附录52 英文科技论文写作参考文献
英文科技论文写作第四课致谢和参考文献
The Waste Land
I. THE BURIAL OF THE DEAD APRIL is the cruelest month, breeding Lilacs out of the dead land, mixing … With a shower of rain; we stopped in the colonnade, And went on in sunlight, into the Hofgarten, And drank coffee, and talked for an hour.
➢Numbering starts over at the beginning of each chapter.
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英文科技论文写作第四课致谢和参 考文献
英文科技论文写作第四课致谢和参 考文献
In-text notes (author-date system)
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➢consist of : the author's last name the publication date of the work, (both enclosed in parentheses). e.g. (Wiebe 1993) (Fleming and Levie 1993)
➢Occasionally two distinct series of footnotes are required: an author’s notes and a translator’s or editor‘s notes. Use asterisks （星号） and a different typeface（字体） for the translator's or editor's notes which should be marked with appropriated abbreviations (trans, or Ed.):
一篇英语科技文献摘要范文
一篇英语科技文献摘要范文Title: The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on HealthcareAbstract:Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been revolutionizing various industries, and healthcare is no exception. This paper explores the impact of AI on healthcare, includingits benefits and challenges. AI technologies such as machine learning, natural language processing, and robotics have the potential to improve patient care, diagnosis, treatment, and operational efficiency in healthcare settings. However, the integration of AI in healthcare also raises ethical, privacy, and security concerns. This paper discusses both the positive and negative implications of AI in healthcare and provides recommendations for future research and development in this field.中文：标题：人工智能对医疗保健的影响摘要：人工智能（AI）已经在各个行业进行革命性改变，医疗保健行业也不例外。
本文探讨了人工智能对医疗保健的影响，包括其益处和挑战。
英文文献科技类原文及翻译（电子电气自动化通信…）50
目录1译文 (1)2原文 (7)1参考文献译文绿色创想建筑商计划提供了节能解决方案与行业认可的新住房平均相比，绿色畅想建筑商计划旨在降低家用能源和水的想好，减少排放。
该项目创新性地结合了建筑科学和高品质的产品，在帮助建筑商和开发商建造舒适型住房的同时，降低房屋对环境的影响。
随着生活费用的不断上涨，悦来愈多的人开始考虑将环保技术纳入新住房当中。
与行业认可的新住房陪你冠军水瓶相比，依照GE绿色创想建筑商计划所建造的房屋每年客减少20%的能耗与室内用水量，并且使生活用气排放量减少20%。
对于一套面积为2500平方英尺的住房而言，该计划每年可使购房者减少600至1500美元的电费和水费。
自该计划于2007年5月启动以来，整个美国与加拿大的建筑商与开发商纷纷申请建造绿色创想式房屋，其中包括德州西斯顿峡谷们的社区开发商。
按照绿色畅想计划正在开发的首个峡谷么社区被称为Discovery Companies，预计将于2008年夏季开盘。
加拿大的Fi的零售税环保想象住房计划推出在2007年9月，GE加拿大与波尔多发展组织签订计划，决定在位于加拿大阿尔伯他省卡尔加里西部的社区Rocky View实施加拿大首个绿色创想建筑商计划。
这块地区60多年来，一直有当地的一个牧民家庭所有，长期以来除了放养家畜之外始终难以用于其他用途。
迫于地区发展的强大压力，这个家庭决定对这块土地进行开发。
当这家人了解到如何最邮箱的进行地产开发之后，开始认真考虑如何处理这篇土地。
其中，家庭价值、对环境的保护意识以及社区精神都称为了需要考虑的关键问题。
实施证明，将GE的绿色创想建筑商计划与波尔多发展组织的环境可持续发展战略相结合是非常成功的。
规划中的面积为1750英亩的混用型绿色创想建筑商和谐开发项目见那个进行客持续开发，其中包括关于有效实用土地的创新性环保计划。
竣工使，此开放项目将建筑起3500所住房和衣架保健中心、一个27洞国际高尔夫球场、一所学校和一篇商业用地。
外文文献 科技 翻译及原文52
外文文献译文 (1)外文文献原文 (14)译文工业以太网与智能建筑1 工业以太网产生的背景(1) 统一现场总线标准成为泡影，诱惑依然1984年美国着手制定现场总线国际标准，若干年以来，世界各大公司为了商业的利益，现场总线标准始终不能统一。
通过多次投票、协商，2000年1月宣布的现场总线国际标准IEC61158将八种总线（Profibus，Interbus，P-NET，Worldfip等）同时列为国际标准（目前已达10种），形成一个妥协的结果。
同时，国外各大公司又推出了自己的标准，如LONWORKS、CAN、日本三菱、法国Schneider等，目前多种总线的标准同时存在的局面依然存在，人们所说的开放性和互操作性只能在同一种总线标准下实现，不同标准总线之间仍然受到限制。
不同总线之间的互联性得不到保证，因此人们在努力寻求一种统一标准的现场总线，有人提出了采用TCP/IP协议的以太网。
(2) 系统集成的需求①工业自动化的管控一体化企业信息化是我国的国策，以制造自动化及信息化为例：在需要改变业务流程度的同时，将管理信息系统与电子商务、分散的网络化制造加以集成，把现有的企业资源ERP改造成为基于WEB的应用系统。
目前工业自动化已从单机自动化、工厂自动化，向系统自动化发展，底层的信息要集成到上层的信息网上以实现管控一体化。
现代化生产系统为一个多层的工业控制系统，一般分为三层：• 设备层联接检测设备和执行机构；• 控制层从现场设备取得数据，完成各种控制，监测运行参数，报警和历史趋势分析等；• 信息层将控制系统的各种数据加工后传至上级管理网络（TCP/IP以太网），以便实现管控一体化。
②智能建筑的系统集成城市信息化、数字化的发展、智能建筑（包括智能化住宅小区），已成为数字化城市的信息站点，要实现信息共享，必须实现控制网与信息网的纵向集成，即控制网与TCP/IP的以太网集成。
各子系统（空调、给排水、供电……）由控制网互联再经网关接入TCP/IP以太网，或者各子系统经网关直接接入TCP/IP以太网。
英语论文参考文献(全英文版)
英语论文参考文献（全英文版）英语论文参考文献（全英文版）关键词：英文版，参考文献，英语论文英语论文参考文献（全英文版）简介：参考文献是英文类学术论文、研究报告中不可缺少的一部分，不可随意“从略”，更不可马虎了事或错误百出，很多作者在引用英文参考文献时，会出现引用不当、格式错误等问题，为大家分享正确的英语论文参考文献格式及范例。
一、英文论文参考文献格式要求英文参考文献与中文参考文献的格式英语论文参考文献（全英文版）内容：参考文献是英文类学术论文、研究报告中不可缺少的一部分，不可随意“从略”，更不可马虎了事或错误百出，很多作者在引用英文参考文献时，会出现引用不当、格式错误等问题，为大家分享正确的英语论文参考文献格式及范例。
一、英文论文参考文献格式要求英文参考文献与中文参考文献的格式要求基本相同，但写英文参考文献要注意一点，外文作者姓名的着录格式采用姓在前（全拼，首字母大写），名在后（缩写为首字母），中间用空格；着作类文献题名的实词首字母大写，期刊文献题名的首词首字母大写，期刊名称请用全称，勿用缩写。
具体如下：1、单一作者着作的书籍姓，名字首字母.(年). 书名(斜体). 出版社所在城市：出版社.如：Sheril, R. D.(1956). The terrifying future: Contemplating color television. San Diego:Halstead.2、两位作者以上合着的书籍姓，名字首字母., 姓，名字首字母.(年). 书名(斜体). 出版社所在城市：出版社.如：Smith, J., Peter, Q. (1992).Hairball: An intensive peek behind the surface of an enigma. Hamilton, ON:McMaster University Press.3、文集中的如：Mcdonalds, A.(1993). Practical methods for the apprehension and sustained containment ofsupernatural entities. In G. L. Yeager (Ed.), Paranormal and occult studies:Case studies in application (pp. 42–64). London: OtherWorld Books.4、期刊中的(非连续页码)如：Crackton, P.(1987). The Loonie: God's long-awaited gift to colourful pocket change?Canadian Change, 64(7), 34–37.5、期刊中的(连续页码)：姓，名字首字母.(年). 题目. 期刊名(斜体). 第几期，页码.如：Rottweiler, F. T., Beauchemin, J. L. (1987). Detroit and Narnia: Two foes on the brink ofdestruction. Canadian/American Studies Journal, 54, 66–146.6、月刊杂志中的如：Henry, W. A., III.(1990, April 9). Making the grade in today's schools. Time, 135, 28-31.二、英文论文参考文献范例。
关于英语写作的参考文献
关于英语写作的参考文献**The Essence and Selection of Reference Materials in English Writing**In the realm of academic writing, the significance of reference materials cannot be overstated. These materials serve as the backbone of any research paper, dissertation, or essay, providing credibility, depth, and context to the writer's arguments. The careful selection and citation of references are crucial to ensuring the academic integrity and quality of the final product.**一、The Importance of References in English Writing** **1. Credibility and Authority**References are the lifeblood of academic writing. They validate the writer's claims, providing evidence and support for assertions made in the text. By citing reliable and authoritative sources, writers establish thecredibility of their work, ensuring that their arguments are backed by reliable evidence.**2. Depth and Breadth of Knowledge**References allow writers to delve deeper into a subject, exploring various perspectives and viewpoints. Byconsulting a range of sources, writers can gain a more comprehensive understanding of a topic, ensuring that their writing is全面而深入。
中英文学术论文参考文献范例
