专题三——形容词与副词副词
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专题三形容词与副词——副词
一、副词的基本用法
1、什么是副词?
(1)定义:副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句,在句子中作状语或表语的一类词。
(2)分类:时间副词(now, today, early, sometimes, already 等);地点副词(outside, inside, upstairs, here, there, home等);方式副词(quickly, loudly, suddenly, fast,
luckily等);程度副词(very, quite, rather, too, much, so等);疑问副词(when, where, why, how, how long, how often等);关系副词(when, where, why, how等)
2、怎么用副词?
(1)用法:
时间副词——确定句子时态的重要标志,牢固掌握不同时态的时间状语。如:
Lucy went to school yesterday.(一般过去时时间状语)
She has already arrived there.(现在完成时时间状语)
地点副词——与动词连用时不加介词。如:
I must go home now.(不是go to home) That boy rushed upstairs.(不是rushed to upstairs)方式副词——大多数由“形容词+ly”构成。(构词法)如:
quickly
—quick badly —bad happily —happy
easy—easily
程度副词——有些程度副词可以修饰形容词原级,有些能修饰形容词
比较级。如:
Jessica is a very beautiful woman. This bag is much better than that one.
疑问副词——用来构成特殊疑问句。如:
When is your mother's birthday? Where is your home? 关系副词——用来引导从句,如:He works in a bank where there is no money.
(2)位置:
地点副词、时间副词和方式副词一般放句末。如:
I will wait for you here. Can you meet me tomorrow? Please speak loudly.
<注>当强调时间状语时,可以把时间副词放在句首。如:
Tomorrow I will meet you.
程度副词修饰动词时,放在be动词、情态动词和助动词之后,实动
词之前。如:
She is too young. I really like that boy.
修饰形容词、副词时,放在被修饰词前面。如:
Harbin is a very big city.(修饰形容词) He studies much
harder now. (修饰副词)
之后。如:形容词或副词特殊,放在被修饰的enough只有>注< He runs fast enough.
(3)形近副词辨析
★close & closely
close“接近”closely“仔细地”
He is sitting close to me.“他挨着我坐着。” I watch him closely.“我仔细地打量他。”
★ late & lately
late“晚”lately“最近”
Don't go to school too late.“上学别太晚了。”
Is there anything new lately?“最近有什么新消息么?”
★ deep & deeply
deep“深”表示空间深度;deeply“深深地”表示感情上的深度。The boy went deep into the forest.“那个男孩走进了丛林深处。”
I love you deeply.“我深深的爱着你。”
★ high & highly
high“高”表示空间上的高度;highly“高”表示程度,相当于much。The plane was flying high.“飞机飞得高。”
I think highly of your opinion.“我仔细考虑你的观点。”
★ wide & widely
wide“宽”表示空间上的宽度;widely“广泛地”“在许多地方”表示抽象的含义。
”“他把门开大。.wideHe opened the door
English is widely used in the world.“英语在全世界被广泛的应用。”
★ free & freely
free“免费”;freely“无限制地”
You can eat free in my restaurant.“你可以在我的餐厅免费用餐。”You may speak freely.“你可以畅所欲言。”
★hard & hardly
hard“努力地,辛苦地,剧烈地,猛烈地”表示程度;hardly“几乎不”表示否定。
We should study hard.“我们应该努力学习。”
I can hardly catch up with you.“我快跟不上你了。”
【习题讲解】
1. Come____ quickly. I have something interesting to tell you.
A. to here
B. up to here
C. here
D. into here
2. How ___ the girls are playing!
A. happy
B. happier
C. happily
D. happily
3. The night was very ___, so he had to take off his shoes ___.
A. quiet; quietly
B. quite; quickly
C. late; quick
D. quite; quietly