英语基本句型大全

英语基本句型大全

英语的基本句型主要有五种，它们是：

1、主语——动词——表语

2、主语——动词

3、主语——动词——宾语

4、主语——动词——宾语——宾语

5、主语——动词——宾语——补语

掌握好这些基本句型，就可以为灵活运用语言打下良好的基础。下面分别讲解这五种句型。

一、主语——动词——表语

在这一句型中，动词是系动词，划线部分为表语。

is an engineer.(名词做表语)

he became silent.(形容词做表语)

remained standing for a hour.(现在分词做表语)

question remained unsolved.(过去分词做表语)

machine is out of order.(介词短语做表语)

television was on.(副词做表语)

plan is to keep the affair secret.(动词不定式做表语)

job is repairing cars.(动名词做表语)

question is what you want to do.(从句做表语，即：表语从句)

注意：在下面的句子中，形容词做表语，在表语的后面常常接不定式结构。

I'm happy to meet you.

They are willing to help.

We are determined to follow his example.

二、主语——动词

在这一句型中，动词为不及物动词及不及物的动词词组。在有的句子中，不及物动词可以有状语修饰。

sun is rising.

'll try.

you sleep well(well做状语，修饰不及物动词sleep)

engine broke down.

注意：在此句型中，有少数不及物动词表达被动含义，表达主语本身所具有的特性，不用被动语态。

book sells wel.

window won't shut.

pen writes smoothly.

cuts easily. （接下页）

三、主语——动词——宾语

在此句型中，动词为及物动词，划线部分为宾语。

you know these people(them)(名词或代词做宾语)

can't express myself in English.(反身代词做宾语)

smiled a strange smile.(同源宾语)

can't afford to pay such a price.(不定式做宾语)

you mind waiting a few minutes(动名词做宾语)

hope that I have said nothing to pain you.(从句做宾语，即：宾语从句)注意：并不是所有的及物动词都可以接上述各种情况做宾语，不同的动词有不同的用法，所以，在学习动词时，一定要掌握其用法。

四、主语——动词——宾语——宾语

在此句型中，动词可以称作双宾语动词，在英语中，这样的动词并不多，在学习遇时，要牢记。后面的宾语为间接宾语和直接宾语，其中间接宾语在前，一般表人，直接宾语在后，一般表物。这类句型有三种情况。

第一种情况，间接宾语可以改为to引导的短语。

handed me a letter.

He handed a letter to me.

gave me her telephone number.

She gave her telephone number to me.

第二种情况，间接宾语可以改为for引导的短语。

sang us a folk song.

She sang a folk for us.

cooked us a delicious meal.

She cooked a delicious meal for us.

第三种情况，直接宾语可以由宾语从句充当。

him I'm out.

you inform me where Miss Green lives

五、主语——动词——宾语——宾语补足语

在此句型中的动词，叫做可以跟复合宾语的动词，在英语中，这样的动词也不多。后面的宾语补足语是说明宾语的情况的，宾语和宾语补足语一起被称做复合宾语。这个句式是英语中比较复杂的一个句式，因为复合宾语的构成内容较多。下面句子中划线部分为宾语补足语。

found his new job boring.(形容词做宾补)

called their daughter Mary.(名词做宾补)

placed her in a very difficult position.(介词短语做宾补)

went to here house but found her out.(副词做宾补)

do you advise me to do(不定式做宾补)

thought him to be an honest man.(tobe做宾补)

believed them to have discussed the problem.(不定式的完成式做宾补)

believed her to be telling the truth.(不定式的进行式做宾补)

you notice him come in(不带to的不定式做宾补)

saw her chatting with Nancy.(现在分词做宾补)