2006年高考英语试题分类解析 动词与动词短语

动词及动词短语
【2006全国Ⅰ22】We_______ the last bus and didn’t have any money for taxi, so we had to walk hone.
A. reached
B. lost
C. missed
D. caught
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词辨析。

miss未赶上，错过。

句意：我们错过了未班车，也没有钱打的，所以我们不得不走路回家。

reach到达，延伸，伸出，伸手够某物；lose失去，损失，失踪，沉入……中（be lost in）；catch赶上，捕捉，发现，了解，懂得，挂住，撞见某人做某事（catch sb. doing）sth,陷入（be caught in）。

【语言学习】Miss
1. 未击中；未做到
The batter missed the ball. 击球员未击中球。

The arrow missed the target.箭未能射中靶子。

2. 没找到，没遇到
He missed her in the crowd. 他没有在人群中看到她。

She went to the station to meet her husband, but missed. 她到车站接丈夫，可是人群中没有见到他。

3. 未达到(某处)；未接触到
She missed the deck and landed in the water. 她未能跳到甲板上，而掉入水中。

4. 未听到；未体验
I missed what you said. 我没听到你说的话。

5. 未赶上：
to miss a flight 没赶上班机
6. 未领会，未理解
You've completely missed the point of his argument. 你完全没有领会他的论点。

7. 错过，失却：
I don't want to miss seeing that film on television tonight. 我不想错过今晚在电视上看那部影片的机会。

8. 惦念
Her children have gone to America, and she missed them very much. 孩子们去了美国，她非常惦记他们。

9. 逃脱，幸免于
The two planes missed disaster by a matter of inches when they nearly collided. 两架飞机在几乎要相撞时，以毫厘之差擦身而过，险些酿成一场灾难。

【2006全国Ⅰ27】Mike didn’t play football yesterday because he had _______ his leg.
A. damaged
B. hurt
C. hit
D. struck
【答案】B
【解析】考查短语动词辨析。

hurt伤害（对身体部位）。

句意：迈克昨天没有踢足球，因为他伤了腿。

damage vt.损坏，n.损害，pl.赔偿费；hit vt.击中，打击，袭击，n.打，成功的表演或尝试；strike打，敲，罢工，给予……感觉，迷住，划火柴。

hurt
1. 使受伤，伤害(身体)，使受皮肉之苦
She fell down the stairs and hurt her leg. 她从楼上跌了下来，摔伤了腿。

2.损害，危害；对……有伤害
to hurt someone's self-respect 伤害某人的自尊心
3. 感到疼痛；受痛苦；引起疼痛，致痛
Does your wounded arm still hurt? 你的伤臂还疼吗?
Your criticism to him hurt most.你对他的批评大大地伤害了他。

【2006全国Ⅱ15】Mary wanted to travel around the world all by herself, but his parents didn’t _______ her to do so.
A. forbid
B. allow
C. follow
D. ask
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词辨析。

allow允许，allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事。

句意：玛丽想独自一人环游世界，但是她父母不允许她这样做。

forbid禁止，不许；follow跟随，沿……而行，听得懂；ask请求。

【语言学习】allow
1. 允许，准许
They allowed the children to go to the park.他们让孩子们到公园去。

2. 允给，让与，给与：
to allow a person $200 for expenses让每人得到200美元作花费
She allowed herself no meat and sweets. 她克制自己不吃肉和糖果。

