力，使其重新回归日常生活，有效融入当代社会。

河北省邯郸市磁县第二中学2019-2020学年高一下学期期中考试地理试题 Word版含答案

地理试卷（考试时间：60分钟总分100分）注意事项：1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。

2. 回答Ⅰ卷时，选择题全部完成答案后，扫描钉钉班级群老师发的二维码进行提交3. 回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案填写在答题卡上，并提交到家校本。

一、单项选择题（本题有45小题，每小题2分，共90分）下图为“人口增长模式图”。

读图回答1～2题。

1.下列关于人口增长模式图的说法，正确的是( )A ．a 、d 年份人口自然增长率相同，人口增加数量相等B ．b 年份人口总量将会达到最大值C ．Ⅰ阶段至Ⅱ阶段人口增长模式的转变主要是由人口死亡率的变化引起的D ．c 年份的人口自然增长率大约为0.2%2.我国在Ⅲ阶段最可能出现的现象是( )A ．家庭结构由多子女的大家庭转向少子女的小家庭B ．孩子们有多个亲兄弟姐妹的家庭越来越多C ．举办金婚庆祝活动的夫妇很多D ．一个母亲的第六个孩子死于伤寒3. 右图示中①③人口增长模式分别是（）A ．“低—低—低”模式和原始人口增长模式B ．原始人口模式和传统人口增长模式C ．“高—低—高”模式和传统人口增长模式出生率死亡率D．“高—低—高”模式和“低—低—低”模式读下图“台湾省人口金字塔图”，完成下题。

4.图示过程能够明显反映台湾省（）A.人口出生率不断下降B.人口出生率不断上升C.人口死亡率不断上升D.人口自然增长率不断上升5.预测到2031年台湾省面临的主要人口问题是（）A.人口增长速度快B.人口老龄化程度高C.就业压力太大D.性别结构严重失衡下图为“甲、乙、丙、丁四国的人口状况示意图”，回答6～7题。

6．甲、乙、丙、丁四国的人口自然增长率最低的是( )A．甲 B．乙 C．丙D．丁7．下列叙述正确的是( )A．目前甲国人口老龄化表现严重 B．乙地最可能位于发达国家C．丙地就业压力大，失业率高 D．丁地的城市化水平高，速度快“重男轻女指数”是指希望生育男孩的母亲人数与希望生育女孩的母亲人数的比例。

河北省邯郸市磁县第二中学2019_2020学年高一语文下学期期中试题

河北省邯郸市磁县第二中学2019-2020学年高一语文下学期期中试题本试卷共21 题，共100 分，共12 页时间：90 分钟一、阅读下面的文字，完成1~4 题（12 分）噫吁嚱，危乎高哉！蜀道之难，难于上青天！蚕丛及鱼凫，开国何茫然！尔来四万八千岁，不与秦塞通人烟。

西当太白有鸟道，可以横绝峨眉巅。

地崩山摧壮士死，然后天梯石栈相钩连。

上有六龙回日之高标，下有冲波逆折之回川。

黄鹤之飞尚不得过，猿猱欲度愁攀援。

青泥何盘盘，百步九折萦岩峦。

扪参历井仰胁息，以手抚膺坐长叹。

问君西游何时还？畏途巉岩不可攀。

但见悲鸟号古木，雄飞雌从绕林间。

又闻子规啼夜月，愁空山。

蜀道之难，难于上青天，使人听此凋朱颜！连峰去天不盈尺，枯松倒挂倚绝壁。

飞湍瀑流争喧豗，砯崖转石万壑雷。

其险也如此，嗟尔远道之人胡为乎来哉！剑阁峥嵘而崔嵬，一夫当关，万夫莫开。

所守或匪亲，化为狼与豺。

朝避猛虎，夕避长蛇，磨牙吮血，杀人如麻。

锦城虽云乐，不如早还家。

蜀道之难，难于上青天，侧身西望长咨嗟！1.下列划线的虚词解释有误的一项是（）（3 分）A. 以手抚膺坐长叹以：介词，用B. 所守或匪亲或：有时C. 但见悲鸟号古木但：只D. 蜀道之难，难于上青天于：介词，比2. 下列划线字意义和用法不相同的一项是（）（3 分）A．危乎高哉危楼高百尺B．以手抚膺坐长叹义愤填膺C．连峰去天不盈尺虎丘去城可七八里D．尔来四万八千岁嗟尔远道之人胡为乎来哉3.下列划线的词语古今意思不相同的一项是（）（3 分）A. 然后天梯石栈相钩连B. 以手抚膺坐长叹C. 剑阁峥嵘而崔嵬D. 猿猱欲度愁攀援4.下列有关《蜀道难》内容的赏析，不正确的一项是（）（3 分）A. “上有六龙回日之高标”引用古代神话，极写山之高峻，山之愈高，则愈见路之难行。

B. “悲鸟号古木”“子规啼夜月”自然景观中富有浓郁的感情色彩，渲染了旅愁和蜀道上空寂苍凉的氛围，有力地烘托了蜀道之难。

C. “连峰去天不盈尺，枯松倒挂倚绝壁”，运用夸张与衬托手法，写出了山峰之高、绝壁之险。

2019-2020学年河北省邯郸市磁县第二中学高一下学期线上教学检测化学试卷(解析版)

河北省邯郸市磁县第二中学2019-2020学年高一下学期线上教学检测试卷第I卷一、单选题1.关于物质结构的下列各种叙述，正确的是（）A. 含有共价键的晶体，一定是原子晶体B. 离子晶体中，一定存在金属元素和非金属元素；C. 同时含有离子键和共价键的化合物，既可能是离子化合物，也可能是共价化合物D. 在共价化合物中一定存在共价键，但含有共价键的不一定是共价化合物『答案』D『解析』『分析』『详解』A、含有共价键的晶体不一定是原子晶体，可能是离子晶体，如NaOH，也可能是分子晶体，如干冰，故A错误；B、离子晶体可以是由非金属元素组成的，如NH4Cl，故B错误；C、含有离子键的化合物一定是离子化合物，故C错误；D、共价化合物中一定含有共价键，但含有共价键的化合物不一定是共价化合物，可能是离子化合物，如NaOH，既含有离子键又含有共价键，故D正确。

