项目投资决策财务金融建模(PE)
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投资项目决策金融建模 Building Financial Model Richard V2.0
2010-12-26
Contents
模块一:财务模型概览 模块二:财务模型基础
模块三:财务模型详解
模块四:投资决策模型与PE/VC估值模型比较
About Richard
教育路径 •97年本科毕业 •03年MBA毕业 •06年获得CFA
项目建议书/商 业计划书 DCF/Relative
财务模型介绍 模型展示
投行模型:Goldman Sachs, Merry Lych, Lehman Brothers, Jpmorgan 兼并收购/LBO: UBS 集团公司投资决策:FSR
财务模型介绍
Firm Value
Present Value/Inv estment
财务模型基础-资产负债表
Opening Pro Forma 2008 2008 Cash and Cash Equivalents Accounts Receivable Inventories Prepaids and Other Current Assets Total Current Assets Property, Plant and Equipment, net Goodwill and Intangible Assets Other Assets Deferred Financing Fees Total Assets $25.0 165.0 125.0 10.0 $325.0 650.0 175.0 75.0 $1,225.0 165.0 125.0 10.0 $300.0 650.0 300.0 75.0 20.0 $1,345.0 Year 1 2009 178.2 135.0 10.8 $324.0 650.0 300.0 75.0 17.5 $1,366.5 Year 2 2010 188.9 143.1 11.4 $343.4 650.0 300.0 75.0 15.1 $1,383.5 Year 3 2011 196.4 148.8 11.9 $357.2 650.0 300.0 75.0 12.6 $1,394.8 Year 4 2012 202.3 153.3 12.3 $367.9 650.0 300.0 75.0 10.2 $1,403.1
Free Cash Flow T1
Free Cash Flow T2
Free Cash Flow T3
Terminal Value
Discounted at Cost of Capital or Equity
财务模型介绍
建模学LBO 建模
Third Step
股票/公司估值建模
财务模型基础-(1)-Real World
投资决策指标的学术讨论与工作实践 NPV vs IRR IRR的实际含义:再投资收益率 IRR与XIRR;NPV与XNPV
财务模型基础-(1)财务分析
财务模型的核心报表
建设期利 息 流动资金 折旧 财务费用 及还款计划
Balance sheet Income Statement
Cash flow statem ent
Other support sheets • Revenue/growth, sales,price • COGS • Depreciation table • Loan • Working capital
财务模型基础-(1)-损益表
Year 1 2009 Sales % growth Cost of Goods Sold Gross Profit % margin Selling, General & Administrative % sales Other Expense / (Income) EBITDA % margin Depreciation & Amortization EBIT % margin Interest Expense Net Interest Expense Earnings Before Taxes Income Tax Expense Net Income % margin $1,080.0 8.0% 648.0 $432.0 40.0% 270.0 25.0% $162.0 15.0% 21.6 $140.4 13.0% $60.9 79.5 30.2 $49.3 4.6% Year 2 2010 $1,144.8 6.0% 686.9 $457.9 40.0% 286.2 25.0% $171.7 15.0% 22.9 $148.8 13.0% $58.4 90.4 34.4 $56.1 4.9% Year 3 2011 $1,190.6 4.0% 714.4 $476.2 40.0% 297.6 25.0% $178.6 15.0% 23.8 $154.8 13.0% $55.2 99.6 37.9 $61.8 5.2% Year 4 2012 $1,226.3 3.0% 735.8 $490.5 40.0% 306.6 25.0% $183.9 15.0% 24.5 $159.4 13.0% $51.7 107.7 40.9 $66.8 5.4%
职业路径
•97-01 特大型央企建模 •03-07 大型国企投资 •07外企能源投资建模
获得学位是转换职业路径的重要方式; 获得CFA等职业资格证书有利于提升竞争力; 经验是职业发展中最关键的因素; 人脉是获得机遇的最重要因素;
模块一 财务模型介绍
两A
模块一 建模 模块三
模块二
模块四
财务模型介绍
2
Tax
3
Law
行业知识+Excel
财务模型基础-(1)-基本概念
公司金融资本预算的基本概念 资本预算(资本投资决策) 沉没成本、机会成本、资本成本(WACC) 替代项目(更新改造)、新建项目、兼并收购 相关现金流界定 投资决策指标 IRR NPV Payback period PI(获利指数):投产后净现金流现值/投资现值
Second Step
基础设施/工业项目建模
First Step
行业背景/基础的金融知识/Excel
模块二 财务模型基础
两A
模块一 建模 模块三
模块二
模块四
财务模型基础-科学 vs 艺术?