3. 允许进入，准入
Cats and dogs are not allowed. 猫狗不准入内。

【2006天津6】We want to rent a bus which can _______ 40 people for our trip to Beijing.
A. load
B. hold
C. fill
D. support
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词辨析。

hold容纳，阻止，维持兴趣、注意力等，句中意为“容纳”。

句意：我们想租一辆可容纳40人的公共汽车去北京旅行。

load装载（货物），使负担；fill填空，装潢；support支持，支撑，帮助，赡养等。

2006天津8】Most of us know we should cut down on fat, but knowing such things isn’t much help when it_______ shopping and eating.
A. refers to
B. speaks of
C. focuses on
D. comes to
【答案】D
【解析】考查短语动词辨析。

come to当谈到某种事情或达到某种情况，When it comes to ……为习惯句型，其中to为介词。

句意：绝大多数的人都知道要减肥，但知道这一点显然帮助不大，尤其是在逛商场和在美食前。

refer to谈到，提及，参考；speak of谈起，提到；focus on集中。

【语言学习】注意下面句中有关短语的用法
The speaker often refers to his notes.
Don’t refer to this matter again.
The headmaster spe aks of the school’s 5-year plan.
He often focus his attention on what the teacher said in class.
When it comes to helping his wife with the housework, John never grumble（抱怨）.
【语言学习】come to
1. 来到(某地)；参加(某活动)
As he came to a bridge, he heard a truck approaching. 在他来到一座桥头时，他听见一辆卡车驶来。

2. 恢复知觉，苏醒，复苏
In a few minutes he suddenly came to. 过了一会儿他突然苏醒过来。

3. 谈到，涉及：
Kate is not good at history, but when it comes to chemistry she's the best in the class. 凯特对历史不擅长，但一谈到化学她则是班里最好的。

4. 总共，共计
The shoes and books which I bought last week came to $120. 上星期我买的鞋和书总共花了120美元。

5. 归结为；实际意思是
What you say comes to this: you shall never trust him in future. 你说的话的实际意思就是：你今后再也不信任他了。

【2006天津10】Don’t respond to any e-mails_______ personal information, no matter how official they look.
A. searching
B. asking
C. requesting
D. questioning
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词辨析。

requesting向某人请求某物。

句意：不要回复请求的个人信息任何邮件,无论它们看起来多么正式。

searching（+for sth.）搜查，探查，搜寻，搜索；asking（+for sth.）要求；questioning询问，质问。

【2006重庆28】—How are you managing to do your work without an assistant?
—Well, I_______ somehow.
A. get along
B. come on
C. watch out
D. set off
【答案】A
【解析】考查短语动词辨析。

get along过活，设法度过。

句意：—没有助手你是怎样做你的工作的？—哦，我自己对付着做的。

come on跟随，（雨、夜或病）等到来，也当作挑战语；watch out警戒，提防，警惕；set off开始（旅程、赛跑等），出发，（地雷、烟火等）爆炸,使某人开始做某事等。

【语言学习】注意下列各句中以上短语的用法。

We can’t get along without money.
How are you getting along?
He gets along well with his boss.
The rain came on.
Come on! Let’s race to the bottom of the hill.
The guard had to watch out all day long.
Will you please watch out (over)my clothes while I have a swim?
Don’t set him off talking football, or he’ll go on all evening.
【语言学习】get短语：
get a better understanding of China 更好地了解中国
get a full mark / full marks 得满分get a lot of satisfaction 得到满足
get at 意指，本意是get around = get about 四处走动，活动
get away 移走，拿走，逃脱，逃离get away from 逃脱，逃离
get back 回来，回家，取回，找回，退还
get close to 接近get down 下来，降下
get down on one’s knees 跪下get down to (doing) sth 开始（做）某事）
get in 进入，收获，达到get in a word 插话
get into… 进入……get sb into… 使某人陷入
get it 接（电话），应（门），理解，懂得get off 下车，脱下（衣服等）
get on 上车，过活get on / along with… 进展，与……相处get on one’s feet （艰难地）站立起来get out 离开，出去
get out of 逃避，避免get over 克服，恢复，原谅
get up 起床，起身get across 理解，度过
get through 接通（电话），完成（工作），通过（考试）
get to 到达，抵达get to sleep 入睡，设法睡着
get ready for 为……做准备
get rid of 除掉，去掉get sb to do 让某人做
get the idea for… 想到……的主意get the message across 传播信息
get together 相聚，碰头，联欢
get / be used to sth 习惯于……，适应于……
get / be dressed 穿衣服
get / be engaged (to sb) （与某人）订婚
get / be lost 丢失了，迷路
get / be married (to sb) = marry (sb) （与某人）结婚
get / be stuck 陷进去，被困住，被难住，遇到困难
get / be tired of 对……感到厌倦，对……失去兴趣
【2006湖北22】One of the best ways for people to keep fit is to _______ healthy habits.
A. grow
B. develop
C. increase
D. raise
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词辨析。