2.依据元素周期表及元素周期律,下列推断正确的是( )A. H3BO3的酸性比H2CO3的强B. Mg(OH)2的碱性比Be(OH)2的强C. HCl、HBr、HI的热稳定性逐渐增强D. 若M+和R2-的核外电子层结构相同,则离子半径:M+>R2-『答案』B『解析』A、由于非金属性C>B，故酸性：H3BO32CO3，选项A错误；B．金属性Mg＞Be，则最高价氧化物的水化物的碱性为Mg（OH）2的碱性比Be（OH）2的强，选项B正确；C．非金属性Cl＞Br＞I，则气态氢化物的稳定性为HCl、HBr、HI的热稳定性依次减弱，选项C 错误；D．电子层结构相同，则M的原子序数-1=R的原子序数+1，则原子序数为R＜M，具有相同电子层结构核电荷数越大，半径越小，即则离子半径:M+ ＜R2-，选项D错误；答案选B。

3.下列关于有机物实验现象与原因的叙述中，完全正确的一组是（）『答案』B『解析』『详解』A．苯能将溴水中的溴萃取出来，使水层褪色，没有发生加成反应，故A错误；B．乙酸的酸性大于碳酸，与NaHCO3溶液反应产生二氧化碳，故B正确；C．蔗糖中不存在醛基，不能与银氨溶液反应产生银镜，故C错误；D．乙醇羟基中的氢原子没有水中的氢原子活泼，乙醇和钠反应比水与钠反应缓慢，故D错误。

河北省邯郸市磁县二中2019-2020学年高一生物下学期期中试题(含解析)

【详解】A、①磷酸和②脱氧核糖的交替排列构成了 DNA 分子的基本骨架，A 错误；
B、图中④不能表示胞嘧啶脱氧核苷酸，②、③和下一个磷酸才能构成胞嘧啶脱氧核苷酸，B
错误；
C、DNA 复制时，⑨氢键的形成不需要酶，C 错误；
D、解旋酶的作用是使⑨断裂，D 正确。
故选 D。
【点睛】理解 DNA 分子双螺旋结构的主要特点，并结合题意分析题图是关键。
概率，必须先求得亲代能导致后代出现某形状的基因型的概率。
2. 下列能正确表示 DNA 片段示意图的是（）
A.
B.
C.
D.
【答案】D 【解析】【分析】 DNA 由脱氧核苷酸组成的大分子聚合物。脱氧核苷酸由碱基、脱氧核糖和磷酸构成。其中碱基有 4 种：腺嘌呤（A）、鸟嘌呤（G）、胸腺嘧啶（T）和胞嘧啶（C）。DNA 分子结构中，两条多脱氧核苷酸链围绕一个共同的中心轴盘绕，构成双螺旋结构。脱氧核糖-磷酸链在螺旋结构的外面，碱基朝向里面。两条多脱氧核苷酸链反向互补，通过碱基间的氢键形成的碱基配对相连，形成相当稳定的组合。碱基互补配对的原则为 A－T、G－C。【详解】A、DNA 分子中没有尿嘧啶（U），A 错误； B、DNA 的两条链反向平行，B 错误； C、A 与 T 之间形成两个氢键，G 与 C 之间形成三个氢键，C 错误； D、该片段可以表示 DNA，D 正确。故选 D。 3. 如图为一色盲家系谱图，若其中 1 号与 2 号个体婚配，则后代患病概率是
C、精子的产生过程中，MⅠ和 MⅡ是连续的，而卵细胞产生过程中，MⅠ和 MⅡ是不连续的，
C 不符合题意；
D、一个精原细胞减数分裂能形成 4 个精细胞，经过变形形成 4 个精子，而一个卵原细胞减
数分裂只形成 1 个卵细胞，D 不符合题意。

邯郸市磁县第二中学2019-2020学年高一下学期期中考试化学试卷含解析

B. 正极的电极反应式为Ag2O＋2e−＋H2O 2Ag＋2OH−
C。锌筒作负极，发生氧化反应，锌筒会变薄
D。使用一段时间后，电解质溶液的酸性减弱，导电能力下降
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】A.Zn较Cu活泼，做负极，Zn失电子变Zn2+，电子经导线转移到铜电极,铜电极负电荷变多，吸引了溶液中的阳离子，因而Zn2+和H+迁移至铜电极，H+氧化性较强，得电子变H2，因而c(H+）减小，A项错误;
总之，W、X、Y、Z分别是N、O、Na、S。可在此基础上对各选项作出判断。
【详解】A。非金属性O＞N,所以X（O）的简单氢化物的热稳定性比 W（N）强,A选项正确；
B. Y（Na）的简单离子Na+和X(O）的简单离子O2-均为10电子离子，具有相同的电子层结构，B选项正确；
C。没有指明元素的价态，无法比较氧化物水化物的酸性，C选项错误；
C。 2NH3(l）===N2(g)＋3H2（g) ΔH＝2(a＋b－c) kJ·mol－1
D. 2NH3（l)===N2（g)＋3H2(g) ΔH＝2(b＋c－a) kJ·mol－1
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】由图可知， N2（g)+ H2(g)=NH3(g)△H=（a—b）kJ•mol-1， N2（g）+ H2（g）=NH3（l)△H=（a—b—c)kJ•mol-1；
9。常温下，将除去表面氧化膜的Al、Cu片插入浓HNO3中组成原电池（图1),测得原电池的电流强度（I）随时间(t）的变化如图2所示,反应过程中有红棕色气体产生。
下列说法错误的是( ）
A。 0~,原电池的负极是Al片
B. 0～t1时，正极的电极反应式是 +2H++e−=NO2↑+H2O

