IELTS GRAMMAR 1
雅思口语评分标准
雅思口语评分标准雅思口语有四项评分标准：A.流利 (Fluency and Accuracy)B.词汇(vocabulary)C.语法(grammar)D.发音(pronunciation标准一：流利度和连贯性(Fluency and Coherence)：雅思口试满分考生(9分)要能够流利地与考官交流，会话中几乎没有出现重复或自我更正，如果停顿的话，应该是和所讲内容相关的正常停顿而不是在考虑选择合适用词或正确的时态等。
内容要前后连贯，一气呵成。
为了保证语言流畅，考生可使用适当的连接词。
另外，对所谈论的主题要有一定的深度和扩展。
国外多数大学接受的本科入学雅思口试成绩的最低标准(6分)则仅要求考生能够主动和考官详细交谈，但有时会因为重复和停顿而缺乏连贯性。
能够使用一些连接性的过渡词，但有时不够准确。
标准二：词汇资源(Lexical Resource)：满分考生要能够灵活准确地使用相应词汇谈论各种话题。
词汇要丰富和准确，不能过于单一。
雅思口语考试虽然不要求考生使用偏难的单词，但是也要尽量避免一些过于简单的词汇。
要使用大学老师经常使用的词汇显然有助于取得高分。
此外，考生还应该能够自然准确地使用英语惯用语(但不需要使用俚语)。
例如：你可以说I have passed the IELT test. 但如果你加上一个习语，改为: I have passed the IELTS test with flying colours. 这会使语言显得更为生动活泼，肯定会得高分。
国外多数大学接受的本科入学雅思口试成绩的最低标准(6分)则仅要求考生能够使用足够的词汇来仔细谈论各种话题，能够清楚地表达自己的意思，尽管会有些错误出现。
标准三：语法范围和准确度(Grammatical Range and Accuracy)：满分考生要具备能够自然准确使用多种句型和句子结构的能力。
比如考官问你：How long have you studied English? 你的回答可能是两种：一种是Nine years. 也许你会说得更复杂一些，如：Nine years up to now, I spent almost 6 years learning English at middle school, and then another 3 years at college. 显然，后一种回答要比前一种得分高。
雅思入学测试卷(30分钟)(模拟)
LONGRE IELTS Admission Test-General ModulePart 1 VocabularyChoose the most appropriate answer A, B, C or D.1As he has _______ our patience, we’ll not wait for him any longer.A tornB wastedC exhaustedD consumed2These teachers try to be objective when they _______ the integrated ability of their students.A justifyB evaluateC indicateD reckon3I'm ______ enough to know it is going to be a very difficult situation to compete against three strong teams.A realisticB consciousC registerD resolve4 The ship's generator broke down, and the pumps had to be operated _____ instead of mechanically.A artificiallyB automaticallyC manuallyD synthetically5 It is obvious that this new rule is applicable to everyone without _______.A exceptionB exclusionC modificationD substitution6 The board of the company has decided to ______ its operations to include all aspects of the clothing business.A multiplyB lengthenC expandD stretchPart 2 GrammarChoose the correct letter to complete the sentences below.7. A whale is a mammal, _______________ it is warm-blooded and gives milk to its young.a. whob. whichc. which means thatd. that8. The biologist admitted ___________ excessive numbers of animals in laboratory tests.a. usingb. to usec. being usedd. used9. _____________ producing methane, the process also produces carbon monoxide. a. Apartb. As wellc. Besidesd. In addition10. The scientists were prohibited ____________ the danger zone.a. to enterb. enteringc. enterd. from entering11. If the temperature of the reactor __________ 500C higher meltdown would have occurred.a. wasb. had beenc. was beingd. had12.The mountain was ____________ many animals, such as wolves, badges and rabbits once haunted but now it is so silent.a. that placeb. wherec. whatd. then13. ___________ some flowers contain more nectar than others, how does a honeybee worker, faced with a patch of flowers containing variable amounts of nectar, decide when to stop collecting.a. Given thatb. Giving thatc. To gived. Being given14. Without computers, the world _________ what it is today.a. would beb. would not bec. won’t bed. hadn’t been15. Some women ____________ a good salary in a job instead of staying home, but they decided not to work for the sake of the family.a. must makeb. should have madec. would maked. could have made16. Those guilty of a serious crime __________ refuse to reform must be severely punished.a. whichb. whomc. whend. who17. When reports came into London zoo _________ a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously.a. whatb. asc. whichd. that18. The costs of distribution and sales make up a large part of prices that _______.a. all products are paid forb. are paid for all productsc. for all products paidd. for which all products paid19. The air inside a house or office building often has higher concentrations of contaminants ______________ heavily polluted outside air.a. than doseb. morec. as some that ared. like of20.Only a small portion of college youth have actually been drafted and sent to fight in Vietnam, as __________ to the nation’s previous wars.a. comparedb. comparingc. comparisond. being compared21. __________ native to Europe, the daisy has now spread throughout most of North America.a. Althoughb. If it werec. In spite ofd. That it isPart 3 ReadingPassage 1In the earliest stages of man’s development he had no more need of money than animals have. He was content with very simple forms of shelter, made his own rough tools and weapons and could provide food and clothing for himself and his family from natural materials around him. As he became more civilized, however, he began to want better shelter, more efficient tools and weapons, and more comfortable and more lasting clothing than could be provided by his own neighborhood or by the work of his own unskilled hands. For these things he had to turn to the skilled people such as smiths, leather workers or carpenters. It was then that the question of payment arose.At first he got what he wanted by a simple process of exchange. The smith who had not the time to look after land or cattle was glad to take meat or grain from the farmer in exchange for an axe or a plough. But as more and more goods which had no fixed exchange value came on the market, exchange became too complicated to be satisfactory. Another problem arose when those who made things wanted to get stocks of wood or leather, or iron, but had nothing to offer in exchange until their finished goods were ready.Thus the difficulties of exchange led by degrees to the invention of money. In some countries easily handled things like seeds or shells were given a certain value and the farmer, instead of paying the smith for a new axe by giving him some meat or grain, gave him so many shells. If the smith had any shells left when he had bought his food, he could get stocks of the raw materials of his trade. In some countries quite large things such as cows or camels or even big flat stones were used for trade. Later, pieces of metal, bearing values according to the rarity of the metal and the size of the pieces, or coins were used. Money as we know it had arrived.22 Exchange of goods became difficult because _________.A: man became more civilizedB: smiths began to look after land or cattle in their spare timeC: more and more goods which had no fixed exchange values came to the markerD farmers hadn’t enough grain or meat to provide for skilled workers23 Money was not used until _______.A: paper was inventedB: people practiced a simple process of exchangeC: nothing could be offered in exchangeD: the exchange of one thing for another became too complicated24 The best title for this passage is _____.A: What is moneyB: What are money’s functions.C: The importance of moneyD: The beginning of moneyPassage 2When was the last time you saw a frog? Chances are, if you live in a city, you have not seen one for some time. Even in wet areas once teeming with frogs and toads, it is becoming less and less easy to find those slimy, hopping and sometimes poisonous members of the animal kingdom. All over the world, and even in remote parts of Australia, frogs are losing the ecological battle for survival, and biologists are at a loss to explain their demise. Are amphibians simply oversensitive to changes in the ecosystem? Could it be that their rapid decline in numbers is signaling some coming environmental disaster for us all?This frightening scenario is in part the consequence of a dramatic increase over the last quarter century in the development of once natural areas of wet marshland; home not only to frogs but to all manner of wildlife. However, as yet, there are no obvious reasons why certain frog species are disappearing from rainforests in Australia that have barely been touched by human hand. The mystery is unsettling to say the least, for it is known that amphibian species are extremely sensitive to environmental variations in temperature and moisture levels. The danger is that planet Earth might not only lose a vital link in the ecological food chain (frogs keep populations of otherwise pestilent insects at manageable levels), but we might be increasing our output of air pollutants to levels that may have already become irreversible. Frogs could