(英语)高三英语完形填空夹叙夹议解析版汇编含解析

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(英语)高三英语完形填空夹叙夹议解析版汇编含解析
一、高中英语完形填空夹叙夹议
1.完形填空
“Look, it's Baldy!” A boy shouted in my direction across the playground. Even though I was used to regular insults (侮辱) because of the 1 on my head, it was 2 horrible to hear. I sighed as I headed back to the class.
When I was just 20 months old, I suffered serious 3 after a bowl full of hot oil fell on my head. I was 4 to hospital and had to stay there for weeks while the doctors 5 to sa ve my life. “Holly’s very 6 to be alive,' "they told Mum and Dad. “But she’ll be 7 with scars on her head, and of course her hair won’t grow there. ”
As a child, I cared much about my scars, so I 8 wore a scarf to cover them up when I left home. 9 I didn't, people would call me horrible names like Baldy. Although my friends were always comforting me, they never 10 understood how it felt.
Then through the hospital I was 11 to a children’s burns camp, where children like me can get any help. There, I 12 14-year-old Stephanie, whose burns are a lot more serious than mine. But she is so 13 that she never lets anyone put her down. "You shouldn’t
14 what people say about what you look like because we're not different from anyone else, Holly,” she 15 me. “And you don’t need to wear a scarf because you look great 16 it! ” For the first time in my life I could speak to someone who’d been through something
17 .So weeks later, at my 13th birthday party, 18 by her bravery, I gave up my scarf and showed off my scars. It felt amazing not having to 19 away behind my scarf.
Now, I am 20 of what I look like and much happier, because I have realized it is your personality(个性) that decides who you truly are.
1. A. hat B. scarf C. scars D. cuts
2. A. still B. just C. never D. seldom
3. A. hunger B. cold C. defeats D. burns
4. A. rushed B. led C. invited D. forced
5. A. learned B. fought C. returned D. decided
6. A. happy B. lucky C. lonely D. poor
7. A. pressed B. occupied C. left D. painted
8. A. possibly B. usually C. finally D. nearly
9. A. Although B. Since C. If D. Before
10. A. correctly B. roughly C. easily D. really
11. A. promoted B. introduced C. reported D. carried
12. A. met B. recognized C. remembered D. caught
13. A. honest B. strong C. active D. young
14. A. write down B. agree with C. pass on D. listen to
15. A. promised B. encouraged C. ordered D. calmed
16. A. in B. for C. without D. beyond
17. A. similar B. strange C. hard D. important
18. A. allowed B. required C. guided D. inspired
19. A. hide B. give C. keep D. put
20. A. sick B. aware C. tired D. proud
【答案】(1)C;(2)A;(3)D;(4)A;(5)B;(6)B;(7)C;(8)B;(9)C;(10)D;(11)B;(12)A;(13)B;(14)D;(15)B;(16)C;(17)A;(18)D;(19)A;(20)D;
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文,作者年幼时因一次事故,而导致头上留下伤疤,并且伤疤处没有头发而遭人侮辱。