2020年河北省邯郸高一(下)期中英语试卷解析版

期中英语试卷题号I II III IV V VI VII VIII总分得分一、阅读理解（本大题共12小题，共24.0分）AWatching the latest Hollywood movie in a great cinema brings about a lot of excitement．Here are the best movie theaters in the world．Prasad-Hyderabad，IndiaCan you think of anything better than a movie viewed on a screen measuring 97×117 feet？Prasad has the answer．It has been screening movies since 2003．Every day，it gets round 1，500 inquiries （咨询）on its phone booking system．Castro Theater-San Francisco，United StatesBack during the 20s，movie palaces with huge reception halls and video halls were put up for the pleasure of customers．This theater，with a cathedral façade （立面），is one of the last from that period．Cine de Chef-Seoul，South KoreaWant to go out for dinner and a movie？Here you get to do both．And the food is not just the typical popcorn and soda，but a real meal made up of French and Italian cuisine （菜肴）．Secret Cinema-WorldwideSecret Cinema is a group based in London that holds monthly screenings of a movie．You have to sign up for it，and they will tell you where and when to go for the movie．Hired actors will then act out the scenes from the film．1.What makes Prasad well-known？______A. Its long history．B. Its large-sized screen．C. Its special decoration．D. Its phone booking system．2.In what way is Secret Cinema different from the other three theaters？______A. Online payment is required．B. You can watch movies in palaces．C. Actors will present the scenes live．D. You can watch movies every week．3.Which should you choose to go out for a movie and dinner？______A. Prasad．B. Castro Theater．C. Cine de Chef．D. Secret Cinema．4.What's the author's purpose in writing the text？______A. To advertise．B. To educate．C. To persuade．D. To introduce．BWith the help of the car manufacturer （汽车制造商）Hound，a 13-year-old girl was able to send a message to space，where her dad works on the International Space Station （ISS）．"He gets to live and work in space and he is doing lots of experiments up there．He has to stay there for long periods of time…I miss him when he is gone，" Stephanie，who is from Houston，Texas，said in a video．"I think if we could write a really big message he wouldbe able to see it from space．"Hyundai took her wish to heart and decided to take on the challenge．Using Nevada's Delamar Dry Lake as a canvas （画布），11 drivers drove Hyundai cars，spelling out "Steph♡s you" across 2.14 square miles of desert．A promotional video，which Hyundai made to record the process，caught her father's response and showed the picture he took of her message from the ISS．"I am happy that he could see it and knows that we are thinking about him back home，" Stephanie said．"He has seen so many things up there，but I hope that this message was the most special．"There are many misunderstandings about what can and cannot be seen from space．Contrary to popular belief，the Great Wall of China cannot be seen from space，but many seemingly less important things can be seen．"A farmer from Louisiana could be burning wastes in his backyard，and it would make a big smoke trail that astronauts could see it from space，" Mike Gentry，a photo researcher for NASA's human-tended vehicles．And with a special camera，they can see the earth in great detail and even keep up an eye on their favorite sports teams．5.What can we know about Stephanie's father？______A. He likes taking picture．B. He spends little time at home．C. He works in a car company．D. He often sends messages to his daughter．6.How did Hyundai help the girl？______A. By offering a free ride．B. By taking her to a guided tour．C. By replaying her father's response．D. By making a large picture with cars．7.Which of the following can be seen from space？______A. A moving car．B. A standing farmer．C. The Great Wall of China．D. The smoke of burning rubbish．8.What is the best title for the text？______A. Send Love to SpaceB. A Girl of Great TalentC. Observe the Earth Far AwayD. A New Way to Explore SpaceCThe bad health effects of sleep loss during the week can't be repaid by longer weekend sleep，according to a new study．Researchers have long known that sleep deprivation （剥夺）can cause weight gain and increase other health risks．But for those who force themselves out of bed every weekday after too few hours of shut-eye，they hope turning off the alarm on Saturday and Sunday will repay the weekly sleep debt and remove any ill effects．The research，published in Current Biology，crushes those hopes．Despite complete freedom to sleep during a weekend recovery period，people in a sleep lab who were limited to five hours of sleep on weekdays gained nearly three pounds over two weeks and experienced disorders that would increase their risk for diabetes over the long term．While weekend recovery sleep had some benefits after a single week of sleep loss，those gains were wiped out when people fell right back into their same sleep-deprived schedule the next Monday．"If there are benefits of catch-up sleep，they're gone when you go back to your daily schedule．It's very short-lived，" said Kenneth Wright，director of the sleep and chronobiology lab at the University of Colorado at boulder．"These health effects arelong-term．It's kind of like smoking once was-people would smoke and wouldn't see an immediate effect on their health，but people will say now that smoking is not a healthy lifestyle choice．I think sleep is in the early stage of where smoking used to be．"Wright said that the study suggests people should put sleep in the first place-cutting out the "sleep stealers" such as watching television shows or spending time on their phones．Even when people don't have a choice about losing sleep because of child-care responsibilities or job schedules，they should think about getting sleep in the same way they would get a healthy diet or exercise．