情态动词用法总结

Eg: 1) It’s 7 o’clock, he should be at home.
2) They should have ararived by now.
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3. ought to/should have done 本应该干某事可事实未干 oughtn’t to/shouldn’t have done本不该干某事可事实
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情态动词的语法特征
1）情态动词表说话人的某种感情或语气，对 某一动作或状态的某种态度。
2) 情态动词不能单独做谓语, 后面只能接动词
原形，ought to和have to除外，。
3) 情态动词没有人称, 数的变化, 但有些情态 动词, 如can、will、have to、may等有过去式。
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2) They said that they would help us.
3) No matter what I said, he won’t listen to me.
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3.表示习惯性动作。 译作 “总是、惯于”， will 指现在 常常，would 指过去常常。
Eg: 1)This man is strange. He will sit for hours without saying anything.
tomorrow afternoon. ---- They __B___ be ready by 12:00
A. can B. should
C. might D. need
c 3. We ______ last night, but we went to the concert instead.
A. must have studied B. might study
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1. Michael __B__ be a policeman, for he’s much too short.
A. needn’t B. can’t C. should D. may
2. Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How __A__ it be
4. Should可以用来表示说话人的惊奇等情感，意为 “竟然，居然”
Eg: 1) It’s surprising that Mary should love such a person.
2) It’s unbelievable that the boy should sing such a
beautiful song.
2) Mary will keep asking some silly questions. 3) Every evening, she would sit by window,
deep in thought. 4) We would sit around Grandpa after supper, listening to his stories.
Eg: I should help her because she is in trouble. You ought to take care of the baby. Should I open the window? What should we do next?
2. 两者都可表示推测，表示很大的可能性。意为 “可 能、按理该…”
A. couldn’t have attended B. needn’t have attended
C. mustn’t have attended D. shouldn’t have attended
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5. There’s someone outside. Who __A__it be?
A. can B. need
1. can 与could
1.表能力,意为“能，能够”，can指现在，could指过去。
1) Some of us can use the computer now, but we couldn’t last year.
2. 表示推测，意为“可能”“或许”，用于疑问句或 否定句，can’t和couldn’t意为“不可能”。
7) Susan can’t have written a report like this. 8) She can’t have gone to school, it is Sunday .
6. can/could have done表对过去的推测，意为“过去可
能做了某事”。 could have done还可以表示对过去能做
C. ought to have studied D. would study
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5. shall
1. Shall用于第一、三人称的疑问句中，表示说话人征 求对方的意见或请求。
Eg: 1) Shall we begin our discussion? 2) Shall I change the clothes for the child? 3) Shall Tom go there with me tomorrow? 4) Henry is waiting outside. Shall he come in?
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1.You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman __B___
be so rude to a lady.
A. can B. should
C. may D. must
2. ---- When can I come for the photos? I need them
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5) Could you lend me a hand?
4. can 用于疑问句或否定句中时，表惊异、 不相信等，意思是“可能、能够”。
6) How can you believe such a liar like him?
5. can’t/ couldn’t have done 表示对过去情况的否定推 测,意为“过去不可能做过某事”
Eg: 1)--- May I watch TV after supper? --- Yes, you may. / No, you mustn’t. 2) Today is Sunday. She may not in her office now.
2. 表示可能性。 意为“或许，可能” might 比 may 可能性小。
A. could have stayed
B. could stay
C. would stay
D. must have stayed
4. My sister met him at the Grand Theater yesterday
afternoon, so he __A__ your lecture.
而未做的事情感到惋惜，意为“本能够做某事可事实上
未9）做It”’s a pity. Your class could have got the first prize.
10）Where can Mary have goane?
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can/be able to
can表示“能够”时与短语be able to同义， 但can只用于一般现在时或过去时，而后 者可用于各种时态。另外，can表示个人 有某种能力，而be able to表示某人通过努 力、克服困难做成某事，相当于succeed in doing sth.；
corner after work every day.
A. would B. should C. had better D. might
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4. should与ought to
1. ought to比should语气更重。两者都用于表劝告、建议。 意为”应该、应当”。但在疑问句中常用should。ought to的否定式为oughtn’t to或ought not to。
Eg: 1) The girl might be sleeping this time of day.
2) They may be in the library now.
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3.may/might have done 表示对过去发生过的事情的推测， 意为“可能已经做过某事”
Eg: I can’t find my sunglasses. I may/might have left them in your office.
Eg: 1)Will you lend me your book? 2) Would you like a cup of tea?
2. 用于表示意志或意愿，意为“会，愿意” 。will 指 现在，而 would 指 过去。用于否定句中，表示“不 会、不肯、不乐意”。
Eg: 1) I won’t do that again.
4. may/ might as well + 动词原形 “…还是…的好” “不妨干某事”
Eg: You may as well go and have a look.
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1.Sorry I'm late. I __A___ have turned off
the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.
C. may D. must
6. ----Is Jack on duty today?
----It _C___ be him. It’s his turn tomorrow.
A. mustn’t B. won’t
C. can’t D. needn’t
7. It is usually warm in my hometown, but it _A___be rather
却干了
Eg: You should have invited me to the party yesterday. You are right. I Should have thought of that. You shouldn’t have eaten all the cakes in one day.
A. might
B. should
C. can
D. will
2.Peter __B___ come with us tonight,
but he isn’t very sure yet.
A. must
B. may
C. can
Dபைடு நூலகம் will
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3. will 与would
1. 用于第二人称的疑问句中，表“请求、建议”等，用 would 比用will 委婉，客气些
C. was able to D. could
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2. may 与might
1. 表示“许可”或“请求”，有“可以”的意思，口语中 常用 might 代 may ,表示委婉语气。 否定回答时用“must not”表“禁止，阻止”， 不用 “may not”. “may not” 表示“可能不” 。
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1. If you __B__ wait here for another 5 minutes, our manager
will come back.
A. should B. will
C. need D. must
2. When he was there, he__A____ go to that coffee shop at the
2) Can she be in the computer center? 3) I though what he said could not be true.
3. 表示“请求” “允许”(表请求时，口语中常用 could 代替 can 使语气更委婉，回答时用can)
4) Can/Could I use your dictionary?
that he was late for the opening ceremony?
A. can B. should
C. may D. must
3. ---- I stayed at a hotel while in New York.
---- Oh, did you? You __A__ with Barbara.
cold sometimes.
A. can B. need
C. dare D. must
8. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly, but everyone ___C____ get away.
A. were able to B. would