be inadvertently warning us of a catastrophe.An example of a species of frog that, at far as is known, has become extinct is the platypus frog. Like the well-known Australian mammal it was named after, it exhibited some very strange behavior; instead of giving birth to tadpoles in the water, it raised its young within its stomach. The baby frogs were actually born from out of their mother's mouth. Discovered in 1981, less than ten years later the frog had completely vanished from the crystal clear waters of Booloumba Creek near Queensland's Sunshine Coast. Unfortunately, this freak of nature is not the only frog species to have been lost in Australia. Since the 1970s, no less than eight others have suffered the same fate.One theory that seems to fit the facts concerns the depletion of the ozone layer, a well documented phenomenon which has led to a sharp increase in ultraviolet radiation levels. The ozone layer is meant to shield the Earth from UV rays, but increased radiation may be having a greater effect upon frog populations than previously believed. Another theory is that worldwide temperature increases are upsetting the breeding cycles of frogs.TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN25. Frogs are disappearing only from city areas.26. Biologists are unable to explain why frogs are dying.27. Attempts are being made to halt the development of wet marshland.28. Frogs are important in the ecosystem because they control pests.29. The platypus frog became extinct by 1991.30. Eight frog species have become extinct so far in Australia.。
雅思英语单词大全带音标速记版
雅思英语单词大全带音标速记版雅思（IELTS）作为一项广泛认可的英语语言考试，对学生的词汇量要求非常高。
为了帮助考生更好地备考雅思考试，本文将为大家提供一份带音标速记版的雅思英语单词大全，以供参考。
以下是根据不同的词汇主题，整理的雅思英语单词大全，每个单词都附带音标和速记，以帮助考生更好地理解和记忆。
1. 雅思英语单词大全-常见动词（Verbs）：- remember [rɪ'mɛmbər] 记住（速记：rem）- study ['stʌdi] 学习（速记：sta）- practice ['præktɪs] 练习（速记：pri）- improve [ɪm'pruv] 提高（速记：imp）- communicate [kə'mjunɪkeɪt] 沟通（速记：com）- achieve [ə'tʃiv] 实现（速记：ach）- concentrate ['kɒnsnˌtreɪt] 集中注意力（速记：con）- develop [dɪ'vɛləp] 发展（速记：dev）- understand [ʌndər'stænd] 理解（速记：und）- succeed [sək'sid] 成功（速记：suc）2. 雅思英语单词大全-常见名词（Nouns）：- exam [ɪg'zæm] 考试（速记：exa）- vocabulary [və'kæbjʊlˌɛri] 词汇（速记：voc）- grammar ['græmər] 语法（速记：gra）- pronunciation [prə,nʌnsi'eɪʃən] 发音（速记：pro）- listening ['lɪs(ə)nɪŋ] 听力（速记：lis）- reading ['ridɪŋ] 阅读（速记：rea）- writing ['raɪtɪŋ] 写作（速记：wri）- speaking ['spikɪŋ] 口语（速记：spe）- conversation [ˌkɒnvə'seɪʃən] 会话（速记：con）- dictionary ['dɪkʃənˌɛri] 字典（速记：dic）3. 雅思英语单词大全-常见形容词（Adjectives）：- difficult ['dɪfɪkəlt] 困难的（速记：dif）- easy ['i:zi] 简单的（速记：eas）- important [ɪm'pɔrtənt] 重要的（速记：imp）- useful ['ju:sfʊl] 有用的（速记：use）- interesting ['ɪntrəstɪŋ] 有趣的（速记：int）- necessary ['nɛsə,sɛri] 必要的（速记：nec）- confident ['kɒnfɪdənt] 自信的（速记：con）- patient ['peɪʃənt] 耐心的（速记：pat）- creative [kri:'eɪtɪv] 创造性的（速记：cre）- organized ['ɔrgənaɪzd] 有条理的（速记：org）4. 雅思英语单词大全-常见副词（Adverbs）：- carefully ['kɛr,fəli] 小心地（速记：car）- quickly ['kwɪkli] 快速地（速记：qui）- fluently ['flu:əntli] 流利地（速记：flu）- correctly [kə'rɛktli] 正确地（速记：cor）- naturally ['nætʃrəli] 自然地（速记：nat）- effectively [ɪ'fɛktɪvli] 有效地（速记：eff）- completely [kəm'pli:tli] 完全地（速记：com）- slowly ['sloʊli] 慢慢地（速记：slo）- loudly ['laʊdli] 大声地（速记：lou）- often ['ɔf(ə)n] 经常（速记：of）5. 雅思英语单词大全-常见连词（Conjunctions）：- and [ænd] 和（速记：and）- or [ɔr] 或者（速记：or）- because [bɪ'kɔz] 因为（速记：be）- although [ɔl'ɵo] 虽然（速记：al）- however [haʊ'ɛvər] 然而（速记：ho）- therefore ['ðɛrfɔr] 因此（速记：the）- moreover [moʊr'oʊvər] 此外（速记：mo）- yet [jɛt] 然而（速记：yet）- so [soʊ] 所以（速记：so）6. 雅思英语单词大全-常见介词（Prepositions）：- in [ɪn] 在（速记：in）- on [ɒn] 在上面（速记：on）- at [æt] 在（速记：at）- by [baɪ] 通过（速记：by）- with [wɪθ] 与（速记：with）- from [frʌm] 从（速记：from）- to [tu] 到（速记：to）- about [ə'baʊt] 关于（速记：ab）- like [laɪk] 像（速记：like）以上是根据不同词性分类的雅思英语单词大全，通过学习和记忆这些单词，考生可以更好地应对雅思考试中的词汇需求。
雅思写作评分标准对照表2023
2023雅思写作评分标准对照表1.概述作为国际英语语言测试系统（IELTS）的一部分，雅思写作部分是考生们在申请留学或移民过程中必须面对的重要考试之一。
雅思写作考试是评估考生在书面交流能力方面的一个重要指标，了解雅思写作评分标准对于备考考生来说至关重要。
本文将介绍2023年最新的雅思写作评分标准对照表，分析各个评分维度的具体要求和标准，帮助考生更好地准备和应对雅思写作考试。
2. 任务响应(Task Response)任务响应是雅思写作评分的第一个维度，它着重于考生对于题目所要求的内容是否进行了详尽和准确的回答。
在2023年的雅思写作评分标准对照表中，任务响应的要求更加具体和明确。
考生需要在文章中清晰地表达对于题目要求的理解，确保在回答问题的过程中足够详细和全面。
考生还需注意提供具体的例子和论据来支撑自己的观点，确保文章的逻辑性和连贯性。
3. 语言（Lexical Resource）语言是雅思写作评分的另一个关键维度，它主要评价考生的词汇和表达能力。
在2023年的雅思写作评分标准中，语言的要求更加注重考生对于词汇的准确和丰富使用，以及表达能力的灵活和多样性。
考生需要在文章中运用恰当的词汇和短语来表达自己的想法，避免重复和简单的表达方式。
考生还需注意使用恰当的句式和语法结构，确保文章的流畅和连贯。
4. 语法和句子结构（Grammar and Sentence Structure）语法和句子结构是雅思写作评分的另一个重要维度，它主要评价考生对于语法和句子结构的掌握程度。
在2023年的雅思写作评分标准中，语法和句子结构的要求更加强调考生对于句子的准确性和多样性。
考生需要在文章中避免简单和重复的句式，尝试运用各种复杂的句子结构来表达自己的观点。
考生还需注意使用恰当的时态和语态，确保文章的表达准确和清晰。
5. 一致性和连贯性（Coherence and Cohesion）一致性和连贯性是雅思写作评分的最后一个维度，它主要评价考生在文章结构和段落间的连接上是否达到了一定的水平。
雅思词汇_Chapter6人文科学
小沈的单词本Chapter 6. 人文科学包括：a. 艺术与文学; b. 文化与历史; c. 经济与贸易; d. 企业与管理; e. 法律与犯罪.N.B.The words with shading are not required in IELTS, but required in at least one another examination, including TOEFL, SAT, GRE, CET4/6, and NETM. Also, the italicized words are neither required in IELTS, nor in TOEFL, SAT, GRE, CET4/6, or NETM according to YouDao Dict.The BrE phonetic transcriptions, but the NAmE spellings are typed in this article.There are 10 chapters in this article, other chapters and a complete version can be found in my Baidu blog.注意带黄底的单词是非雅思要求的词汇，但是是托福、SAT、GRE、四六级、考研英语之中至少一种考试所要求的词汇. 而斜体的单词既不是雅思要求的词汇，也不是托福、SAT、GRE、四六级、考研英语要求的词汇.本材料中采用单词的英音音标、美式拼写.本材料共10章, 其他章节和一个完整版均可以在我的百度文库店铺中找到.Chapter 6. 人文科学a.艺术与文学classical music 古典乐jazz /dʒæz/ 爵士乐rock /rɒk/ 摇滚乐hip-hop/ˈhɪp hɒp/ 嘻哈pop /pɒp/ 流行歌曲lyric /ˈlɪrɪk/ 抒情的lyrics /'lɪrɪks/ 抒情诗；歌词melody /ˈmelədi/ 旋律rhythm /ˈrɪðəm/ 节奏；韵律tone /təʊn/ 音调；音色；语气tune /tjuːn/ 曲调tuner/ˈtjuːnə(r)/ 调音师；谐振器instrument 乐器piano 钢琴violin /ˌvaɪəˈlɪn/ 小提琴cello /ˈtʃeləʊ/ 大提琴guitar 吉他harmonic /hɑːˈmɒnɪk/ 和声(的) harmonica/hɑːˈmɒnɪkə/ 口琴organ /ˈɔːɡən/ 风琴；器官mouth organ 口琴trumpet /ˈtrʌmpɪt/ 喇叭drum 鼓flute /fluːt/ 长笛trombone /trɒmˈbəʊn/ 长号cornet/ˈkɔːnɪt/ 短号clarinet /ˌklærəˈnet/ 单簧管oboe/ˈəʊbəʊ/双簧管percussion /pəˈkʌʃn/ 敲打乐器；打击乐solo 独奏；独唱band 乐队concert 音乐会；演唱会conductor 指挥symphony /ˈsɪmfəni/ 交响乐；和声orchestra /ˈɔːkɪstrə/管弦乐队improvise /ˈɪmprəvaɪz/ 即兴表演；即兴创作opera /ˈɒprə/ 歌剧；歌剧院；歌剧团drama /ˈdrɑːmə/ 戏剧；剧本melodrama /ˈmelədrɑːmə/ 闹剧；夸张的(情节剧) modern drama 话剧musical /ˈmjuːzɪkl/ 音乐剧ballet /ˈbæleɪ/ 芭蕾costume /ˈkɒstjuːm/ 戏服academic costume 学位服scene (舞台)场景；现场senery 舞台布景；风景lighting 舞台灯光spotlight 聚光灯auditorium /ˌɔːdɪˈtɔːriəm/ 礼堂；观众席target audience /ˈɔːdiəns/目标观众magic/ˈmædʒɪk/ 魔法；魔术；有魔力的circus /ˈsɜːkəs/ 马戏；马戏团rehearsal /rɪˈhɜːsl/ 排练rehearse /rɪˈhɜːs/ v.排练gallery /ˈɡæləri/ 画廊exhibition /ˌeksɪˈbɪʃn/ 展览；展会photograph /ˈfəʊtəɡrɑːf/ 照片；相片painting /ˈpeɪntɪŋ/ 绘画；油画sketch /sketʃ/ 素描；梗概portrait /ˈpɔːtreɪt/ 肖像；人像；半身雕塑像sculpture /ˈskʌlptʃə(r)/ v./n.雕塑；雕刻statue /ˈstætʃuː/ 雕像；塑像relief n.浮雕；救济；减轻mural /ˈmjʊərəl/ 壁画carve /kɑːv/ 雕刻stone/wood carving 石雕/木雕craft /krɑːft/手艺handicraft 手工艺；手工艺品artefact /ˈɑːtɪfækt/ 手工制品handwriting 笔迹；书法calligraphy /kəˈlɪɡrəfi/ 书法autograph /ˈɔːtəɡrɑːf/亲笔签名；手稿aesthetic /esˈθetɪk/ 审美；美学的movie/film(更英式) 电影cinema/theater /ˈsɪnəmə /电影院role 角色actor/actress 演员stand-in 替身演员hero/heroine /ˈherəʊɪn/ 男/女主角supporting actor/actress 男/女配角billing 演员表；广告；账款cast 演员阵容；投掷an all-star cast 全明星阵容members of the cast 剧组成员audition /ɔːˈdɪʃn/ (对演艺人员的)试演director 导演producer=PD制片人supervisor 监制photographer/cameraman摄影script 剧本scriptwriter编剧plot/scenario 情节frame 一帧(画面)original version /əˈrɪdʒənl/ 原版recompose/adapt /riːkəm'pəʊz//əˈdæpt/改编dub /dʌb/ v./n.