中英文学术论文参考文献一、中英文学术论文期刊参考文献[1].研究生中英文学术论文写作课程的构建.《学术探索》.被北京大学《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录PKU.被南京大学《核心期刊目录》收录CSSCI.2012年10期.姜玉宇.[2].评价理论框架下中英文学术书评的态度资源对比分析.《吉林工程技术师范学院学报》.2014年3期.邢丹丹.[3].社会标签的规范性研究——学术博客标注.《情报资料工作》.被北京大学《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录PKU.被南京大学《核心期刊目录》收录CSSCI.2011年6期.吴丹.杨艳.马曦.[4].学术期刊中约定俗成规范——论文基金资助项目中英文标注表述形式浅析.《中国科技期刊研究》.被中信所《中国科技期刊引证报告》收录ISTIC.被北京大学《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录PKU.被南京大学《核心期刊目录》收录CSSCI.2011年3期.刘大乾.[5].《中国学术期刊影响因子年报2011年版》发布《饲料工业》杂志下载量等各项指标持续增长.《饲料工业》.被中信所《中国科技期刊引证报告》收录ISTIC.被北京大学《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录PKU.2012年1期.[7].航空学报中英文论文双双荣获第五届中国科协期刊优秀学术论文. 《航空学报》.被中信所《中国科技期刊引证报告》收录ISTIC.被EI收录EI.被北京大学《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录PKU.2008年1期.[8].中英学术期刊论文引言章节的体裁对比分析——以材料科学文本在新世纪语境下的实践为个案.《现代语文（语言研究）》.2011年3期.刘杨.二、中英文学术论文参考文献学位论文类[1].中英学术书评礼貌策略对比研究.作者：宋晓云.英语语言文学河北大学2013（学位年度）[2].面向荆楚文化传承的数字出版产业建构研究.作者：刘凯.传播学武汉理工大学2013（学位年度）[3].英汉语言学类书评评价资源对比分析.作者：王雪.外国语言学及应用语言学东北师范大学2009（学位年度）[4].中英文摘要的语体结构对比.被引次数：4作者：王静秋.外国语言学及应用语言学东北师范大学2004（学位年度）[5].英汉应用语言学类学术论文引言体裁结构的对比研究.被引次数：7 作者：冉井芳.外国语言学及应用语言学西南交通大学2006（学位年度）[6].基于评价理论的英汉语言类学术书评对比分析.被引次数：1作者：黄小蕊.英语语言文学华中师范大学2011（学位年度）[7].英汉学术期刊中引用的批评话语分析.作者：方亚云.外国语言学及应用语言学南昌大学2015（学位年度）[8].中英文期刊英语学术论文标题的对比研究.被引次数：2作者：谢韶亮.外国语言学及应用语言学东华大学2008（学位年度）[9].马新的中英文源流东南亚研究及其比较(18001965).作者：廖文辉.专门史厦门大学2009（学位年度）[10].英汉语言学期刊书评元话语对比研究.被引次数：1作者：张赟.外国语言学及应用语言学东南大学2010（学位年度）三、中英文学术论文专著参考文献[1]VisualEPlus—EnergyPlus的中英文图形化界面工具.潘毅群.李歧强.周辉.黄治钟.何宗键，2010全国暖通空调制冷2010年学术年会[2]VisualEPlus——EnergyPlus的中英文图形化界面工具.潘毅群.李歧强.周辉.黄治钟.何宗键，20092009年全国暖通空调专业委员会空调模拟分析学组学术交流会[3]采用中英文信息合参法阅读和审校医学期刊.姚昌绶.彭萌.韦怡.胡肃平.王伯祥，20052005全国中西医结合期刊读者·作者·编者学术交流会[4]H9000V4.0计算机监控系统在缅甸瑞丽江项目中的应用.张捷.文正国.冯迅.张显兵.迟海龙.梁薇.汪华强.陶海涛，2009中国水力发电工程学会信息化专委会2009年学术交流会[5]基于聚合关系的中英文词表概念映射方法及实证.邓盼盼.常春.李晓瑛，20142014年第五届全国知识组织与知识链接学术交流会[6]中华民族热中英文的高榷.张荫民，2004第七次汉字书同文学术研讨会[7]中英文的航行警告接收机.周尧明.蔡志翔，1999中国航海学会1999年度学术交流会[8]开本设计对大学生中英文阅读影响的眼动研究.蒋波.谭顶良，2009第十二届全国心理学学术大会[9]阅读方式与材料类型对认知加工的影响.高淑青.隋雪.韩玉昌，2009第十二届全国心理学学术大会[10]互文性视阈下的中药说明书结构词翻译研究.刘艾娟.都立澜.李晓莉.陈铸芬.翟书娟，2015世界中医药学会联合会翻译专业委员会第六届学术年会。
一篇英语科技文献摘要范文
一篇英语科技文献摘要范文Title: "Advancements in Quantum Computing: Exploring the Frontier of Superposition and Entanglement for Solving Complex Problems"Abstract:Quantum computing, a revolutionary paradigm that harnesses the unique properties of quantum mechanics, has emerged as a promising field with the potential to transform various sectors from materials science to cryptography. This article delves into the recent advancements in quantum computing, focusing on two fundamental principles: superposition and entanglement, and their applications in solving classically intractable problems.First, we provide an overview of the theoretical foundations of quantum computing, emphasizing the concept of a qubit—the quantum equivalent of a classical bit—which can exist in a superposition of states, enabling parallel computation. This inherent parallelism is then leveraged to explain how quantum algorithms, such as Grover's search algorithm and Shor's factorization algorithm, can achieve exponential speedups over their classical counterparts.Next, we explore the realm of quantum entanglement, a phenomenon where the states of two or more quantum particles become intricately linked, such that measurements on one particle instantaneously affect the state of the others, regardless of the distance between them. This non-local correlation is a cornerstone of quantum computing, enabling complex information processing tasks that would be impossible with classical systems.The article then highlights recent experimental breakthroughs in quantum hardware, including the development of more stable and scalable qubit platforms like superconducting qubits, trapped ions, and topological quantum bits. These advancements have paved the way for the realization of quantum processors with increasing numbers of qubits, enabling the execution of increasingly complex quantum circuits.Furthermore, we discuss the challenges and opportunities in quantum error correction, a crucial aspect of realizing fault-tolerant quantum computers capable of executing algorithms with high fidelity. Recent progress in quantum error-correcting codes and their implementation strategies are presented, outlining how they can mitigate the detrimental effects of decoherence and other noise sources in quantum systems.Finally, we explore the potential impact of quantum computing on various industries, including drug discovery, optimization problems, finance, and cryptography. We discuss how quantum algorithms tailored for these domains can unlock new capabilities and drive innovation, while also acknowledging the ethical and societal implications of this technology's development.In conclusion, this article offers a comprehensive overview of the latest advancements in quantum computing, emphasizing the fundamental principles, experimental progress, and potential applications that are poised to reshape our understanding of computation and its impact on society.。
研究生英文科技论文写作——标题、摘要
研究生英文科技论文写作——标题、摘要作者：王冬来源：《科技创新导报》 2014年第12期王冬（黑龙江科技大学学报编辑部哈尔滨 150022）摘要：硕士研究生科技论文写作的不规范性问题严重影响了其科研成果的发表和传播，针对该问题，结合编辑工作实践，阐述了英文标题和摘要的作用和写作注意事项，并给出了部分常用词汇。
关键词：科技论文英文标题摘要写作规范中图分类号:G232文献标识码：A 文章编号：1674-098X(2014)04（c）-0215-02撰写英语科技论文是为了在国际学术刊物或会议上发表研究成果，与国外同行进行学术交流。
不同学术领域和刊物对论文的格式要求不同，但在结构和语言特点上都有许多共性。
专业学术论文的必备结构有：标题（title）、作者（authors）、作者所在单位和地址（organizations and address）、摘要（abstract）、关键词（key words）、正文（body）和参考文献（references）。
有些论文还包含致谢(acknowledgement)和附录(appendix)。
其中，标题和摘要（abstract）能用有限的文字集中反映所研究的内容和突出成果，可以第一时间帮助读者了解论文，决定是否有必要阅读全文。
虽然关于科技论文写作的国家标准和规范[1-2]已出台多年，且各大学均有科技论文写作课程，但笔者在编辑工作中发现，大部分的研究生写作的论文标题和摘要不规范。
因此，笔者根据工作实践简要介绍英文标题和摘要的写作注意事项，以期帮助研究生规范写作科研论文并提高投稿命中率。
1 标题1.1 作用论文标题必须用最简洁的语言概括论文的主要内容，以便读者了解该文的核心观点。
对于一篇文章，读者最先关注的是title部分，并根据该内容来决定是否阅读摘要或全文。
随着网络的发展和各种检索系统的出现，title的作用愈发凸显。
如果标题的主题词选择不当，那它可能会丧失被检索的机会；或者标题不能在第一时间吸引读者，那它很可能就被浩如烟海的文章淹没，从而失去了传播该文研究成果的机会。
英语学术论文写作参考文献格式
ex. Clark, C., et al. “The Relationship between Executive Functional Abilities, Adaptive Behavior, and Academic Achievement in Children with Externalizing Behavior Problems.” Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 43.6 (2002): 785-96.
添加标题
Format for
添加标题
----periodicals
添加标题
"Work Cited"\ “References"
添加标题
\ "Bibliography"
Format for "Work Cited"(MLA)
General order: Name of author(.)+ "title of article(.)”+ name of periodical+ volume number(.)issue number +date of publication or work(.)+city of publication(:)+year of publication(.)
