中考英语专题复习:任务型阅读.doc

中考英语专题复习:任务型阅读.doc
中考英语专题复习:任务型阅读.doc

中考英语任务型阅读

一、什么是任务型阅读

任务型阅读是“阅读理解”的另一种形式,考查学生归纳概括能力和语篇结构理解能力。其内容涉及广泛,要求学生在阅读理解的基础上,完成一项任务或解决一个问题。所以“任务型阅读”是介于阅读理解和写作之间,其任务已不同于阅读理解中的选择题或书面表达,而是在理解文字的基础上,完成相应图表或文字练习,从而有效地测试学生用英语“做事”的能力。

二、中考任务型阅读试题何顾

(一)2013年中考

阅读下而短文,根据短文内容回答问题并按要求完成第105题。

For Luo Xinying, sharing a textbook with a classmate is not a problem at all. The 15-year-old feels happy to be back to class.

A total of 355 schools in Ya'an, Sichuan province, wer. e closed after the 7.0?magnitudc (级)earthquake struck the area on the morning of April 20, 2013.

Luo, along with thousands of students in the earthquake-hit area, will take the high school entrance examination from June 12 to 14.

The teen goes to Longmcn Chenyang Hope School, the largest school in Longmen Village, Lushan County. Nearly 80 students at the school went back to class in a tent on April 25.

The village is among the hardest hit by the earthquake. Students elsewhere in the earthquake-hit area returned to class the day before. Students who face college or high school entrance exams were first to come back.

Some students are worried about the high school entrance exam and they are frightened of aftershocks(余震)all the time.

Schools in the earthquake-hit area have offered crisis counseling(灾后心理*甫导)to those students who need help.

X.任务型阅读(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)

101 . How does Luo Xiny ing feel when he/she is back to class?

102.How many schools in Ya'an, Sichuan province were closed after the earthquake?

103.When will Luo take the high school entrance examination?

104.Longmen is one of the hardest earthquake-hit villages, isn't it?

105.请将划线句子翻译成汉语

(二)2014年中考

X.任务型阅读(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)

阅读下而短文,根据短文内容回答问题,并按要求完成第105题。

Should Shanghai bid fbr(申办)the Summer Olympics in 2028? Here are some people's opinions.

Some people said, “the games will improve Shanghai's glo bal influence and the city is powerful and must try to become a platform(平台)fbr major international dialogues. Shanghai has succeeded in holding the World Expo in 2010 and the city can also hold a successful Summer

Olympics."

Others, however, are not sure that it's a good idea. They think the Olympics would be too expensive and the money could be better spent on other things.

The 2008 Beijing Olympics brought much prestige(声望)to the city and to China, but its cost, over $40 million, was high and the Olympic site(场地)in the center of the city is now largely unused. Could Shanghai learn from Beijing's experience and do it better?

My answer is yes. As one American said, “A great city has to do great things." Shanghai is a great city and is not afraid of facing challenges. Holding the 2028 Summer Olympics would prove that.

101.When did Shanghai hold the World Expo?

102.Why don't some people agree to bid fbr the 2028 Summer Olympics?

103.How much did the 2008 Beijing Olympics cost?

104.Docs the writer agree to Shanghai's bidding?

105 .请将划线句子翻译成汉语。

(三)2015年中考

X.任务型阅读(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)

阅读下面短文,根据短文内容答91-94题,并按要求完成第95题。

Do you know what are the world's tallest animals? How do they sleep and drink?

You may think it's difficult fbr them to sleep, but they have no such problems because giraffes don't often stop fbr a snooze. As they are so tall—males can grow up to 18 feet, giraffes actually have the shortest sleep requirement of mammals, with an average of half an hour a day. When they sleep, they seldom lie down and sleep fbr minutes at a time, since it's difficult for them to get up again and it's dangerous in the wild. But the giraffe in the zoo sleeps around 4.6 hours per day, mostly at night. It usually sleeps lying down.

Drinking water may cause problems fbr the animals because their long necks arc too short to reach the ground. To drink they must spread their legs in an uncomfortable position, which makes them easily hunted by other animals like Africa's big cats. As a result, they get most of their watci fh)m the plants that they cat. They only need to drink water every few days.

91.How long do giraffes living in the wild sleep every day?

92.How does the giraffe in the zoo usually sleep?

93.What must giraffes do to drink water?

94.What's the main idea of the passage?