9.What do the researchers find about weekend recovery sleep？______A. It is common among people．B. It will make people healthier．C. It can make people put on weight．D. It's able to make up for the sleep loss．10.What does the underlined word "crushes" mean？______A. Arouses．B. Guarantees．C. Deepens．D. Ruins．11.What will Kenneth Wright agree with？______A. It takes long for people to see the effects of sleep loss．B. Smoking and sleep loss have the same bad effects．C. Weekend recovery sleep has many benefits．D. Smoking is more harmful than sleep loss．12.What does Kenneth Wright advise people to do？______A. Sleep as long as possible during weekdays．B. Watch some TV shows before bedtime．C. Reduce the screen time before sleep．D. Take regular exercise every day．二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）Be a good Listener When communicating with others，we often focus （集中）on what we should say．(1) Try the following tips to become a good listener．Pay full attention to the speaker．You can't listen effectively （有效地）if you're constantly checking your phone or thinking about something else．(2) If you find it hard to do so，try repeating their words over in your head-it'll help you stay focused．Show your interest in what's being said．Nod and smile at the speaker from time to time．(3) These show that you are listening with interest．(4) Listen without judging the other person or the things she tells you．If what she says frightens you，go ahead and feel frightened，but don't say to yourself，"Well，that was a stupid move．" As soon as you allow yourself to be judgmental，you've decreased your effectiveness as a listener．Don't be a sentence-grabber．When you are trying to speed up the conversation by finishing the other's sentences，this usually lands you way off base．(5) So what you need is patience ，not speed．A．Keep an open mind．B．Look at each other in the eye．C．The only way to find out is by listening．D．But successful communication is more about listening．E．Encourage the speaker to continue with small expressions like "yes" or "uh huh"．F．Stay focused on the moment-to-moment experience to pick up the important information．G．You're following your own train of thought and ignore where the speaker's is headed．13. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G14. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G15. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）I grew up as the "baby" of my family．I was the(18)of three sons．My brothers were five and seven years older than me．They(19)with most of the chores （杂务）around the house，while I spent most of my time riding my bike，(20)basketball in the yard，and etc．To say I was a bit (21)wouldn't be unreasonable．I spent my childhood with all the fun and none of the (22)．By the time I entered my early teens，however，my(23)had moved out of our home．My dad was badly (24)and became disabled．We had(25)a mountain top house heated by a wood stove （火炉）with only well water to drink．I soon(26)myself then doing more(27)than I had ever done before．I (28)our garden and mowed our lawn （割草）in the summer．In the fall I carried wood to keep us(29)in the winter months to come．And all year round I carried(30)containers of water from a mountain spring back to our house．At first I grumbled and (31)to myself．After a while，though，I began to find (32)in helping my parents that I(33)so much．I sang to myself when I cut wood and(34)while I carried water．I (35)found myself helping my mom with the dinner dishes and cleaning．I started to (36)something that I would carry with me the rest of my life too：When your work is done in (37)，it isn't work．18. A. youngest B. cleverest C. tallest D. happiest19. A. got away B. had fun C. struggled D. helped20. A. playing B. watching C. catching D. teaching21. A. useless B. active C. exited D. spoiled22. A. difficulties B. responsibilitiesC. dangersD. dreams23. A. parents B. brothers C. interest D. goal24. A. needed B. judged C. injured D. treated25. A. moved into B. broken into C. sold D. searched26. A. stopped B. found C. forgot D. imagined27. A. damage B. research C. sport D. work28. A. disliked B. destroyed C. visited D. tidied29. A. busy B. sleepy C. warm D. alive30. A. heavy B. beautiful C. expensive D. empty31. A. turned B. talked C. complained D. listened32. A. confidence B. pleasure C. relief D. comfort33. A. missed B. loved C. doubted D. feared34. A. smiled B. celebrated C. fell down D. gave in35. A. never B. seldom C. almost D. even36. A. realize B. lose C. invent D. consider37. A. practice B. person C. love D. detail四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）38.Chopsticks play an important role in Chinese food culture．They：(1) （call）"Zhu"in ancient times in China．Chinese people have been using them for more than 3，000 years．Wood or bamboo chopsticks are the most popular ones used in Chinese homes，(2) can be dated to about 1，000 years (3) （early）than ivory （象牙）chopsticks．There are a few things (4) （avoid）when using chopsticks．Chinese people usually Ion't beat their bowls while (5) （eat），since the behavior used to be practiced bybeggars．Also don't put chopsticks in a bowl upright because it is a custom only used in sacrifices （祭祀）(6) is common in China for everyone to use their own chopsticks for getting food from the (7) （dish）on the table．If you prefer，serving chopsticks (8) （be）provided．Besides，don't be embarrassed by using chopsticks (9) （poor）．What matters is that you enjoy the food．Food is (10) great importance in Chineseculture，and the Chinese is such a practical people that all around you will most likely be fine with whatever method you use to eat．