随着岁月流逝,“我”明白了,一个人的个性决定了你是谁。

(1)考查名词。

下文提到幼年变故,且”__7__ with scars on her head“有提示,故选C项。

(2)考查副词。

前文说尽管我习惯于惯常的侮辱,但听到这“仍然”可怕。

故选A。

(3)考查名词。

一个盛满了热油的碗掉到作者的头上,一定烧伤很严重。

burns”烧伤,烫伤“。

故选D。

(4)考查动词。

作者被“匆忙”送去医院并在那里呆了几周。

故选A。

(5)考查动词。

医生们“努力争取”来挽救我的生命。

fight“努力争取”。

故选B。

(6)考查形容词。

作者烧伤很严重,能够活下来非常“幸运”。

故选.B。

(7)考查动词。

作者能活下来很幸运,但“最终”会留下疤痕在头上。

故选C。

(8)考查副词。

作者非常在意自己的伤疤,所以离家时“常常”会带上围巾。

“如果”作者没带,常常会遭以嗤笑。

故选B。

(9)考查连词。

解析参见第(8)题,选C。

(10)考查副词。

作者遭别人嗤笑,朋友总是安慰自己,但他们从来没有真正理解我的感受。

故选D。

(11)考查动词。

作者被“引见”给和她情况相同的孩子们。

故选B。

(12)考查动词。

在那里,作者遇到十四岁的Stephanie。

故选A。

(13)考查形容词。

与作者情况类似,但Stephanie坚强多了。

故选B。

(14)考查动词短语。

因为我们与其他人没有什么不同,所以作者不应该“倾听”别人对自己外表的评论。

故选D。

(15)考查动词。

因为作者与我们大家没有什么不同,Stephanie“鼓励”她“不配带”围巾,看起来很棒。

故选B。

(16)考查介词。

解析参见第(15)题。

选C。

(17)考查形容词。

作者和Stephanie两人都有烧伤,经历“类似”。

故选A。

(18)考查动词。

受Stephanie的“激励”,作者不再配带围巾,大胆露出自己的疤痕。

不再“隐藏”自己的伤疤感觉令人惊奇。

故选D。

(19)考查动词。

解析参见第(18)题。

选A。

(20)考查形容词。

作者明白一个人的个性起决定作用,所以以自己的外表为自豪,比以前更快乐了。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及名词、副词、动词、形容词、连词以及介词等多个知识点的考查,难度较大,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步通过上下文的逻辑关系。

进行分析
推理,从而选出正确答案。

2.阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处
的最佳选项。

Eleven years ago, it seemed as if the world came to an end. My husband of 19 years, the father
of my two sons, was diagnosed with terminal cancer. Over the 1 of seven months, Bill went from 2 easily at tennis to needing my help to go to the bathroom.
It was the best seven months of my life. Maybe I don't actually 3 that. But it was certainly the time when I felt most 4 . During those seven months, I came to 5 that whatever else I did in my life, nothing would 6 more than taking care of my husband. I discovered that the minor complaint of an annoying coworker, or a flat tire pales in 7 with the beauty of sincere laughter, the 8 of a bakery. There were moments of
9 laughter, and tenderness in every day. I found I could train myself to see beauty
10 bother.
In the days after Bill's diagnosis and brain surgery, being his caregiver also meant being fully 11 as much as possible. During his last weekend, when we had dinner together a relative visited. I 12 that she'd changed her appearance, and not in a good way. It was the kind of 13 I'd usually keep to 14 . Just then, Bill voiced 15 what I'd been thinking, in that truthful way he had, and I found myself 16 out loud. I thought I could live with this man forever, but he 17 in four days.
Eleven years later, I haven't made much achievements. 18 every day, I try to be the person I became during those seven months. I try to be a little less judgmental, a little more generous, a little more 19 for the small moments in life.
I am a better person for having been Bill's caregiver. It was his last, best 20 to me.
1. A. routine B. course C. event D. basis
2. A. winning B. hitting C. striking D. beating
3. A. believe B. mean C. think D. decide
4. A. alive B. awake C. afraid D. alone
5. A. hope B. admit C. understand D. accept
6. A. matter B. differ C. suffer D. help
7. A. conflict B. comparison C. conversation D. touch
8. A. taste B. meaning C. smell D. sense
9. A. sadness B. fear C. panic D. joy
10. A. other than B. rather than C. more than D. less than
11. A. responsible B. absent C. present D. informed
12. A. felt B. watched C. noticed D. informed
13. A. thought B. concept C. suggestion D. view
14. A. himself B. myself C. herself D. ourselves
15. A. completely B. exactly C. partly D. accurately
16. A. laughing B. shouting C. screaming D. calling
17. A. died away B. got away C. went away D. passed away
18. A. And B. But C. Or D. While
19. A. thoughtful B. powerful C. careful D. grateful
20. A. gift B. experience C. lesson D. subject
【答案】(1)B;(2)D;(3)B;(4)A;(5)C;(6)A;(7)B;(8)C;(9)D;(10)B;(11)C;(12)C;(13)A;(14)B;(15)B;(16)A;(17)D;(18)B;(19)D;(20)A;
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文,作者的丈夫患了癌症。