附录：英文参考文献
附录Brief Introduction Of ASP1.ASP Language BasicsActive Server Pages (ASP) is a proven, well-established technology for building dynamic Web applications, which provides the power and flexibility you need to create anything from a personal, Web based photo gallery to a complete catalogue and shopping cart system for your next eCommerce project。
One unique feature of ASP is that it lets you choose your favourite scripting language, be it JavaScript or VBScript; however, VBScript is by far the most popular choice. In this article, I'll bring you up to speed on the basic syntax of the VBScript language, including variables, operators, and control structures.Server-Side ScriptingTo understand where ASP fits into the big picture of Web development, you need to understand the concept of a server-side scripting language. If you've programmed Web pages in Perl, PHP, JSP, or Cold Fusion before, you can safely skip this section – all of those are server-side scripting languages, and ASP works in much the same way. If you're coming to ASP armed only with knowledge of HTML (and perhaps with some CSS and/or JavaScript experience) then you'll find that server-side scripting is quite a bit different.Let me begin by giving you a quick review of how standard, non-ASP Web pages work. As shown in Figure 1, the Web browser on the client computer (the computer belonging to the user) makes a request for a page, say file.html (1). Assuming the requested file exists on the Web host computer where the Web Server software can find it, that software replies to the request by sending the file back to the browser (2). Any additional files (images, for example) required to display the page are requested and received in the same way. The protocol used for this exchange, and indeed for all communication between Web browsers and Web servers is called Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP).If you've ever used any JavaScript in your pages, you know that the requested Web page (file.html) can contain, in addition to plain HTML code, small programs written in JavaScript. These programs, or scripts, are read and executed by the Web browser while the page isdisplayed in the browser. So the Web browser must understand not only how to read HTML and display textand images, but it must also be able to run JavaScript programs appearing inside Web pages. This arrangement, where the Web browser runs the script after receiving it from the Web server, is called client-side scripting. The name makes sense – all of the script runs on the client-side – the right-hand side of Figure 1. The Web server is completely oblivious to whether the file it is sending contains a script or not; it’s all up to the browser (the client) to handle execution of the script.ASP fits into a different category of technologies, called server-side scripting, where it is no longer the browser running on the client that is responsible for running the script; instead, it is the Web server that runs the script. This process is illustrated in Figure 2. As before, the Web browser requests a file (1). In this case, however, the filename ends with .asp (file.asp, for example), branding it as a file containing an ASP script that needs to be processed by the server. The server recognizes this, and instead of directly sending the requested file back to the browser, it sends the file to the ASP scripting engine (2). The engine is a component of the Web server software that can interpret ASP scripts and output the results as HTML. The trick here is that any given script can output different HTML each time it is run, so what comes out of the ASP engine can be different for each client (browser) request. That dynamically generated page is then sent to the browser in response to its request (3), in exactly the same way as the static page was sent in the previous example.Just as when the page contained client-side JavaScript and the server was completely unaware of this fact, when the page contains server-side ASP script, the browser does not know this at all. The ASP code contained in the page is interpreted and converted to plain HTML by the ASP engine before the browser gets to see it; so as far as the browser is concerned an ASP page looks just like any normal Web page. All the work is done on the server-side; thus the name, server-side scripting.2．Definition and characteristic of ASPASP is a abbreviation of English APPLICATION SERVICE PROVIDER, usually Chinese is translated into a application service provider, it mean that disposes, leases and manages the solution of using, specialized service company providing service for commerce , individual. Say ASP whether one business lease mode , enterprise user can rent computer andsoftware system of ASP manage one's own business directly popular, so long as any user has network browser, can rent the software needed to ASP , needn't install this software on the machine here . Thus a large sum of is used in the fund that IT products technology bought and operated sparingly. Someone think ASP may INTERNET third " killer magnitudes of application " (the first E-mail, the second is WEB)Generally speaking, ASP has the characteristics of five respects:(1), ASP regards using as the business core, namely ASP offers the visit and management to using to customer;(2)ASP is it lease application service of form to offer to customer, customer enterprise needn't make extensive investment in such aspects as equipment , software , personnel for his application demand , wrap up to ASP enterprises.(3), ASP carry on centralized management, namely ASP is it carry on centralized management in one in the center position generally to serve, the customer carries on the application that the remote access needs through Internet;(4), ASP, to a lot of customer services, ASP offers a set of standardization to use the bag , offers specialized application service for a lot of different customers, borrow this application cost of customer's enterprises of reducing;(5), ASP and customer offer the corresponding service according to the contract, from the point of view of customer, ASP whether one offer relevant service according to customer agreement content, is it use service organization that service of the system may run to guarantee.3．pluses and minuses of ASP1, Realize scale merit. Have software ownership of hardwares and right to use and traditional application facilitator to offer the one-to-one service mode with traditional users differently, ASP has ownership of application systems, users have right to use, use the system to concentrate on putting in the data centre of ASP, centralized management, disperse and use, regard form of lease of more than one pair as numerous users and offer the application technological service of the quality assurance, realize scale merit.2, The foreseeable expenses to user , stinting on expenses, can make sure to spend the little money and do the large undertaking . Because save the previous expenses which are bought software and hardware ,etc., users can rent more advanced application software . Charge of ASP to is it take according to type , guest of software degree , user quantity , service time limit is it make to come to make, this sum of expenses can be predicted to customer.3, Convenient upgrading of customer's application software.4, Reducing in the customer , the qualified personnel of IT lack the influence brought. The customer of ASP staff utilize the browser to enter relevant application software, simple and easy to use, do not need professional technical support.5, Help users to realize fast various kinds of are used and served , ASP trader has ability to combine resources of various fields, can offer the necessary solution to user in a short time . For example, typical ERP installation, time when if want in customer end installation to take from half a year to two years, but some ASP traders of U.S.A. can offer ERP application scheme within 90-120 days such as USI and CORIO.6, Service of professional lines. Some ASP traders offer vertical application service , offers service of using to one specific trade.7, Strong expansibility. ASP has strong expansion nature, can realize connecting with many kinds of networks , hardware equipment one : Insert enterprises long-rangly through the special-purpose communication line; Provide service for the long-range dialing customer through the long-range dialing server; Serve customer of Internet of the cellular telephone through WAP.8, ASP most heavy shortcoming lie in security and dependability of network, enterprise deal in data set free at the open platform, the greatest worry is how to guarantee these data are not destroyed by other people .9, Because of what ASP is offered being a service for more than, so some special demands of users' are very difficult to be satisfied.10, In realize ERP advanced ASP when using , user is it offer central management materials to need, need ASP trader to have very high credit degree.11, Lacking the sector standard that can be followed together, ASP is returned the place on the initial stage of developing, everybody is different in understanding of it, for instance the products and service standard, expenses standard ,etc., are unfavorable to the sound development of the trade.3．