1
Corporate Finance 财务分析基础 资本预算 风险分析 所得税 增值税 营业税 其他
财务模型基础-(1)-资产负债表
Accounts Payable Accrued Liabilities Other Current Liabilities Total Current Liabilities Revolving Credit Facility Term Loan A Term Loan B Term Loan C Existing Term Loan 2nd Lien Senior Notes Senior Subordinated Notes Other Debt Other Long-Term Liabilities Total Liabilities Noncontrolling Interest Shareholders' Equity Total Shareholders' Equity Total Liabilities and Equity Balance Check 75.0 100.0 25.0 $200.0 300.0 25.0 $525.0 700.0 $700.0 $1,225.0 0.000 75.0 100.0 25.0 $200.0 450.0 300.0 25.0 $975.0 370.0 $370.0 $1,345.0 0.000 81.0 108.0 27.0 $216.0 406.3 300.0 25.0 $947.3 419.3 $419.3 $1,366.5 0.000 85.9 114.5 28.6 $229.0 354.2 300.0 25.0 $908.2 475.3 $475.3 $1,383.5 0.000 89.3 119.1 29.8 $238.1 294.6 300.0 25.0 $857.7 537.1 $537.1 $1,394.8 0.000 92.0 122.6 30.7 $245.3 228.9 300.0 25.0 $799.2 603.9 $603.9 $1,403.1 0.000
职业岗位 我们的课程 功能
投资决策 兼并收购/LBO 股票/公司估值 其他金融应用 衍生品定价 投资组合管理
集团公司投资决 策; 基础设施; 工业项目; 成熟项目; 投行估值: 兼并收购/LBO
集团公司投资部 PE/VC 基金公司 证券公司 投资银行 商业银行 各领导岗位
Company Logo
财务模型介绍
集团公司 银行
投行 基金 券商
兼并收购/股票估 值 DCF Relative method/Compar e LBO杠杆收购 DCF
PE/VC
可行性研究报告 (FSR)中的经济 评价(Economic Evaluation) DCF IRR NPV Payback Period
Common Stock Retained earnings
Ending cash from Prior year
财务模型基础-(1)-现金流量表
Cash flow statement
Net income + Depreciation & Amortisation + Foreign exchange (gains) / losses + VAT rebate + Change in working capital Cash flows from operations + (Capital expenditures) + (Capitalised interest) Cash flow from investments + Contribution of registered capital + Issuance of debt + Replacement of short-term loans + (Debt repayment) + (Capital repatriation) + (Dividends) Cash flow from financing Increase / (decrease) in cash at project level Opening Cash balance Closing cash balance RMB mn RMB mn RMB mn RMB mn RMB mn RMB mn RMB mn RMB mn RMB mn RMB mn RMB mn RMB mn RMB mn RMB mn RMB mn RMB mn RMB mn RMB mn RMB mn (500.0) (6.0) (506.0) 310.3 195.7 506.0 (500.0) (28.2) (528.2) 528.2 528.2 15.2 37.2 (8.2) 44.2 (55.7) (55.7) (11.5) (11.5) 17.3 37.2 54.5 (55.7) (55.7) (1.2) (11.5) (12.7)
财务模型基础-5
Balance Sheet ASSETS Cash Current assets Net PPE Long-term Assets LIABILITIES&EQUITY Current liabilities Debt Revenue Expenses EBIT Interest EBT Tax Net Income Net income + Source of Cash Use of cash = Change in Cash Income Statement
2010-12-26
Contents
模块一:财务模型概览 模块二:财务模型基础
模块三:财务模型详解
模块四:投资决策模型与PE/VC估值模型比较
About Richard
教育路径 •97年本科毕业 •03年MBA毕业 •06年获得CFA