配音lines 台词story line 故事梗概title 片名subtitile 字幕bullet screen 弹幕soundtrack配乐voiceover 旁白；画外音Oscar /ˈɑːskər/ 奥斯卡feature film 剧情片action film 动作片science fiction film 科幻片fantasy film 魔幻片comedy 喜剧tragedy film /ˈtrædʒədi/ 悲剧片X-rated 少儿不宜的porno film/ˈpɔːnəʊ/ 色情电影thriller /ˈθrɪlə(r)/ 惊悚片；恐怖小说horror film /ˈhɒrə(r)/ 恐怖片suspense film/səˈspens/悬疑片documentary /ˌdɒkjuˈmentri/ 纪录片newsreel/ˈnjuːzriːl/ 新闻影片animation /ˌænɪˈmeɪʃn/动画片cartoon /kɑːˈtuːn/卡通TV play 电视剧serial /ˈsɪəriəl/ 电视连续剧；小说连载；系列电影series /ˈsɪəriːz/ (广播或电视上的)系列节目superhero series 超级英雄系列电影Marvel/ˈmɑːvl/ 漫威a sequel to * /ˈsiːkwəl/ *的续集blockbuster /ˈblɒkbʌstə(r)/大片* was released/shown *上映a box-office hit 一部卖座的电影quiz program/kwɪz/ 知识竞赛节目game show游戏节目talent show 选秀节目reality talent show 真人秀talk show 脱口秀；访谈节目host 主持人emcee=MC/emˈsiː/主持人literate /ˈlɪtərət/ 有文化的；学者literature /ˈlɪtrətʃə(r)/ 文学literal /ˈlɪtərəl/ 文字的；逐字的；不夸张的tale 故事；传说fairy tale 童话fiction 小说poetry /ˈpəʊətri/ 诗satire /ˈsætaɪə(r)/ 讽刺；讽刺文学magazine 杂志；弹药库coverage 新闻报道；覆盖(范围) biography /baɪˈɒɡrəfi/ 传记；档案language 语言lingual /ˈlɪŋɡwəl/ 语言的；舌的linguistics /lɪŋˈɡwɪstɪks/ 语言学monolingual/ˌmɒnəˈlɪŋɡwəl/ 只会一种语言的monotonous /məˈnɒtənəs/单调的mundane /mʌnˈdeɪn/ 单调的；平凡的bilingual /ˌbaɪˈlɪŋɡwəl/ 双语的；会两种语言的multilingual /ˌmʌltiˈlɪŋɡwəl/ 会多种语言的Mandarin /ˈmændərɪn/普通话Cantonese /ˌkæntəˈniːz/广东话Chinese character 汉字pictograph /'pɪktəgrɑːf/ 象形文字pronounce /prəˈnaʊns/ 发音intonation /ˌɪntəˈneɪʃn/ 声调；语调inflection/ɪnˈflekʃn/ 声调变化；弯曲；变形accent /ˈæksənt/ 口音phonetics/fəˈnetɪks/ 语音学grammar /ˈɡræmə(r)/语法grammatical /ɡrəˈmætɪkl/ 文法的syntax /ˈsɪntæks/ 句法semantic /sɪˈmæntɪk/ 语义的；语义学的coherence /kəʊˈhɪərəns/连贯性fluency 流利；流利度syllable /ˈsɪləbl/ 音节vowel /ˈvaʊəl/ 元音(的) consonant /ˈkɒnsənənt/ 辅音(的)verbal /ˈvɜːbl/ 口头的；动词的oral /ˈɔːrəl/ 口头的；口述的utterance /ˈʌtərəns/ 表达；说话方式alphabet /ˈælfəbet/ 字母表vocabulary 词汇lexical /ˈleksɪkl/ 词汇的idiom /ˈɪdiəm/ 习语；土话；成语phrase /freɪz/ 短语proverb /ˈprɒvɜːb/ 谚语；格言adage /ˈædɪdʒ/ 格言；谚语；箴言slang/slæŋ/ 俚语root /ruːt/ 词源；根；生根prefix/ˈpriːfɪks/ (添加)前缀suffix/ˈsʌfɪks/ (添加)后缀abbreviation/əˌbriːviˈeɪʃn/ 缩写logogram/ˈlɒɡəɡræm/ 简写synonym /ˈsɪnənɪm/ 同义词antonym /ˈæntənɪm/ 反义词noun/naʊn/ 名词singular /ˈsɪŋɡjələ(r)/ 单数(的)；单一的plural /ˈplʊərəl/ 复数(的)a pluralist society /ˈplʊərəlɪst/ 多元的社会pronoun /ˈprəʊnaʊn/ 代词verb 动词adjective/ˈædʒɪktɪv/ 形容词adverb /ˈædvɜːb/ 副词preposition /ˌprepəˈzɪʃn/ 介词conjunction /kənˈdʒʌŋkʃn/ 连接词；结合clause /klɔːz/ 从句；条款tense /tens/ 时态；紧张的translation 翻译compile /kəmˈpaɪl/ v.编译；编制paraphrase /ˈpærəfreɪz/ 意译；解释literality/,lɪtə'rælətɪ/ 直译interpret /ɪnˈtɜːprət/ 口译；说明interpreter /ɪnˈtɜːprətə(r)/口译员narrate /nəˈreɪt/ 叙述；讲述illuminate /ɪˈluːmɪneɪt/ 阐明decipher /dɪˈsaɪfə(r)/ 破译eloquence /ˈeləkwəns/ 口才；修辞；雄辩eloquent /ˈeləkwənt/ 有说服力的；意味深长的punchline /ˈpʌntʃlaɪn/(笑话最后的)关键句，妙语；画龙点睛之语gossip /ˈɡɒsɪp/ n./v.八卦；闲聊rumour /ˈruːmə(r)/ 谣言；v.传闻medium /ˈmiːdiəm/ 媒介；中间的media /ˈmiːdiə/ 媒体；(复数)媒介press 新闻界；出版社publish 出版；发行journalism /ˈdʒɜːnəlɪzəm/ 新闻业commentary /ˈkɒməntri/实况报道；现场解说b.文化与历史culture文化civilization /ˌsɪvəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/ 文明epic /ˈepɪk/ 史诗(般的)tradition 传统custom 风俗customs /ˈkʌstəmz/海关ritual /ˈrɪtʃuəl/ 仪式；惯例；礼制etiquette/ˈetɪkət/ 礼节；礼仪derive from/dɪˈraɪv/ 源于originate from/əˈrɪdʒɪneɪt/ 源于native 本土的local 当地的nostalgia /nɒˈstældʒə/ 乡愁homesick 想家的exotic /ɪɡˈzɒtɪk/ 异国(风情)的alien /ˈeɪliən/ 外国(的)；外星人heritage /ˈherɪtɪdʒ/ 遗产；传统；继承(权) inherit /ɪnˈherɪt/v.继承antique /ænˈtiːk/ 古老的；古董archaeology /ˌɑːkiˈɒlədʒi/ 考古学archaeologist/ˌɑːkiˈɒlədʒɪst/ 考古学家excavate /ˈekskəveɪt/ 挖掘；开凿excavation n.发掘；挖掘antique /ænˈtiːk/古董；古老的pottery /ˈpɒtəri/ 陶器engrave /ɪnˈɡreɪv/ 雕刻engraving 雕刻品inscription /ɪnˈskrɪpʃn/ 题词；铭文；碑文museum 博物馆religion /rɪˈlɪdʒən/ 宗教materialism /məˈtɪəriəlɪzəm/ 唯物主义idealism /aɪˈdiːəlɪzəm/ 唯心主义Christian /ˈkrɪstʃən/ 基督教的/徒Buddhism /ˈbʊdɪzəm/ 佛教Islam /ˈɪzlɑːm/伊斯兰教atheist /ˈeɪθiɪst/ 无神论者clan /klæn/ 宗族；部落religious belief/faith /rɪˈlɪdʒəs/宗教信仰sacred /ˈseɪkrɪd/ 神(圣)的hallowed /ˈhæləʊd/ 神圣的holy /ˈhəʊli/ 圣洁的pope /pəʊp/ 教皇bishop /ˈbɪʃəp/ (基督教)主教missionary /ˈmɪʃənri/ 传教的/士priest /priːst/ 神父；牧师Bible /ˈbaɪbl/ 圣经church 教堂cathedral /kəˈθiːdrəl/ 大教堂choir /ˈkwaɪə(r)/ 唱诗班monk /mʌŋk/ 僧侣temple /ˈtempl/ 庙宇pagoda/pəˈɡəʊdə/ (东方寺院的)宝塔oriental /ˌɔːriˈentl/ 东方的renaissance /rɪˈneɪsns/ 文艺复兴enlightenment /ɪnˈlaɪtnmənt/启蒙运动slavery /ˈsleɪvəri/ 奴隶制colony /ˈkɒləni/ 殖民地tribe /traɪb/ 部落tribal 部落的aboriginal /ˌæbəˈrɪdʒənl/ 土著(的)feudal /ˈfjuːdl/ 封建制度的empire /ˈempaɪə(r)/ 帝国imperial /ɪmˈpɪəriəl/ 帝国的；皇帝的dynasty 王朝；朝代thrive /θraɪv/ v.繁荣；兴旺prosperity /prɒˈsperəti/繁荣；兴旺royal 皇家的nobility /nəʊˈbɪləti/ 贵族lord 主；上帝；(英)贵族emperor 皇帝king 国王majesty /ˈmædʒəsti/ 威严；王权status/ˈsteɪtəs/ 地位；状态queen 王后；女王prince 王子princess 公主；王妃knight 骑士anecdote /ˈænɪkdəʊt/ 奇闻；轶事c.经济与贸易economy /ɪˈkɒnəmi/ 经济economic /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk/ 经济上的economical /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪkl/ 经济的；划算的；节约的financial /faɪˈnænʃl/ 财政的revenue/ˈrevənjuː/ (政府)财政收入；税收收入expense /ɪkˈspens/ 开支；代价expenditure /ɪkˈspendɪtʃə(r)/ 支出；花费currency 货币；通货monetary /ˈmʌnɪtri/ 货币的；财政的monetary policy 货币政策exchange rate 汇率The exchange rate of pound to RMB is about 9. shilling /ˈʃɪlɪŋ/ 先令(英国1971年以前货币单位，20先令合一英镑) pence /pens/ (复数)便士(100便士合一英镑) cash 现金cheque=check 支票dishonor拒付dishonored cheque 空头支票debit card /ˈdebɪt/ 借记卡credit card /ˈkredɪt/ 信用卡coin 硬币copper /ˈkɒpə(r)/ 铜币treasure /ˈtreʒə(r)/ 财富；珍宝tax 税levy /ˈlevi/ v./n.征收(税)；征集(兵) impose /ɪmˈpəʊz/征收duty 关税；责任tariff /ˈtærɪf/ v./n.(征收)关税export /ˈekspɔːt/ v./n.出口quota /ˈkwəʊtə/ 配额；指标export quota 出口限额achieve/have quota of * 完成*的指标import 进口value of import 进口额dump /dʌmp/ 倾倒；(向国外)倾销global trade 环球贸易domestic and overseas markets 海内外市场GDP=gross domestic product/dəˈmestɪk/per capita/'kæpɪtə/ 人均surplus /ˈsɜːpləs/盈余；顺差；过剩的deficit /ˈdefɪsɪt/ 赤字；逆差inflation /ɪnˈfleɪʃn/ 通货膨胀；膨胀deflation/ˌdiːˈfleɪʃn/ 通货紧缩；放气recession/rɪˈseʃn/ 衰退；不景气depression 不景气；沮丧sluggish/ˈslʌɡɪʃ/ 萧条的；迟缓的economic crisis /ˈkraɪsɪs/ 经济危机manufacturing industry 制造业service industry 服务业catering industry 餐饮业hospitality industry /ˌhɒspɪˈtæləti/ 酒店业；服务业tourism industry 旅游业commercial /kəˈmɜːʃl/ 商业的commerce /ˈkɒmɜːs/ 贸易；商务entity /ˈentəti/ 实体；存在；本质a business entity 企业实体a sovereign entity /ˈsɒvrɪn/主权(国)实体invest 投资capital inflow资本流入influx of capital /ˈɪnflʌks/资本流入capital withdrawal /wɪðˈdrɔːəl/ 资产撤出bid v./n.出价；投标merchant /ˈmɜːtʃənt/ 商人；批发商；商家retail /'riːteɪl/ v./n.零售；零售的wholesale /ˈhəʊlseɪl/ 批发(的) transaction 交易deal 交易；买卖；约定；对付consumption /kənˈsʌmpʃn/ 消费；消耗consumer /kənˈsjuːmə(r)/ 消费者consumerism/kənˈsjuːmərɪzəm/消费主义dispense /dɪˈspens/发售；分配；免除goods 商品item (一件)商品；项目merchandise /ˈmɜːtʃəndaɪz/ 商品；货物commodity/kəˈmɒdəti/ 商品；日用品cargo /ˈkɑːɡəʊ/货物daily necessity /nəˈsesəti/ 生活必需品dispenser /dɪˈspensə(r)/自动售货机；药剂师customer 顾客client /ˈklaɪənt/顾客；客户sponser /ˈspɒnsə(r)/ 赞助者；主办方patron /ˈpeɪtrən/ 赞助人；主顾turnover /ˈtɜːnəʊvə(r)/ 翻覆；营业额cost 成本；代价profit 利润purchase /ˈpɜːtʃəs/ v./n.购买earn 赚钱afford 买得起；承担得起on sale (廉价)出售promotion 促销；提升；促进bargain /ˈbɑːɡən/ n.便宜货；v.讨价还价discount n./v.折扣a 10% discount 打九折membership 会员身份；会员资格voucher /ˈvaʊtʃə(r)/ 代金券；票券；凭证coupon /ˈkuːpɒn/ 优惠券lease /liːs/ 租约；v.出租receipt /rɪˈsiːt/ 收据invoice /ˈɪnvɔɪs/ 发票refund 退款；退税reimburse /ˌriːɪmˈbɜːs/ 偿还；赔偿reimbursement n.赔偿；报销apply for reimbursement 报销affluent /ˈæfluənt/ 富裕的；富人asset /ˈæset/ 资产estate /ɪˈsteɪt/ 房地产；财产real/immovable estate 不动产possession /pəˈzeʃn/ 拥有；财产property /ˈprɒpəti/ 财产；所有权；性质legacy /ˈleɡəsi/ 遗产ownership 所有权copyright 版权auction /ˈɔːkʃn/ v./n.拍卖donate /dəʊˈneɪt/ 捐赠endow /ɪnˈdaʊ/ (向学校等机构)捐钱；赋予wealth management 理财security 证券；安全(性) bond 债券；n./v.结合fund 基金；资金stock /stɒk/ 股票share 份额；股份dividend /ˈdɪvɪdend/ 红利；股息lottery /ˈlɒtəri/彩票account 账户deposit /dɪˈpɒzɪt/ n./v.存款；押金withdraw (从银行)取款；撤回interest /ˈɪntrəst/利益；利息insurance 保险loan /ləʊn/ 贷款；借款mortgage /ˈmɔːɡɪdʒ/ n./v.抵押贷款debt /det/ 债务；借款obligation 义务；职责；债务liability /ˌlaɪəˈbɪləti/ 责任；债务installment /ɪn'stɔ:lmənt/ 安装；分期付款penalty /ˈpenəlti/ 罚款d.企业与管理listed company 上市公司multinational company 跨国公司joint-stock company 合资公司firm 公司；商号state-owned enterprise /ˈentəpraɪz/ 国有企业foreign-invested enterprise 外资企业corporation /ˌkɔːpəˈreɪʃn/ 公司；法人(团体) legal person 法人consortium /kənˈsɔːtiəm/ 财团acquisition /ˌækwɪˈzɪʃn/ 获得；收购negotiation 谈判；转让boss 老板director董事board 董事会chairman 董事长；会长；主席general manager 总经理supervisor 管理者superintendent /ˌsuːpərɪnˈtendənt/ 负责人；主管人executive /ɪɡˈzekjətɪv/主管subordinate 部属；下级apprentice /əˈprentɪs/ 学徒deputy/ˈdepjuti/ 副手；副职vice- 副的clerk /klɑːk/ 职员internship /ˈɪntɜːnʃɪp/ 实习生labor 劳动；劳动力workforce /ˈwɜːkfɔːs/ 劳动力white-collar worker 白领personnel /ˌpɜːsəˈnel/ 人事部门；全体人员human resource 人力资源regulate 调节；有系统地管理recruit /rɪˈkruːt/ v./n.招募；聘用；征兵post 岗位job vacancy/ˈveɪkənsi/ 职位空缺hunt for a job 找工作procedure /prəˈsiːdʒə(r)/程序；手续；步骤interview 面试；采访resume /rɪˈzjuːm/ 简历recommend 推荐recommendation /ˌrekəmenˈdeɪʃn/ 推荐信employ 雇用employee /ɪmˈplɔɪiː/雇员employer /ɪmˈplɔɪə(r)/ 雇主hire 租用；(临时)聘用preservice training 岗前培训undertaking (重大或艰巨的)任务；项目commute /kəˈmjuːt/通勤clock in 打卡上班flextime /ˈfleksitaɪm/弹性工作制attend/əˈtendəns/ 出席；上(大学等)；照料attendance /əˈtendəns/出席；考勤absent /ˈæbsənt/ 缺席的absenteeism /ˌæbsənˈtiːɪzəm/ 旷工；旷课ask for leave 请假overtime 加班时间；加班的overwork v./n.(工作)过度劳累salary 薪水income 收入wage /weɪdʒ/工资；报酬payment 付款；报酬payroll 工资单remuneration/rɪˌmjuːnəˈreɪʃn/ 报酬；酬劳subsidy /ˈsʌbsədi/ 津贴；补贴allowance /əˈlaʊəns/ 津贴bonus /ˈbəʊnəs/ 奖金；红利increment /ˈɪŋkrəmənt/定期的加薪deduct /dɪˈdʌkt/ 扣除(工资) suspension/səˈspenʃn/ 停职；暂停downsize /ˈdaʊnsaɪz/ v.裁员redundancy/rɪˈdʌndənsi/ n.冗余；裁员fire 解雇lay-off n.解雇dismiss 解雇dismissal /dɪsˈmɪsl/ n.解雇discharge v./n.释放；免职；出院sack /sæk/ v.解雇；掠夺resign v./n.辞职resignation /ˌrezɪɡˈneɪʃn/ n.辞职；辞职信retire 退休retirement n.