在照顾丈夫的七个月里,作者受益颇多,感触很深。

(1)考查名词。

routine“常规”;course“过程,课程”;event“事件”;basis“基础”。

在七个月的过程中,Bill经历了从轻松地在网球中获胜到需要我的帮助才能去洗手间的过程。

over the course of“在……过程中”是固定搭配。

故选B。

(2)考查动词。

win“赢”;hit“击中”;strike“罢工,撞,碰”;beat“打败”。

该句叙述的是作者丈夫患癌之后的转变。

from…指的是作者丈夫身体很好的状况。

to…指的是作者丈夫生病之后的状况。

因此该句应指丈夫原本身体强壮,可以轻松地在网球比赛中“获胜”。

故选D。

(3)考查动词。

believe“相信”;mean“意味着,意思是”;think“认为”;decide“决定”。

这是我生命中最好的七个月。

也许我不是那个意思。

但那是我感到最有生气的时候。

选B。

(4)考查形容词。

句意:这是我生命中最好的七个月。

也许我不是那个意思。

但那是我感到最有生气的时候。

alive“有生气的,活的”;awake“醒着的”;afraid“害怕的”;alone“单独的”。

根据上文中的"It was the best seven months"可知,作者认为这是自己人生中最好的七个月。

故该空应该选一个褒义词。

故选A。

(5)考查动词。

hope“希望”;admit“承认”;understand“理解”;accept“ 接受”。

我逐渐地明白了这一点:不管在生活中我做什么事,没有什么比照顾我的丈夫更重要。

即:照顾丈夫是最重要的事情。

故选C。

(6)考查动词。

matter“重要,要紧”;differ“不同”;suffer“受苦”;help“帮助”。

不管在生活中我做什么事,没有什么比照顾我的丈夫更重要。

选A。

(7)考查名词。

conflict“冲突”;comparison“比较”;conversation“谈话”;touch“接触”。

我发现,与真诚的笑声、烘焙店的气味相比,同事的小抱怨,或者是一个瘪了的轮胎都相形失色。

in comparison with固定短语,“和……相比”。

故选B。

(8)考查名词。

taste“品尝”;mean ing“意思”;smell“气味”;sense“感觉”。

the beauty of sincere laughter和the ________ of a bakery是并列关系,都应该指好的事物,故该处应该指“烘焙店的(好闻的)气味”。

选C。

(9)考查名词。

句意:每天生活中都有高兴,大笑,温柔的时刻。

sadness“悲伤”;fear“恐惧,害怕”;panic“惊慌”;joy“高兴”。

该空和laughter,tenderness并列,应该都指好的事物,故选D。

(10)考查固定短语。

other than“除了”;rather than“而不是”;more than“超过,不仅”;less than“少于”。

上文提到,作者明白了生活中有美好的时刻。

所以,她发现自己能够训练自己看到生活中的美而不是烦恼。

选B。

(11)考查形容词。

responsible“负责任的”;absent“缺席的”;present“出席的,存在的”;informed“了解情况的”。

在Bill确诊和脑部手术后的几天里,作为他的护理者意味着尽可能多的陪伴他。

陪伴丈夫即:要在他身边,在场。

选C。

(12)考查动词。

feel“感觉到”;wa tch“观看,注视”;notice“注意到”;inform“通知,告知”。

亲戚的外表发生了变化,作者很容易“看到,注意到”这一点。

选C。

(13)考查名词。

thought“想法”;concept“概念”;suggestion“建议”;view“观点,看法”。

根据下文"what I'd been thinking"可知,该句指“这是我一直的想法”。

选A。

(14)考查代词。

himself“他自己”;myself“我自己”;herself“她自己”;ourselves“我们自己”。

根据下文中"Bill voiced 15 what I'd been thinking"可知,丈夫Bill说出了作者的想法。

由此推知,作者一直将这种想法藏在自己心中,没有说出来。

故选B。

(15)考查副词。

completely“完全地”;exactly“确切地,正好”;partly“部分地”;accurately“精确地”。

丈夫Bill恰恰把作者的想法说了出来。

故选B。

(16)考查动词。

laugh“大笑”;shout“大叫”;scream“尖叫”;call“称呼”。

作者认为亲戚的外表变化很糟糕,但是作者没有说出来,而作者丈夫把作者的想法很诚实地说了出来,作者感到很有趣,不禁笑了起来。

选A。

(17)考查动词短语。

die away“逐渐消失”;get away“离开,脱身”;go away“离开,外出”;pass away“去世”。

根据but转折可以推知,作者原以为自己可以永远地和丈夫生活在一起,但是他四天之后去世了。

选D。

(18)考查连词。

and“和”;but“但是”;or“或者”;while“尽管”。

前句提到,11年之后,我没有取得很大的成就。

后句提到:每天,我努力地成为那七个月我成为的那个人。

很明显,前后之间是转折关系,故选B。

(19)考查形容词。

thoughtful“考虑周全的,深思熟虑的”;powerful“力量强大的”;careful“认真的”;grateful“感激的”。

该句叙述的是作者良好的心态,因此应该指:我努力地做到不那么爱下判断了,我更慷慨了,更感激生活中的小时刻了。

选D。

(20)考查名词。

gift“礼物”;experience“经历,经验”;lesson“课,教训”;subject“科目”。

作者在照顾丈夫的七个月里受益颇多。

由此推知,做丈夫的护理成了他对我的最后,最好的礼物。

选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及动词,名词,形容词,代词,连词,固定短语等多个知识点的考查,是一篇人生感悟类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析推理,从而选出正确答案。