五、单词拼写-单句（本大题共1小题，共1.0分）39.It is very important to know your own______and weaknesses．（长处，强项）六、选词填空-句子（本大题共7小题，共10.0分）40.You must ask for______（许可）before taking any photographs inside the church．41.Before making the final decision，you should______（权衡）the advantages againstthe disadvantages．42.Whenever I made mistakes，the teacher would point them out with______（耐心）．43.Williams was______（印象深刻的）with Benjamin and gave him two books onpainting to take home．44.He stopped the car just______（及时）to avoid an accident．45.This is just a small informal party-you don't have to______（盛装打扮）．46. A war between the two countries______（爆发）in1964．七、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）47.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词．删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉．修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分．Learning English is not so difficulty．I'm glad to give you some advices．First of all，be brave to express you in class．Speaking with others can great improve your fluency．Speaking is not about how large your vocabulary is．On a contrary，it is about how well you can use the words you know．Second，read as many as possible．There are many things can be learnt while reading．It was not until you read them for many times that you'll be able to write English correctly yourself．But in order to write well，you'd better to remember some good sentences and structures．八、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共20.0分）48.假定你是李华，下周六下午四点你校图书馆报告厅将有一场关于饮食健康的讲座，请给你的外教David写封邮件，邀他一同前往．内容包括：1．时间、地点；2．讲座内容：中餐特点和饮食建议；3．邀请理由．注意：1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．Dear David，How are you recently？_________ Yours，Li Hua答案和解析1.【答案】【小题1】B【小题2】C【小题3】C【小题4】D【解析】1．B 细节理解题．根据第一节中的"Can you think of anything better than a movie viewed on a screen measuring 97×117 feet？ Prasad has the answer．你能想出比在97×117英尺的屏幕上看电影更好的东西吗？普拉萨德有答案"可知它的大屏幕．使普拉萨德出名．故选B．2．C 细节理解题．根据第四节中的"Hired actors will then act out the scenes from the film．受雇的演员将表演电影中的场景"可知秘密影院和其他三家影院不同之处在于演员们将现场表演这些场景．故选C．3．C 细节理解题．根据第三节中的"Want to go out for dinner and a movie？Here you get to do both．想出去吃晚饭看电影吗？这两样都可以"可知你应该选择厨师电影院．去看电影和吃晚饭．故选C．4．D 目的意图题．根据第一段中的"Here are the best movie theaters in the world．这里有世界上最好的电影院"可知本文的目的是介绍几家有名的电影院．故选D．本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了几家著名的电影院．1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目．2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换．3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义．5.【答案】【小题1】B【小题2】D【小题3】D【小题4】A【解析】BDDA1．B．考查学生理解文中具体信息的能力．根据第二段中的"He has to stay there for long periods of time…I miss him when he is gone．"可知他不得不在那里呆很长一段时间．由此可知，他很少呆在家里．故选B．2．D．考查学生理解文中具体信息的能力．根据第三段中的"Using Nevada's Delamar Dry Lake as a canvas， 11 drivers drove Hyundai cars，spelling out "Steph♡s you" across 2.14 square miles of desert．"可知11名司机驾驶着现代汽车，在2.14平方英里的沙漠里，以内华达德拉玛干湖为背景，拼出了"Steph s you"的字样．由此可知，故选D．3．D．考查学生理解文中具体信息的能力．根据最后一段中的"A farmer from Louisiana could be burning wastes in his backyard，and it would make a big smoke trail that astronauts could see it from space．"可知一个来自路易斯安那州的农民可以在他的后院焚烧垃圾，这将产生一个大的烟雾轨迹，宇航员可以从太空看到它．由此可知，燃烧垃圾的烟可以从太空中看到．故选D．4．A．考查学生根据文章主旨给出文章标题的能力．本文主要讲述了一个女孩因思念在太空站执行任务的父亲，设法向其表达爱意的故事．Send Love to Space把爱送到太空；A Girl of Great Talent一个很有天赋的女孩；Observe the Earth Far Away观察遥远的地球；A New Way to Explore Space探索太空的新方法．故选A．本文是一篇人生感悟类阅读，文章主要讲述了一个女孩因思念在太空站执行任务的父亲，设法向其表达爱意的故事．本文考察学生的说明文的阅读理解水平，需要学生认真阅读原文，仔细查找文中细节，对文章脉络有整体的了解，并能根据文章进行合理推断．9.【答案】【小题1】C【小题2】D【小题3】A【小题4】C【解析】1．C．细节理解题．根据第三段第二句话可Despite complete freedom to sleep during a weekend recovery period，people in a sleep lab who were limited to five hours of sleep on weekdays gained nearly thre e pounds over two weeks and experienced disorders that would increase their risk for diabetes over the long term．尽管在周末的恢复期内可以完全自由地睡觉，但在睡眠实验室里，平日睡眠时间被限制在5小时以内的人在两周内体重增加了近3磅，并经历了从长期来看会增加患糖尿病风险的疾病．可知答案是C．故选C．2．D．推理判断题．第二段中的"they hope turning off the alarm on Saturday and Sunday will repay the weekly sleep debt an d remove any ill effects．"根据本句可知人们寄希望于通过周末补觉能弥补睡眠，然而这个研究却"打碎了"人们的这种愿望．所以选D．3．A．细节理解题．根据倒数第二段中的"These health effects are long-term．It's kind of like smoking once was-people would smoke and wouldn't see an immediate effect on their health， but people will say now that smoking is not a healthy lifestyle choice．I think sleep is in the early stage of where smoking used to be．"这些对健康的影响是长期的．有点像以前人们吸烟，看不到对健康的直接影响，但现在人们会说吸烟不是一种健康的生活方式．我认为睡眠是吸烟的早期阶段．可知人们对于睡眠缺失的了解现阶段还不深，就像是吸烟一样，得过上一段时间之后人们才会看到它的坏处．所以选A．4．C．细节理解题．根据最后一段中的"people should put sleep in the first place-cutting out the "sleep stealers" such as watching tel evision shows or spending time on their phones．"人们应该把睡眠放在第一位，而不是像看电视节目或花时间打电话这样的"偷睡眠者"．可知他建议人们缩减些不必要的活动来保证睡眠的时间．所以选C．项新的研究表明，周末长时间的睡眠无法弥补一周内睡眠不足对健康的不良影响．阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释．考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点．13.【答案】【小题1】D【小题2】F【小题3】E【小题4】A【小题5】G【解析】1．D．推理判断题．句意：但是成功的交流更多的是倾听．根据上文When communicating with others， we often focus （集中） on what we should say．可知，与他人交流时，我们经常集中精力说些什么．故选D．2．F．推理判断题．句意：专注于瞬间的体验，以获取重要的信息．根据下文If you find it hard to do so，try repeating their words over in your head-it'll help you stay focused．可知，如果您觉得这样做困难，请尝试在头上重复他们的话，这将帮助您保持专注．故选F．3．E．推理判断题．句意：鼓励演讲者继续使用诸如"是"或"嗯"的小表情．根据下文These show that you are listening with interest．可知，这些表明您正在饶有兴趣地听．故选E．4．A．推理判断题．句意：保持开放的心态．根据下文Listen without judging the other person or the things she tells you．可知，聆听时无需判断对方或她告诉您的事情．故选A．5．G．推理判断题．句意：您正在遵循自己的思路，而忽略了演讲者的前进方向．根据此空前一句When you are trying to speed up the conversation by finishing the other's sentences，this usually lands you way off base讲到"当你试着抢别人的话说的时候，往往会让你跑题．因为你是顺着自己的思路而非站在对方的角度"，故选G．本文是一篇选句填空阅读，主要讲述了与他人交流时，我们经常集中精力说些什么．但是成功的交流更多的是倾听．考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．