develop养成。

句意：人们要保持健康的最佳方式之一就是要养成健康的饮食习惯。

develop the habit of / fall into the habit of 养成习惯。

grow生长，长大，逐渐；increase增加；raise升起，引起，提出，饲养，召集，抚养，筹集等。

【语言学习】Develop
1.开发
to develop natural resources 开发自然资源
The council house is planning to develop the area to the east of the town centre. 市政厅计划开发市中心以东的地区。

2. 发展，增强，使发育
The students developed their reading skills further during this term. 本学期学生们进一步提高了阅读技巧。

to develop one's musical talent 发展音乐才智
3.研制
to develop new techniques 发展新技术
to develop a new drug to fight AIDS 研制抗艾滋病新药
4. 详述，把(主题或情节)逐步展现出来
If you develop the idea further, I will be interested in discussing it. 如果你进一步阐述这个论点，我将有兴趣讨论它。

5. 患病
I developed a cold last week. 上周我患了感冒。

6. 冲洗软片
Let's have these pictures developed.让我们把这些照片冲洗出来吧。

2006湖北25】It’s already 10 o’clock. I wonder how it _______ that she was two hours late on such a short trip.
A. came over
B. came out
C. came about
D. came up
【答案】C
【解析】考查短语动词辨析。

come about发生。

句意：已经10点钟。

我想知道这样短的路程她晚了两个小时。

come over从远处来，改变立场；come out出现，消息传出，真相大白，出版；come up被提出，长出地面；come through经历病、险情等，度过；come along赶快，加紧努力。

【语言学习】come up
1. 走近；走过来；到来
A beggar came up to us and ask for money. 一个乞丐走过来向我们要钱。

2. 提及；被提出
The question of wage increases came up at the board meeting. 增加工资问题已在董事会上提出。

3. 发生；出现
I shall write to you if anything comes up. 如果发生了什么事情我将写信告诉你。

【2006湖北26】The building around the corner caught fire last night. The police are now _______ the matter.
A. seeing though
B. working out
C. looking into
D. watching over
【答案】C
【解析】考查短语动词辨析。

look into调查。

句意：角落处的建筑昨晚着火了，警察正在调查此事。

see though看透；work out解答，结果为，锻炼；watch over看守，监视。

【语言学习】look into
1. 窥视；向里面看去
He looked into the box to see if the tool was there. 他朝箱子里看，看看工具是否在里面。

2. 调查；研究；观察；检查
The police are looking into the pearl robbery. 警方正在调查这起珠宝抢劫案。

【2006湖北27】As I grow up in a small town at the foot of a mountain, the visit to the village _______ scenes of my childhood.
A. called up
B. called for
C. called on
D. called in
【答案】A
【解析】考查短语动词辨析。

call up使想起，记起。

句意：我是在山脚下的一个小镇长大的，去该地的参观让我回想起了解我的童年。

【语言学习】call for要求，需要；
call on拜访某人，号召；
call in收回，召集；
call off下令停止，取消；
call at 拜访某地
【语言学习】call up
1. 向上叫喊
"Tom, your friend is coming to see you," Jenny called up from the basement. “汤姆，你的朋友来看你，”珍妮从地下室向上喊道。

2. 使人想起，使回忆起
T he girl's face called up in his mind the image of his dead wife. 这个女孩的面貌使他回想起他死去的妻子的形象。