3.阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A, B, C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Nowadays, more and more young people are becoming too 1 and over-confident. They think they can do everything. So they simply 2 their old parents, and believe that their parents' 3 are out of date. Actually I used to be one of them, but after hearing a story told by my father, I changed my mind 4 . Now I would like to 5 it with you.
Once, there was a young man who 6 the old. He always thought that the old, including his father, were 7 . One day, the father and the son went for a walk in the 8 . As they walked, a beautiful 9 came into their sight. The son 10 to one pretty flower
and said, “We young people are like this fragrant (芳香的) flower, so healthy, vigorous, and full of spirit. What about you oldsters? Just like the 11 leaves from a dying tree.”
Hearing this, the father smiled but said 12 . They continued the walking in silence. When they passed a(n) 13 , the father stopped and went in. He bought a walnut (核桃) and showed it to his son, and said, “We old are like this walnut.
We've 14 many hard events in life. So we built up such a 15 shell, and at the same time we built up a 16 inner world. Every fruit is so full-grown.”
"But every fruit was born by a 17 ." argued the son.
"Yes, but not every flower can bear fruit…"
From then on, I always keep this 18 in mind. It has taught me a lot. We should try to be a flower that can bear fruit, we also have to know that our 19 aren't falling leaves but experienced walnuts, masterpiece of 20 . They are the ones we should appreciate forever.
1. A. proud B. clever C. rude D. genuine
2. A. blame B. respect C. ignore D. believe
3. A. spirits B. thoughts C. methods D. strengths
4. A. gradually B. suddenly C. slowly D. completely
5. A. provide B. supply C. offer D. share
6. A. look up to B. live up to C. look down on D. get down to
7. A. careless B. useless C. fruitful D. successful
8. A. bushes B. woods C. yard D. court
9. A. garden B. mountain C. school D. factory
10. A. pointed B. referred C. attended D. turned
11. A. growing B. grown C. falling D. fallen
12. A. something B. everything C. nothing D. anything
13. A. grocery B. office C. street D. river
14. A. protected B. experienced C. promoted D. contributed
15. A. tender B. colorful C. big D. hard
16. A. merciful B. mature C. simple D. complex
17. A. branch B. plant C. leaf D. flower
18. A. experience B. walnut C. fruit D. story
19. A. parents B. teachers C. friends D. relatives
20. A. spirit B. material C. nature D. society
【答案】(1)A;(2)C;(3)B;(4)D;(5)D;(6)C;(7)B;(8)B;(9)A;(10)A;(11)C;(12)C;(13)A;(14)B;(15)D;(16)B;(17)D;(18)D;(19)A;(20)C;
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文,现在,很多年轻人越来越瞧不起自己年老的父母。

