倍数表达法

答：在写作过程中或在口头表达中，有时要谈到“倍数”问题，现将其表达法作一归纳。1．用形容词表示甲是乙的几倍时，用下面三个句型，用副词表示则一般只用前两个句型。

（1）……倍数+形容词（或副词）的比较级+than

This rope is twice longer than that one．这根绳的长度是那根绳的三倍。（比那根绳长二倍）

This hall is five times bigger than our classroom．这个大厅比我们的教室大五倍。（是我们教室的六倍）

The car runs twice faster than that truck．这辆小车的速度比那辆卡车快两倍。（是那辆卡车的三倍）

（2）……倍数+as+形容词（或much）或副词+as

Asia is four times as large as Europe．亚洲的面积是欧洲的四倍。

This big stone is three times as heavy as that one．这块大石头的重量是那一块的三倍。（这块石头比那块重二倍）

The plane flew ten times as high as the kite．那架飞机飞行高度是那个风筝的十倍。（高出九倍）

（3）……倍数+the size（length，height…）of

This street is four times the length of that street．这条街是那条街的四倍长。

This hill is four times the height of that small one．这座山的高度是那座小山的四倍。（比那座小山高三倍）

也可用：The height of this hill is four times that of that small one．

2．要用名词表示“量”的倍数时，则用以下两个句型：

（1）……倍数+more+名词（可数，不可数）+than

There are four times more books in our library than in yours．我们图书馆藏书（数量）是你们图书馆藏书的四倍。（我们图书馆藏书比你们的多三倍。）

We have produced twice more grain this year than we did last year．我们今年生产的粮食比去年增长一倍。（是去年的两倍）

（2）……倍数+as many（或much）+名词+其他+as…

After the technique was introduced，the factory produced twice as many tractors in 1988 as the year before．采用新的技术以后，那个工厂1988年生产的拖拉机是前一年（1987年）的两倍。（比前一年增长一倍）

There is three times as much water in this pot as in that one．这个壶里的水（量）是那个壶里的三倍。

倍数的表达法

陕西田世俊

倍数表达法是高中英语教学的重点，也是历届高考的热点。当我们要表达

甲是乙的几倍时，通常用下面三个句型来表示：

1. “A+倍数+形容词或副词的比较级+than+B”，表示“A比B大（长、高、宽等）多少倍”。如：

This rope is twice longer than that one. 这根绳子是那根绳子的两倍长（比那根绳子长一倍）。

This hall is five times bigger than our classroom. 这个大厅比我们的教室大四倍(是我们教室的五倍)。

The car runs twice faster than that truck. 这辆小车的速度比那辆卡车快一倍（是那辆卡车的两倍）。

2.“A+倍数+as+形容词或副词的原级+as+B”，表示“A正好是B的多少倍”。如：

Asia is four times as large as Europe. 亚洲的面积是欧洲的四倍。

This big stone is three times as heavy as that one. 这块大石头的重量是那块的三倍。

The plane flew ten times as high as the kite. 那架飞机的飞行高度是那只风筝的十倍。

3. “A+倍数+the size/height/length/width, etc+of+B”，表示“A正好是B的多少倍”。如：

This street is four times the length of that one. 这条街是那条街的四倍长。

This hill is four times the height of that small one. 这座山的高度是那座小山的四倍。

除掌握倍数表达的三个常规句型外，我们更要注意的是其常规句型的变形及其特殊规律。

一. 常规句型的变形

1. “ ... times+more+名词（可数或不可数）+than+被比对象”。如：

There are five times more books in our library than in yours. 我们图书馆

里的书比你们图书馆多四倍。

We have produced twice more grain this year than we did last year. 我们今年生产的粮食是去年的两倍。

2. “ ... times as many/much+名词+as+被比对象”。如：

There is four times as much water in this pot as in that one. 这个壶里装的水是那个壶里的四倍。

There are six times as many students as we expected. 学生数量是我们预期的六倍。

3.“ ... times+over+被比对象”。如：

The grain output in that village is twice over that of 2002. 那个村的粮食产量是2002年的两倍。

4. “ ... times+that+of+被比对象”。如：

In this workshop, the output of July was 4.5 times that of January. 这个车间7月份的产量是1月份的4.5倍。

5. “...times+compared with+被比对象”。如：

The number of the students in our school has increased 4 times compared with 1980. 我们学校的学生人数比1980年增加了三倍。

6. “...times+what+从句”。如：

The production is now three times what it was ten years ago. 现在的产量比十年前增加了两倍。

二. 倍数/百分数（percent）+compared with/up on +被比对象。如：

Our factory ' s output of TV sets in the first six months of this year was 10% up compared with last year. 今年头六个月我们厂电视机的产量与去年相比增加了10%。

The industrial output of last year in our factory was 35% up on that of 2001.

