what 用法小结

一、what about与how about

用这两个短语放在句首的简略问句，都可以用来表示征求意见或询问情况。两者可以互换，但有时不能，what about也有别的用法和解释。例如：

What about going to Harbin tomorrow?

=How about going to Harbin tomorrow?

What about the funding? Where are we going to get it?

=How about the funding? Where are we going to get it?

注意what about有别的用法和解释。例如：

What about it? =What shall we do?

What about the others(Concerning the others, what is your plan or idea?

别的人怎么办？（至于别人，你有什么打算或意见？）

What about it? (Tell me more precisely what you mean.)

这是怎么回事？（把你的意思明确的地告诉我。）

二、what if, what of和what for

这三个短语的用法和含义各不相同。What if表示“倘若……将会怎样？即使……又有什么关系呢？”；what of 表示“……的情况怎样？……又有什么重要性呢？；what for为何目的？为什么？。例如：

What if it rains while we are out?

倘若我们外出遇上下雨，那怎么办呢？

What of it?那有什么了不起呢？（那又怎么样呢？）

Well, and what of it? (It has no importance.)

嗯，那又怎么样呢？（怎么，那有什么了不起？）

What for did you ask that silly question? Now he’s going to speak for another ten minutes. 你干吗要问那个愚蠢的问题？这一来他又得说上十分钟。

What did you do that for?

三、what作the thing that 或as much…as解。

What作关系代词，其作用相当于the thing或people that，请比较：

This is just what I have been looking forward to.

=This is just the book that I have been looking forward to.

The thing that I like most in her is her kindness.

=What I like most in her is her kindness.

The upstart is not what he was ten years ago.

=The upstart is not the man that was ten years ago.

这个暴发户已经不是十年前那个人了。

四、What作关系形容词，其作用相当于as much…as, whatever。请比较：

She will give the sick baby what care she can.

=She will give the sick baby as much care as she can.

Lend me what money you have on hand.

五、What …is或What…are

当what引导的从句作主语时，谓语动词要根据表语的内容判断。请比较：

What I need most are two books.

What I need most is only one book.

六、what is＋形容词或副词比较级

常用的短语有：what is more而且；what is/was worse 更糟糕的是；what is better而

且更可贵的是；what is the best of all最难能可贵的是，what is more important更重要的是；what is more disappointing而且更令人失望的是，等等。例如：

She said it, and what is more disappointing, she did. 她那样说了，而且更使人失望的是，她还那样做了。

And, what makes the matter worse, she has already taken to smoking. 而且，更糟糕的是，她已经迷上吸烟了。

七、What is…like?和What does…like?

前者like是介词,答语是形容词；而后者like是动词其答语是名词。例如：

What is your sister like? She is very clever.

What does she like? She likes picture books.

八、What is he like?和What is he?

前者指外貌和品行等,其答语用形容词；而后者则指职业，其答语是职业名词。例如：What was he like ten years ago? V ery honest.

What was he ten years ago? A teacher.

九、What+名词和what +little的区别。

前者表示：“所有的都”；而后者表示：“虽少但全部”。请比较：

She saved what little money she could out of her slim salary to help her brother go to school. 她从她微薄的薪金中尽量省出一些来帮助她兄弟上学。

She gave her sister what books she had .她把她所有的书都给她妹妹了。

十、what to do在句子中可作主语、宾语、表语等。例如：

What to do next has not been decided.

I don’t know what to do with these used desks.

十一、What one is和what one has的区别

前者指一个人的品质或特征；而后者指一个人的财富。请比较：

I married you not for what you have but for what you are.

我嫁给你不是为了你的财富，而是看上了你的人品。

十二、what with…and what with…和what by…and what by…两者表示：“一半由于……一半由于；一方面由于……一方面由于”。例如：

What with hard work and what with taking too little care of himself, our headmaster came to leave this world at the age of fifty.

一半由于工作太累，一半由于太不关心自己，所以我们的校长五十岁就去世了。

十三、whatever和no matter what区别

引导让步状语从句时，二者没有区别，但whatever可引导名词性从句也可以作限定词，而no matter what不能。请比较：

Whatever you do, you must do it well.

=No matter what you do, you must do it well.

Whatever you do should be done well.

Whatever books you have, you should often read.

Whatever you say goes. =Anything that you say goes. 无论你说什么，都会照办。

十四、what引导感叹句。例如：

What a good student he is! What a Chinese!