退休pension /ˈpenʃn/退休金；抚恤金e.法律与犯罪law 法律legal /ˈliːɡl/ 法律的；合法的illegal 非法的；违法的legitimate /lɪˈdʒɪtɪmət/ 合法的；正当的statutory /ˈstætʃətri/ 法定的；可依法惩处的illegitimate /ˌɪləˈdʒɪtəmət/ 私生的；非法的valid/ˈvælɪd/ 有效的；合法的invalid 无效的；残疾的righteous /ˈraɪtʃəs/ 正义的；正直的rigorous/ˈrɪɡərəs/ 严格的；严密的rigid /ˈrɪdʒɪd/ 严格的；死板的stern /stɜːn/ 严厉的；船尾rule 规则regulation 法规treaty /ˈtriːti/ 条约；协议charter/ˈtʃɑːtə(r)/ 宪章protocol /ˈprəʊtəkɒl/ 协议；草案draft n.草案；v.起草agreement 协议；共识；契约consensus /kənˈsensəs/共识attempt to reach a consensus 努力达成共识recognition /ˌrekəɡˈnɪʃn/ 承认；识别；赞誉item/ˈaɪtəm/ 条目an undertaking clause/klɔːz/ 承诺条款convention /kənˈvenʃn/ 惯例；协定abide /əˈbaɪd/ 忍受；持续abide by 遵守observe/obey 遵守comply with /kəmˈplaɪ/ 遵守；照做violate/break the laws 违反法律deter 威慑；阻止；使打消念头mandatory /ˈmændətəri/ 法定的；义务的obligation /ˌɒblɪˈɡeɪʃn/ 义务；职责；债务enact /ɪˈnækt/ 制定(法律)；颁布formulate /ˈfɔːmjuleɪt/规划；制定；确切表达legislate /ˈledʒɪsleɪt/ v.立法legislation /ˌledʒɪsˈleɪʃn/ n.立法legislative /ˈledʒɪslətɪv/立法的legislative power 立法权legislative institution 立法机构judicial /dʒuˈdɪʃl/ 司法的executive power/ɪɡˈzekjətɪv/ 行政权constitution /ˌkɒnstɪˈtjuːʃn/ 宪法penal law/code /ˈpiːnl/ 刑法civil law/code 民法business/commercial law 商业法international law 国际法court 法院supreme court 最高法院judge 法官；裁判jury /ˈdʒʊəri/ 陪审团attorney /əˈtɜːni/[美]律师solicitor /səˈlɪsɪtə(r)/[英]诉状律师recess /ˈriːses/ n.休庭；休会trail /treɪl/ 审判；试验；痕迹awaiting trail 等候审判accuse /əˈkjuːz/ 控告accuse sb. of sth.petition/pəˈtɪʃn/ 请愿书；诉状prosecute /ˈprɒsɪkjuːt/ 检举；起诉mediate /ˈmiːdieɪt/ 调解；调停reconcile /ˈrekənsaɪl/调解；调停plead /pliːd/ 辩护pleading n.辩护justify/ˈdʒʌstɪfaɪ/ 替…辩护；证明…合法justifiable /ˌdʒʌstɪˈfaɪəbl/ 可证明为正当的justifiable defense 正当防卫mute /mjuːt/缄默的silent 沉默的oversee 监督；审查witness /ˈwɪtnəs/目击；目击者；证人clue 线索arrest 逮捕detain /dɪˈteɪn/扣押；拘留convict /kən'vɪkt/ 宣告…有罪；罪犯condemn /kənˈdem/ 谴责；判处(某人某种刑罚) condemn to death for murder 因凶杀被判处死刑appeal /əˈpiːl/ 上诉；呼吁appeal against the sentence 提出上诉a light/heavy sentence 轻/重刑victim 受害人hostage /ˈhɒstɪdʒ/ 人质decedent/dɪ'siːd(ə)nt/ 死者confess /kənˈfes/供认；忏悔succumb /səˈkʌm/ 屈从penalty /ˈpenəlti/ 处罚；罚款fine 罚款confine /kənˈfaɪn/ v.监禁n.范围；限制jail /dʒeɪl/监狱prison /ˈprɪzn/监狱suspect /səˈspekt/ 嫌疑人commit/kəˈmɪt/ 犯罪crime /kraɪm/罪行criminal /ˈkrɪmɪnl/ 罪犯guilt 犯罪vice /vaɪs/ 恶习；副的；代替offend /əˈfend/ 冒犯；违法petty/minor offend 轻微的罪行severe penal cases 严重的刑事案件offender 罪犯treason/ˈtriːzn/ 叛国罪bribe /braɪb/贿赂rob v.抢劫robbery/ˈrɒbəri/n.抢劫robber 强盗；劫匪burglar /ˈbɜːɡlə(r)/ 窃贼pirate /ˈpaɪərət/海盗；盗版hijack /ˈhaɪdʒæk/ (尤在交通工具上)劫持steal n.偷窃theif 小偷；盗贼larceny /ˈlɑːsəni/ 偷盗罪smuggle /ˈsmʌɡl/v.走私murder n./v.谋杀kidnap /ˈkɪdnæp/ v.绑架；拐骗kidnapping 拐骗罪murderer /ˈmɜːdərə(r)/ 杀人犯；凶手bloodguilt 杀人罪suicide /ˈsjuːɪsaɪd/ 自杀homicide /ˈhɒmɪsaɪd/他杀；杀人犯deceive /dɪˈsiːv/ v.行骗；欺骗deception /dɪˈsepʃn/ n.欺骗；欺诈fraud /frɔːd/ 欺诈；骗子sexual harassment/həˈræsmənt/ 性骚扰terrorist /ˈterərɪst/ 恐怖分子terrorism /ˈterərɪzəm/ 恐怖主义/行动shooting incident枪击事件evil /ˈiːvl/ 邪恶的wicked /ˈwɪkɪd/ 邪恶的；下流的devil /ˈdevl/ 魔鬼hatred /ˈheɪtrɪd/ 憎恨；仇恨loath=loth /ləʊθ/不情愿的；勉强的loathing 嫌恶；反感averse /əˈvɜːs/不愿意的ethic /ˈeθɪk/ 伦理道德ethical /ˈeθɪkl/ 伦理的moral /ˈmɒrəl/ 道德的inhumane /ˌɪnhjuːˈmeɪn/ 残忍的inhumanity /ˌɪnhjuːˈmænəti/不人道；无人性ruthless /ˈruːθləs/ 无情的；残忍的ruthlessness /ˈruːθləsnəs/ 残忍unfeeling 无情的；无怜悯心的cold-blooded 冷血的；无情的brutal /ˈbruːtl/ 残忍的；野蛮的cruel /ˈkruːəl/ 残忍的；残酷的vicious /ˈvɪʃəs/ 恶毒的；恶意的spite 恶意；不顾spiteful 恶毒的；恶意的venomous /ˈvenəməs/ 有毒的；恶毒的lenient /ˈliːniənt/ 宽大的；仁慈的leniency /ˈliːniənsi/ 宽大；仁慈tolerant /ˈtɒlərənt/宽容的charitable /ˈtʃærətəbl/行善的；宽厚的；慷慨的。
雅思总分评分标准表图解
雅思总分评分标准表图解雅思总分评分标准表图解雅思考试评分工作由经过训练的评分人员和考官在考试中心进行。
每隔一年对雅思考官进行测评，以确保评分符合雅思考试评分标准。
在每个考试中心，会进行系统化的监测，并对一定比例的答题纸实施双重阅卷。
雅思评分标准采用国际认可的9分制评分系统，充分包含了听说读写四项能力，准确反映考生的语言水平。
接下来店铺为你带来雅思总分评分标准表图解，希望对你有帮助。
记录在成绩单上的，包括一个总分，及听力、阅读、写作和口语四个单项分，各科都是1-9分的评分制，四个项目独立记分，最后所得成绩取四项成绩的平均值。
总分和四个单项分均允许半分。
九个分数段及其描述如下：雅思听力评分标准雅思听力达到6分需要在总共40题中对23-26题。
附上雅思听力评分标准（A类与G类是一样的）：雅思阅读评分标准雅思阅读考试的评分标准是分为A类和G类两种的。
针对留学和移民的考生，有不同的评分标准。
雅思写作评分标准首先雅思写作考试要求在60分钟内完成两篇作文（Task 1 and Task 2）。
写作中，以移民为主的培训类（General Training）和以留学为主的学术类（Academic）试题类型是不同的。
Task1(20分钟，150字)G类:书信类题目，投诉信，请求信，建议信，邀请信等A类：图表题，曲线图，柱状图等，也有流程图和示意图等Task2(40分钟，250字)A类与G类相同，考生可能需要对某个观点发表支持或反驳意见，或者讨论针锋相对的一组观点，或者解释某种问题出现的原因并提出相应的解决办法。
评分并不是两部分平均，而是以Task2为主由于考题不同，考量标准也会略有不同。
以下是写作评分标准：Task 1Task Fulfillment (完成任务)G类：书信作文应该完成书信的使命，题目里的每一项要求都不可或缺。
A类：图表作文应该在对于图表所给出的数据进行分析的基础上指出图表的总体趋势和走向，并点明与总趋势不相吻合的特殊之处，而且还要有数据的支持Coherence and Cohesion (连贯与衔接)文章通过一定的衔接手段(CohesiveDevices)来表明上下文的连贯性(Coherence)。
雅思听力常见问题-单复数
雅思听力常见问题-单复数（经典版）编制人：__________________审核人：__________________审批人：__________________编制单位：__________________编制时间：____年____月____日序言下载提示：该文档是本店铺精心编制而成的，希望大家下载后，能够帮助大家解决实际问题。
文档下载后可定制修改，请根据实际需要进行调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种类型的经典范文，如工作报告、致辞讲话、条据书信、合同范本、规章制度、应急预案、心得体会、教学资料、作文大全、其他范文等等，想了解不同范文格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by this editor. I hope that after you download it, it can help you solve practical problems. The document can be customized and modified after downloading, please adjust and use it according to actual needs, thank you!Moreover, our store provides various types of classic sample essays, such as work reports, speeches, policy letters, contract templates, rules and regulations, emergency plans, insights, teaching materials, essay encyclopedias, and other sample essays. If you want to learn about different sample formats and writing methods, please pay attention!雅思听力常见问题-单复数在雅思听力考试中，经常会考到单复数的问题，尤其是容易被忽视和混淆的单复数词汇。
2011雅思考试资料大全
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雅思赋分规则(一)
雅思赋分规则(一)IELTS Scoring RulesIntroductionIn the International English Language Testing System (IELTS), test-takers are evaluated on their proficiency in English. The IELTS scoring system is designed to provide an accurate representation of the candidate’s language capabilities. This article aims to provide a brief overviewof the scoring rules and provide examples for better clarification.Scoring BandsIELTS scores are reported as band scores ranging from 0to 9, with 0 being the lowest and 9 being the highest. The scores are categorized into four sections: Listening, Reading, Writing, and Speaking. Each section is then averaged to calculate the overall band score.Listening and Reading SectionsIn the Listening and Reading sections, candidates receive a raw score based on the number of correct answers. This raw score is then converted into a band score using the officialIELTS score conversion table. For example, if a candidate scores 34 out of 40 in the Reading section, their band score could be aroundWriting SectionThe Writing section, unlike the Listening and Reading sections, is assessed by trained IELTS examiners, who evaluate the candidate’s task achievement, coherence and cohesion, lexical resource, and grammatical range and accuracy. The scores for each criterion are then combined to calculate the final band score for the Writing section. For instance, if a candidate demonstrates excellent vocabulary, grammar, and coherence, they might receive a band score of 8 in Writing.Speaking SectionSimilar to the Writing section, the Speaking section is also evaluated by trained examiners. The assessment focuses on the candidate’s fluency and coherence, lexical resource, grammatical range and accuracy, and pronunciation. The scores for each criterion are summed up to determine the band score for the Speaking section. For example, if a candidateexhibits clear pronunciation, effective use of vocabulary, and fluency, they may receive a band score of in Speaking.Overall Band ScoreTo calculate the overall band score, the average of the four section scores is taken. For example, if a candidate receives individual band scores of 7 in Listening, in Reading, in Writing, and 8 in Speaking, their overall band score would be , which is rounded up toConclusionThe IELTS scoring rules provide a standardized method of evaluating a candidate’s English language skills. Theserules ensure fairness and consistency in assessing candidates from around the world. Understanding how the scoring system works enables test-takers to prepare more effectively and set realistic goals for their IELTS exams.。
IELTS Grammar Exercise