我们厂去年的工业产量比2001年增加了35%。

三. 用double表示倍数

1. double用作形容词，表示“两倍的”。如：

The production is now double what it was ten years ago. 现在的产量是十年前的两倍。

2. double用作动词，表示“是……的两倍。如：

The output has been doubled in the past six years. 在过去六年中产量已经翻了一番。

This brought a steady rise in the grain yield. In 2002 it nearly doubled that of 1980. 这使粮食产量不断增长，到2002年产量已经比1980年翻了一番。

有这样一道高考题：

（2003 上海）The house rent is expensive. I've got about half the space I had at home and

I'm paying _______ here.

A. as three times much

B. as much three times

C. much as three times

D. three times as much

该题的正确答案为D .显然本题是在考查倍数的表达法。倍数表达法是高中英语教学的

重点，也是历年的高考热点之一。掌握倍数的表达法对于同学们学好英语具有重要意义。下

面对倍数的几种表达法作一归纳：

一、用times 表示倍数（一般限于包括基数在内三倍或三倍以上的数。表示两倍的数，

一般用twice ）。其句式有：

1. “… times ＋形容词/ 副词的比较级＋than …”例如：

Line AB is three times longer than line CD.

线段AB 是（线段）CD 的三倍长。

This hall is five times bigger than our classroom.

这个大厅比我们的教室大 5 倍。

2. “… times +as + 形容词/ 副词的原级＋as …”例如：

This table is three times as long as that one.

这张桌子是那张桌子的三倍长。

This dictionary is five times as thick as the one you borrowed from the library.

这本词典的厚度是你从图书馆借的那本（厚度）的 5 倍。

3. “… times + the + 名词（如：size，height，weight，length，width 等）＋of …”

例如：

The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.

地球的体积是月球的49 倍。

This river is three times the depth of that one.

这条河是那条河的三倍深。

4. “… times + more ＋名词＋than …”例如：

He earns five times more money than he did ten years ago.

他现在挣的钱比十年前挣的多 5 倍。

There are twice more students in our class than in theirs.

我们班的学生人数比他们班多两倍。

5. “… times +as many （或much ）＋名词＋as …”例如：

We've produced twice as much cotton this year as （we did ）ten years ago.

今年我们生产的棉花比十年前多了一倍。（汉语中的多一倍实际上也指两倍一样多。）He has got three times as many books as his sister.

他拥有的书的数量是他妹妹的3 倍。

6. “… times + what 从句”例如：

The length of the road is four times what it was three years ago.

这条路的长度是三年前的 4 倍。

The price of the meat is twice what it was last year.

肉价是去年的两倍。

7. “… times + up on （或over ）…”例如：

The size of the sun is a million times over that of the earth.

太阳的体积比地球的体积大一百万倍。

He is three times up on your age.

他的年龄是你的4 倍（或：比你的年龄大3 倍）。

8. “… +by + … times ”例如：

Compared with last year，our coal output has increased by three times.

与去年相比，我们的煤产量增长了3 倍。

His speed is faster than mine by four times.

他的速度比我的快 4 倍。

9. “… times + compared with ＋被比较对象”例如：

The number of the students in our school has increased for times compared with 1980.

我们学校的学生人数比1980 年增加了3 倍。

10. “… times + that of + 被比较对象”例如：

In this workshop the output of July was 3.5 times that of January.

这个车间七月份的产量是元月份的3.5 倍。

二、用分数、百分数表示倍数。例如：

The box is one-third bigger than that one.

这个盒子比那个盒子大三分之一。

Last year the output value of industry was 59 percent higher than that of 1976.

去年工业产值比1976 年增长了59 ％。

My command of English is not half so good as yours.

我英语掌握得还不及你的一半儿好。

三、用again （一倍），double （两倍），triple （三倍），fourfold （四倍）等

词表示倍数。例如：

My Aunt is as old again as I am.

我姑姑的年龄比我大一倍。

The top-brand clothes are often sold as double the normal price here.

这里名牌衣服的售价经常比正常的售价高一倍。

The new work procedure tripled the output.

