英语句子成分讲解简单版

4．主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语
1）He has fetched us some new textbooks. 主语 谓语 间接宾语 直接宾语
2）Grandma cooked us a nice meal. 主语 谓语 间接宾语 直接宾语
3）The man told the girl that he wants to test her the subject. 4）The boy asked me if I could speak Chinese.
句子
动词/动词短语
三）表语系它动的词位、置连在系__动__词___________之后。是用来说明主语的_______,______, _______的.
性质
特征
状态
1.
My father is a professor.
2.
Who's that? It's me.
名词 n
3.
Everything here is expensive.
英语句子成分讲解简单版
句子成分详解表
句子成分
意义
主语
表示句子说的是什么人或什么 事
谓语 宾语 表语
定语
说明主语做什么，是什么或怎 么样 表示动作行为的对象
与联系动词连用，一起构成谓 语，说明主语的性质或特征
用来修饰名词或代词
状语
修饰动词，形容词，副词，表 示动作发生的时间，地点，原 因，目的，方式，结果等
3.
We found everything in good order there.
4.
I should advise you to get the chance.
5.
I saw him going upstairs.
6.
They found the house broken in.
名词 形容词
现在分词 doing
与宾语补足语一样
口诀记忆
主谓宾表定状补，解释说明同位语。 句子主干主谓宾（表），辅助成分定状补。
定语修饰名词代，状修动词还有副。 主谓人称数一致，宾语之后常有补。
系动词
二.五种简单句基本句型 主语+系+表语
动词
不及物动词
主语+谓语
及物动词
1.
主语+谓语+宾语
2.
主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语
3.
动词副词
动词介词
Exercise
• 我每天起的很早，走到小花园，坐在凳子上。 _______________________________________________ Every day I get up early, walk to the park and sit on the bench.
4.
The match became very exciting.
代词 pron
5.
The story of my life may be of help to others.
6.
Three times five is fifteen.
形容词 adj
7.
His plan is to seek work in the city.
介词短语 to do 不定式
done 过去分词
宾语和宾语补足语一起构成动词的复合结构
八）主语补足语 如果上述结构变成被动语态，原宾语成为主语，原宾语补足语相应地变为主语补足语
1.
I was elected captain of the team.
2.
Our country will be made strong.
2.
把鱼放在冰箱里，否则它会变坏的。_____________________________________.
3.
这 Yo种u s炎to热ry的so天un气de将d 会ve保ry持in几ter天es。tin_g_.___________________________________.
4.
这个计划证明是可行的。____________________________________.
充当词类
名，代，数，不定 式，动名词，短语或 句子 动词或动词词组
同主语 同主语
形，代，数，名, 副，介词短语或句子
副词，介词短语或句 子
例句 We study in HuangQiao Middle School.
She is dancing under the tree.
Both of us like English. Her father is a chemist. His words sound reasonable. We have eight lessons every day.
Put the fish into fridge, or they will go bad.
The hot day will remain/stay/ keep a few days. The plan turned out/proved （to be) practical.
2．主语 + 谓语
1）Building has started. 主语 谓语
3．主语 + 谓语 + 宾语
1.
The boss employed five more workers.
主语 谓语 宾语
1.
My brother takes care of the vegetable garden.
2.
Few students like taking exams.
3.
He forgot to close the door.
2.
Tom's father didn't write home until yesterday.
名词
3.
Mary is a beautiful girl.
4.
The play has three acts.
5.
This is her first trip to Europe.
6.
China is a developing country.
时间状语
5.
The fish can eat a person in two minutes , leaving only bones
6.
The students came into the classroom, singing and dancing.
原因状语
7.
If he goes, so will I .
8.
Though he is a child, he knows a lot.
目的状语
结果状语
伴随状语
条件状语
让步状语
七）宾语补足语。英语有些及物动词，除了要有宾语之外，还要加上宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义 完整。
1.
They elected me captain of the team.
2.
We try to make our country strong.
8.
My first idea was that you should hide your feelings.
adj
介词短语
数词
to do不定式
句子
（四）宾语 表示动作的对象，是动作动的词承/动受词者短。语宾语一般放在___________之后。介__词___词后也会跟宾语。
1.
She covered her face with her hands.
形容词 adj
7. 8.
I have Those
nothing to eat. who want to go
to
Tibet
are
to
sign
their
name数s h词ere.
名词所有格
形容词 /序数词 /to do 不定式
现在分词 doing
to do 不定式
从句
六）状语 状语表示地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、伴随情况等。
2.
We haven't seen her for a long time.
3.
Do you mind opening the window?
4.
Give me four please.
5.
He wants to dream a nice dream.
6.
We need know what others are doing.
7.
We should care more about our friends.
代词和数词
名词 n 代词 pron 动名词
to do不定式 句子
介词+名词
名
（五）定语 是修饰___词.单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰前的名词之_____；短语和从句作定语时则放 在它所修饰的名词之_____。
后
1.
They are woman workers.
get/ become/ turn/grow/go
taste/ smell/ feel/look/sound
stay/ keep/remain Seem appear
turn out/ prove(to be)
Exercises
1.
你的故事听起来很有趣。____________________________________.
3.
他H许e d诺ro给ve我so一f个ast礼th物at。h_e_b_r_ok_e__th_e__tr_a_ff_i_c_r_u_le_s_. _____________.
He took out a beer and drank it up quickly.
He promised to give me a gift.
4.
I hope I can speak English fluently.
Exercise
1.
他因为车子开得太快而违反了交通规则。________________________________.
2.
他拿出一瓶啤酒，很快将其喝光。________________________________.
the
weather.
数词
• 二）谓语由_____________担任。助t动o d词o或不情定态式动词加其他动词的适当形式也构成谓语动词。
Action speaks louder than words. The chance may never come again.
doingห้องสมุดไป่ตู้名词
Mary has been working at the dress shop since 1994.
主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语
1．主语 + 系动词 + 表语
1）Our city is at the crossing of some important railways. 主语 系动词 表语
2）The city will become rich. 主语 系动词 表语
• 在这类结构中最常用的系动词是： “变化”类：______________________________________________. “感官”类: ______________________________________________. “持续”类：___________________________________________. 其他：（似乎）________ _______ (证明是)_________
He works very hard. They held a party in Hollywood.
宾语 补足语
逻辑上与宾语是主谓关系
形容词，名词，介词 短语等
She always keeps the house clean.
主语谓语是基础，宾表定状补辅助。宾主来自名代数，动词作谓不可无！
英语的句子成分：
1.
The best fish swim near the bottom.
2.
I left the village five years ago.
地点状语
3.
I arrived late because of the traffic jam .
4.
We'll send a car to fetch you.
2）The train leaves at 7:40. 主语 谓语
• ______搭配：The teacher teaches well. The child walks very slowly.
• _____搭配： The girl looked at the picture. The children ran to the forest.
• 一） 主语：
Walls have ears.
He will take you to the hospital. 名词
Three plus four equals seven. To see is to believe.
代词
Smoking is Whether or
not not
allowed in public places. they will come depends on