项目建议书/商 业计划书 DCF/Relative
财务模型介绍 模型展示
投行模型:Goldman Sachs, Merry Lych, Lehman Brothers, Jpmorgan 兼并收购/LBO: UBS 集团公司投资决策:FSR
财务模型介绍
Firm Value
Present Value/Inv estment
财务模型基础-资产负债表
Opening Pro Forma 2008 2008 Cash and Cash Equivalents Accounts Receivable Inventories Prepaids and Other Current Assets Total Current Assets Property, Plant and Equipment, net Goodwill and Intangible Assets Other Assets Deferred Financing Fees Total Assets $25.0 165.0 125.0 10.0 $325.0 650.0 175.0 75.0 $1,225.0 165.0 125.0 10.0 $300.0 650.0 300.0 75.0 20.0 $1,345.0 Year 1 2009 178.2 135.0 10.8 $324.0 650.0 300.0 75.0 17.5 $1,366.5 Year 2 2010 188.9 143.1 11.4 $343.4 650.0 300.0 75.0 15.1 $1,383.5 Year 3 2011 196.4 148.8 11.9 $357.2 650.0 300.0 75.0 12.6 $1,394.8 Year 4 2012 202.3 153.3 12.3 $367.9 650.0 300.0 75.0 10.2 $1,403.1
Free Cash Flow T1
Free Cash Flow T2
Free Cash Flow T3
Terminal Value
Discounted at Cost of Capital or Equity
财务模型介绍
建模学LBO 建模
Third Step
股票/公司估值建模
财务模型基础-(1)-Real World
投资决策指标的学术讨论与工作实践 NPV vs IRR IRR的实际含义:再投资收益率 IRR与XIRR;NPV与XNPV
财务模型基础-(1)财务分析
财务模型的核心报表
建设期利 息 流动资金 折旧 财务费用 及还款计划
Balance sheet Income Statement
Cash flow statem ent
Other support sheets • Revenue/growth, sales,price • COGS • Depreciation table • Loan • Working capital
财务模型基础-(1)-损益表
Year 1 2009 Sales % growth Cost of Goods Sold Gross Profit % margin Selling, General & Administrative % sales Other Expense / (Income) EBITDA % margin Depreciation & Amortization EBIT % margin Interest Expense Net Interest Expense Earnings Before Taxes Income Tax Expense Net Income % margin $1,080.0 8.0% 648.0 $432.0 40.0% 270.0 25.0% $162.0 15.0% 21.6 $140.4 13.0% $60.9 79.5 30.2 $49.3 4.6% Year 2 2010 $1,144.8 6.0% 686.9 $457.9 40.0% 286.2 25.0% $171.7 15.0% 22.9 $148.8 13.0% $58.4 90.4 34.4 $56.1 4.9% Year 3 2011 $1,190.6 4.0% 714.4 $476.2 40.0% 297.6 25.0% $178.6 15.0% 23.8 $154.8 13.0% $55.2 99.6 37.9 $61.8 5.2% Year 4 2012 $1,226.3 3.0% 735.8 $490.5 40.0% 306.6 25.0% $183.9 15.0% 24.5 $159.4 13.0% $51.7 107.7 40.9 $66.8 5.4%
职业路径
•97-01 特大型央企建模 •03-07 大型国企投资 •07外企能源投资建模
获得学位是转换职业路径的重要方式; 获得CFA等职业资格证书有利于提升竞争力; 经验是职业发展中最关键的因素; 人脉是获得机遇的最重要因素;
模块一 财务模型介绍
两A
模块一 建模 模块三
模块二
模块四
财务模型介绍
2
Tax
3
Law
行业知识+Excel
财务模型基础-(1)-基本概念
公司金融资本预算的基本概念 资本预算(资本投资决策) 沉没成本、机会成本、资本成本(WACC) 替代项目(更新改造)、新建项目、兼并收购 相关现金流界定 投资决策指标 IRR NPV Payback period PI(获利指数):投产后净现金流现值/投资现值
Second Step
基础设施/工业项目建模
First Step
行业背景/基础的金融知识/Excel
模块二 财务模型基础
两A
模块一 建模 模块三
模块二
模块四
财务模型基础-科学 vs 艺术?
