中考英语任务型阅读题型分析及复习策略

中考英语任务型阅读题型分析及复习策略

2001年，我国教育部颁发的《英语新课程标准》倡导任务型的教学模式，要求教师依据课程的总体目标并结合教学内容，灵活地和有创造性地使用教材，设计贴近学生实际的教学活动，吸引和组织他们积极参与，并在此过程中培养学生用英语解决实际问题的能力，让学生学会用英语“做事”。任务型教学中包含的一个很重要的组成部分就是任务型阅读。新课程背景下英语中考命题以全面地考查学生的综合语言运用能力为宗旨，特别是要考查学生在具体情境中运用英语知识与技能的能力。任务型阅读正是新课程改革精神在中考中的体现。

一、什么是“任务型阅读”

任务型阅读是“阅读理解”的另一种形式，考查学生归纳概括能力和语篇结构理解能力。其内容涉及广泛，要求学生在阅读理解的基础上，完成一项任务或解决一个问题。所以“任务型阅读”是介于阅读理解和写作之间，其任务已不同于阅读理解中的选择题或书面表达，而是在理解文字的基础上，完成相应的图表或文字练习，从而有效地测试学生用英语“做事”的能力。

二、“任务型阅读”题型分析

任务型阅读主要考查学生收集信息、整理信息的能力，是对语言应用能力的考查，是培养学生阅读兴趣的一种很好的题型。它考查的题型多样，可以是翻译句子，也可以是改写句子，可以是填写表格，也可以是回答问题。根据对任务设计的要求不同可将其分为三类：

1．阅读选择配对

根据阅读材料中所提供的语言信息找出与题意要求相匹配的选项。这种选择题和四选一的题目不同,可以是选择句子或图片。做题时可以从易到难,抓住关键词,从文章中找出符合要求的对应关系。

例1：下面是五张卡片，分别要送给五个人，他（她）们的个人信息已提供在图片下面．请你仔细阅读卡片内容和人物信息，在每张卡片的横线上填上正确的人名。

Mary is in hospital.

Simon is working in another city for four weeks.

John has just started a new job.

Karen will start her final exams next week.

Ann cleaned her friend's house when her friend was on holiday.

2.阅读填写词语

根据短文或表格所提供的语言信息，以填写词语的方式完成文后各题，其形式主要有回答问题、完成句子、补全信息、填写表格、制定各种规则等。这种题目中所填的词或词组往往具有很高的概括性和准确性，因此,考生必须认真阅读材料,尽可能地从短文中找到所要填写的词语｡

例2：阅读下面短文，完成信息卡：

According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC)(疾病控制预防中心)，if you don’t often wash your hands, you can pick up viruses(病菌) from many places and make yourself ill. You’re at risk every time you touch your eyes, nose or mouth. In fact, one of the most common ways people catch colds is by rubbing their noses or their eyes when there are cold viruses on their hands. If you don’t often wash your hands, especially when you’re sick, you may spread the viruses directly to others, You should wash your hands in the following situations:

After using the bathroom.

After blowing your nose or coughing.

Before eating, serving or preparing food.

After toughing pets or other animals.

After visiting anyone who is sick.

When your hands are dirty.

There’s right way to wash your hands. Follow these simple steps to keep your hands clean.

Use warm water(not cold or hot).

Wash for 15 seconds.

Rinse(冲洗)well under warm running water and dry them with a clean towel.

Information Card

Way to protest against(防止) the spread of illness

(1) .

Correct way to wash your hands

Use running water which is (2) .

Situations in which you must wash your hands

After using the (3) .

Before having (4) .

After visiting (5) people.

Time needed to wash your hands

(6) .

3．阅读改写句子

这种题目要求考生在阅读材料的基础上,根据命题要求,改写文中划线的句子,或将文中的某一个句子译成英语等。这一形式涉及到写，就应当特别注意书写规范、拼写无误、语法正确等。

例3：阅读下面的短文，按要求完成各题。

If you think you're too shy and want to be a little bit braver, try the following. You can make it.

There's no need to hide it. When they get to know you are a shy kid, they'll understand you better. This also helps you feel more at ease in talks.

When you smile, people think you are friendly and easy to talk to. Re- member that other people have feelings too and most people will stay away from an angry-looking face.

If you find it hard to start talks, say something nice about people around you. Think about how great you feel when someone says something nice to you. Doesn't it make you want to keep talking to that person?

Get your attention elsewhere. Think more about ways to enjoy the party or the game. Don't waste time worrying about your looks or whether people like you or not.

Each time after you say "hi" or smile at someone for the first time, say to yourself "I did it"! Or it could be something bigger, like buying yourself an ice cream.

Keep trying and one day you'll never be "shy" when you talk to others.

1. This also helps you feel more at ease in talks. (选择可以替换划线部分短语的选项)

A. relaxed

B. interested

C. nervous

2．Most people will stay away from an angry-looking face.