作者也曾经是他们中的一员。

但是,在作者的父亲给作者讲了一个故事之后,作者改变了自己的想法。

(1)考查形容词。

proud“骄傲的,自豪的”;clever“聪明的”;rude“粗鲁的”;ge nuine“真
正的,真诚的”。

根据下文“over-confident. They think they can do everything”可知,越来越多的年轻人变得过于骄傲,过于自信。

他们认为他们什么都可以做。

选A。

(2)考查动词。

blame“责备”;respect“尊敬”;ignore“忽略”;believe“相信”。

根据下文“believe that their parents' ___3___ are out of date”可知,他们认为自己的父母过时了。

由此可以推知,他们忽略了自己的父母。

选C。

(3)考查名词。

spirit“精神”;thought“想法”;method“方法”;strength“长处”。

年轻人认为父母的想法过时了。

故选B。

(4)考查副词。

gradually“逐渐地”;suddenly“突然地”;slowly“慢慢地”;completely“完全地”。

听了父亲讲述的故事之后,“我”完全改变了想法。

故选D。

(5)考查动词。

provide“提供”;supply“供应”;offer“(主动)提供”;share“分享”。

“我”想把故事分享给大家。

故选D。

(6)考查动词短语。

look up to“抬头看,尊敬”;live up to“不辜负”;look down on“瞧不起”;get down to“开始认真对待”。

第一段中提到,年轻人认为年老的父母的想法过时,所以他们瞧不起自己年老的父母。

故选C。

(7)考查形容词。

careless“粗心的”;useless“无用的”;fruitful“富有成效的”;successful“成功的”。

年轻人认为老年人,包括自己的父亲都没有用。

故选B。

(8)考查名词。

bush“灌木”;woods“树林”;yard“院子”;court“法院,庭院”。

根据下文可知,他们散步的地方有一个花园,有树木,由此可以推知,这应该是个“树林”。

故选B。

(9)考查名词。

garden“花园”;mountain“山”;school“学校”;factory“工厂”。

根据下文中的“a pretty flower”可知,他们看到了一个美丽的花园。

故选A。

(10)考查动词。

point“指”;refer“提到,谈及”;attend“参加”;turn“转动”。

他们看到花园之后,儿子指着一朵漂亮的花,对父亲说:“……”。

故选A。

(11)考查动词。

growing“生长中的”;grown“成熟的,长大的”;falling“正在落下的”;fallen“落下的,落在地上的”。

儿子将年轻人比作芳香的花朵,将老人比作从快死的树上落下的叶子,以此来形容老年人年老无用。

最后一段中的“we also have to know that our ___19___ aren't falling leaves”也是提示。

故选C。

(12)考查代词。

something“某物”;everything“一切”;nothing“没有什么”;anything“任何东西”。

根据下文的“They continued the walking in silence”可知,父亲听了儿子的话后,什么也没说。

故选C。

(13)考查名词。

grocery“杂货店”;office“办公室”;street“大街”;river“河”。

根据下文“He bought a walnut (核桃)”可知,父亲买了一个核桃。

卖核桃的地方应该是杂货店,故选A。

(14)考查动词。

protect“保护”;experience“经历”;promote“促进,促销”;contribute“做贡献”。

父亲说:我们(老年人)在生活中经历了很多困难的事。

故选B。

(15)考查形容词。

tender“温柔的”;colorful“多彩的”;big“大的”;hard“硬的”。

老年人在一生中经历了很多困难的事,所以,他们像核桃一样,建立了坚硬的外壳。

故选D。

(16)考查形容词。

merciful“仁慈的,宽恕的”;mature“成熟的”;simple“简单的”;complex“复杂的”。

根据下文“Every fruit is so full-grown.”可知,老人像核桃一样,外壳坚
硬,内里成熟。

故选B。

(17)考查名词。

bra nch“树枝,分支”;plant“植物”;leaf“叶子”;flower“花”。

根据下文“but not every flower can bear fruit”可知,儿子辩驳说每一个果实都是由花生长而成的。


是父亲说:并非每朵花都会结果。

故选D。

(18)考查名词。

experience“经验”;walnut“胡桃”;fruit“果实”;story“故事”。

根据上文“after hearing a story told by my father”可知,作者现在一直记着这个故事。

故选D。

(19)考查名词。

parent“父(母)”;teacher“教师”;friend“朋友”;relative“亲戚”。

我们
必须知道,我们的父母不是落叶而是核桃。

故选A。

(20)考查名词。

spirit“精神”;material“材料”;nature“大自然”;society“社会”。

核桃是
大自然的杰作。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及动词,名词,形容词,副词,代词,固定短语等多个知识点的考查,是一篇人生感悟类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻
辑关系,进行分析推理,从而选出正确答案。

4.阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白
处的最佳选项。

Do you think you have what it takes to be a successful scientist?A successful scientist is generally a good observer. He makes full 1 ofthe facts he observes. He doesn't accept ideas which are not 2 onobvious facts, and therefore 3 toaccept authority as the only reason for truth. He always checks ideas 4 andmakes experiments to prove them.
The rise of 5 sciencemay perhaps be considered to 6 asfar back as the 7 ofRoger Bacon, the wonderful philosopher of Oxford, who lived 8 theyears 1214 and 1292. He was probably the first in the middle ages to suggest thatwe must learn science
9 observingand experimenting on the things around us, and he himself
10 manyimportant truths.
Galileo (1564-1642), however, who lived more than 300 years later,was the greatest of several great men in Italy, France, Germany, and England, 11 beganto show how many important 12 couldbe discovered by observation by degrees. Before Galileo, learned men believed thatlarge bodies fell more 13 towardsthe earth than small ones, 14 Aristotlesaid so. But Galileo, going to the 15 ofthe Leaning Tower of Pisa, let fall two 16 stonesand proved Aristotle was wrong. It was Galileo's 17 ofgoing direct to nature, and proving our 18 andtheories by experiment, that has led to all the discoveries of modern science.
What 19 thosepeople good scientists? From the example of Galileo, we know it clearly that successfulscientists are those whose observations have 20 betterresults.
1. A. use B. time C. speed D. trust
2. A. relied B. based C. insisted D. centered
3. A. refuses B. desires C. intends D. regrets
4. A. casually B. carefully C. quickly D. secretly
5. A. natural B. physical C. ancient D. modern
6. A. date B. keep C. look D. come
7. A. study B. time C. year D. birth
8. A. both B. each C. between D. among
9. A. in B. with C. on D. by
10. A. brought B. discovered C. took D. gave
11. A. who B. when C. that D. where
12. A. truths B. problems C. people D. subjects
13. A. slowly B. rapidly C. lightly D. heavily
14. A. although B. because C. when D. if
15. A. place B. foot C. top D. ceiling
16. A. big B. small C. equal D. unequal
17. A. spirit B. skill C. theory D. discovery
18. A. plans B. opinions C. world D. ability
19. A. makes B. prevents C. considers D. promises
20. A. foreseen B. rejected C. produced D. challenged
【答案】(1)A;(2)B;(3)A;(4)B;(5)D;(6)A;(7)B;(8)C;(9)D;(10)B;(11)A;(12)A;(13)B;(14)B;(15)C;(16)D;(17)A;(18)B;(19)A;(20)C;
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文,以某些科学家他们的做法为例来说明观察和实验在科学发现中的重要性。