ASP prospect1, Market predictionHow big during the following two or three years ASP , this market , is, there is different prediction in different organizations!, wrap up IDC , GartnerGroup, Forrester ,etc.. However, they all have a basic view: In the following three to five years, IT manufacturer will transfer quite a few of business to ASP market.U.S.A. Gartner Group Dataquest has issued to use the investigation result of the market of facilitator (ASP ) in the whole world. The investigation result shows , the market scale of ASP will rise to 3,600 million dollars in 2000 from 1 billion U.S. dollars in 1999, will exceed 25,300 million dollars in 2004 ."Whether not for big enterprise or in small-scale one enterprise, it hope not it is throw in by fund not huge from infrastructure , software and staff member to needing, can guarantee the supreme application level . Though and service content is different and different to some extent according to using, when utilizing ASP, estimate that can reduce by 30%-70% of the total cost of ownership (TCO) " (Dataquest Company President Application Services Worldwide Program's analyst Ben Pring).1999, North America account for whole ASP 65%, market of sales amount, expect this rate to lessen to 45% in 2004. The sales amount of Europe takes the rate of the whole ASP market, will rise to 32% in 2004 from 20% of 1999. "By 2004, Europe and the Asian-Pacific area will turn into with the maturity market of equal scale of U.S.A.. To U.S.A., European and Asian market face wireless ASP and use easier to be accepted, promote the development of market " (Ben Pring ).In addition according to Gartner analysis, U.S.A. at present have 480 ASP enterprise, have new enterprises enter the market also every day. But have 60% ASP enterprise disappear by the end of 2001, and enterprise that can survive still by 2004 it it is saids to be only 20%.2, ASP impact on traditional IT industryASP impact on software industryThe appearance of ASP , this commercial mode , will bring the revolutionary change to the software industry . ASP trader will be the main customers of software enterprises , some software enterprises turn to ASP management mode directly, some software enterprises will make up strategic alliance with ASP trader.ASP impact on hardware industryASP impact on hardware manufacturer very enormous, ASP management mode dependability , usability in hardware,, can elasticity put forward high demand, in addition, the hardware manufacturer will be forced in terms of the solution or the service more, but not conceive their value proposition in terms of independent products. The hardware will be considered as a part among them of the application platform of ASP more and more.3)ASP is influenced big to using the service tradeWhat ASP is offered is standardized service of more than one pair, so for application service provider, and quite a lot of customers need some special customization services. However, the fast reaction of ASP, reasonable price model will impel the traditional service trade to provide ASP service in one's own products .ASP impact on communication industryTo network service provider, ASP management mode will bring oneself within with the software provider , hardware Shang and use the shared risks together of facilitator, mechanism that the income shares .3, Influence several factors of ASP developmentRestriction with frequently wide communicationASP commercial mode need sufficient bandwidth resource support, communication infrastructure of our country at present got very great development, but bandwidth resource does not arrive redundant degree yet, so wide resource frequently may is it restrict an important factor , ASP of development to become.Security of the networkThe security of the network includes meaning of two layers: First, technology can resist forcible entry of hacker, another important meaning whether ASP job personal integrity, trader of itself reach certain level, the customer's business secret will not be revealed because of reason of ASP oneself.3)Social credit systemWe see the ASP industry of U.S.A. develop rapidly , should see the credit system that they have accumulated for many years has actually been the key motive force of ASP development . However, review domestic enterprises and generally lack the credit idea, this has increased transaction cost and investment risk of ASP users greatly.4)Factor of the brandNeed high specification requirement very , require because of ASP commercial mode itself this and credit require safely, ASP brand factor of Shang is very important too.译文ASP简介1.ASP基础语言ASP是构建动态网页应用的被实践证明了的技术，为你需要创建任何的东西从一个基于图片库个人网页到一个完整的目录，为你的下一个商业项目提供全面的系统提供了强大的功能和灵活性。
英文论文参考文献标注格式参考
英文论文参考文献标注格式参考英文论文参考文献标注格式参考参考文献是在学术研究过程中，对某一著作或论文的整体的参考或借鉴，下面是小编为大家整理的英文论文参考文献标注格式参考，欢迎参考~SCI英文论文参考文献1、尽量选用原始文献我们很多人也许有这样的经历，写文章前，都会查阅大量与自己论文研究相关的综述。
因此在写sci英文论文时也会引用大量综述论文(这也是为什么综述文章被引用率都很高)。
其实我们在做研究看文献时，都希望看到原始文献。
比如，我们在阅读一篇文章的引言或讨论部分，对其引用的某些研究结果很感兴趣，翻倒最后参考文献一看，却来自一篇综述，自己难免失望。
还得去查那篇综述去追踪原始文献。
因此自己写文章，除了一些概括性的话，在研究进展介绍和解释自己结果时，尽可能引用原始文献。
2、尽量选用较新的文献这点我想大家都能理解，更能突出本领域的最新研究进展和自己科研的意义和价值。
同时也能为SCI杂志的影响因子做点贡献。
但是，有些自己领域很经典的文献还是不能落下。
3、慎重选用中文文献前段时间，我帮一个4分多的SCI杂志审一篇来自国内的研究论文。
严格来说，这篇论文做得还不错。
但是，40多篇参考文献中有5，6篇中文文献(都是通讯作者以前的文章，其中一篇还是80年代的)，只是把引用模式翻译成了英文，并且没有注明是中文文献。
我当时是给了"MajorRevision"，并且提到了参考文献的问题，要么换掉，要么在后面注明"Chinese"。
最后从作者的回复信中，发现3个审稿人都一致提到参考文献问题。
不过，这篇文章修改后接受了。
以上事例是提醒大家sci英文论文引用中文参考文献时要注意，尽量选那种能在Pubmed或GoogleScholar上查到英文摘要的文献，并且在文献后注明"Chinese"。
4、参考文献的数量sci英文论文参考文献的数量应该和论文的信息量成正相关。
比如，一篇研究论文只有很少的研究结果，却在讨论中引用大量文献来进行解释和假设，这样不太好。
参考文献英文范文
参考文献英文范文参考文献是在学术研究过程中，对某一著作或论文的整体的参考或借鉴。
下面是店铺给大家整理的参考文献英文范文，供大家参阅!参考文献英文范文：英文参考文献标准格式一、参考文献的类型参考文献(即引文出处)的类型以单字母方式标识，具体如下：--专著,著作[C]--论文集(一般指会议发表的论文续集，及一些专题论文集，如《***大学研究生学术论文集》[N]-- 报纸文章[J]--期刊文章：发表在期刊上的论文，尽管有时我们看到的是从网上下载的(如知网)，但它也是发表在期刊上的，你看到的电子期刊仅是其电子版[D]--学位论文：不区分硕士还是博士论文--报告：一般在标题中会有"关于****的报告"字样[S]-- 标准[P]--专利[A]--文章：很少用，主要是不属于以上类型的文章[Z]--对于不属于上述的文献类型，可用字母"Z"标识，但这种情况非常少见常用的电子文献及载体类型标识：[DB/OL] --联机网上数据(database online)[DB/MT] --磁带数据库(database on magnetic tape)[M/CD] --光盘图书(monograph on CDROM)[CP/DK] --磁盘软件(computer program on disk)[J/OL] --网上期刊(serial online)[EB/OL] --网上电子公告(electronic bulletin board online)很显然，标识的就是该资源的英文缩写，/前面表示类型，/后面表示资源的载体，如OL表示在线资源二、参考文献的格式及举例1.期刊类【格式】[序号]作者.篇名[J].刊名,出版年份,卷号(期号)起止页码.【举例】[1] 周融，任志国，杨尚雷，厉星星.对新形势下毕业设计管理工作的思考与实践[J].电气电子教学学报，2003(6):107-109.[2] 夏鲁惠.高等学校毕业设计(论文)教学情况调研报告[J].高等理科教育,2004(1):46-52.[3] Heider, E.R.& D.C.Oliver. The structure of color space in naming and memory of two languages [J]. Foreign Language Teaching and Research, 1999, (3): 62 67.2.专著类【格式】[序号]作者.书名.出版地:出版社,出版年份:起止页码.【举例】[4] 刘国钧,王连成.图书馆史研究.北京:高等教育出版社,1979:15-18,31.[5] Gill, R. Mastering English Literature . London: Macmillan, 1985: 42-45.3.报纸类【格式】[序号]作者.篇名[N].报纸名,出版日期(版次).【举例】[6] 李大伦.经济全球化的重要性[N]. 光明日报，1998-12-27(3).[7] French, W. Between Silences: A Voice from China[N]. Atlantic Weekly, 1987-8-15(33).4.论文集【格式】[序号]作者.篇名 [C].出版地:出版者,出版年份:起始页码.【举例】[8] 伍蠡甫.西方文论选[C]. 上海:上海译文出版社,1979:12-17.[9] Spivak,G. "Can the Subaltern Speak?"[A]. In C.Nelson & L. Grossberg(eds.). Victory in Limbo: Imigism [C]. Urbana: Universityof Illinois Press, 1988, pp.271-313.[10] Almarza, G.G. Student foreign language teacher's knowledge growth [A]. In D.Freeman and J.C.Richards (eds.). Teacher Learning in Language T eaching [C]. New York: Cambridge University Press. 1996. pp.50-78.5. 学位论文【格式】[序号]作者.篇名[D].出版地:保存者,出版年份:起始页码.【举例】[11] 张筑生.微分半动力系统的不变集[D].北京:北京大学数学系数学研究所, 1983:1-7.6.研究报告【格式】[序号]作者. 篇名.出版地:出版者,出版年份:起始页码.【举例】[12] 冯西桥.核反应堆压力管道与压力容器的LBB分析.北京:清华大学核能技术设计研究院, 1997:9-10.7.专利【格式】[序号]专利所有者.题名[P].国别:专利号,发布日期.【举例】[13] 姜锡洲.一种温热外敷药制备方案[P].中国专利:881056073, 1989 07 26.8.标准【格式】[序号]标准编号,标准名称[S].【举例】[14] GB/T 16159-1996, 汉语拼音正词法基本规则 [S].9.条例【格式】[序号]颁布单位.条例名称.发布日期【举例】[15] 中华人民共和国科学技术委员会.科学技术期刊管理办法[Z].1991-06-0510.电子文献【格式】[序号]主要责任者.电子文献题名.电子文献出处[电子文献及载体类型标识].或可获得地址，发表或更新日期/引用日期.【举例】[16] 王明亮.关于中国学术期刊标准化数据库系统工程的进展[EB/OL].http: ///pub/wml.txt/980810 2.html, 1998 08 16/1998 10 04.[17] 万锦.中国大学学报论文文摘(1983 1993).英文版 [DB/CD]. 北京: 中国大百科全书出版社, 1996.11.各种未定义类型的文献【格式】[序号] 主要责任者.文献题名[Z].出版地:出版者, 出版年.特别说明：凡出现在"参考文献"项中的标点符号都失去了其原有意义，且其中所有标点必须是半角,如果你的输入法中有半角/全解转换,则换到半角状态就可以了,如果你的输入法中没有这一转换功能,直接关闭中文输入法,在英文输入状态下输入即可.其实，很多输入法(如目前比较流行的搜狐输入法)都提供了四种组合：(1)中文标点+ 全角：这时输入的标点是这样的，：【1】-(而这时，我没有找到哪个键可以输入/ 符号)也就是说，这些符号是一定不能出现在"参考文献"中的;(2) 中文标点+半角：这时输入的标点是这样的，：【1】-(这时，我还是没有找到哪个键可以输入/ 符号)也就是说，这些符号也不能出现在"参考文献"中的;上面列出的符号，中间没有任何的空格，你能看出它们有什么区别吗?我看只是-的宽度有一点点不同，其它都一样(3)英文标点+全角：这时输入的标点是这样的，.：[1]-/(4)英文标点+半角：这时输入的标点是这样的,.:[1]-/从这两项可以明显的看出，半角和全角其实最大的差别是所占的宽度不一样，这一点对于数字来说最为明显，而英文标点明显要比中文标点细小很多(也许因为英文中，标点的功能没有中文那么复杂，就是说英文中标点符号的能力没有中文那么强大)所以，很多人在写"参考文献" 时，总是觉得用英文标点+半角很不清楚，间距也太小，其实这点完全不用担心如果你觉得真的太小不好看，就用英文标点+全角吧而在[1] 之后，一般也都有一个空格对于英文参考文献，还应注意以下两点：①作者姓名采用"姓在前名在后"原则，具体格式是：姓,名字的首字母. 如： Malcolm Richard Cowley 应为：Cowley, M.R.，如果有两位作者，第一位作者方式不变，&之后第二位作者名字的首字母放在前面，姓放在后面，如：Frank Norris 与Irving Gordon应为：Norris, F. & I.Gordon.②书名、报刊名使用斜体字，如：Mastering English Literature,English Weekly.