IELTS Grammar Exercise 1IELTS Grammar Exercise 1 is a review of verb tense:There are six basic verb tenses in English.Present: I walk.Past: I walked.Future: I will walk.Present Perfect: I have walked.Past Perfect: I had walked.Future Perfect: I will have walked.There are also continuous verbs forms, which are not illustrated in the above examples!Look at the examples of the verb tenses above. Then complete the exercises below by using the grammatically correct form of the verb.(1) She __________ (meet) me at the restaurant at 7:00 tonight.(2) I __________ (try) my best on the exam yesterday.(3) By this time tomorrow, we __________ (finish) this project.(4) My Grandmother always __________ (make) delicious cake.(5) Until his death, Mr. Brown __________ (always work) on a farm.(6) He __________ (purchase) his new car for only ?,000.(7) I __________ (trim) my hair last week.(8) Maryanne __________ (sing) in the choir every Wednesday afternoon.(9) I __________ (never drive) in such heavy traffic before in my life.(10) The businessman __________ (conceal) certain important facts in order to complete the deal.ANSWERS:(1) will meet(2) tried(3) will have finished(4) makes(5) had always worked(6) purchased(7) trimmed(8) sings(9) have never driven(10) concealedIELTS Grammar Exercise 2IELTS Grammar Exercise 2 is a review of irregular verb forms:There are many irregular verb forms in English. An irregular verb is one that does not take -ed to form the simple past tenses. Look at these grammar examples:Regular verb - simple present: I work in a factory.Regular verb - simple past: I worked in a factory when I was younger.Irregular verb - simple present: I eat chocolate quite often.Irregular verb - simple past: I ate chocolate yesterday afternoon.Look at the grammar examples above. Then complete the exercises below by using the grammatically correct form of the verb.(1) The final outcome __________ (bear) no resemblance to the original plan.(2) He __________ (catch) the ball with both hands.(3) She __________ (feed) her cat special food because of its allergies.(4) I __________ (feel) unwell for most of the day yesterday.(5) He __________ (build) a new house after the tornado struck.(6) He __________ (deal) the cards during the poker game.(7) I __________ (mistake) her for her younger sister.(8) He __________ (partake) in illegal activities.(9) The lawyer __________ (plead) for his client to receive a lenient sentence.(10) He __________ (sell) some of his old items on an online auction.ANSWERS:(1) bore(2) caught(3) fed(4) fel(5) built(6) deal(7) mistook(8) partook(9) pled(10) soldIELTS Grammar Exercise 3IELTS Grammar Exercise 3 is a review of irregular verb forms:There are many irregular verb forms in English. An irregular verb is one that does not take -ed to form the simple past tenses. Look at these grammar examples:Regular verb - simple present: I work in a factory.Regular verb - simple past: I worked in a factory when I was younger.Irregular verb - simple present: I eat chocolate quite often.Irregular verb - simple past: I ate chocolate yesterday afternoon.Look at the grammar examples above. Then complete the exercises below by using the grammatically correct form of the verb.(1) They __________ (fight) like cats and dogs because of that problem!(2) He __________ (speed) away in his new sports car.(3) She __________ (hang) the photograph in her living room yesterday.(4) I __________ (pay) 12 euros for that book.(5) He __________ (wind) the old clock carefully.(6) She __________ (sink) lower into despair after losing her job.(7) The baby __________ (shut) his eyes and went to sleep(8) He __________ (thrust) the paper in front of me and asked me to read it.(9) She __________ (sling) the bag over her shoulder carelessly.(10) I __________ (wring) out my swimming costume after I got out of the pool.ANSWERS:(1) fought(2) sped(3) hung(4) paid(5) wound(6) sank(7) shut(8) thrust(9) slung(10) wrungIELTS Grammar Exercise 4IELTS Grammar Exercise 4 is a review of irregular verb forms:There are many irregular verb forms in the English language. An irregular verb is one that does not take -ed to form the simple past tenses. Look at these grammar examples:Regular verb - simple present: I work in a factory.Regular verb - simple past: I worked in a factory when I was younger.Irregular verb - simple present: I eat chocolate quite often.Irregular verb - simple past: I ate chocolate yesterday afternoon.Look at the grammar examples above. Then complete the exercises below by using the grammatically correct form of the verb.(1) She __________ (withstand) the pain of her injury in order to complete the race.(2) The problem with the construction __________ (arise) early last year.(3) He __________ (bleed) profusely as a result of the accident.(4) She just __________ (creep) in. I had no idea she was even coming.(5) He __________ (dive) into the water head first.(6) They __________ (flee) the country during the riots.(7) The mother __________ (kneel) in order to speak to her child face-to-face.(8) He __________ (lend) me 5 euros, but I haven't paid (pay) him back yet.(9) I __________ (misunderstand) the teacher's instructions and failed the exam.(10) He __________ (win) the competition for the best essay.ANSWERS:(1) withstood(2) arose(3) bled(4) crept(5) dove(6) fled(7) knelt(8) lent(9) misunderstood(10) wonIELTS Grammar Exercise 5IELTS Grammar Exercise 5 is a review of transitive and intransitive verbs in the English language:Transitive verbs take an object. Intransitive verbs do not take an object.Transitive verb: He kicked the ball really hard.He = grammatical subject; kicked = transitive verb (past simple); the ball = objectIntransitive verb: I work from 9:00AM to 5:00 PM every day.I = grammatical subject; work = intransive verb (simple present)In addition, sometimes a verb can be transitive in one sentence and intransitive in another sentence.Transitive verb: She sang two songs for the audience.She = grammatical subject; sang = transitive verb (past simple); two songs = objectIntransitive verb: She sings beautifully.She = grammatical subject; sings = intransive verb (simple present)Look at the grammar examples above. Then decide whether each the verb in sentence below is transitive or intransitive.(1) Our class went on a trip to London.(2) He shut the door behind himself on his way out.(3) He sent me a letter on Tuesday last week.(4) She complains constantly about her small flat.(5) The coach blew the whistle to call a time out.(6) She picked the flowers by hand.(7) They took a trip to the Lake District.(8) He eats too much.(9) He ate the cake really quickly.(10) I watched TV for most of the evening.ANSWERS:(1) intransitive(2) transitive(3) transitive(4) intransitive(5) transitive(6) transitive(7) transitive(8) intransitive(9) transitive(10) transitiveIELTS Grammar Exercise 6IELTS Grammar Exercise 6 is a review of singular and plural verb forms in the English language:When writing an essay for the IELTS exam, be sure to identify the grammatical subject of your sentence, especially if the grammatical subject contains prepositional phrases. This will help you to understand whether you need a singular or plural verb.Singular grammatical subject + singular verb: The child in boy scouts knows how to light a fire.child = singular subject; knows = verb; ["scouts" is part of a prepositional phrase]Plural grammatical subject: Many residents of the local community are on good terms with one another.Residents = plural subject; are = verb; ["community" is part of a prepositional phrase]Look at the grammar examples above. Then complete the exercises below by using the grammatically correct form of the verb.(1) Most of my classmates __________ (agree / agrees) with me.(2) Ten euros __________ (is / are) the price.(3) Ten miles __________ (seem / seems) a long distance to jog.(4) Two cups in the cupboard __________ (is / are) broken.(5) Many people in the public eye __________ (has / have) concerns about their privacy.(6) My sister or my brother usually __________ (help / helps) my mother.(7) The price __________ (is / are) ten euros.(8) Two-thirds of the children in the class __________ (has / have) the flu.(9) Several workers in the group __________ (need / needs) a higher wage.