中考英语名词专项练习(附答案)

中考英语名词专项练习（附答案）教学目标：名词用法一、教学内容：中考名词考点总结及练习一、名词介绍1.名词分类专有名词：表示人、地方、事物、机构和组织名称。

Lucy, China, the Great Wall普通名词：A.可数：个体 dictionary,pencil,chair,window,table,book,bike,ball集体名词 family,police,class,group,teamB.不可数：物质，物质名词表示构成各种物体的物质或材料，rice,glass,porridge, paper,air,wood,wheat,steel抽象，表示状态、品质、行为和感情等抽象概念Knowledge, danger,health, life, homework2.名词变复数一般：加-s, cakes, days,students,beds以-s,-x,-sh,-ch结尾名词，加-es, buses, boxes, watches以辅音字母加-y结尾，变y为i,加-es, baby-babies, city-cities, country-countries 以元音字母加y结尾，加-s, toy-toys,monkey-monkeys以f(fe)结尾，变f(fe)为ves, leaf-leaves, wolf-wolves, life-lives以ce,se,ze,(d)ge结尾，加-s, face-faces, orange-oranges不规则变化：改变单数名词中的元音字母，man-men woman-women, foot-feet, tooth-teeth 单复数形式相同，fish-fish, sheep-sheep,deer-deer, Chinese-Chinese其他其他形式，mouse-mice国别：以o结尾名词，加es, negro, hero, tomato,potato名词作定语变复数：1) 用复数作定语。

例如：sports meeting 运动会 students reading-room 学生阅览室 talks table 谈判桌 the foreign languages department 外语系2） man, woman, gentleman等作定语时，其单复数以所修饰的名词的单复数而定。

例如： men workers women teachers gentlemen officials3）有些原有s结尾的名词，作定语时，s保留。

例如：goods train （货车） arms produce 武器生产customs papers 海关文件 clothes brush 衣刷4）数词+名词作定语时，这个名词一般保留单数形式。

例如：two-dozen eggs 两打鸡蛋 a ten-mile walk 十英里路two-hundred trees 两百棵树 a five-year plan. 一个五年计划3.不可数名词的数：数词或冠词+量词+of+不可数名词，量词可单复数，但of 后的名词只用原形，如a piece of paper, a drop of water, two cups of tea4.名词所有格：’s和of 形式。

’s 形式表示有生命的东西，of所有格用来表示无生命的东西my brother’s book the windows of the room两个并列单数名词表示两者共有时，在最后一个名词后加’sThis is Mary and her sister’s bedroom.Lily and Lucy’s mother is a nurse.如果表示两者分别有，那么两个词都要加’sThese are Tom’s and Mary’s bags.如果以s结尾名词，其后加’,其他形式加’sTeachers’ Day Children’s Day店铺、医院名称加’s, at the doctor’ssomeone,everybody,no one和else, 在else后加’s, 如 somebody else’s pencil表示时间，距离，国家，城市等无生命的东西的名词，可以在词尾加’s 或’来构成所有格。

A. 用于时间An hour’s rideB. 用于度量Thirteen tons’ weightC.用于价值A hundred yuan’s orderD. 用于天体The earth’s satelliteE. 用于国家Belgium’s capitalF. 用于城市The Ural’s industry5.双重所有格：of+名词所有格，of+名词性物主代词表示部分概念，of短语修饰的名词前通常有表示数量的限定词，如：a，an，one，two，some，several，a few，many，any，no等。

This is a picture of mine.这是我的一张照片。

双重所有格与of所有格的不同。

如：He is a friend of your father's.他是你父亲的一个朋友。

（强调你父亲的朋友不止一个）He is a friend of your father.他是你父亲的朋友。

（强调他对你父亲的友好）6.名词转化某些名词后加y变形容词，表示“充满…的”，cloud-cloudy, sun-sunny某些名词后加ful变形容词，表示“…性质的”，use-useful, care-careful部分表示人的名词后加ly变形容词，具有赞美意味。

Friend-friendly, lovely某些名词后加less表示没有，careless, useless二、名词用法作主语，English is useful.做定语，paper tigers, work places做宾语，She learns Chinese hard every day.做表语，Tom is my good friend.做宾语补足语， They chose the boy monitor.三、既是可数又是不可数名词的意义不同:Work工作-a work著作，glass玻璃-a glass玻璃杯，paper纸-a paper报纸，文件，试卷Tea茶-a tea一种茶，wood木头-a wood小树林，room空间-a room空间非复数：physics, maths, politics, news表示由两部分构成的东西，如：glasses （眼镜）trousers,clothes等，若表达具体数目，要借助数量词pair（对，双）;suit（套）; a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers等。