三、注释注释是对论文正文中某一特定内容的进一步解释或补充说明注释应置于本页页脚，前面用圈码①、②、③等标识参考文献英文范文：英文论文参考文献格式写法Learning Advice Centreyour in the author/date system) and, for law students or in dissertations, the numeric system. Different subject areas use slight variations of these systems (and other systems do exist) so you must consult your course/module handbook for clarification of the specific conventions that you are expected to use within your subject area(s).References need to appear in two places:1. within the body of your writing include: author‟s surname, year of publication and, if quoting, the exact page number from which the quote is taken;2. in the bibliography include at least: author‟s surname, initial(s), year of publication, title of text/chapter, edition, publisher & place of publication; see page 3 for specific details that apply to referencing different sources. There are two ways inwhich you can reference, or cite, another person's work: a) by paraphrasing; this shows you have fully interpreted what you have read - see Learning Skills Help Sheet on How to Paraphrase;1.1 References within the body of the text - Harvard Systemb) by quoting directly; follow with a comment to show relevance/understanding If the direct quotation is more than two lines, you should indent it as a separate paragraph e.g.: As Cottrell (2003, p.148) points out“Our views of what is …intelligent‟can prevent us from developing our minds to their full potential. People who feel they are …not very bright‟ or …not very creative‟ probably will fulfil that estimation of themselves. On the other hand, positive thinking and constructive mental activity develop the mind.”Citing secondary sources:If you are referencing a work cited by the author of the text you are reading, you should cite the original work as being within a secondary source i.e. what what the writer of the book you are reading has read, using the following method: According to De Bono (1994, cited in Cottrell, 2003, p.148), “clever people are often hampered by their apparent intelligence in two ways:” they are good at arguing and defending their point of view; they indulge in negative criticism which is a quick, easy and dramatic way of proving someone wrong.Cont'dYou can make an appointment with the Learning Advisor if you wish to receive more individual advice on your independent learning skills. Email or phone 020 7911 5000 ext. 2364.Learning Advice Centrereference appears as a footnote at the bottom of the page e.g.: There were many changes in the British diet in the periodafter 1870. Fruitbecame more common, especially in the form of fruit jam. Even the fish-and-chip shop dates from the same period.1 (Note: See bottom of this page for associated footnote.)To insert footnotes using Word, click on the placein your document where you want to insert thefootnote.Then click on the Insert menu, select Reference,then click on Footnote.Another window will then open that will allow you to format thefootnotes manually, if you require.Once the footnote has been inserted in the text and it appearsat the bottom of the page, click next to the number at the bottom to add the reference details: author surname, initial(s),publication year, title of work/article, page number, etc.Once you have referenced an author for the first time using the numeric system you do not have to repeat that same reference in full again. If the same work is referenced consecutively on the same page use: ibi d . = ( f r o m t h e L a t i n i b i d e m , m e a n i n g t h e s a m e ) o r / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 8 6 " > 0 0 o p . c i t . = ( f r o m t h e L a t i n o p e r e c i t a d o m e a n i n g i n t h e w o r k a l r e a d y c i t e d ) / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 8 7 " > 0 0 I f t h e s a m e w o r k i s r e f e r e n c e d o n a n o t h e r p a g e , l i s t t h e a u t h o r s s u r n a m e , i n i t i a l s a n d d a t e o f p u b l i c a t i o n a g a i n f o l l o w e d b y o p . c i t . a n d t h e p a g e n u m b e r . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 8 8 " > 0 0 D i f f e r e n t p a g e n u m b e r s f o r t h e c i t a t io n s y o u u s e m u s t b e l i s t e d w i t h e a c h f o o t n o t e ( s e e e x a m p l e b e l o w ) . 2 / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 8 9 " > 00 H o b s b a w m , H . , ( 1 9 9 0 ) , T h e E a t i n g H a b i t s o f th e B r i t i s h P e o p l e , p . 1 6 2 2 i b i d . , p . 1 6 3 / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 9 0 " > 0 0 1 / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 9 1 " > 0 0 L e a r n i n g A d v i c e C e n t r e a c c o r d i n g t o / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 9 2 " > 0 0 B o o k s H e i n z , E . , ( 2 0 0 0 ) , A H i s t o r y o f B a k e d B e a n s , A r n o l d , L o n d o n I f t h e r e a r e t w o a u t h o r s y o u m u s t l i s t b o t h a u t h o r s n a m e s e .g . : H e i n z , E . , a n d M c D o n a l d , R . , ( 2 0 0 1 ) , A H i s t o r y o f B a k e d B e a n s , A r n o l d , L o n d o n I f t h e r e a r e m o r e t h a n t w o a u t h o r s , n a m e t h e f i r s t a u t h o r f o l l o w e d b y e t a l ( L a t i n m e a n i n g a n d o t h e r s ) e . g . : / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 9 3 " > 0 0 H e i n z , E . , e t a l . , ( 2 0 0 2 ) , T h e B e a n a n d O t h e r L e g u m e s , R o u t l e d g e , N e w Y o r k I f t h e b o o k h a s m o r e t h a n o n e e d i t i o n , y o u m u s t s t a t e w h i c h e d i t i o n y o u h a v e u s e d e . g . : / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 9 4 " > 0 0 H e i n z , E . , a n d M c D o n a l d , R . , ( 2 0 0 6 ) , A H i s t o r y o f B a k e d B e a n s , ( 2 n d E d . ) , A r n o l d , L o n d o n / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 95 " > 0 0 A n a r t i c l e i n a b o o k J o h n s o n , S . , ( 1 9 9 8a ) , T h e C o r n f l a k e i n H i s t o r y , I n : J e n n i n g s , N . , ( E d . ) F o o d f o r T h o u g h t , E d i nb u r g h U n i v e r s i t y P r e s s , U K / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 9 6 " > 0 0 J o u r n a l a r t ic l e s J o h n s o n , S . , ( 1 9 9 8 b ) , D e c o n s t r u c t i n g t h e p r e - m i l l e n n i a ld ie t : S p e c i a l K a n d p o s t m o d e r n i s m , C u l t u r a l S t u d i e s 1 1 , 1 : p p . 3 2 4 4 / p > p b d sf i d = " 1 9 7 " > 0 0 T h i s m e a n s t h a t a n a r t i c l e b y S a r a h J o h n s o n c a l l e d D e c o n s t r u c t i ng th e p r e - mi l l e n n i a l d i e t : S p e c i a l K a n d p o s t m o d e r ni s m w a s p u b l i s h e d i n t h e j o u r n a l C u l t u r a l S t u d i e s , v o l u m e 1 1 , n u m b e r 1 , o n p a g e s 3 2 t o 4 4 . T h i s i s s u e o f t h e j o u r n a l w a s p u b l i s h e d i n 1 9 9 8 . / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 9 8 " > 0 0 W h e r e y o u h a v e r e f e r e n c e d t w o o r m o r e s e p a r a t e w o r k s b y t h e s a m e a u t h o r t h a t w e r e p u b l i s h e d i n t h e s a m e y e a r , a d d a l p h a b e t i c a l n o t a t i o n a f t e r t h e p u b l i c a t i o n y e a r i n b o t h t h e t e x t a n d b i b l i o g r a p h y t o d i s t i n g u i s h b e t w e e n t h e w o r k s . ( S e e e x a m p l e s a b o v e . ) / p > p b d s f i d = " 1 9 9 " > 0 0 E - j o u r n a l a r ti c l e s J i m e n e z , R . , ( 2 0 0 3 ) , S e x D i f f e r e n c e s i n L2 V o c a b u l a r y L e a r n i n g S t r a t e g i e s , I n t e r n a t i o n a l J o u r n a l o f A p p l i e d L i n g u i s t i c s 13 , 1 , p p .5 4 - 7 7 , [ o n l i n e ] , a v a i l a b l e f r o m : [ A c c e s s e d 1 3 / 1 0 / 2 0 06 ] / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 0 0 " > 0 0 F o r e - j o u r n a l s / b o o k s y o u m u s t s t a t e t h a t i t i s a n o n l i n e r e s o u r c e , c i t e t h e U R L a n d i n c l u d e t h e d a t e y o u a c c e s s e d i t a t t h e e n d i n a d d i t i o n t o i n c l u d i n g t h e j o u r n a l v o l u m e / n u m b e r a n d t h e p u b l i c a t i o n y e a r , a s a b o v e . / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 0 1 " > 0 0 L e a r n i n g A d v i c e C e n t r e a c c e p t a b l e t i t l e a n d s t a t e t h e d a t e y o u a c c e s s e d t h e s i t e e . g . : H o l m e s , A . , ( 2 0 0 0 ) , G r e e n p e a c e w i n s m e d i a w a r , [ o n l i n e ] , a v a i l a b l e f r o m : [ A c c e s s e d 2 5 / 1 0 / 2 0 0 6 ] . / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 0 2 " > 0 0 I f y o u c a n n o t f i n d &a m p ; s t a t e t h e a u t h o r s n a m e , u s e t h e n a m e o f t h e o r g a n i s a t i o n , e . g . : B B C , ( 2 0 07 ) , N o r t h e r n I r e l a n d : T h e T r o u b l e s , [ o n l i n e ] , a v a i l a b l e f r o m : / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 0 3 " > 0 0 [ A c c e s s e d 3 0 / 0 4 / 2 0 0 7 ] . / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 0 4 " > 0 0 N e w s p a p e r a rt i c l e s / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 0 5 " > 0 0 L i s t t h e w r i t e r s s u r n a m e a n d i n i t i a l ( s ) , y e a r o f p u b l i c a t i o n , t i t l e o f a r t i c l e , t i t l e o f n e w s p a p e r f o l l o w e d b y t h e f u l l d a t e o f p u b l i c a t i o n , s e c t i o n o f t h e p a p e r a n d p a g e n u m b e r , e . g . : R a t n e r , C . , ( 2 0 0 0 ) , M a g a z i n e s p a r k s l o v e f e u d , T h e I n d e p e n d e n t ,1 0 O c t o b e r2 0 0 0 , T h u r s d a y R e v i e w : p . 