(10) Neither the apples nor the bananas __________ (is / are) fit to eat.ANSWERS:(1) agree(2) is(3) seems(4) are(5) have(6) helps(7) is(8) have(9) need(10) areIELTS Grammar Exercise 7IELTS Grammar Exercise 7 is a review of conditional sentence structures in the English language:In spoken English, the phrase "if I were you" is used to give advice.Example: If I were you, I would try to finish the assignment on time.The phrase "in your shoes" can be used instead of "you" in conversational English.The phrases "in your position" and "in your situation" can also be used instead of "you" and are more formal than "in your shoes".Examples:If I were in your shoes, I would try to finish the assignment on time.If I were in your position, I would try to finish the assignment on time.If I were in your situation, I would try to finish the assignment on time.This type of advice can be made more formal by putting the word "were" first in the sentence. This sentence structure is known as the subjunctive.Look at these examples of grammatically correct conditional sentences:Were I you, I would try to finish the assignment on time.Were I in your position, I would try to finish the assignment on time.Were I in your situation, I would try to finish the assignment on time.Look at the grammar examples above. Then complete the exercises below by making grammatically correct sentences out of the jumbled words.(1) were / I / supervisor / you / I / tell / my / would(2) I / wouldn't / hard / so / I / in / position / your / work(3) shoes / in / I / speak / her / were / would / in / I / to(4) I / more / you / exercise / get / I / would(5) I / crazy / would / in / go / situation / your / were / IIELTS Grammar Exercise 7ANSWERS:(1) If I were you, I would tell my supervisor.(2) Were I in your position, I wouldn't work so hard.(3) If I were in your shoes, I would speak to her.(4) Were I you, I would get more exercise.(5) If I were in your situation, I would go crazy.IELTS Grammar Exercise 8IELTS Grammar Exercise 8 is a review of subjunctive verb forms:The phrases "it's high time", "it's time" and "it's about time" can be used to give advice in conversational English.Example: It's time you told your tutor that you are having problems.Notice that the verb tell is in the simple past tense (told). This is the subjunctive verb form.Look at the grammar example above. Then complete the exercises below by placing the grammatically correct verb from the list in each gap.Remember: You will need to change verb tense.start / eat / finish / stop / pay / speak / realise/ get / go / be(1) It's high time we __________ home.(2) It's about time you __________ to study harder.(3) It's time you __________ to your parents about the problem.(4) It's about time you __________ staying out so late.(5) It's time you __________ your assignmment.(6) It's high time you __________ more exercise.(7) It's about time we __________ more sensibly.(8) It's high time you __________ more polite.(9) It's time you __________ a visit to your friend.(10) It's about time we __________ we can't finish the project on time. ANSWERS:(1) went(2) started(3) spoke(4) stopped(5) finished(6) got(7) ate(8) were(9) paid(10) realisedIELTS Grammar Exercise 9IELTS Grammar Exercise 9 is a review of passive verb forms:You should write some sentences in your IELTS writing test in the simple past active form and other sentences in the simple past passive form. This will create a good variety of sentence structures in your IELTS essay.Examples:Active: First, the teacher gave the students a card showing a role-play scenario.Passive: First, the students were given a card showing a role-play scenario by the teacher.Look at the grammar examples above. Then complete the passive sentences in the grammar exercises below.1 (Active): Then the teacher explained the cultural problems related to this scenario.1 (Passive): Then the cultural problems related to this scenario . . .2 (Active): During the question and answer session, the teacher allowed the students to take notes.2 (Passive): During the question and answer session, students . . .3 (Active): When the students had finished reviewing their notes, the teacher placed them in pairs to perform the role-play.3 (Passive): When the students had finished reviewing their notes, they . . .4 (Active): At this time, the teacher observed their interactions.4 (Passive): At this time, their interactions . . .5 (Active): Finally, the teacher indirectly corrected the student's errors.5 (Passive): Finally, the student's errors . . .IELTS Grammar Exercise 9ANSWERS:1 (Passive): Then the cultural problems related to this scenario were explained by the teacher.2 (Passive): During the question and answer session, students were allowed to take notes by the teacher.3 (Passive): When the students had finished reviewing their notes, they were placed in pairs by the teacher to perform the role-play.4 (Passive): At this time, their interactions were observed by the teacher.5 (Passive): Finally, the student's errors were indirectly corrected by the teacher.IELTS Grammar Exercise 10IELTS Grammar Exercise 10 is a review of demonstrative pronouns:Demonstrative pronouns include the following:Those (used as subject - plural)Them (used as object - plural)This (used as subject - present situation)That (used as subject - past or distant situation)Look at the grammar examples above. Then place the correct demonstrative pronoun in the gaps in the sentences below.(1) __________ apples look really delicious.(2) I gave my presents to __________ during my summer holiday.(3) __________ outcome wasn't what she expected.(4) __________ report has been copied from the Internet.(5) __________ trip certainly has been an adventure.(6) __________ was a disaster which could have been avoided.(7) Homeless people need compassion. We should care for __________ in our community.(8) __________ people need our help.(9) __________ shoes look too old now.(10) __________ coat is my favourite at the moment. ANSWERS:(1) Those(2) them(3) That(4) This(5) This(6) That(7) them(8) Those(9) Those(10) This。
雅思写作评分标准-中英对照
雅思写作评分标准-中英对照The XXX based on a set of criteria。
For the Task 1 Writing n。
there are two main categories: XXX.X of 9 in this category means that the candidate has XXX of the task。
They have developed their response XXX。
XXX's n。
They have also used a wide range of vocabulary and structureswith full XXX。
Any errors made are rare and only XXX.A score of 8 in this category means that the XXX have presented。
highlighted。
and XXX。
They have also managed alln and XXX。
fluently。
XXX are error-free。
and they make only very nal errors.Grammatical Range and Accuracy: A score of 9 in this category means that the XXX grammar。
using structures with full XXX.A score of 8 in this category means that the XXX vocabulary and structures。
presenting them well with n。
They have a good command of grammar。
and any errors made are only XXX.Overall。
雅思英语语法练习题
雅思英语语法练习题一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The concert was so exciting that I couldn’t help _______.A. to singB. singingC. singD. sang2. She is _______ to be the best student in her class.A. likelyB. probableC. possiblyD. probably3. The teacher asked the students _______ the homework on time.A. to hand inB. hand inC. handing inD. handed in4. He _______ the book for two weeks.A. has borrowedB. has keptC. has lentD. has had5. I _______ my keys in the office. I must go back and getthem.A. forgotB. leftC. lostD. missed6. _______ the weather is fine, we will go for a picnic.A. ProvidedB. ProvidingC. To provideD. Having provided7. I _______ you about my decision if I had known you were coming.A. would tellB. would have toldC. had toldD. have told8. The company has _______ a new policy regarding employee benefits.A. implementedB. implementedlyC. implementD. implementating9. _______ the problem, the committee decided to hold an emergency meeting.A. FacingB. Faced withC. To faceD. Having faced10. The children were _______ when they heard the news.A. excitedB. excitingC. more excitedD. the most excited二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the word given in brackets.11. The _______ (discover) of penicillin by Alexander Fleming was a major breakthrough in medicine.12. She is very _______ (patient) about her work and always takes her time to do things well.13. The _______ (amaze) expression on his face showed that he had never seen anything like it before.14. The _______ (arrive) of the guests was delayed due to the heavy rain.15. He has a _______ (natural) talent for music and can play any instrument he touches.16. The _______ (science) community is divided over the issue of climate change.17. The _______ (excite) news of the team's victory quickly spread throughout the town.18. The _______ (honest) of the statement is questionable, as there are some inconsistencies.19. The _______ (brave) of the soldiers was commendable in the face of such adversity.20. The _______ (origin) of the language is still a subject of debate among linguists.