18.【答案】【小题1】A【小题2】D【小题3】A【小题4】D【小题5】B【小题6】B【小题7】C【小题8】A【小题9】B【小题10】D 【小题11】D【小题12】C【小题13】A【小题14】C【小题15】B 【小题16】B【小题17】A【小题18】D【小题19】A【小题20】C【解析】ADADB BCABD DCACB BADAC1．A．考查形容词词义辨析．句意：我是三个儿子中最小的一个．A．youngest 最年轻的；B．cleverest最聪明的；C．tallest最高的；D．happiest最快乐的．根据下文可知，我的两个兄弟都比我大，因此我是年龄最小的．故选A项．2．D．考查动词及动词词组辨析．句意：他们在家里做大部分家务．A．got away逃走；B．had fun玩得开心；C．struggled挣扎；D．helped帮忙．根据下文可知我的哥哥们帮助爸妈做了大部分家务活，而我（因为是家里最小的）主要是在院子里骑车、打篮球等．故选D项．3．A．考查动词词义辨析．句意：我大部分时间都在骑自行车，在院子里打篮球，等等．A．playing 玩：B．watching看；C．catching抓住：D．teaching教．根据下文可知我的哥哥们帮助爸妈做了大部分家务活，而我（因为是家里最小的）主要是在院子里骑车、打篮球等．故选A项．4．D．考查形容词词义辨析．句意：说我被宠坏了一点也不过分．A．useless 无用的；B．active积极的；C．exited退出的；D．spoiled宠坏的，溺爱的．（我几乎不承担家务）因此说我被宠坏了一点也不过分．故选D项．5．B．考查名词词义辨析．句意：我快乐地度过了我的童年，没有承担一点责任．A．ifculties 困难；B．responsibilities责任；C．dangers危险：D．dreams梦想．根据上一句可知，我被家人宠着，很少做家务．因此我把大部分童年时光用在了玩上，而没有承担任何责任．故选B项．6．B．考查名词词义辨析．句意：然而，当我十几岁的时候，我的兄弟们已经搬出了我们家．A．parents 父母；B．brothers兄弟；C．interest兴趣：D．goal目标．我成为了青少年，那我的哥哥们肯定已经是成年人了，于是从家里搬了出去．故选B项．7．C．考查动词词义辨析．句意：我父亲病得很重，成了残疾人．A．needed 需要；B ．judged判断；C．injured受伤；D．treated治疗．根据下文我的父亲成为了残疾人可知，他受了很严重的伤．故选C项．8．A．考查动词及动词词组辨析．句意：我们搬进了一座山顶上的房子用火炉取暖，只有水可以饮用．A．moved into搬进；B．broken into闯入；C．sold卖掉；D．searched 搜查．根据下文可知，我们搬进了一座位于山上的房子里，需要自己去打井水和生火．故选A项．9．B．考查动词词义辨析．句意：我很快发现自己做了比以前更多的家务．A．stopped 停止：B．found发现；C．forgot忘记；D．imagined想象．根据上文可知，现在我成了家里做家务的主力，因此选填found ，指的是自己很快意识到这样的状况．故选B项．10．D．考查名词词义辨析．句意：我很快发现自己做了比以前更多的家务．A．damage 损坏；B．research研究；C．sport运动；D．work工作．根据我家里的状况可知，我应该承担了更多的家务活．故选D项．11．D．考查动词词义辨析．句意：夏天我打理花园，修剪草坪．A．disliked 不喜欢：B．destroyed破坏；C．visited拜访；D．tidied整理．家里的花园当然是需要打理的，因此选填tidy，意为"整理，收拾"．故选D项．12．C．考查形容词词义辨析．句意：在秋天，我准备木头为了冬天能够取暖．A．busy 忙的；B．sleepy困的；C．warm温暖的；D．alive活的．上文提到在这个房子居住需要自己生火，冬天生火当然是为了取暖．故选C项．13．A．考查形容词词义辨析．句意：一年四季，我都得把装着山泉的沉重水罐背回我们家．A．heavy 重的：B．beautiful漂亮的；C．expensive昂贵的；D．empty空的．从泉水那里打水，当然是背回了沉重的水罐．故选A项．14．C．考查动词词义辨析．句意：一开始我发牢骚，自我抱怨．A．turned 转；B．talked 谈话；C．complained抱怨；D．listened听．根据下文可知，后来我慢慢愿意去做家务了，因此一开始的时候我并不是很喜欢，有时候会抱怨．故选C项．15．B．考查名词词义辨析．句意：过了一段时间，我开始发现帮我爱的父母做很多家务十分快乐．A．confidence 自信；B．pleasure快乐：C．relief解脱：D．comfort舒适．虽然一开始作者抱怨，但后来喜欢上了帮助父母做这些家务．故选B项．16．B．考查动词词义辨析．句意：过了一段时间，我开始发现帮我爱的父母做很多家务十分快乐．A．missed 想念：B．loved爱；C．doubted怀疑：D．feared害怕．根据文章最后一句话可知我爱我的父母，乐于为他们分担家务．故选B项．17．A．考查动词及动词词义辨析．句意：当我砍柴的时候我唱着歌；当我挑水的时候，我微笑着．A．smiled 微笑；B．celebrated庆祝：C．fell down摔倒：D．gave in屈服．我的心态变了，不再把这些家务看成是负担，所以会微笑着做这些家务．故选A 项．18．D．考查程度副词．句意：我甚至发现自己在帮妈妈洗碗和打扫卫生．A．never 从不：B．seldom很少；C．almost几乎；D．even甚至．我不仅承担了很多体力活，甚至会帮妈妈做饭、打扫家里．故选D项．19．A．考查动词词义辨析．句意：我也开始意识到，我今后一生将会随身携带的一些东西A．realize 意识到：B．lose失去；C．invent发明；D．consider考虑．经历过这些之后，我开始明白了一些重要的人生道理．故选A项．20．C．考查名词词义辨析．句意：当你的工作充满了爱，它就不算工作．A．practice 练习；B．person人：C．love爱：D．detail细节．作者从一开始不做任何家务，到经历家庭中的困难时尽力承担家务，他明白了为自己爱的人做家务并不是麻烦事．故选C 项．作者从一开始不做任何家务，到经历家庭中的困难时尽力承担家务，他明白了为自己爱的人做家务并不是麻烦事．做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意，一篇完形填空的文章会有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一遍，才能大概了解文章内容，千万不要看一句，做一句．其次要逐句分析，前后一致，选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等．这篇完型要多注意：填空时多联系上下文，注意固定搭配，答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确．38.【答案】【小题1】were called【小题2】which【小题3】earlier【小题4】to avoid【小题5】eating【小题6】It【小题7】dishes【小题8】is/will be【小题9】poorly【小题10】of【解析】1．were called，考查时态和语态，主语和谓语之间是被动关系，又因为本句讲述的是过去的事情，故填were called．2．which，考查定语从句，根据句子结构可知，该空是非限定性定语从句的关系词，关系词在定语从句中作主语，指物，故填which．3．earlier，考查比较级，根据本句中的than，此空填形容词的比较级，故填earlier．4．to avoid，考查不定式，to avoid是后置定语，修饰a few things…5．eating，考查主动关系，eat和主句主语people之间存在主动关系，原句为while they are eating，省略主语和be，故填eating．6．It，考查it的用法，It is common for sb． to do sth．句型，此空为句首，故填It．7．dishes，考查名词的数，餐桌上的菜肴不止一种，故此空填复数形式dishes．8．is/will be，考查谓语动词，主语和谓语之间是被动关系，又因为本句的语境和条件句的时态，故填is/will be．9．poorly，考查副词，副词修饰动词，故填poorly．10．of，考查固定搭配，be of great importance = be important重要的，故填介词of．本文讲述筷子在中国饮食文化中占有重要的地位．还讲述了筷子的使用方法和发展过程．本题主要考查了用单词或短语的适当形式填空．做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识．本题考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等．因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识．39.【答案】strengths【解析】答案：strengths 考查翻译填空．根据句意和句子结构，要填入名词，strength 意为"长处，强项"，是可数名词，"长处，强项"可能不止一个，要用复数形式．知道你的长处和弱点是很重要的．考查翻译填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺．40.【答案】permission【解析】答案：permission．考查单词填空．句意：在教堂内拍照前，你必须征得许可．ask for后跟名词，permission是名词"许可"所以填：permission．在教堂内拍照前，你必须征得许可．考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要注意时态，名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺．41.【答案】balance【解析】答案：balance．考查单词填空．句意：在做最后决定之前，你应该权衡利弊．balance是动词"保持平衡"，should后跟动词原形，所以填：balance．在做最后决定之前，你应该权衡利弊．考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要注意时态，名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺．42.【答案】patience【解析】答案：patience．考查单词填空．句意：每当我犯错误，老师都会耐心地指出．with patience是固定短语"有耐心地"，所以填：patience．每当我犯错误，老师都会耐心地指出．考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要注意时态，名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺．43.【答案】impressed【解析】答案：impressed．考查单词填空．句意：威廉姆斯对本杰明印象深刻，给了他两本关于绘画的书带回家．be impressed with是固定短语"印象深刻"，所以填：impressed ．威廉姆斯对本杰明印象深刻，给了他两本关于绘画的书带回家．考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要注意时态，名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺．44.【答案】in time【解析】答案：in time．考查单词填空．句意：他及时停车以避免发生事故．in time是固定短语"及时"，所以填：in time．他及时停车以避免发生事故．考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要注意时态，名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺．45.【答案】dress up【解析】答案：dress up．考查单词填空．句意：这只是个非正式的小聚会，你不必打扮．dress up是固定短语"打扮"，因为在have to 后边用动词原形，所以填：dress up．这只是个非正式的小聚会，你不必打扮．考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，对于动词要注意时态，名词要注意单复数，正确写出单词完成句子，使句意更通顺．46.【答案】broke out【解析】答案：broke out．考查单词填空．句意：1964年两国爆发了一场战争．breake out是固定短语"爆发"，因为本句的时间是1964年，应该用过去时，所以填：broke out．1964年两国爆发了一场战争．考查单词填空，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示确定所填单词词性，。