1 4 / p > pb d s f i d = " 2 0 6 " > 0 0 R e f e r e nc e t o a T h e s i s / p > p bd s f i d = " 2 0 7 " > 0 0 L i s t t he s u r n a m e , i n i t i a l s , y e a r , t i t l e , t y p e of t h e s i s , n a m e o f i n s t i t u t i o n s u b m i t t e d t o : S m i t h , J . , ( 2 0 0 5 ) , L i ng u i s t i c S i g n i f i c a n c e o f T e e n a g e S l a n g i n th e U K , ( P h D ) , U ni v e r s i t y o f W e s t m i n s t e r / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 0 8 " > 0 0 T V P r o g r a m m e s / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 0 9 " > 00 F o l l o w i n g t h e s e r i e s t i t l e l i s t t h e n u m b e r a nd t i t le of t h e e p i s o d e , y e a r , t r a n s m i t t i ng ch a n n e l f o l l o w e d b y t h e f u l l d a t e a n d ti m e , i f k n o w n , o f t r a n s m i s s i o n . V e n i c e , E p i s o d e 4 ; D e a t h , ( 2 0 0 4 ) , B B C 2 , 1 2 / 1 2 / 2 0 0 4 / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 1 0 " > 0 0 C o n t r i b u t i o n s i n P r o g r a m m e s / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 1 1 " > 0 0 I n d i v i d u a l s p e a k e r s o r c o n t r i b u t o r s t o p r o g r a m m e s s h o u l d b e r e f e r e n c e d b y n a m e f o l l o w e d b y y e a r , p r o g r a m m e t i t l e , c h a n n e l a n d d a t e o f t r a n s m i s s i o n e . g . : B r o w n , G . , ( 2 0 0 7 ) , L i v e T r e a s u r y Q u e s t i o n s , B B C P a r l i a me n t , 2 9 / 0 3 / 2 0 0 7 D V D / V i d e o / p > p b d sf i d = " 21 2 " > 0 0 L i s t t h e t i t l e , y e a r o f p r o d u c t i o n , f o r ma t , D i r e c t o r s n a m e , p r o d u c t i o n p l a c e a n d o r g a n i s a t i o n , e . g . : D o g m a , ( 1 9 9 9 ) , V H S , D i r e c t e db y K e v i n S m i t h , V i e w A s k e w / p > p b d s f i d = " 21 3 " > 0 0 L e a r n i n g A d v i c e C e n t r e / p > p b d s f i d = "2 1 4 " > 0 0 o c r e a t e a b i b l i o g r a p h i c l i s t t h a t c a n b e i m p o r t e d i n t o y o u r w o r d d o c u m e n t / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 1 5 " > 0 0 T o l o g i n t o R e f W o r k s u s e y o u r A t h e n s u s e r n a m e a n d p a s s w o r d . / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 1 6 " > 0 0 N O T E : b e f o r e y o u s t a r t t o u s e R e f W o r k s i t i s h i g h l y a d v i s a b l e t h a t y o u e i t h e r l o o k a t t h e g u i d a n c e o n t h e l i b r a r y h o m e p a g e o r w o r k t h r o u g h t h e o n l i n e t u t o r i a l s . R e f W o r k s i s n o t a t o o l t h a t c a n b e l e a r n e d i n 5 m i n u t e s a n d u s e d a s a l a s t m i n u t e q u i c k f i x i f y o u a r e b e h i nd o n a n a s s i g n me n t . / p > p b d sf i d = " 2 1 7 " > 0 0 Re m e m b e r , a s w i t h a n y a s s i g n m e n t , y o u s h o u l d e n s u r e t h a t o n c e y o u h a v e i m p o r t e d y o u r b i b l i o g r a p h y y o u e d i t a n df o r m a t i t t o m a t c h y o u r d e p a r t m e n t a l p r o t o c o l ; b i b l i og r a phi c a l i n f o r m a t i o n c r e a t e d u s i n g R e f W o r k s m a y b e f o r m a t t e d i n a n a l t e r n a t i v e w a y . / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 1 8 " > 0 0 R e f e r e n c e s : / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 1 9 " > 0 0 C o t t r e l l , S . , ( 2 0 0 3 ) , S k i l l s f o r S u c c e s s ; T h e P e r s o n a l D e v e l o p m e n t P l a n n i n g H a n d b o o k , P a l g r a v e M a c m i l l a n , U K H o l l a n d , M . , ( 2 0 0 6 ) , C i t i n g R e f e r e n c e s , A c a d e m i c S e r v i c e s , B o u r n e m o u t h U n i v e r s i t y , / p > p b d s f i d = " 2 2 0 " >。
关于科技的英文文献综述范文
关于科技的英文文献综述范文Here is a 1000-word essay on the topic of "A Literature Review on Technology":Technology has become an integral part of our daily lives, transforming the way we live, work, and communicate. From the invention of the printing press to the development of artificial intelligence, the influence of technology on human civilization is undeniable. This literature review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the various aspects of technology and its impact on society.One of the most significant advancements in technology is the rapid development of digital technologies. The internet has revolutionized the way we access information, communicate with others, and conduct business. The rise of social media platforms has transformed the way we interact with our friends, family, and the world around us. Similarly, the growing popularity of e-commerce has changed the way we shop, with online retailers offering a vast array of products and services at our fingertips.Another important aspect of technology is the field of automationand robotics. Automated systems are now being used in a wide range of industries, from manufacturing to healthcare, to improve efficiency and reduce human error. The development of sophisticated robots has also led to significant advancements in fields such as exploration, disaster relief, and medical procedures. However, the increasing reliance on automation has also raised concerns about job displacement and the impact on the workforce.The rise of artificial intelligence (AI) is perhaps one of the most significant technological advancements of our time. AI systems are capable of performing tasks traditionally reserved for humans, such as decision-making, problem-solving, and language processing. The potential applications of AI are vast, ranging from personalized recommendations on e-commerce platforms to the development of self-driving cars. At the same time, the ethical implications of AI, such as the potential for bias and the impact on privacy, are the subject of ongoing debates and research.Another area of technology that has seen significant advancements is the field of renewable energy. As the world grapples with the challenge of climate change, the development of sustainable energy sources has become a pressing concern. Solar, wind, and hydroelectric power are just a few examples of the renewable energy technologies that are being explored and implemented on a global scale. These technologies not only help to reduce our carbonfootprint but also have the potential to provide affordable and accessible energy to communities around the world.The impact of technology on healthcare is another area that deserves attention. Advancements in medical technology, such as diagnostic imaging, telemedicine, and personalized medicine, have revolutionized the way we approach healthcare. These technologies have the potential to improve patient outcomes, reduce healthcare costs, and increase access to quality care, particularly in remote or underserved areas.However, the rapid pace of technological change has also raised concerns about the potential negative impacts of technology on our lives. The increased reliance on digital devices and the constant connectivity of the internet can lead to issues such as screen addiction, sleep deprivation, and social isolation. Additionally, the collection and use of personal data by tech companies and governments have raised concerns about privacy and data security.In conclusion, this literature review has explored the various aspects of technology and its impact on society. From the transformative power of digital technologies to the advancements in renewable energy and healthcare, the role of technology in shaping our world is undeniable. However, as we continue to embrace technological progress, it is crucial that we carefully consider the ethical andsocietal implications of these advancements. By doing so, we can ensure that technology is used to enhance and improve the lives of people around the world, rather than contributing to societal problems.。
英文参考文献模板
英文参考文献模板以下是小编为大家搜集整理的英文参考文献模板，供大家参考和借鉴!更多资讯尽在参考文献栏目![1] J.F.Di Marzio.Android A Progammer's Guide.New York Mc-Graw-Hill,2008:105-111P[2] Thompson T.The Android Mobile Phone Platform.The World of SoftwareDevelopment,2008,33(9):40-47P[3] Chris Haseman.Android Essentials.APress THE EXPERT'S VOICE,2008: 52-57P[4] Jane Liu,Mobile Map: A case study in the Design&Implementation of a mobile application，Department of System and Computer Engineering Carleton University,2002[5] Geng，J，Rapid Integer Ambiguity Resolution In GPS Precise Point Positioning. 2010， The University of Nottingham: Nottingham[6] Roger T omlinson. Thinking About GIS，Third Edition，Geographic Information System Planning for Managers [M]. Esri Press，380 New York Street， Redlands， California[7] Frank Ableson，Charlie Collins，Robi Sen.Unlocking Android.Manning Publications，2009:335-350P[8] Tomas Katysovas.A first look at Google Android.Free University of Bolzano ，InternetT echnologies，2008. 89-95P[9] Chris Ziegler.T-Mobile G1 For Dummies.For Dummies，2009: 67-73P[10] Jerri Ledford ，Prasanna Amirthafingam.Web Geek's Guide to the AndroidEnable Phone.Que，2009: 98-103P[11] Rick Rogers，Jhon Lombardo，Zigurd Mednieks，Blake Meike.Android ApplicationDevelopment.Sebastopo1，2009: 163-175P[12] John Eddy，Patricia DiGiacomo Eddy.Google on the Go: Using an Android-powered MobilePhone.Que，2009: 227-235P[13] Shu Xianhua，Du Zhenjun，Chen Rong.Research on Mobile Location Service Design Basedon Android.IEEE Xplore，2009，12(3): 65-68P[14] Banning, W. (1994), “The manufacturing and retailer conflict”, World Manufacturing Clothier, Vol. 75, pp. 44-5.