95.请将划线句子翻译成汉语。

(四)试卷评析

1.任务型阅读每题5分,总共10分;前面4题均为答问题,最后1题翻译句子。

2.通过认真阅题,我们可以发现这些试题多以青少年熟悉的学习与生活为话题,或以新闻报道聚焦社会热点为话题,因此要引导学生关注社会,加强学科知识与社会热点的联系等。

3.此类阅读题目的问题多为特殊疑问句。问题的内容小到一个词的词义,大到概述故

事的大意;可以提问一件事,也可以推断作者的意图,评价作品的内容。问题可以是单一问

题,也可以是综合性问题或发挥性问题。做P1答问题型的阅读理解需要把握一些细节事实,如who, when, where, which, what, how many/much 等事实。建议采用逆读查找法,即先看题1=1,通过题1=1 了解文章大意,再看短文,有1=1的地突破细节。

三、2016年起任务型阅读题型变化:

1.文件:

为引导初中英语教师加强学生的阅读能力,特别是对文本信息加工、处理能力的培养,发挥考试对教学的正反拨作用,经研究,决定对中考试题任务型阅读题型设置作如下调整:将沿用近10年的回答问题形式改为表格填空形式。要求考生根据阅读文章提供的信息用恰当的词语完成与短文相关的图表,每空只填一个单词,每题2分,合计10分。有些教师担心难度加大,他们认为问答题可以在原文中直接寻找答案,而表格题则要对信息进行加工、转换。实际上,不管怎样设题,考生都要看懂文章才能正确作答。相信能找出问题答案的考生,能够在文章找出关键词。如果能看懂文章,即知道文章大意,就可以正确填写大部分单词,因为在命题时要对每个大题、小题的难度进行预估。如果是难题,则可能需要转换,但按8:1:1的要求进行命题的话,难题可能就1个。

2.阅读填词这一题型旨在考查学生四方面的能力:①获取信息能力:信息的理解;文章的结构和层次等。②处理信息能力:信息的分层;时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑分层、共性与差异等。③加工信息的能力:信息的分类;问题的原因、解决方法等;各种观点、看法以及建议;态度和目的等。④运用信息的能力:信息的归纳与表达。

3.填写表格型通常是先给出一段阅读材料,根据材料所给的信息填写表格。此类题日

通常难度不大,大部分信息都可以直接在材料中找到,因此考生只要通读材料,注意所填信息在原文中的出处,就不难完成任务。但是也有个别信息考生不可能直接在材料中找出,需要根据某些细节、线索或关键词语进行推理、归纳才能完成任务。填写时重在达意,并不一定要用短文中的原词。对于填表式阅读理解,关键在于分析图表中已存在的信息点,然后根据已给出的信息点寻找相应的信息。

4.从设题的角度上说,那些罗列信息类的文章易于设置表格填空。下面是2015泉州中考任务型阅读试题:

Do you hope to live a better life? Then how to make your wish come true? Keep away from anything that is useless. Do the right thing! However good or bad a situation is, it will change. The best is yet to come. Well, here arc some tips fbr you to follow!

?Mind your meals

Try to eat more foods that grow naturally on trees and plants. Have meals on time every day. And remember not to go to school or work without 71 breakfast (原词不变),for it is more important than lunch or dinner.

?Exercise and smile

Each day 72 take a 40-minute walk (词性变化).Make time to practice some other exercise, such as yoga and Taiji. They provide us with daily energy for ouc 73 busy (原词不变)lives. Try to smile and make at least three people smile each day.

?Forget and forgive (原谅)

Problems appear sometimes and they simply stay fbr a short time. Forget what happened in the past. Don't always think of your 74 past (原词不变)mistakes. Make peace with your past in order that it won't destroy your present happiness. 75 Life (原词不变)is not very long, so we shouldn't waste time hating anyone. Forgive everyone fbr everything.

? Also do such things

Call your family often and stay in touch with your friends. Each day give something good to others. Cheer up no m atter how you feel. 76 Read more books (词形变化)than you did befbre and you can learn more 什om them. Don't compare your life to others\

任务型阅读:根据短文内容,填写下列表格,每格只填一词。

四、任务型阅读解题步骤及技巧

(-)解题步骤:

'略读图表

f 1.图表J审清文章结构

(diagram )

I记住阅读任务

Steps Y

略读文章首尾句、段

I 2.文段I带图表中的任务细读

(passage)]在文段中做标记定位

、X、j比文段中标记处和图表中对应任务(―)解题技巧:

1.信息查找题:原词不变

(1)解题关键:根据问题句子查找定位信息。

(2)常用方法:带着问题有意识地在关键处做标记。

例1:

常见

的转

方式

归纳词V

2、信息转换题

(1)解题关键:根据问题查找定位信息,加工分析并转换成另一种表达方式。

(①词性转换

%1 句子结构转换

%1 同义词和反义词转换

%1

前缀和后缀转换

<⑤另选其它词来释义

例2:

例3:

例4:

3、信息归纳题:

(1)解题关键:根据问题查找定位信息,找共性的东西。

概括性(在最大程度上覆盖栏内信息)

针对性(量体裁衣,大小适度)

醒1=1性(简洁)

(2)

例5:

例6:

话题topic subject/ title

原因reason(s) cause(s)

结果result effect

目的aim purpose

(3)

方法way(s) solution(s)

观点Idea(s) opinion(s)

优劣advantages disadvantages

结论conclusion

建议advice suggestion(s)

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