新工艺使产量增加两倍。

The output of grain increased fourfold.

粮食产量增加了三倍。

倍数表达法是历届高考的热点。当我们要表达甲是乙的几倍时，通常可使用以下句型：

1.倍数+as+形容词或副词的原级+as+其它。这种结构又常演变成下列两类：①倍数+as+many+可数名词复数+as;②倍数+as+much+不可数名词+as。如：

There are seven times as many people as I expected.是我预料的人数的七倍。

There is five times as much coffee in this glass as in that one.这个杯子里的咖啡是那个杯子里的五倍。

2.倍数+形容词（或副词）的比较级+ than+其它。如：

The hall is five times bigger than our classroom.这个大厅的面积比我们教师大五倍。

3.倍数+the size/height/length/width.etc.+of+其它。如：

This road is six times the length of that one.这条路是那条路的六倍长。

4.计量名词+of+名词+be+倍数+that+of+其它。如：

The size of the newly broadened square is four times that of the previous one.新扩建的广场为以前的四倍大。

5.倍数+what从句。如：

The production is now three times what it was ten years ago.现在的产量是十年前的三倍。

6.倍数+more+名词+than+其它。如：

There are nine times more books in his bag than in yours.

他书包里的书比你书包里的书多九倍。

7.其它表达。如：

She's twice/double my age.她的年龄是我的两倍。

The average income of the staff has been increased by 50 percent compared with last year.

与去年相比，该单位职工的收入已增加了50%。

He runs faster than me by three times.他跑得比我快三倍。

{考查方向}

1）倍数在句中的位置一般放在第一个as前面或比较级前面或名词前面。

2）用times表示倍数时，一般只限于表示包括基数在内的三倍或三倍以上的数。表示两倍可以用twice或double,一倍用once.

【重点归纳】

除了我们初中所学的形容词的比较级的用法，本模块我们主要归纳几种句式结构：

（一）含倍数的比较句型

1.倍数+as+形容词原级+as…。如：

This bridge is three times as long as that one.

His room is twice as big as mine;in other words,mine is only half as big as his.

【特别提醒】

“as…as”中间加入名词的句式：

●倍数+as+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+as…

●倍数+as+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+as…。如：

Last year my brother twice as big a new house as mine.

He has collected more than three times as many stamps as I (have).

I spent twice as much time on my studies as you did.

【难点点拨】

该结构的省略：通常省略形容词后面的名词及比较的部分。如：

I have to transfer(转乘）buses so I spend twice as much (money as others)for the bus every day.

2.倍数+形容词比较级+than…。如：

This street is four times shorter than that one.

Fear of danger is ten thousand times more terrifying than danger itself.

【特别提醒】

倍数+形容词比较级+名词+than…。如：

He earns five times more money now than he did ten years ago.

There are three times more books in our library than in yours.

3.倍数+the+名词（如size,height,weight,length,width,depth等）+of…。如：

This well is three times the depth of that one.

4.另外，请注意下面两种说法：

（1）倍数+what从句。如：

The length of the road is four times what it was three years ago.

(2)倍数+that of+被比较对象。如：

Airmail charges almost twice or three times that of a normal mail.

(二）其它句式

1."比较级+and+比较级"表示"越来越…"。如：

Things are getting better and better every day.

Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.

2."the+比较级…，the+比较级…"表示“越…，就越…”。如：

The more you have, the more you want.

The more a man knows, the less he knows he knows.

【知识扩展】

在形容词比较级前可以加a little,a bit,a lot,no,any,much,far,even,still 等副词（组），表示程度的加深。如：

The result is much better than we expected.

Actually,health is far more important than wealth.

一、1."A be 倍数as 计量形容词原级as B".

This tree is three times as tall as that one. 这棵树是那棵树的三倍高。

His father is twice as old as he. 他父亲的年纪有他两倍大。

2."A be 倍数计量形容词比较级than B "

The Yangtze River is almost twice longer than the Pearl River.长江差不多比珠江长两倍。

The dictionary is exactly five times more expensive than that one.这本字典比那本恰好贵5倍。

3."A be 倍数the 计量名词of B "

The newly broadened square id four times the size of the previous one.

新扩建的广场是未扩建时的四倍大。

4."The 计量名词of A be 倍数that of B "

The size of the newly broadened square is four times that of the previous one.