[15 ]Burgess, T.F. (1994), “Making the leap to agility: defining and achieving agile manufacturing through business process redesign and business network redesign'', International Journal of Operations & Production Management, Vol. 14 No. 11, pp. 23-34.[16] Christophor, M. (2000). “Agile supply chain: competing in volatile markets”. Industr ial Marketing Management. 29, pp. 37-44.[17] Christopher, M. and Juttner, U. (2000), “Achieving supply chain excellence: the role of relationship management”, International Journal of Logistics, Vol. 3 No. 1, pp. 5-23.[18 ]Christopher, M. and Lee, H. (2001), Supply Chain Confidence –The Key to Effective Supply Chains Through Improved Visibility and Reliability, Global Trade Management, Vastera, Inc., Dulles, VA.[19] Christopher, M., Lowson, R. and Peck, H. (2004), “Creating agile supply chains in the fashion industry”, International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, Vol.32 No. 8, pp. 367-76.[20]Christphor, M. (2000). “Agile supply chain: competing in volatile markets”. Industrial Marketing Management. 29, pp. 37-44.[21]Collin, J. and Lorenzin, D. (2006), "Plan for supply chainagility at Nokia: Lessons from the mobile infrastructure industry", International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, Vol. 36 Issue: 6 pp. 418 – 430[22]Corbett, C., Blackburn, J. and van Wassenhove, L. (1999), “Partnerships to improve supply chains”, MIT Sloan Management Review, Vol. 40 No. 4, pp. 71-82.[23]Cravens, D., Piercy, N. and Shipp, S. (1996), “New organisational forms for competing in highly dynamic environments: the network paradigm”, British Journal of Management, Vol. 7, pp. 203-18.[24]Croom, S., Romano, P. and Giannakis, M. (2000), “Supply chain management: an analytical framework for critical literature review”, European Journal of Purchasing & Supply Management, Vol. 6, pp. 67-83.[25]Danese, P., Romano, P. and Vinelli, A. (2004), “Managing business processes across supply networks: the role of coordination mechanisms”, Journal of Purchasing & Supply Management, Vol. 10, pp. 165-77.[26]Davis, T. (1993), “Effective supply chain management”, Sloan Management Review, Summer, pp. 35-46.[27]Denzin, N.K. 1978. The research act: A theoretical introduction to sociological methods. New York: McGraw[28]De Toni, A. and Nassimben, G. (1995), “Supply networks: genesis, stability and logistics implications – a comparative analysis of two districts”, International Journal of Management Science, Vol. 22 No. 4, pp. 403-18.[29]Elmaghraby, W., A. Gulcu, and P. Keskinocak (2002) “Optimal markdown mechanisms in the pres- ence of rational customers with multi–unit demands” Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Industrial and Systems更多参考文献请点击链接！。
英文参考文献
英文参考文献以下是一篇约的英文参考文献：1. J. D. Watson and F. H. C. Crick. Molecular structure of nucleic acids: a structure for deoxyribose nucleic acid. Nature, 171(4356):737-8, Apr. 1953.2. H. F. Judson. The Eighth Day of Creation: Makers of the Revolution in Biology. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 1996.3. S. B. Prusiner. Prion Diseases and the BSE Crisis. Science,278(5336):245-51, Oct. 1997.4. A. J. Bettiol, R. E. Simpson, and J. A. Van Kan. Development of a new electron beam direct writing system for maskless lithography beyond 10 nm. Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B, 27(6):2886-93, Nov. 2009.5. L. W. Jansen, S. S. Wong, and J. J. Brown. Evolution of VLSI technology. Proceedings of the IEEE, 76(2):169-85, Feb. 1988.6. E. L. Snow, J. V. Nguyen, and C. M. Munro. Next-generation sequencing technologies for DNA methylation analyses in cancer. Epigenomics, 5(2):177-98, Apr. 2013.7. D. Chowdhury and D. D. van der Meer. An overview of microfluidics:its technologies and applications. Proceedings of the Institution of MechanicalEngineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine, 226(5):339-57, May 2012.8. J. L. DeRisi, V. R. Iyer, and P. O. Brown. Exploring the metabolic and genetic control of gene expression on a genomic scale. Science,278(5338):680-6, Oct. 1997.9. S. M. Bhagwat and C. M. Vajda. Chemical space: big data challenge for molecular informatics. Journal of Computer-Aided Molecular Design,28(10):997-1008, Oct. 2014.10. R. F. Service. The genome fights back. Science, 278(5336)234-7, Oct. 1997.11. L. A. Herzenberg, T. Tokuyasu, and L. A. Herzenberg. Toward a shared vision for science education: Workshop report. Science Education,86(2):275-89, Mar. 2002.12. J. P. Robinson, J. C. Yewdell, and W. R. Stevens. Preparation and characterization of influenza virus proteins for use as antigens in ELISA. In Methods in Enzymology, Elsevier, vol. 92, pp. 553-67, 1983.13. D. P. Bartel and C. W. Bartel. MicroRNAs: at the root of plant development? Plant Physiology, 132(2):709-17, June 2003.14. J. F. McGreevy and G. B. Pearce. The chemistry and pharmacology of anticancer agents: proceedings of a symposium. Cancer Research, vol. 23, Apr. 1963.15. J. Wang, L. Zhang, and C. Zhao. Recent advances in the development of manganese-based T1 contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging. Magnetic Resonance Materials in Physics, Biology and Medicine, 30(5):443-55, Oct. 2017.16. C. Bérubé and M. K. Lech. Pervasive computing: vision and challenges. IEEE Personal Communications, 8(4):10-7, Aug. 2001.17. M. T. Modarresi, A. Bandosz, and D. G. Vlachos. Identification of active sites for methane activation on cobalt-modified zeolites using in situ spectroscopy and kinetics. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C,119(14):7430-42, Apr. 2015.18. F. Gao, F. Yao, and J. Wei. Evaluating the performances of SCARA robots in pick-and-place tasks. Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, 29(6):429-38, Dec. 2013.19. A. L. Fogarty, S. L. Shamblin, and A. J. Hintermeyer. New wavelength scaling for the wetting and spreading of partially wetting fluids on smooth and rough solids. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,111(29):10455-60, July 2014.20. M. P. Young, P. W. Fenwick, and Y. Osoegawa. Complex control of gene expression: translating the genome sequence to function. Science,266(5185):1320-6, Nov. 1994.。
英文论文的参考文献格式
英文论文的参考文献格式英文论文的参考文献格式很多刊物对参考文献和注释作出区分，将注释规定为“对正文中某一内容作进一步解释或补充说明的文字”，列于文末并与参考文献分列或置于当页脚地。
下面，小编为大家分享英文论文的参考文献格式，希望对大家有所帮助！英文论文的参考文献格式一：[1] T. Paulay and J. R. Binney. Diagonally Reinforced coupling beams of shear Walls[S].ACI Special Publication 42, Detroit, 1974, 2: 579-598[2] Lam WY, Su R K L, Pam H J. Experimental study of plate-reinforced composite deep coupling beams[J]. Structural Design Tall Special Building, 2009（18）： 235-257[3] ACI 318-02: Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete, ACI318R-02:Commentary, An ACI Standard, reported by ACI Com-mittee318, American Concete Institute, 2002[4] Siu W H, Su R K L. Effects of plastic hinges on partial interaction behaviour of bolted side-plated beams[J]. Journal of Construction Steel Research, 2010, 66（5）：622-633[5] Xie Q. State of the art of buckling-restrained braces inAsia[J]. Journal of Construction Steel Research, 2005, 61（6）：727-748[6] Kim J,Chou H. Behavior and design of structures with buckling-restrained braces[J].Structural Engineering, 2004,26（6）：693-706[7] Tsai K C, Lai J W. A study of buckling restrained seismic braced frame[J].Structural Engineering, Chinese Society of Structural Engineering, 2002, 17（2）：3-32[8] Patrick J. Fortney, Bahrem M. Shahrooz, Gian A. Rassati.Large-Scale Testing of a Replaceable “Fuse” Steel Coupling Beam[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering.DECEMBER 2007:1801-1807[9] Qihong Zhao. Cyclic Behavior of traditional and Innovative Composite Shear Walls[J]. Journal of Structural Engineering, Feb. 2004:271-284英文论文的参考文献格式二：[1] Zhixin W, Chuanwen J, Qian A, et al. The key technology of offshore wind farm and its new development in China[J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2009, 13（1）：216-222.[2] Shahir H, Pak A. Estimating liquefaction-induced settlement of shallow foundations by numerical approach[J]. Computers and Geotechnics, 2010, 37（3）： 267-279.[3] Hausler EA. Influence of ground improvement on settlement and liquefaction:a study based on field case history evidence and dynamic geotechnicalcentrifuge tests. PhD dissertation, University of California, Berkeley; 2002.[4] Kemal Hac efendio lu. Stochastic seismic response analysis of offshore wind turbine including fluid‐structure‐soil interaction[J]. Struct. Design Tall Spec. Build.,2010,[5] Arablouei A, Gharabaghi A R M, Ghalandarzadeh A, et al. Effects of seawater–structure–soil interaction on seismic performance of caisson-type quay wall[J]. Computers &Structures, 2011, 89（23）： 2439-2459.[6] Zafeirakos A, Gerolymos N. On the seismic response of under-designed caisson foundations[J]. Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering, 2013: 1-36.[7] Snyder B, Kaiser M J. Ecological and economic cost-benefit analysis of offshore wind energy[J]. Renewable Energy,2009, 34（6）： 1567-1578.[8] Ding H, Qi L, Du X. Estimating soil liquefaction in ice-induced vibration of bucket foundation[J]. Journal of cold regions engineering, 2003, 17（2）： 60-67.[9] Shooshpasha I, Bagheri M. The effects of surcharge on liquefaction resistance of silty sand[J]. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 2012: 1-7.[10] Bhattacharya S, Adhikari S. Experimental validation of soil–structure interaction of offshore wind turbines[J]. Soil dynamics and earthquake engineering, 2011, 31（5）： 805-816.[11] H. Bolton Seed, Izzat M. Idriss. Simplified procedure for evaluating soilliquafaction potential. Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division. 1971,97（9）： 1249-1273[12] W. D. Liam Finn, Geoffrey R.Martin, Kwok W.Lee. An effective stress model for liquefaction. Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division, 1977, 103（6）：517-533[13] Seed.H.B.Soil liquefaction and Cyclic Mobility Evolution for Level Ground During Earthquakes, J of the Geotechnical Engineering Division ASCE , 1979,[14] Casagrande.A,Liquefaction and Cyclic Deformation of Sands-A Critical Review,Proceedings of the Fifth Pan American Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering,Buenos Aires,Argentina,1975.。