3. 打电话；打电话给…：
On reaching home, she called up Kate. 到家后，她给凯特打了个电话。

4. 叫醒，唤醒：
Please call me up at six tomorrow morning. 请在明早六点叫醒我。

【2006湖北28】Although the wind has_______, the rain remains steady, so you still need a raincoat.
A. turned up
B. gone back
C. died down
D. blown out
【答案】C
【解析】考查短语动词辨析。

die down风平静。

句意：虽然风逐渐平静了，但是雨还没有停，所以及你最好穿上雨衣。

turn up出现，出席，将音量、煤气、自来水等的开关扭大些；go back 返回；blow out吹灭，车胎等突然爆炸。

【2006江西34】For all these years, I have been working for others. I’m hoping I’ll _______ my own my business some day.
A. turn up
B. fix up
C. set up
D. make up
【答案】C
【解析】考查短语动词辨析。

set up 建立，建立，开办等。

句意：这些年来我一直为他人工作，我希望有一天可以开创自己的事业。

【语言学习】set about doing开始；
set out to do & on sth 动身，出发/开始，着手做某事；
set off动身，出发/ 引爆（地雷、烟花）等；
set sail 扬帆起航
set free释放
set foot in进入到某地
set fire to放火烧
set aside存蓄
set an example to树立榜样
be set in故事发生在；以……为背景
It’s ten years since the scientists set out on his life’s work of discover ing the valuable chemical.
In tradition, the Chinese people, especially children, like to set off fireworks in the Spring Festival.
Having decided to rent a flat, we set about contacting all the accommodation agencies in the city. 【2006辽宁22】The computer system _______ suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet.
A. broken down
B. broke out
C. broke up
D. broke in
【答案】A
【解析】考查短语动词辨析。

break down机器出故障，谈判破裂，身体或精神衰弱，分解句子或化学成分等。

题中意为“系统崩溃”。

句意：他在上网搜索信息时，电脑突然出故障了。

【语言学习】break out战争，疾病，暴乱等突然发生；
break up瓦解，分散人群，关系的破裂等；
break in强行进入，打断谈话等；
break though突破，克服；
break away from脱离；
break into闯入建筑物，突然发出（大笑）等；
break with与…断交。

【语言学习】break down的用法
1. (机器等)发生故障，失效，出毛病
The car broke down. 汽车坏了。

2. 坍塌；崩溃，瓦解
The bridge broke down in last earthquake. 那座桥在上次地震中坍塌了。

3. 中断，中止，破裂
Talks have broken down over the disputed territory. 对有争议的领土问题的谈判破裂了。

4. (使)感情上失去控制，放声痛哭起来
She broke down and wept at the sad news. 她控制不住感情，为此噩耗而哭泣。

5. 在健康或精神等方面垮掉，垮下来，健康等变得衰弱，由于过度忧愁或工作而精神不支His health has broken down because of working too hard. 他因工作过度劳累，身体垮下来了。

6. 分成若干部分；把(化合物等)分解；把(机器等)拆散
to break down a beef carcass into basis cuts 把牛肉畜体分切成几大
【2006福建28】She _______ Japanese when she was in Japan. Now she can speak it freely.
A. picked out
B. made out
C. made up
D. picked up
【答案】D
【解析】考查短语动词辨析。

pick up偶然地学得、获得，拾起，捡起，收听到，用车搭载人，恢复健康、体力、精神等，加速，染上坏习惯等。

题中意为“偶然地学得”。

句意：她在日本学会了些日语。

现在能流畅地讲日语。

【语言学习】pick out选择，分辨；
make out看出来，认出来，了解，断言、认为（+ that ）；
make up组成，化装，打扮。

【2006山东25】Someone who lacks staying power and perseverance is unlikely to _______ a good researcher.
A. make
B. turn
C. get
D. grow
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词辨析。

make成为。

句意：没有耐力和毅力的人是无望成为一位好的研究人员的。

turn达到并超过，成为（后面的名词不用冠词），变得（接形容词）；get达到认识或者感觉的阶段（get to do）；grow变成，逐渐喜欢上……（grow to do ）。

