演讲技巧

Organizing the Presentation
1. Introduction Get the audience involved. Capture attention by opening with a promise, story, startling fact, question, quotation, relevant problem, or visual aid. Opening should introduce the topic, identify the purpose, and preview the main points of the presentation. Establish your credibility by identifying your position, expertise, knowledge, or qualifications.
Using PowerPoint Effectively
Keep the lights as bright as possible. Don't rely totally on PowerPoint. Prepare for the worst; have transparencies or alternate media ready. Don't let your slides upstage you!
Previewing, summarizing, switching directions
Send positive nonverbal messages.
Look terrific, animate your body, punctuate your words, move about, vary your expression
Preparing an Oral Presentation
Nine Techniques for Gaining and Keeping Audience Attention
1. A promise
By the end of this presentation, you will be able to . . . .
Improving Oral Presentations
1
The most important thing in a Oral Presentation is….?
Audience You Content Topic Time Visual Aids
2
Preparing an Oral Presentation
Planning the Presentation Organizing the Presentation Developing Visual Aids Practicing the Presentation Delivering the Presentation
Planning the Presentation
Have extra material ready.
Be prepared with more information and visuals if needed.
Organizing the Presentation
3. Organize the conclusion. Finish on a strong, upbeat note, leaving your audience with a clear and simple message. Review/Summarize your main points. Provide a final focus. Tell your listeners how they can use this information, why you have spoken, or what you want them to do. Plan a graceful exit. Questions/discussions should be handled by all team members.
Building Audience Rapport
Use effective imagery.
Analogies, metaphors, similes, anecdotes, statistics, worst-and best-case scenarios
Include verbal signposts.
Preparing an Oral Presentation
Nine Techniques for Gaining and Keeping Audience Attention
4. Movement
Leave the lectern area. Move toward the audience.
5. Questions
Ask for a show of hands. Use rhetorical questions.
6. Demonstrations
Include a member of the audience.
Preparing an Oral Presentation
Nine Techniques for Gaining and Keeping Audience Attention
2. DramaFra Baidu bibliotek
Tell a moving story; describe a serious problem.
3. Eye contact
Command attention at the beginning by making eye contact with as many people as possible.
Designing and Using Graphics
Select the medium. Consider the size of the audience and the degree of formality desired. Consider cost, ease of preparation, and potential effectiveness. Highlight the main ideas. Focus on major concepts only. Avoid overkill. Showing too many graphics reduces effectiveness. Keep all visuals simple.
Designing and Using Graphics
Practice using your visual aids.
Rehearse your talk, perfecting the handling of your visual aids. Practice talking to the audience and not to the visual.
Designing and Using Graphics
Ensure visibility. Use large type for transparencies and slides. Position the screen high enough to be seen. Be sure all audience members can see. Enhance comprehension. Give the audience a moment to study a visual before discussing it. Paraphrase its verbal message; don't read it.
Overcoming Stage Fright
Overcoming Stage Fright
Symptoms of Stage Fright
Stomach butterflies Pounding heart Shortage of breath Sweaty palms Dry throat Unsteady voice Trembling hands Wobbly knees Tied tongue
Presentation Enhancers
Multimedia Slides Overhead Transparencies Handouts Flipchart Write-and-wipe Board Video
Using PowerPoint Effectively
Use slides only to summarize major points. Explain what each point means. Allow time for audience to absorb meaning.
Organizing the Presentation
2. The Body of the Presentation. Organize the body logically, according to the topic and audience needs. Develop four to five main points. Streamline your topic and summarize its principal parts. Arrange the points logically: chronologically, from most important to least important, by comparison and contrast, or by some other strategy.
7. Samples/gimmicks
Award prizes to volunteer participants; pass out samples.
8. Visuals
Use a variety of visuals.
9. Self-interest
Audience wants to know "What's in it for me?"
1. Identify your purpose: reporting, explaining, persuading, motivating etc. Decide what you want your audience to believe, remember, or do when you finish. Aim all parts of your talk toward your purpose. 2. Analyze the audience: identify demographic factors, their level of knowledge about your topic and psychological needs. 3. Timing 4. Delivery Method: Memorizing, Reading, Speaking from the notes
Organizing the Presentation
Organize the body.
Prepare transitions.
Use "bridge" statements between major parts (I've just discussed three reasons for X; now I want to move to Y). Use verbal signposts (however, for example, etc.).
Overcoming Stage Fright
Ways to Overcome Stage Fright
Select a familiar, relevant topic. Prepare 150 percent. Use positive self-talk. Convert your fear into anticipation and enthusiasm and positive eneegy. Shift the focus from yourself to your visuals. Focus on familiar faces.