1
Corporate Finance 财务分析基础 资本预算 风险分析 所得税 增值税 营业税 其他
财务模型基础-(1)-资产负债表
Accounts Payable Accrued Liabilities Other Current Liabilities Total Current Liabilities Revolving Credit Facility Term Loan A Term Loan B Term Loan C Existing Term Loan 2nd Lien Senior Notes Senior Subordinated Notes Other Debt Other Long-Term Liabilities Total Liabilities Noncontrolling Interest Shareholders' Equity Total Shareholders' Equity Total Liabilities and Equity Balance Check 75.0 100.0 25.0 $200.0 300.0 25.0 $525.0 700.0 $700.0 $1,225.0 0.000 75.0 100.0 25.0 $200.0 450.0 300.0 25.0 $975.0 370.0 $370.0 $1,345.0 0.000 81.0 108.0 27.0 $216.0 406.3 300.0 25.0 $947.3 419.3 $419.3 $1,366.5 0.000 85.9 114.5 28.6 $229.0 354.2 300.0 25.0 $908.2 475.3 $475.3 $1,383.5 0.000 89.3 119.1 29.8 $238.1 294.6 300.0 25.0 $857.7 537.1 $537.1 $1,394.8 0.000 92.0 122.6 30.7 $245.3 228.9 300.0 25.0 $799.2 603.9 $603.9 $1,403.1 0.000
职业岗位 我们的课程 功能
投资决策 兼并收购/LBO 股票/公司估值 其他金融应用 衍生品定价 投资组合管理
集团公司投资决 策; 基础设施; 工业项目; 成熟项目; 投行估值: 兼并收购/LBO
集团公司投资部 PE/VC 基金公司 证券公司 投资银行 商业银行 各领导岗位
Company Logo
财务模型介绍
集团公司 银行
投行 基金 券商
兼并收购/股票估 值 DCF Relative method/Compar e LBO杠杆收购 DCF
PE/VC
可行性研究报告 (FSR)中的经济 评价(Economic Evaluation) DCF IRR NPV Payback Period
Common Stock Retained earnings
Ending cash from Prior year
财务模型基础-(1)-现金流量表
Cash flow statement
Net income + Depreciation & Amortisation + Foreign exchange (gains) / losses + VAT rebate + Change in working capital Cash flows from operations + (Capital expenditures) + (Capitalised interest) Cash flow from investments + Contribution of registered capital + Issuance of debt + Replacement of short-term loans + (Debt repayment) + (Capital repatriation) + (Dividends) Cash flow from financing Increase / (decrease) in cash at project level Opening Cash balance Closing cash balance RMB mn RMB mn RMB mn RMB mn RMB mn RMB mn RMB mn RMB mn RMB mn RMB mn RMB mn RMB mn RMB mn RMB mn RMB mn RMB mn RMB mn RMB mn RMB mn (500.0) (6.0) (506.0) 310.3 195.7 506.0 (500.0) (28.2) (528.2) 528.2 528.2 15.2 37.2 (8.2) 44.2 (55.7) (55.7) (11.5) (11.5) 17.3 37.2 54.5 (55.7) (55.7) (1.2) (11.5) (12.7)
财务模型基础-5
Balance Sheet ASSETS Cash Current assets Net PPE Long-term Assets LIABILITIES&EQUITY Current liabilities Debt Revenue Expenses EBIT Interest EBT Tax Net Income Net income + Source of Cash Use of cash = Change in Cash Income Statement