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化学试卷一、单选题（每题3分)1.下列有关能量的说法不正确的是（）A.化石能源物质内部贮存着大量的能量B.植物的光合作用使太阳能转化为化学能C.燃料燃烧时只是将化学能转化为热能D.由石墨制金刚石是吸热反应，故石墨能量比金刚石能量低【答案】C【解析】【详解】A.化石能源物质内部贮存着大量的能量，常用作燃料，选项A正确；B.植物的光合作用是利用太阳能把二氧化碳、水，合成糖类，转化为化学能储存起来，选项B 正确；C.燃料燃烧时不只是将化学能转化为热能，还转化为光能等，选项C不正确；D.由反应物能量低于生成物能量，反应表现为吸热。

石墨制金刚石是吸热反应，故石墨能量比金刚石能量低，选项D正确；答案选C。

2.短周期主族元素W、X、Y、Z的原子序数依次增大，W的简单氢化物可用作制冷剂，Y的原子半径是所有短周期主族元素中最大的。

由X、Y和Z三种元素形成的一种盐溶于水后，加入稀盐酸，有黄色沉淀析出，同时有刺激性气体产生。

下列说法不正确的是A.X的简单氢化物的热稳定性比W强B.Y的简单离子与X的具有相同的电子层结构C.氧化物水化物的酸性W＞ZD.Z与X属于同一主族，与Y属于同一周期【答案】C【解析】【分析】可用作制冷剂的简单氢化物是NH3，所以W是N；短周期主族元素中原子半径最大的是Na，则Y是Na；由X、Y和Z三种元素形成的一种盐溶于水后，加入稀盐酸，有黄色沉淀析出，同时有刺激性气体产生，可判断是Na2S2O3和盐酸反应生成S和SO2，故X是O，Z是S。

总之，W、X、Y、Z分别是N、O、Na、S。

可在此基础上对各选项作出判断。

【详解】A.非金属性O＞N，所以X(O)的简单氢化物的热稳定性比W(N)强，A选项正确；B.Y(Na)的简单离子Na+和X(O)的简单离子O2-均为10电子离子，具有相同的电子层结构，B 选项正确；C.没有指明元素的价态，无法比较氧化物水化物的酸性，C选项错误；D.Z(S)与X(O)均属于ⅥA族，Z(S)与Y(Na)均属于第三周期，D选项正确；答案选C。

【点睛】易错点：非金属性越强，最高价氧化物的水化物酸性越强。

不是最高价氧化物的水化物，不能用此法比较。

3.化学电源在日常生活和高科技领域中都有广泛应用。

下列说法不正确．．．的是A.Zn2+向Cu电极方向移动，Cu电极附近溶液中H+浓度增加B.正极的电极反应式为Ag2O＋2e−＋H2O2Ag＋2OH−C.锌筒作负极，发生氧化反应，锌筒会变薄D.使用一段时间后，电解质溶液的酸性减弱，导电能力下降【答案】A【解析】【详解】A.Zn较Cu活泼，做负极，Zn失电子变Zn2+，电子经导线转移到铜电极，铜电极负电荷变多，吸引了溶液中的阳离子，因而Zn2+和H+迁移至铜电极，H+氧化性较强，得电子变H2，因而c(H+)减小，A项错误；B.Ag2O作正极，得到来自Zn失去的电子，被还原成Ag,结合KOH作电解液，故电极反应式为Ag2O＋2e−＋H2O2Ag＋2OH−，B项正确；C.Zn为较活泼电极，做负极，发生氧化反应，电极反应式为Zn-2e-=Zn2+，锌溶解，因而锌筒会变薄，C项正确；D.铅蓄电池总反应式为PbO2+Pb+2H2SO42PbSO4+2H2O，可知放电一段时间后，H2SO4不断被消耗，因而电解质溶液的酸性减弱，导电能力下降，D项正确。

故答案选A。

4.H2和I2在一定条件下能发生反应：H2(g)+I2(g)2HI(g)，1mol H2完全反应放出akJ热量。

已知：(a、b、c均大于零)。

下列说法不正确的是A.反应物的总能量高于生成物的总能量B.断开1mol H—H键和1mol I—I键所需能量大于断开2mol H—I键所需能量C.断开2mol H—I键所需能量约为(c+b+a)kJD.向密闭容器中加入2mol H2和2mo l I2，充分反应放出的热量小于2a kJ【答案】B【解析】【详解】A.放热反应中反应物的总能量高于生成物的总能量。

该反应放热，所以反应物的总能量高于生成物的总能量，A选项正确；B.该反应放热，说明反应物断键吸收的能量低于形成生成物成键放出的能量，而同一化学键断开吸收的能量和形成放出的能量相等，所以，断开1mol H—H键和1mol I—I键所需能量总和小于断开2mol H—I键所需能量，B选项错误；C.反应放出的热约为成键放出的能量减去断键吸收的能量：akJ=断开2mol H—I键所需能量-bkJ-ckJ，所以，断开2mol H—I键所需能量约为(c+b+a)kJ，C选项正确；D.该反应是可逆反应，向密闭容器中加入2mol H2和2mol I2，反应的H2小于2mol，所以，充分反应放出的热量小于2a kJ，D选项正确；答案选B。

【点睛】放热反应反应物的能量大于生成物的能量，忽略其他形式的能量，反应放出的热等于反应物的能量减去生成物的能量，也等于得到生成物成键放出的热减去反应物断键吸收的能量。

5.各烧杯中盛有海水，铁在其中被腐蚀由快到慢的顺序为（）A.④②①③B.④③①②C.②①③④D.③②④①【答案】A【解析】【详解】②③④实质均为原电池装置；③中Fe为正极，被保护；②④中Fe为负极，均被腐蚀；但相对来说，Fe和Cu的金属活动性差别较Fe和Sn的差别大，故Fe—Cu原电池中的Fe 被腐蚀得更快；①中不能构成原电池，仅发生化学腐蚀反应。

所以铁被腐蚀速率由快到慢的顺序为：④②①③；故选A。

6.将一定量纯净的A置于特制的密闭真空容器中(假设容器体积不变，固体试样体积忽略不计)，在恒定温度下使其达到分解平衡：A(s)−−→←−−2B(g)+C(g)+D(g)。