三、改错题（每题2分，共20分）For the following sentences, identify and correct the grammatical errors.21. If I would have known about the meeting, I would have attended it.22. The children are playing in the garden and they looks very happy.23. She has been studying English for three years and she is very proficient now.24. There is a lot of informations in this book that can help you with your research.25. I used to play football but I don’t anymore because I have been busy.26. The company was founded in 1990 and it has grown significantly ever since.27. He is one of the most talented musician that I have ever met.28. She is too tired to go out tonight, so she will stay at home instead.29. The weather forecast predicts heavy rain, so we should bring an umbrellas.30. I have been living in this city for five years and I love it very much.四、翻译题（每题5分，共20分）Translate the following sentences into English.31. 这个项目的成功在很大程度上取决于团队的合作。
雅思听力评分标准表
雅思听力评分标准表雅思（IELTS）是国际英语语言测试系统的简称，是全球范围内最受欢迎的英语语言水平测试之一。
雅思听力部分是四个部分之一，也是考生们普遍认为最具挑战性的一个部分。
在雅思听力考试中，评分标准是非常重要的，它直接决定了考生的最终得分。
下面将详细介绍雅思听力评分标准表，希望对考生们有所帮助。
总体评分标准：雅思听力考试的总分为40分，根据考生在四个部分的表现进行评分。
评分标准主要包括以下几个方面：1. 理解能力（Comprehension），考生是否能够准确理解听力材料中的信息，包括主旨、细节、推断等方面。
2. 词汇和语法（Vocabulary and Grammar），考生是否能够准确理解听力材料中的词汇和语法结构，以及是否能够准确使用这些词汇和语法结构。
3. 听力技巧（Listening Skills），考生是否能够运用一定的听力技巧，如预测、推断、捕捉关键词等，帮助自己更好地理解听力材料。
4. 听力表达（Listening Expression），考生是否能够准确表达自己对听力材料的理解，包括口头表达和书面表达。
具体评分标准：1. 得分范围（Score Range），雅思听力考试的得分范围为0-9分，分数越高代表考生的听力水平越高。
2. 理解能力（Comprehension），在这一方面，考生的得分主要取决于他们对听力材料的理解程度。
如果考生能够准确把握听力材料的主旨和关键信息，他们就有可能得到较高的分数。
3. 词汇和语法（Vocabulary and Grammar），在这一方面，考生的得分主要取决于他们对听力材料中的词汇和语法结构的准确理解和使用程度。
如果考生能够准确使用听力材料中的词汇和语法结构，他们就有可能得到较高的分数。
4. 听力技巧（Listening Skills），在这一方面，考生的得分主要取决于他们是否能够灵活运用各种听力技巧，帮助自己更好地理解听力材料。
如果考生能够有效地运用听力技巧，他们就有可能得到较高的分数。
雅思评分标准
听力雅思口语自从08年引入半分制以来，至今并无变化。
下面我们来说一下雅思口语评分标准。
考试评分标准比较复杂，分为四个部分分别算分，之后求平均成绩得到最终分数。
雅思口语评分的四个部分分别为：F，fluency，即口语流利度;V，vocabulary，即词汇，考查用词的准确及丰富程度;之后，G，grammar，即语法，考查英语语法的运用及准确性;最后，P，pronunciation，即发音。
这四项分别计分，之后算总分平均，得出雅思口语最终的分数。
下面举例详细说明。
如果你考口语时，f得6分，v得6分，g得5分，p得6分，总分23，那么恭喜你，你口语成绩为6分。
如果你考口语时，f得5分，v得6分，g得5分，p得6分，总分22，那么很遗憾，你口语成绩只有5分。
如果你考口语时，f得7分，v得6分，g得4分，p得6分，总分23，那么恭喜你，你口语成绩为6分。
由此可见，只有四项总分至少为23分，那么你才可以得6分的口语成绩，否则，22分也才得5分的成绩。
可能会有人有疑问，22/4=5.5，四舍五入，应该6分的啊，但是，人家考口语，就是要你的尾数大于0.5分才给你加上去的，即23/4=5.75，才有6分。
而22分的，就是5分。
口语雅思听力A类与G类的题是一样的，评分标准也是相同的。
下面我们来看一下2010雅思听力评分标准。
IELTS听力评分标准(A类与G类)Number of correct Listening answers IELTS band score39-40 9.037-38 8.535-36 8.033-34 7.530-32 7.027-29 6.523-26 6.020-22 5.516-19 5.013-15 4.510-12 4.06-9 3.54-5 3.03 2.52 2.01 1.0absent 0.0阅读雅思阅读评分标准有A类G类之分，A类和G类的具体评分是有区别的，由于G类题目较简单，所以取得高分相应的需要多对2-3题。
IELTS- grammar
IELTS Grammarrise or raise?These two words are often confused by students. Here is the main difference:something rises (e.g. the price rose)somebody raises something (e.g. the company raised the price)"Rise" (rose, risen) can be a verb or a noun. Use it for IELTS Writing Task 1:The price of cigarettes rises every year. (verb, present)In 2008, the number of customers rose from 100 to 200. (verb, past)There has been a dramatic rise in Internet usage in the UK. (noun)In 2008, the UK saw a rise in the divorce rate. (noun)"Raise" (raised) is almost always a verb. It's useful for IELTS Writing Task 2:The Government raises the price of cigarettes every year.Charities work to raise the standard of living in developing countries.Posted by Simon in Mistakes/Grammar | Permalink | Comments (2)before or ago?Don't say: I came to Manchester before two weeks.Do say: I came to Manchester two weeks ago.Use "past time + ago"10 years ago, a long time ago, a few weeks ago, a couple of days agoUse "before + action / event"before you left, before we start, before lunchDon't use "before + past time" (before two weeks, before three days)affect or effect?Almost every week I see mistakes in the use of "affect" and "effect". These are common and important words, especially in the IELTS writing test, so you need to get them right."Affect" is a verb. Don't write "affect on".Smoking affects your health. (smoking affects on your health)The Internet is affecting our way of life.Children are affected by what they see on television."Effect" is a noun. Do write "have an effect on".Smoking has a harmful effect on your health.The Internet is having a significant effect on our way of life.Television can have a negative effect on children.If you use these words correctly, the examiner will be impressed.uncountable nounsStudents often make mistakes with uncountable nouns. These are nouns that you can't count. Most importantly, they don't have a plural form.For example, you can't say "an information, two informations, many informations". You can say "some information, more information, a lot of information, a piece of information".Here are a few more uncountable nouns:give advice, some advice, a piece of advice (an advice, advices)do research, carry out research, research shows (a research, researches)gain knowledge, share knowledge, increase knowledge (knowledges)correct the mistakesCan you spot the grammar and spelling mistakes problems in the following sentences?1. The first table shows us the rate of marriage and devorce between 1970 - 2000.2. While the devorce rate incrased from 1 million to 1.5 million during the same period.3. As from 1990 to 2000 marrige rate has dicreased relatively from 2.5 to 2 million.4. As shown in table 1 that the total number of marriages were high in 1970.5. Finally few people got devorced in 1970 than 2000.some typical mistakesFind 5 common mistakes in the paragraph below:Some people believe that, all police officers should carry a gun. While, others disagree with this idea, and argue that it is intimidating to see armed police officers on the streets. From my view, the advantages of police officers carrying guns have overweighed the disadvantages. Because the police need to be able to protect both themselves and the general public.nouns and verbsSometimes the noun form and the verb form of a word are the same. For example, the word “increase” can be a noun or a verb.The problem is that nouns and verbs are used differently. You should learn to use both forms correctly. Here are some examples:IncreaseThere was an increase in the unemployment rate. (noun)The unemployment rate increased. (verb)LackThere is a lack of investment in hospitals. (noun)Many hospitals lack the investment they need. (verb)PayCompanies should give men and women equal pay. (noun)Companies should pay men and women equally. (verb)correct the mistakesFind the mistakes in the following sentences:Parents influence on their children and give them many advices.Students need to develop their knowledges and skills.We can use the Internet to do some researches.If we want to find some informations fastly, the Internet is the best resource.find the mistakesFind the mistakes in the following sentences. All of the sentences relate to the graph in this lesson.1. Most of the families have one car with 45 percentage.2. Families who do not have cars have decreased from 1971 to 2007.3. Households without a car percentage gradually decreased.4. There is a rise can be noted in the proportion of households with two cars.5. The number of household with no car were well below 50% in 1971.6. There were least percentage of household who had three or more cars, but it steadily improved to 5% by 2007.error-free sentencesIf you want to get a band 7 in IELTS Writing, you need to reduce the number of mistakes that you make.Examiners want to see that you "regularly write error-free sentences". This means that some (maybe half) of the sentences in your essays should contain no mistakes.Do you check your written homeworks carefully enough? If you can't write error-free sentences at home, you certainly won't be able to do it in an exam.word familiesIf you want to improve