新扩建的广场为以前的四倍大。

5.其它

I'm twice/ double his age. 我的年龄是他的两倍。

I've paid five times the usual price for the stamp.我出了5倍于往常的价格买这枚邮票。

The average income of the staff has been increased by 50 percent compared with last year.

与去年相比，该单位职工的收入增加了50%.

The price of TVs are twofold( adj. 两部分的, 双重的) down over these years.

近几年来，电视机的价格下降了两倍。

二、用times表示倍数（一般限于包括基数在内三倍或三倍以上的数。表示两倍的数, 一般twice。）。

1.... times＋形容词（副词）比较级＋than...

This hall is five times bigger than our classroom. 这个大厅比我们的教室大五倍。（是我们教室的六

倍大）

The car runs twice faster than that truck. 这辆轿车的速度比那辆卡车快两倍。（是那辆卡车的三倍

快）

2.... times＋as＋形容词（或much）或副词原级＋as...

The big box is four times as heavy as the small one. 大箱子是小箱子的四倍重。

Asia is four times as large as Europe. 亚洲的面积是欧洲的四倍。

Ten is twice as much as five. 十是五的两倍。

The plane flew ten times as high as the kite. 那架飞机飞行高度是那个风筝的十倍。（高出九倍）

3.... times＋the＋名词（size, height, weight, length, width）＋of

Your playground is 900 metres wide, three times the size of ours. 你们操场有900米宽, 是我们的

三倍。

This street is four times the length of that one. 这条大街是那条街的四倍长。

This big tree is four times the height of that small one. 这棵大树的高度是那棵小树的四倍。（比那

棵小树高三倍）

也可译成: The height of the big tree is four times that of that small one.

4.... times＋more＋名词（可数, 不可数）＋than...

There are four times more books in our library than in yours. 我们图书馆藏书（数量）是你们图书

馆的四倍。（多三倍）

We have produced twice more grain this year than we did last year. 我们今年生产的粮食比去年增

长一倍。（是去年的两倍）

5.... times ＋as many（或much）＋名词＋其它……

There is three times as much water in this pot as in that one. 这个壶里的水（量）是那个壶里的三

倍。

There are five times as many students as we expected. 到的人是我们预计的五倍。

6.... times＋over＋被比对象表示“增加……倍”。如:

The grain output in that village was twice over that of 1978. 那个村的粮食产量比一九七八年的增加

了两倍。

7.... times＋thatof＋被比对象“是……倍”。如:

In this workshop, the output of July was 3. 5 times that of January. 这个车间七月份的产量是元月份

的三点五倍。

二、用... ％（percent, per cent）＋up on＋被比对象

Altogether, more than 70 percent of the surface of our planet is covered by water.

我们地球的表面百分之七十以上被水覆盖。

Our factory's output of TV sets in 1998 was 400％up compared with 1980. 1998年我们工厂电视机

的产量与1980年相比增长400％。

The industrial output of last year in our factory was 250％up on that of 2000. 我们工厂去年的工业产量比2000年增加了250％。（或增加两倍半）

三、用double表示倍数

1. double作形容词, “两倍的”。如:

The production is now double what it was ten years ago. 现在的产量是十年前的两倍。

2. double作动词, “是……的两倍”。如:

The output has been doubled in the past five years. 过去五年中产量翻了一番。

练习:

A）把下列句子译成汉语。

1. 一米是一英尺的三倍多。

2. 现在我们家乡学校的数量比解放前增加了四倍。

3. 北京有我家乡城市的十个那么大。

4. 这个房子是那个房子的两倍大。

5. 早稻产量比去年提高百分之二十五。

B）根据第一句, 完成第二、三句, 每空填一词, 使句意不变。

1. This river is three times as wide as that one.

This river is __________ times the __________ of that one.

This river is __________ __________ than that one.

2. The meeting room is three times bigger than our office.

The meeting room is __________ times as __________ as our office.

The meeting room is __________ times the __________ of our office.

3. The new building is five tim es the height of the old one.

The new building is __________ times as __________ as the old one.

The new building is __________ times __________ than the old one.

答案:

A）1. A metre is 3 times more than（... is 3 times the length of）a foot.

2. There are now five times as many schools in my hometown as before liberation.

3. Beijing is ten times as big as（nine times larger than ／ten times the size of）my hometown.

4. This house is twice as large as that one.

5. The output of early rice is 25％the height of last year's.

B）1. three, width; twice wider 2. three, big; three, size 3. five, high; four, higher