科学真理必须以事实为根据,必须通过实践来检验。

(1)考查名词。

use“用处”;time “时间”;speed“速度”;trust“相信”。

根据语境可知,此处是指“一个成功的科学家通常是一个好的观察者。

他充分利用他所观察到的事实”。

make full use of ,固定短语,“充分利用”。

故选A。

(2)考查动词。

rely“信任,依赖”;base“以…为基础/根据”;insist“坚持”;center“集中,以….为中心”。

作为一个科学家,要充分利用事实,自然不能接受不以明显事实为根据的想法。

be based on…固定短语,“以….为基础/根据”。

故选B。

(3)考查动词。

refuse“拒绝”;desire“渴望”;intend“意图,打算”;regret“遗憾,后悔”。

他不接受不基于显而易见的事实的观点,因此拒绝接受权威作为真理的唯一理由。

故选A。

(4)考查副词。

casually“偶然地,漫不经心地”;carefully“仔细地,认真地”;quickly“快速地”;secretly“秘密地,偷偷地”。

此处是指他仔细地核查那些观点。

故选B。

(5)考查形容词。

natural“天然的,自然的”;physical“物质的”;ancient “古代的,过时的”;modern“现代的”。

根据下文“that has led to all the discoveries of modern science.”可知,此处表示的是modern science。

故选D。

(6)考查动词。

date“从某时起计算日期”;keep“保持”;look“看”;come“来”。

根据下文的“the years 1214 and 1292”,可知,现代科学的兴起可追溯到很早的时候,date back…固定短语,“追溯到......”,故选A。

(7)考查名词。

study“研究,学习”;time“时间,时代”;year“年”;birth“出生”。

根据空下文“the years 1214 and 1292”。

可知,此处表示现代科学的兴起也许可以追溯到罗杰·培根
时代,故选B。

(8)考查代/介词。

both“和,两者都”;each“每个”;between “在(两者)...…之间”;among“在(三者以上)......中,在(三者以上)...….之列”。

罗杰·培根,生活在1214年至1292年之间。

between…and…,固定短语,“在......和......之间”。

故选C。

(9)考查介词。

in “在......里面”;with“和,跟”;on“在......上面”;by“通过,由”。

根据下文“observing and experimenting on the things around us”可知,此处是指通过观察和检验我们周围的事物,故选D。

(10)考查动词。

bring“带来”;discover“发现”;take“带走”;give“给”。

结合下文“many important truths.”可知。

本句是指“他自己发现(discovered)了许多重要的真理”,故选B。

(11)考查定语从句。

本句是一个非限制性定语从句,其中的the greatest of several great men 是先行词,在后面的定语从句中作began 的主语,定语从句中指代前面的先行词“he”,指人要用关系词who。

本句意为“伽利略(1564-1642)是意大利、法国、德国和英国几位伟人中最伟大的科学家,他通过逐步的观察,展示出许多重要的…。

”因此选A。

(12)考查名词。

truth“事实”;problem“问题”;people“人们”;subject“主题”。

根据下文“could be discovered by observation by degrees”可知,“很多真理可以通过观察得到发现”。

故选A。

(13)考查副词。

slowly “缓慢地”;rapidly “快速地”;lightly“轻轻地”;heavily“沉重地”。

根据“large bodies fell more”和“towards the earth than small ones,”可知,在Galileo之前,学者们认为重的物体比轻的物体自由落体的速度更快,故选B 。

(14)考查连词。

although“然而”;because “因为”;when“当......时候”;if“如果”。

根据下文“Aristotle said so”可知,这里表明因为亚里士多德是这么说的。

故选B。

(15)考查名词。

place“地方”;foot“脚,底部”;top“顶部”;ceiling“天花板”。

根据下文“of the Leaning Tower of Pisa, let fall two ___16___ stones”可知,伽利略去了比萨斜塔的顶部,扔下了两块石头。