your vocabulary knowledge, it's a good idea to study 'word families'.Let's look at the adjective "different":We usually say "different from" e.g. A is different from B.The noun is "difference" e.g. There is a difference between A and B.The verb is "differ" e.g. A differs from B (or A and B differ).When I asked my students, most of them didn't know the verb "differ". Did you know it? Have you ever used it?find the mistakesCan you find the mistakes in the following sentences? The corrections can be found somewhere in this week's lessons.1. The pollution and waste that we produce also affect on animals.2. Many animals are in danger extinction.3. Traffic congestion in nearly all over the world is on the increase.4. Most of people who live in cities are suffering from traffic.5. Schools can make a big part in educating children about this issue.6. One of the main reasons which causes the pollution is cars.7. People should use public transportations.8. Future generations will do a better job for protect wildlife.comparisonsYou can use "compared to", "compared with" and "in comparison with" in the same way. For example: Prices in the UK are high compared to / with / in comparison with Canada and Australia.Compared to / with / in comparison with Canada and Australia, prices in the UK are high.When writing about numbers or changes, I find it easier to use "while" or "whereas":There are 5 million smokers in the UK, while / whereas only 2 million Canadians and 1 million Australians smoke.Between 1990 and 2000, the number of smokers in the UK decreased dramatically, while / whereas the figures for Canada and Australia remained the same.(figures for smokers are invented)Please note:We don't say "comparing to". (上例中，price是被比较的。
雅思写作评分标准-中英对照
covers therequirements of the task
(Academic) presents a clear overviewofthemain trends, differences,or stages
(General Training) presents a clearpurpose, with the tone consistent andappropriate
(General Training) presents a purposethat is generally clear; there may beinconsistencies in tone
presents and adequately highlights keyfeatures / bullet points,but details maybe irrelevant,inappropriate,orinaccurate
arranges information andideas coherently,thereis a clear overallprogression
uses cohesive deviceseffectively, but cohesionwithin and/or betweensentences may be faulty ormechanical
clearly presents and highlights keyfeatures / bullet points but could bemore fully extended
logicallyorganizesinformation and ideas; thereisaclear progressionthroughout
雅思语法-主语从句
Whether mobile phones bring more harm than good to us has caused/aroused/sparked heated/fierce/hot debate/issue/discussion/argument/topic. • 燃油价格的提高能否解决环境污染的问题是一个有争议的话题。 Whether the increase of fuel price can solve the world’s environmental problem is a controversial issue. • 大学是否应该提供给学生实践的技能还是学术知识是一个有争议的话题。 Whether universities should provide students with practical skills or academic knowledge is a controversial issue. • 体育明星是否应该赚取高额工资仍被热烈讨论。 Whether sports stars should earn a high salary is still discussed heatedly.
It is + 过去分词 + 从句：It is said that… It is reported that… It has been proved that… It is estimated that…
雅思大作文写作-课件
20 min 40 min
150字 以上
250字 以上
图表作文 议论文或报告
Task 2 议论文两种形式 Argumentation 80% 1. 题目给出一方观点（反方观点隐含），问 Do you agree or disagree? To what extent do you agree or disagree? 例：In order to learn a language well, we should learn
Task 2 中报告 Report ，出现概率为20%
题目中没有观点，只给出一种现象，让考生分析该现 象的causes, solutions, effects . 通常题目的标志词为
What are……？
例子：Today, there are more images of disasters and violence in the media. What are the causes and what are your solutions?
about the country as well as the cultures and lifestyles of the people who speak it. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
2. 题目中给出双方观点，要求分析正反方观点后做出结论 Some say ……Others argue that ……What is your opinion? Discuss both views and give your opinion. Express some reasons for both views and give your opinion.
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energy soon.
Your date here Your footer here
4、there are three incorrect verbs.Find and correct them
The sun heats the ground.
This is warming the air
nearby and then the warm air rises into the sky.As the air is rising,it becomes cooler and water vapour inside. it change into droplets of water.These join together to form a cloud.
8、The college_____(run)the same the course every year.
9、Numbers of wild butterflies___(fall) as result of changes in farming methods. 12
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4、Animals____(breath in)oxygen and ____(give out) carbon dioxide.
5、Be quiet！I ____(want)hear the news. 6、In my country we_____(drive)on the right-hand side of the road. 7、My friends joe's parents _____(travel) round the world this summer,and probably won't be back for a couple of months.
+ _ ?
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am/is/are+verb+_ing am/is/are+not++verb+_ing?
8
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IELTS GRAMMA
present simple&present continuous
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prensent simple
• 3、To give instructions and directions · you go down the traffic lights ，then you turn left · To start the programme，first you click on the icon on the desktop. 4、To tell the stories and talk about the films、books and plays · In the film，the tea lady falls in love with Prime Minister.
IELTS grammar PRESENT SIMPLE
prensent simple
• We use the present simple: 1. to talk about ragular habits or repeated actions · I get up really early and practise for an hour or so most days · I use the Internet just about every
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a.beacause her favourite star is on b.when she has time a.at 1 o'clock every day b.early today as I have an a.at the same time every week b.today for a friend who is ill a.to your sister when she behaves badly b.to your sister?Leave her alone! a.at weekends b.because we're having party at a.to get the concert ready for next week b.but they get long holidays a.now that it has a new Chief Executive b.when there is greater demand for its products . 10
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GO FOR IT BY YOURSELF
grammar exercise
2、Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the verbs in brackets
1、I'm busy right now.I'm_______(fill in)an application for a new job. 2、My tutor______(see)me for a tutrial every monday at 2 o'clock 3、John ____(not study) hard at the moment.I ____(not think)he'll pass this exams.
grammar exercise
1、 choose the best ending to senternces 1-8
1、Fiona is watching television 2、I am having my lunch appointment 3、I do the shopping 4、what are you doing 5、I wear casual clothes lunchtime 6、teachers work hard 7、The company's financal situation is improving
knowledge is powerful although most students agree that the most twenty years,Most experts____8____that powerful is action.
we need to
find a new source of
transport.For the first two，we__2__options such
catch up 与 go up（小作文）两条数 据，一条数据变化趋势明显最快，另 as solar and wind power,or 外一条数据比第一数据趋势低，但是 快赶上并且上升速度一样很快.
natural gas.But oil is still the world's number one source of energy,and for transport,at least,there is currently no
agree和think的用法区别： think，所以要跟对 past agree but 的力度大于 the worldwide rise in 主人.
demand___6__concern amongst experts.
Some experts ___7____ that e.g:some students think that oil supplies will start to fall within the next
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• Master text styles
– Second level
• Third level
– Fourth level » Fifth level
16
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Use the bubbles the way you want!
3、Fill in the gaps with the verbs in the box in the correct present tense
agree
catch up
cause
have
go up
think
use
we__1__energy for three main things:electricity production、heating and
e.g:The cost of living in karamy is going up year by year and the alternative,In china ,domestic similar regions is catching up fast.
energy consumption___3__year by year and demand in similar regions__4__fast, we___5_how to energy more efficiently now than in the
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prensent continuous
• 2、To talk about trends or changing situations • The Internet is making it easier for people to stay in touch with each other. The price of petrol is rising dramatically.