当物质名词表示该物质的种类时，可数。

例如：This factory produces steel.（不可数）We need various steels.（可数）当物质名词表示份数时，可数。

例如：Our country is famous for tea. 我国因茶叶而闻名。

Two teas, please. 请来两杯茶。

The girl was washing greens.Our returns are not as good as before.Please hand in your papers at once.Mary lost her good looks when she was old.四、名词动词化1. Don’t brother me.2. Don’t sir me!3. The dog nosed the door open.4. He mouthed down a piece of cake.三、课堂练习：填空：Japanese_________, Frenchman_________, American__________, Egyptian_________ German__________, Australian___________, potato__________, tomato__________photo________, piano________, kangaroo_________, bamboo_________woman driver__________, apple tree_________2.把下列名词变为形容词wind_______有风的，rain________有雨的，dirt_______脏的，health_______健康的，help________有帮助的，joy________十分喜悦的，brother________兄弟般的hope_______没希望的，fear________无畏的单选：1. –Hi，Tom. Could you help me cut up the meat for dumplings?--Ok, Mom. But where is the___?A. knifeB. forkC. spoonD. chopsticks2. I was not at home when the___brought the package, so I’ll have to get it myself at the post office.A. bus driverB. mail carrierC. police officerD. shopkeeper3. Why not go to the Great Wall this Saturday?—I’m afraid it’s not a good__. Many of us have been there.A. placeB. dayC. planD. idea4. When we saw Liu Xiang’s face, we knew__was bad.A. some newsB. a newsC. the newsD. news5. A group of__will visit the museum tomorrow.A. HungarianB. AutralianC. JapaneseD. American6. I wonder why___are interested in action films.A.peopleB.peoplesC. the peopleD. the peoples7.Let’s meet at 7:30 outside the gate of___.A. the People’s ParkB. the Peoples’ ParkC. the People ParkD. People’s Park8. The farmer raised ten___.A. sheepsB.deersC. horseD. cows9. They got much___from those new books.A. ideasB. photosC. informationD.stories10. –What would you like to drink, girls?--_____, please.A. Two cup of coffeeB. Two cups of coffeesC. Two cups of coffeeD. Two cup of coffees11. Today is September 10th. I t’s___Day. Let’s go and buy some flowers for our teacher.A. TeachersB. Teachers’C. the teachers’D. Teacher’s12. There are about 50__in our school.A. women doctorsB. women teachersC. woman teachersD. woman workers13. My mother bought me___last Saturday.A.two trousersB. two pair of trousersC. two pairs of trousersD. two pairs trousers14. I want to have a __with you about the problem.Sure.A. funB. wordC. playD.rest15. ____is nice and clean.A. The air todayB. The today airC. The air of todayD. The air阅读与填空：What's the real meaning of the word "peace" ? The 1 story may tell us something about it.There was once a king who offered an award to an artist who could paint the 2 picture of peace. Many 3 tried. The king looked at all the pictures.But there were only two he really liked and he had to choose between them.One picture was a calm lake. The lake was a perfect thing for peace because of the high mountains around it. Overhead was a blue sky with white clouds. 4 who saw this picture thought that it was a perfect picture of peace.The other picture had mountains too. But they were rugged (高低不平的). Above was the dark sky, from which heavy rain fell. A waterfall was rushing down the side of the mountain. This did not look 5 at all. But when the king looked 6 , he found behind the waterfall a very small bush 7 in the midst 在….中) of the waterfall and a mother bird sitting on her nest (鸟窝) in perfect peace.The king gave the award to the artist who painted the 8 picture. Why? "Because," explained the king, "peace does not mean 9 in a place where there is no 10 , no trouble or hard work. Peace means in the midst of all those things, you're still calm in your heart. That's the real meaning of peace. "阅读：In 1620, about half the USA was covered by forests．Today the forests have almost gone．A lot of good land has gone with them, leaving only sand．China doesn't want to copy the USA's example．We're planting more and more trees．We've built the " Great Green Wall" of trees across northern part of our country. The Great Green Wall is 7,000 kilometres long, and between 400 and 1,700 kilometres wide. It will stop the wind fromblowing the earth away. It will stop the sand from moving towards the rich farmland in the south．More "Great Green Walls" are needed. Trees must be grown all over the world. Great Green Walls will make the world better．根据短文内容，选择正确答案。