不能判断该分解反应已经达到化学平衡状态的是A.v正(B)＝2v逆(C)B.密闭容器中总压强不变C.密闭容器中混合气体的密度不变D.密闭容器中气体B的体积分数不变【答案】D【解析】【分析】2B(g)+C(g)+D(g)的条件是恒温恒容，特点是气体减少。

在此认识基础上根据反应A(s)化学平衡状态的定义和特征可对各选项作出判断。

＝2v逆(C)，故可判断，A选项不【详解】A.B和C的计量数之比为2：1，所以平衡时v正(B)符合题意；B.该反应气体减少，恒温恒容时压强会随平衡移动而改变，所以，密闭容器中总压强不变可判断反应已经达到平衡状态，B选项不符合题意；C.ρ=m/V，该反应体系体积不变，但气体的质量会随平衡的移动而改变，即气体的密度会随平衡的移动而改变，所以，容器中混合气体的密度不变可判断反应已经达到平衡状态，C选项不符合题意；D.该反应体系气体B、C、D的物质的量比值恒定，为2：1：1，即密闭容器中气体B的体积分数始终不变，故B的体积分数不能用于判断反应是否达到平衡状态，D选项符合题意；答案选D。

v逆；各物质含量不变；其它表现：看该量是【点睛】判断可逆反应是否达到平衡的方法：v正=否随平衡移动而改变，是则可用与判断可逆反应是否达到平衡。

7.下列装置或操作能达到目的的是A.装置用于测定生成氢气的速率B.装置依据单位时间内颜色变化来比较浓度对反应速率的影响C.装置依据U型管两边液面的高低判断钠和水反应的热效应D.装置依据出现浑浊的快慢比较温度对反应速率的影响【答案】C【解析】【详解】A.长颈漏斗没有液封，会漏气，不能用于测定生成氢气的速率，A选项不符合题意；B.应使KMnO4溶液的浓度相同，H2C2O4溶液的浓度不同。

紫色的KMnO4溶液的浓度不同，无法依据单位时间内颜色变化来比较浓度对反应速率的影响，B选项不符合题意；C.如果U型管两边液面出现高低不同，说明气体广口瓶温度发生变化，从而判断钠和水反应的热效应，C选项符合题意；D.两装置除水温度不同外，Na2S2O3溶液浓度、硫酸溶液的浓度均不同，变量控制错误，不能达到实验目的，D选项不符合题意；答案选C。

【点睛】试剂探究实验时，应控制好变量，使与探究目标无关的变量固定不变，排除它们对探究目标的影响。

8.某小组为研究电化学原理，设计如图装置．下列叙述不正确的是A.a和b不连接时，铁片上会有金属铜析出B.a和b用导线连接时，铜片上发生的反应为：Cu2++2e-=CuC.无论a和b是否连接，铁片均会溶解D.a和b用导线连接后，Fe片上发生还原反应，溶液中的Cu2+向铜电极移动【答案】D【解析】【详解】A．a和b不连接时，铁片和硫酸铜溶液之间发生化学反应，铁能将金属铜从其盐中置换出来，所以铁片上会有金属铜析出，故A正确；B．a和b用导线连接时，形成了原电池，铜作正极，发生的反应为：Cu2++2e-=Cu，故B正确；C．a和b不连接时，铁片和硫酸铜溶液之间发生化学反应，铁能将金属铜从其盐中置换出来，a和b用导线连接时，形成了原电池，加快了铁将金属铜从其盐中置换出来的速度，无论a和b是否连接，铁片均会溶解，故C正确；D．a和b用导线连接后，是原电池，Fe片为负极，发生氧化反应，溶液中的Cu2＋向铜电极移动，故D错误；答案为D。

9.常温下，将除去表面氧化膜的Al、Cu片插入浓HNO3中组成原电池(图1)，测得原电池的电流强度(I)随时间(t)的变化如图2所示，反应过程中有红棕色气体产生。

下列说法错误的是（）A.0~t1时，原电池的负极是Al片NO +2H++e−=NO2↑+H2OB.0~t1时，正极的电极反应式是3C.t1后，原电池的正、负极发生互变D.t1后，正极上每得到0.3mol电子，则负极质量减少2.7g【答案】D【解析】【分析】0~t1时，铝为原电池的负极，铜为正极，到t1时，铝在浓硝酸中钝化后不再反应，此时铜又成了原电池的负极。

【详解】0~t1时，铝为原电池的负极，铜为正极，到t1时，铝在浓硝酸中钝化后不再反应，此时铜又成了原电池的负极。

A、0~t1时，原电池的负极是Al片，故A正确；B、0~t1时，硝酸根离子在正极得电子生成红棕色气体NO2，正极的电极反应式是NO3－+2H++e−=NO2↑+H2O，故B正确；C、t1后，铝发生钝化，铜作负极，所以，电池的正、负极发生互变，故C正确；D、t1后，铜是负极，每有0.3mol电子发生转移，就有0.15mol铜失去电子，负极质量减少9.6g，故D错误。

故选D。

【点睛】本题考查原电池原理，通过图象判断不同时刻原电池的正负极为解答本题的关键，也是易错点。

10.根据能量变化示意图，下列热化学方程式正确的是()A.N 2(g)＋3H 2(g)===2NH 3(g)ΔH ＝－(b －a)kJ·mol －1B.N 2(g)＋3H 2(g)===2NH 3(g)ΔH ＝－(a －b)kJ·mol －1C.2NH 3(l)===N 2(g)＋3H 2(g)ΔH ＝2(a ＋b －c)kJ·mol －1D.2NH 3(l)===N 2(g)＋3H 2(g)ΔH ＝2(b ＋c －a)kJ·mol －1【答案】D【解析】【详解】由图可知，12N 2（g）+32H 2（g）=NH 3（g）△H=（a-b）kJ•mol -1，12N 2（g）+32H 2（g）=NH 3（l）△H=（a-b-c）kJ•mol -1；A.结合以上分析可知：N 2（g）+3H 2（g）=2NH 3（g）△H=-2（b-a）kJ•mol -1，故A 错误；B．结合以上分析可知：N 2（g）+3H 2（g）=2NH 3（g）△H═-2（b-a）kJ•mol -1，故B 错误；C．物质的量与热量成正比、互为可逆反应的焓变的数值相同而符号相反，则2NH 3（1）=N 2（g）+3H 2（g）△H=2（-a+b+c）kJ•mol -1，故C 错误；D．结合选项C 可知，2NH 3（1）=N 2（g）+3H 2（g）△H=2（b+c-a）kJ•mol -1，故D 正确；故选D。