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英文科技论文中介词使用的常见语法错误及分析【论文题名】英文科技论文中介词使用的常见语法错误及分析【英文题名】Common Grammatical Errors in Usage of Prepositions in Writing English Scientific Papers【作者】王久丽WANG JiuLi【作者单位】国家自然科学基金委员会科学基金杂志社,100085,北京双清路83号【刊名】中国科技期刊研究【英文刊名】CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL PERIODICALS【年卷期】2006 V ol.17 No.3【关键词】英文科技论文；介词；语法【摘要】从误用介词、多用介词和漏用介词三个方面,总结了英文科技论文中介词使用的一些常见语法错误,并分别结合实例进行了分析讨论.查看文摘查看全文科技论文英文摘要中常见的介词问题【论文题名】科技论文英文摘要中常见的介词问题【英文题名】Some preposition errors in English abstracts of sci-tech papers【作者】李学军王小龙白兰云马丽【作者单位】地学前缘编辑部,100083,北京,中国地质大学;地学前缘编辑部,100083,北京,中国地质大学;地学前缘编辑部,100083,北京,中国地质大学;地学前缘编辑部,100083,北京,中国地质大学【刊名】编辑学报【英文刊名】ACTA EDITOLOGICA【年卷期】2004 V ol.16 No.6【关键词】科技论文；英文摘要；介词错误【摘要】对科技论文英文摘要中介词搭配错误、介词误用、介词省略出错、短语介词出错等问题进行了分析和讨论.指出介词搭配错误是其中最常见、最主要的一类错误,认为熟悉各种介词的含义及功用并掌握一定量的介词习惯用法,是减少介词使用错误的有效办法.查看文摘查看全文英文科技论文撰写中的几个用词问题【论文题名】英文科技论文撰写中的几个用词问题【英文题名】Common Problems in Using Some Words in Writing English Scientific Papers【作者】贺萍HE Ping【作者单位】Joumal of Integrative Plant Biology(原《植物学报》)编辑部,100093,北京香山南辛村20号【刊名】中国科技期刊研究【英文刊名】CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL PERIODICALS【年卷期】2006 V ol.17 No.2【关键词】论文写作；词义辨析【摘要】通过大量阅读经由澳大利亚文字编辑修改的科技论文,分析总结了科技论文写作中存在的近义词误用、数字的错误表达等用词问题,讨论并解释了错误出现的原因,以期提高论文写作水平.查看文摘查看全文英文科技论文编辑中的几种常见错误分析【论文题名】英文科技论文编辑中的几种常见错误分析【英文题名】On Some Recurrent Errors in Editing Sci-tech Papers Written in English【作者】冯赤樱【作者单位】暨南大学出版社,510632,广州市黄埔大道西601号【刊名】中国科技期刊研究【英文刊名】CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL PERIODICALS【年卷期】2004 V ol.15 No.5【关键词】科技论文编辑错误提示分析【摘要】针对英文科技论文编辑中有关冠词使用、数字表达及字母大写规则等几方面的常见错误,进行了总结讨论,并对出现较频繁的相关问题作了提示,给予了例析.查看文摘查看全文科技论文英文摘要中常见问题分析【论文题名】科技论文英文摘要中常见问题分析【英文题名】Problem analysis of English abstracts in scientific papers【作者】何莉【作者单位】安徽工业大学学报编辑部,安徽马鞍山,243002;【刊名】安徽工业大学学报（自然科学版）【英文刊名】JOURNAL OF ANHUI UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY(NATURAL SCIENCE)【年卷期】2002 V ol.19 No.3【关键词】科技论文；英文摘要；编辑【摘要】列举了科技论文英文摘要中的一些常见错误,如冠词用法错误,动词用法错误,主谓关系不一致,句子累赘,标点符号使用不正确等.并给出正确表达的形式,为英文摘要的撰写和编辑加工提供参考.查看文摘查看全文非谓语动词在科技论文英文摘要中的正确使用【论文题名】非谓语动词在科技论文英文摘要中的正确使用【英文题名】On Correct Use of Non-predicate Verb in Writing English Abstract for Papers in Chinese Sci-tech Journals【作者】叶济蓉【作者单位】<福建农林大学学报>编辑部,350002,福建福州金山【刊名】中国科技期刊研究【英文刊名】CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL PERIODICALS【年卷期】2004 V ol.15 No.6【关键词】科技论文英文摘要非谓语动词常见错误【摘要】阐述了非谓语动词在科技论文英文摘要撰写中的主要作用,指出使用非谓语动词可紧缩某些冗长的主从复合句,使英文摘要更紧凑、精练.同时指出科技论文英文摘要中出现的非谓语动词使用的常见错误,并对其进行深入剖析.查看文摘查看全文科技期刊英文摘要编校应注意的一些语法问题【论文题名】科技期刊英文摘要编校应注意的一些语法问题【英文题名】Common Grammatical Errors in Editing English Abstracts of Papers in Sci-tech Journals【作者】曾晓梅【作者单位】中国气象科学研究院《气象科技》编辑部,100081,北京中关村南大街46号【刊名】中国科技期刊研究【英文刊名】CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL PERIODICALS【年卷期】2005 V ol.16 No.1【关键词】科技期刊英文语法【摘要】从语句的一致性、连贯性、完整性、单义性等方面,讨论了编、校科技期英文摘要的过程中应该注意的一些语法问题.查看文摘查看全文英文写作中常见语法错误【论文题名】英文写作中常见语法错误【英文题名】 A TALK ABOUT THE GRAMMATICAL ERRORS FREQUENTLY FOUND IN ENGLISH WRITING【作者】周梦瑜ZHOU Meng-yu【作者单位】西南大学,外国语学院,重庆,北碚,400716【刊名】西南农业大学学报（社会科学版）【英文刊名】JOURNAL OF SOUTHWEST AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY(SOCIAL SCIENCE EDITION)【年卷期】2005 V ol.3 No.4【关键词】主谓不一致；残缺句；悬挂式错误；平行结构【摘要】英语写作一直是学生们比较头疼的问题,本文就英语写作中学生容易犯错的语法、句子结构错误作了归纳.有针对性的给出一些例子,从语法上主谓不一致,结构上的残缺句等做一些分析讲解.查看文摘查看全文科技论文英文标题的编写【论文题名】科技论文英文标题的编写【英文题名】Editing and Writing English Titles for Scientific Papers【作者】张震林李大庆ZHANG ZhenLin LI DaQing【作者单位】<江苏农业学报>编辑部,210014,南京市钟灵街50号;<江苏农业学报>编辑部,210014,南京市钟灵街50号【刊名】中国科技期刊研究【英文刊名】CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL PERIODICALS【年卷期】2006 V ol.17 No.1【关键词】科技论文；英文标题；编写【摘要】较详细地阐述了科技论文英文标题的编写方法,即首先要确定一个名词性的词或词组作为中心词,再以介词短语、形容词、分词短语、不定式短语、复合词、名词或动名词等限定性词或词组进一步修饰中心词、阐明论文主题.对英文标题写作中主要语法现象进行了比较系统的归纳.对英文标题编排过程中的常见问题,如标题大小写、长度、冠词的省略、中英文一致及结构形式等,进行了分析并提出了处理办法.查看文摘查看全文科技学术论文英文题名与关键词等的译写【论文题名】科技学术论文英文题名与关键词等的译写【英文题名】Translation and writing of English title and key words of scientific and technological thesis【作者】常廷文张志成【作者单位】洛阳农业高等专科学校学报编辑部,河南,洛阳,471003;洛阳农业高等专科学校学报编辑部,河南,洛阳,471003;【刊名】洛阳农业高等专科学校学报【英文刊名】JOURNAL OF LUOYANG AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE【年卷期】2002 V ol.22 No.1【关键词】科技学术论文；英文题名；写作【摘要】针对科技论文英文题名、关键词和作者姓名及工作单位译写中的常见错误,以国标为依据,参阅大量英文期刊,分别论述了英文题名、作者姓名及其工作单位英译和英文关键词的译写规范.查看文摘查看全文科技论文英文摘要常见错误分析【论文题名】科技论文英文摘要常见错误分析【英文题名】Brief Classification and Analysis of Mistakes in English Abstracts of Scientific and Technological Papers【作者】郦国兴LI Guo-xing【作者单位】江西农业大学,外语系,江西,南昌,330045【刊名】江西农业大学学报（社会科学版）【英文刊名】JOURNAL OF JIANGXI AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY(SOCIAL SCIENCES EDITION)【年卷期】2002 V ol.1 No.3【关键词】英文摘要；错误；分析【摘要】对科技论文英文摘要中出现的各种常见错误作了粗略的归类和分析,并提出修正意见,供英文摘要撰写者或翻译者参考,以期消除或减少错误.查看文摘查看全文科技论文英文摘要常见问题分析与处理【论文题名】科技论文英文摘要常见问题分析与处理【英文题名】Problem Analysis and Solutions of English Abstracts of Scientific and Technical Papers【作者】张晓丽【作者单位】东南大学,学报编辑部,江苏,南京,210096【刊名】洛阳师范学院学报【英文刊名】JOURNAL OF LUOYANG TEACHERS COLLEGE【年卷期】2004 V ol.23 No.6【关键词】科技论文；英文摘要；问题分析【摘要】科技论文英文摘要中存在诸如词的搭配不当、选词不当以及惯用法使用错误等问题. 解决这些问题应利用专业的语料库、搜索引擎、聘请外籍专家和期刊编辑同仁协同审读, 以提升英文摘要的质量.查看文摘查看全文英语语料库在英文摘要编辑工作中的应用【论文题名】英语语料库在英文摘要编辑工作中的应用【英文题名】Application of corpus to editing of English abstracts【作者】张晓丽【作者单位】东南大学学报编辑部,210096,南京【刊名】编辑学报【英文刊名】ACTA EDITOLOGICA【年卷期】2004 V ol.16 No.6【关键词】科技论文；英文摘要；编辑加工；英国国家语料库【摘要】利用语料库提高英文摘要质量是一项新的尝试.回顾语料库的发展史;介绍对编辑工作有较大实用价值的2个语料库:英国国家语料库(BNC)和Cobuild语料库;探讨语料库在编辑工作中的具体应用,如在语言形式辨析、同义词区分、词语搭配、词序确定等方面都可以借助语料库来实现.查看文摘查看全文科技期刊英文摘要常见写作错误分析【论文题名】科技期刊英文摘要常见写作错误分析【英文题名】Analysis of common errors in abstract writing【作者】孙力胡广振【作者单位】鞍山科技大学,辽宁,鞍山,114002;鞍山科技大学,辽宁,鞍山,114002【刊名】辽宁工程技术大学学报（社会科学版）【英文刊名】JOURNAL OF LIAONING TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY (SOCIAL SCIENCE EDITION）【年卷期】2002 V ol.4 No.4【关键词】科技期刊；英文摘要；写作；错误【摘要】要中常见的写作错误,如时态的误用、主动语态与被动语态的混淆及常用介词和名词使用等方面存在的问题,同时讨论了摘要写作的结构问题.通过分析科技期刊英文摘要中常见的写作错误,介绍了在英文摘要写作上的技巧.查看文摘查看全文科技论文英文摘要常见错误探析【论文题名】科技论文英文摘要常见错误探析【英文题名】An analysis of some common errors in the abstracts of scientific essays【作者】史钰军方岩【作者单位】杭州商学院,外国语学院,浙江,杭州,310012;杭州师范学院,学报编辑部,浙江,杭州,310012【刊名】杭州师范学院学报（自然科学版）【英文刊名】JOURNAL OF HANGZHOU TEACHERS COLLEGE【年卷期】2003 V ol.2 No.2【关键词】科技论文；英文摘要；常见错误【摘要】国内科技论文英文摘要常出现人称时态语态使用不当、数字表达及介词搭配等错误和不妥之处.在此举例分析了这些问题,并提出了正确的表达方法.查看文摘查看全文科技论文英文摘要常见问题分析与撰写原则【论文题名】科技论文英文摘要常见问题分析与撰写原则【英文题名】The common mistakes and writing principles of English abstracts in scientific papers【作者】李川石文川【作者单位】河北农业大学,学报编辑部,河北,保定,071001;河北农业大学,学报编辑部,河北,保定,071001;【刊名】河北农业大学学报（农林教育版）【英文刊名】JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY OF HEBEI(AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY EDUCATION EDITION)【年卷期】2001 V ol.3 No.2【关键词】英文摘要；科技论文；问题；写作要求【摘要】英文摘要是科技论文的重要组成部分,它直接影响论文被国际权威数据库的收载和被重要文摘刊物的摘引情况.为了提高科技论文作者对英文摘要的写作水平,结合多年的编辑工作经验,对英文摘要中常见问题进行了剖析,提出了撰写英文摘要的原则.查看文摘查看全文浅议科技论文写作的逻辑构成【论文题名】浅议科技论文写作的逻辑构成【英文题名】About the Logical Structure of Scientific Paper-writing【作者】王克黎Wang Keli【作者单位】北京建筑工程学院,学报编辑部,北京,100044【刊名】北京建筑工程学院学报【英文刊名】JOURNAL OF BEIJING INSTITUTE OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE【年卷期】2006 V ol.22 No.1【关键词】科技写作；科技语言；逻辑结构；逻辑表达【摘要】科技论文写作要严格符合逻辑思维的基本规律和基本形式,违背或忽视了逻辑关系就会出现一些与主题无紧密联系、思路不清、语言模糊的内容,且不能准确高效地记录、传播和交流科技信息.通过对科技论文写作的内在逻辑表达、核心要素的逻辑关系、论文逻辑联系与撰写要求等方面的探讨,得出一篇优秀的科技论文有着严密的逻辑构成尤为重要的结论.查看文摘查看全文科技论文层次安排应具有严密的逻辑联系【论文题名】科技论文层次安排应具有严密的逻辑联系【作者】王银平【作者单位】武汉中心气象台【刊名】湖北气象【英文刊名】JOURNAL OF HUBEI METEOROLOGY【年卷期】2005 V ol.24 No.3查看文摘查看全文科技英语英汉互译中的逻辑判断错误【论文题名】科技英语英汉互译中的逻辑判断错误【作者】张慧泉【作者单位】洛阳工业高等专科学校,材料工程系,河南,洛阳,471003【刊名】淮北煤炭师范学院学报(哲学社会科学版)【英文刊名】JOURNAL OF HUAIBEI COAL INDUSTRY TEACHERS COLLEGE(PHILOSOPHY AND SOCIAL SCIENCES)【年卷期】2006 V ol.27 No.5【栏目】语言学【分类号】H315.9【关键词】逻辑判断；科技英语；翻译【摘要】逻辑判断在科技英语翻译中占有非常重要的地位,英汉科技翻译中常见的逻辑判断错误主要有:相关概念搭配不当、反映的思想自相矛盾、不严密和缺乏逻辑关系等.查看文摘查看全文形式逻辑与科技英语翻译【论文题名】形式逻辑与科技英语翻译【英文题名】Formal Logic and the Translation of Scientific English【作者】胡开宝【作者单位】上海交通大学外国语学院,上海,200030【刊名】上海交通大学学报（哲学社会科学版）【英文刊名】JOURNAL OF SHANGHAI JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY (SOCIAL SCIENCE)【年卷期】2001 V ol.9 No.1【关键词】形式逻辑；科技英语；翻译【摘要】思维离不开逻辑,作为特殊思维活动的翻译更离不开逻辑.本文结合具体实例,从结构歧义句的翻译处理,概念等值以及语句逻辑关系等值等角度探讨了形式逻辑规律在科技英语翻译中的应用.查看文摘查看全文科技英语中隐性逻辑关系对汉译主语选择的制约性【论文题名】科技英语中隐性逻辑关系对汉译主语选择的制约性【英文题名】Restrictive Influence of an Analysis of Implicit Logical Relation on Subjects Choice in Science and Technology Translation【作者】孙永强【作者单位】黑龙江科技学院基础部，黑龙江鸡西158105;Elementary Dept., Heilongjiang Institute of Science and Technology, Jixi 158105, China;【刊名】黑龙江科技学院学报【英文刊名】JOURNAL OF HEILONGJIANG INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY【年卷期】2001 V ol.11 No.01【关键词】科技翻译；隐性逻辑关系；逻辑分析；表层结构【摘要】针对隐性逻辑关系分析对汉译主语选择所产生的制约性，分析在实际教学工作及多年矿业科技英语研究实践中收集到的典型例句，介绍了实用性较强的转换处理方法，强调了摆脱语言表层结构束缚、加强逻辑分析能力、提高译文质量的重要性。