高中英语--句子类型

一. 句子的类型

基础知识

——句子基本划分标志主语＝谓语＿宾语﹏表语﹍定语（）状语[ ] 补语＜＞同位语/ /

——句子基本成分介绍

主语--- 动作或状态的执行者，一般是人或物

谓语--- 人或物所执行的动作或所处的状态

宾语---动作所指对象

表语--- 连系动词(be是；become,turn,get,go,grow变得；look,seem,smell,taste,sound,feel 看/…起来)后的成分

定语--- 修饰名词，代词等的成分

状语--- 修饰谓语动词，表明动作发生的时间，地点，条件，原因，方式等的成分

补语--- 句子在有主谓宾成分的情况下，意义仍未完整，需要在宾语后加补充成分，这种补充成分叫宾语补足语。句子改为被动语态时，这种补充成分叫主语补足语

同位语---置于名词之后，对名词起具体或补充说明作用的成分叫同位语

一．简单句

1．主谓宾结构

(1) The boy loves football.

(2) I read English [every day].

(3) We have to finish it [ahead of time].

(4) Studying[well] means (a lot of) (hard) work.

(5) Everyone should [always] be thinking about others.

2. 主谓结构

(1) He,/our monitor/, works [hard].

(2) The twin towers crashed (倒塌) [suddenly].

(3) The old man died [on a cold night].

(4) The heavy rain has lasted [for a week].

3. 主系表结构

(1) Rock music is exciting.

(2) He is a (successful) manager.

(3) Your idea sounds surprising. It seems like a (good) idea.

(4) My job is teaching. My job (today) is to teach you Lesson One.

(5) I feel cold. And his hands [also] feel cold.

(6) Nobody got burnt [in that big fire].

4. 主谓+双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语）

(1) My father bought me a doll [as a birthday present].

(2) They offered me (a lot of) help [during my stay here].

(3) I would owe my parents my success (in English).

(4) The father made the son a (model) plane.

(5) As a child, I used to ask people (a lot of) questions.

5. 主谓+复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语）

(1) Karl Marx made London .

(2) They left the door .

(3) I think it to study English.

(4) The boss ordered his fellow .

(5) I noticed a man .

(6) I saw a man .

(7) Don’t keep the window .

(8) This puts me .

分析下列语段

The man is really careless. Yesterday the careless man left his door open the whole day.

A thief broke in. He took away a lot of valuable things. This gives the man a heavy blow. Being careless makes him lose almost everything.

二．并列句——由两个或两个以上简单句组成，用and（表示并列，递进），but（表示转折），so（表示因果），for（表示原因）等并列连词连接起来的句子。

(1) He is a student and he works hard.

(2) He has failed many times but he will never give up.

(3) He is ill so he hasn’t come for the meeting.

(4) The gas must run out for the motor bike stops suddenly.

三．复合句——又称主从复合句。是由两个或两个以上句子组成，但其中有一个处于重要地位，其余处于次要从属地位，称主从复合句（主句+定语从句/名词性从句/状语从句）。

(1) I met a lot of visitors (who were from America).

(2) who is the man (whom you shook hands with)?

(3) This is the novel (which I am interested in).

(4) The book has little (that is useful).

(5) I will never forget the days ([when] we lived [together]).

(6) The reason ([why] he was absent) was obvious.

(7) I can’t find the place ([where] he is working).

(8) I haven’t found a way ([in which] the problem can be solved).

(9) what you said was unbelievable.

(10) I believe that he can pass the driving test.

(11) My doubt is whether he can pass the exam.

(12) I don’t know who needs help.

(13) I will help whoever needs help.

(14) I can’t find where he works.

(15) I heard the news/that our team had wo n/.

(16) [If it should rain], we wouldn’t go camping.

(17) It is so heavy [that nobody can move it].

(18) [When it is heated], it turns into gas.

(19) [Where there is a will], there is a way.

(20) [Despite the fact that it is raining], we will go there.

(21) You must do everything [as I do].

(22) [Because there was a delay of plane], he missed the conference.

(23) I got up early [in order that I could get there on time].