【语言学习】请注意下面各句子中以上词语的含义：
He has turned / reached the age of 55.（达到并超过）
They soon get to friends.（达到认识的阶段）
It began to grow dark.（变得）
My friendship with him grows to be considerable. （逐渐达到）
One grows to like what one is accustomed to. （逐渐喜欢上）
He used to be a teacher. Now he turns writer.（成为）
【2006山东34】After he retired from office, Rogers _______ painting for a while, but soon lost interest.
A. took up
B. saved up
C. kept up
D. drew up
【答案】A
【解析】考查短语动词辨析。

take up对……有兴趣，从事某事，把……作为嗜好。

句意：罗杰斯退休以后，在一段时间内他喜欢上了画画，但是不久就没有兴趣了。

save up储存；
keep up保持，振奋，使情绪不低落；draw up草拟，车辆停止。

【语言学习】注意下面各句子中有关短语的含义。

You’d better save up some money for a holiday.
Don’t lose heart. Please keep up courage / spirits.
The taxi drew up in front of the station.
【语言学习】take up
1. 拿起，拔起
She took up the receiver and began to dial the number. 她拿起听筒开始拨电话号码。

They took up arms and fought for their faith and liberty. 他们拿起武器为信仰和自由而斗争。

2. 占用，占(地方)：
All available accommodation were taken up.房间都住满了。

3. 占去(地方、时间、注意力等)；费(时间)；占据(注意力)：
I'm sorry I've already taken up so much of your valuable time. 对不起，我占了你这么多宝贵时间。

The piano takes up too much space. 这架钢琴占地方太多。

4. 开始从事(一项事业、一种职业等)，学习(某种知识、技能等)；着手处理(某事)
He took up writing after graduation. 毕业后他开始从事写作。

to take up swimming 开始学游泳
5. 接着讲，接下去说；继续(中断的话)
The teacher took up the lesson where he left off last week. 老师接着上星期停下来的地方把课文讲下去。

【2006浙江8】We’re trying to ring you back, Bryan, but we think we _______ your number incorrectly.
A. looked up
B. took down
C. worked out
D. brought about
【答案】B
【解析】考查短语动词辨析。

take down写下，记录。

句意：我设法打电话叫你回来，但我可能记错了你的电话号码。

注意；此句不能理解为在电话簿中去查号码。

look up查，仰视；work out结果为，计算出；bring about引起，导致，带来。

take down
1. 取下；拿下；放下；降低
He took down a dictionary from the top shelf. 他从书架顶格拿下了一本词典。

I took down the old picture and hung up a new one. 我取下了旧画，挂了一幅新的。

2. 拆掉房屋等，拆散，拆卸，拆开机器等
They have taken down the old water tower. 他们已经拆掉了那座旧水塔。

The machine gun isn't taken down easily. 这机关枪不容易拆卸。

3. 使下降；使下沉
The pilot took down the plane in a perfect landing. 飞行员架着飞机平稳着陆。

4. 吞下；咽下
She took some pills down before she went to bed. 她睡觉前吞了一些药丸。

5. 写下；录下，记下
The reporter took the speech down with a recorder. 记者用录音机录下了那篇讲演。

The secretary took down the minutes of the meeting. 秘书做了会议记录。

【2006浙江20】—What should I do first?
—The instructions _______ that you should mix flour with water carefully first.
A. go
B. tell
C. write
D. say
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词辨析。