故选C。

(16)考查形容词。

big“大的”;small“小的”;equal“相等的”;unequal“不相等的”。

此处表示扔下了两个不同重量的石头,故选D。

(17)考查名词。

spirit“精神”;skill“技巧,技能”;theory“理论”;discovery“发现”。

这是伽利略探索自然的精神,故选A。

(18)考查名词。

plan“计划”;opinion“观点”;world“世界”;ability“能力”。

此处下文“and theories by experiment”中的theories(理论)相响应。

此处是指通过实验证明我们的观点和理论,故选B。

(19)考查动词。

make“制造,使成为”;prevent “阻止”;consider“认为,思考”;promise“许诺,答应”。

根据下文的“…are those whose observations have ___20___ better results.”可知,此处是说“是什么使这些人成为优秀的科学家?”故选A。

(20)考查动词。

foresee“预知”;reject“拒绝,排斥”;produce“生产,产生”;challenge“挑战”。

根据语境可知此处是指“我们清楚地知道,成功的科学家是那些其观测结果得出更好的结果的科学家。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及动词,名词,形容词,副词,代词,连词,固定短语等多个知识点的考查,是一篇科普类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻
辑关系,进行分析推理,从而选出正确答案。

5.阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处
的最佳选项。

Human growth is a process of experimentation, trial, and error eventually leading to wisdom. Each time you choose to trust yourself and take action, you can never quite be certain how the situation will 1 .
Sometimes you are victorious, and sometimes you become disappointed. The 2 experiments, however, are no less valuable than the experiments that finally prove successful; in fact, you 3 learn more from your “failures” than you do from your 4 . If you have made what you think to be a mistake or failed to live up to your own 5 , you will most likely put up a barrier between your essence and the part of your that is the alleged(声称的)wrong-doer.
However, viewing past actions as 6 implies guilt and blame, and it is not possible to learn anything meaningful while you are engaged in blaming. 7 , forgiveness is required when you are severely judging yourself. Forgiveness is the act of erasing an 8 debt. There are four kinds of forgiveness.
The first is beginner forgiveness for yourself.
The second of forgiveness is beginner forgiveness for another.
The third kind of forgiveness is 9 forgiveness of yourself. This is for serious misbehaviors, the ones you carry with deep 10 . When you do something that violates your own values and principles, you create a gap between your standards and your actual 11 .
In such a case, you need to work very hard at 12 yourself for these deeds so that you can close this gap. This does not 13 that you should rush to forgive yourself or shouldn't feel regret, 14 taking pleasure in these feelings for a prolonged period of time is not healthy.
The 15 and perhaps most difficult one of the advanced forgiveness of another.
At some time of our life, you may have been severely wronged or hurt by another person to such a degree that forgiveness seems 16 .
However, harboring anger and revenge fantasies only keeps you 17 in victimhood. Under such a circumstance, you should force yourself to see the bigger picture. By so doing, you will be able to 18 the focus away from the anger and resentment.
It is only through forgiveness that you can erase wrongdoing and 19 the memory. When you can 20 release the situation, you may come to see it as a necessary part of your growth.
1. A. turn out B. turn up C. break up D. break out
2. A. important B. engaged C. failed D. successful
3. A. obviously B. necessarily C. continuously D. usually
4. A. success B. failure C. fault D. benefit
5. A. ability B. expectations C. belief D. experiences
6. A. mistakes B. victories C. experiments D. fantasies
7. A. Still B. Therefore C. Instead D. However
8. A. absurd B. original C. emotional D. unusual
9. A. ordinary B. advanced C. alternative D. certain
10. A. wisdom B. mercy C. injury D. shame
11. A. thought B. approach C. behavior D. purpose
12. A. punishing B. forgiving C. blaming D. praising
13. A. mean B. prove C. reflect D. represent
14. A. and B. or C. but D. so
15. A. uncertain B. premier C. next D. last
16. A. essential B. valuable C. impossible D. unavoidable
17. A. trapped B. located C. lost D. occupied
18. A. drive B. drag C. put D. shift
19. A. keep B. refresh C. weaken D. clean
20. A. naturally B. finally C. definitely D. initially
【答案】(1)A;(2)C;(3)D;(4)A;(5)B;(6)A;(7)B;(8)C;(9)B;(10)D;(11)C;(12)B;(13)A;(14)C;(15)D;(16)C;(17)A;(18)D;(19)D;(20)B;
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文,人的成长是一个不断尝试、不断经历失误、又不断获得新知的过程.要学会宽恕.只有做到宽恕,才能忘却过错,净化心灵.当最终把自己解脱出来时,就会把它看成是成长过程中必不可少的一部分。

(1)考查动词短语。

句意:每当你充满信心采取行动时,你永远无法预知会有什么样的结果。

A、turn out“结果是”;B、turn up“出现”;C、break up“分裂,分手”;D、break out“爆发”。

根据“you can never quite be certain"和下文的"Sometimes you are victorious,and sometimes you become disappointed."可知,人们对自己所采取的行动的结果是不能肯定的"。