句意：说明书上说首先将面粉与水混合起来。

say某物上写着什么内容。

He message says……；The book doesn’t say……；The notice say……等为常用句型。

【2006四川25】—The boss said we had only three days to finish the work.
—Don’t worry. We have already _______ two thirds of it.
A. got down
B. got though
C. given in
D. given away
【答案】B
【解析】考查短语动词辨析。

get though通过，完成。

句意：—老板说我们只剩三天时间去完成工作了。

—别担心，我们已经完成了三分之二的工作。

get down记下，使沮丧；give in 投降，认输，屈服；give way赠送，泄露。

【语言学习】注意下面各句子中以上短语的含义
Don’t get this cold weather get you down.
Did you get that telephone message down?
As soon as I got through (with) my work, I’ll join you in the game.
I failed, but his sister got through.
He gave away all his money.
The rebels were forced to give in.
Her expression on her face gave her away.
【2006安徽24】It was already past midnight and only three young men _______ in the tea house.
A. left
B. remained
C. delayed
D. deserted
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词辨析。

remain 留下，继续存在、保持。

句中意为“留下”。

句意：已经是深夜,只有三个年轻人留在茶馆。

leave离开，剩下，使留下；delay延迟，延期；desert 离开，放弃，抛弃，背弃等。

A项要被动语态。

【2006安徽33】—Four dollars a pair? I think it’s a bit too much.
—If you buy three pairs, the price of each will _______ to three fifty.
A. come down
B. take down
C. turn over
D. go over
【答案】A
【解析】考查短语动词辨析。

come down物价、气温等跌落或者下降。

句意：—4美元一副呢?我认为这有点太贵。

—如果你买三双,价格会降到3.5美元。

take down写下，记下；turn over 打翻，（+ to ）移交；go over温习。

【语言学习】come down
1. 下降，落下，下(雨、雪等)
Her temperature came down in the evening. 到了晚上她的体温就降下来了。

The rain came down in bucketfuls. 大雨倾盆而下。

2. (物价等)跌落
The price of coal has come down this week. 本周煤价跌落下来。

3.崩溃；掉下；垮
The roof came down on our heads. 屋顶掉下来砸在我们头上。

4. 由城市等大地方到乡下等小地方
He came down from Shanghai last year and settled in the village. 他去年从上海来到农村定居。

【2006陕西14】With on one to _______ in such a frightening situation, she felt very helpless.
A. turn on
B. turn off
C. turn over
D. turn to
【答案】D
【解析】考查短语动词辨析。

turn to向某人寻求帮助。

句意：没人可求助，在这样一个可怕的情况,她觉得非常无助。

【语言学习】turn on打开，使高兴、兴奋；
turn off关上电视、收音机、自来水等，扫某人兴致；
turn over打翻，移交（turn over to）；
turn down拒绝，将电视、收音机、自来水等的开关扭小些；
turn away拒绝进入某地；
turn out结果是，证明为；
turn up出现，出席，到达，将电视、收音机、自来水等的开关扭大些。

Some girls turn on easily. This music really turns me off.
【2006江苏25】—Are you going to have a holiday this year?
—I’d love to. I can’t wait to leave this place _______.
A. off
B. out
C. behind
D. over
【答案】C
【解析】考查短语动词辨析。

leave behind留下。

句意：—你打算今年度假吗?—是的，我迫不及待的想离开这个地方。

leave off停止；leave out忽略，遗漏，删除；leave over延后；leave alone不干涉。

【2006广东24】The traffic lights _______ green and I pulled away.
A. came
B. grew
C. got
D. went
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词辨析。

句意：交通灯变绿了，我开车走了。

指颜色的变化常用go或turn。

【2006广东25】I was still sleeping when the fire _______, and then it spread quickly.
A broke out B. put out C. came out D. got out
【答案】A
【解析】考查短语动词辨析。

break out战争、疾病等的爆发。

句意：火灾发生时,我还在睡觉,然后迅速蔓延。

put out扑灭，生产；come out出来，出版；get out出去。

【2006上海43】Try not to start every sentence with “the”. _______ the beginnings of your sentences.
A. Vary
B. Decorate
C. Form
D. Describe
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词辨析。

vary改变，使有变化。

句意：尽量不要用the开始每一句话。

改变你开始的句子。

decorate装饰；form形成，制作，养成，组成；describe描写，描绘，形容。