故选A。

(2)考查形容词。

A、important“重要的”;B、engaged“繁忙的”;C、failed“失败的”;D、successful“成功的”。

however表示转折,根据下文“are no less valuable than the experiments that finally prove successful”可知,失败实验的价值未必就比成功实验的价值少;由此可知选failed失败的"来修饰experiment,和后面的“the experiments that finally prove successful”形成对比,故选C。

(3)考查副词。

A、obviously“显而易见地”;B、necessarily“必要地”;C、continuously“继续地,不断地”;D、usually“通常”。

根据上下可知此处的意思是我们在失败中学到的东西比在成功里学到的东西通常是更多的,故选D。

(4)考查名词。

A、success“成功”;B、failure“失败”;C、fault“过失”;D、benefit“益处,好处”。

根据前面的对成功与失败的实验的比喻可推出此时还是以成功与失败两种情况进行的对比,即从失败里面学到的东西要比从成功里面学到的还要多,故选A。

(5)考查名词。

A、ability“能力”;B、expectations“期望”;C、belief“相信,信仰”;D、experiences“经历”。

根据下文“put up a barrier” 可知,此处是从一些负面的因素中分析这一
道理的;所以or前后的内容是相似的,failed to live up to one's expectations“辜负了某人的期望”,故选B。

(6)考查名词。

A、mistakes“错误”;B、victories“胜利”;C、expe riments“实验”;D、fantasies“幻想”。

根据下文的“implies guilt and blame,”可知此处作者说的是把过去看作是错误。

选A。

(7)考查副词。

A、Still“仍然,一直”;B、Therefore“因此”;C、Instead“相反,取而代之”;D、However“但是”。

"it is not possible to learn anything meaning while you are engaged in blaming“而当你忙着自责时,你根本不可能从中汲取任何有益的东西,与下文"forgiveness is required when you are severely judging yourself”当你苛刻要求自己的时候,你需要原谅你自己,是一种因果关系,故选B。

(8)考查形容词。

A、absurd“荒谬的”;B、original“原始的”;C、emotional“情感上的”;
D、unusual“不寻常的”。

根据上文“guilt and blame”,可知此处指的是情感方面的债务,即负担,故选C。

(9)考查形容词。

A、ordinary“一般的,普通的”;B、ad vanced“先进的,高等的”;C、alternative“选择的”;D、certain“某种的,确定的”。

根据上文“The first is beginner forgiveness for yourself.”,结合下文的“serious misbehaviors”可知是指对自己严重的不良行为给予宽恕,所以应该是一种advanced forgiveness,即更深层次的宽恕,故选B。

(10)考查名词。

A、wisdom“智慧”;B、mercy“怜悯,仁慈”;C、injury“伤害”;D、shame“羞耻”。

the ones=the serious misbehaviors“极大恶行",所以内心深处应该是带有羞愧之情的,故选D。

(11)考查名词。

A、thought“思想,想法”;B、approach“方法,途径”;C、behavior“行为,表现”;D、purpose“目的”根据“When you do something that violates your own values and principles”可知,"gap"在"your standards标准""do something即行为"之间产生.故选C。

(12)考查动词。

A、punishing“惩罚”;B、forgiving“原谅”;C、blaming“责怪”;D、praising“表扬”。

so that引导的结果状语从句说要消除这种分歧,所以要原谅自己。

故选B。

(13)考查动词。

A、mean“意味着”;B、prove“证明”;C、reflect“反映”;D、represent“代表”。

"In such a case,you need to work very hard at forgiving yourself for these deeds so that you can close this gap.这种情况下,你需要努力去原谅自己的过失,以便修复这道裂缝"这和“rush to forgive yourself or shouldn't feel regret”是不能相提并论的,这并不意味着你应该急于原谅自己而不感到后悔.故选A。

(14)考查连词。

A、and“和”;B、or“或者”;C、but“但是”;D、so“因此”。

.前后两句是一种转折关系,继而表达这种行为的不当之处,故选C。

(15)考查形容词。

A、uncertain“不确定的”;B、premier“第一的,首要的”;C、next“下一个的”;D、last“最后的”。

紧承上文,接下来要介绍的就是最后一种宽恕了,即:第四种可能是最难的一种宽恕--是对他人更深层次的宽恕。

故选D。

(16)考查形容词。

句意:要去宽恕那些对你造成了很大伤害的人几乎是不可能的。

A、essential“必要的”;B、valuable“有价值的”;C、impossible“不可能的”;D、unavoidable“不可避免的”。

选C。

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