文字增益法(Amplification)PPT教学课件
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也更忠实、通顺、流畅。
1.增补动词
Books must follow sciences,and not sciences books.(Francis Bacon) 书籍必须随科学出现，而科学不能随书籍产生。
In this mood, I went to the diplomatic circles,earnest but only sketchily . 我怀着这样的心情进入了外交界，虽有满腔热情，但知识肤浅得
很。
Men are generally more careful of the breed of their horses and dogs than of their children.
人们饲养马与狗的细心程度，一般要超过抚育自己的子女。
Histories make men wise;poets witty;the mathematics subtile;natural philosophy deep;moral grave;logic and rhetoric able to contend.
敌对态度
Tension
紧张局势
Arrogance
自满情绪
Complacency
自满情绪
Madness
疯狂行为
Backwardness
落后状态
Rashness
急躁情绪
2020/12/10
6
The first and the hardest task of the new government was to deal with the ever-growing unemployment.
男人们虽然把那些眉开眼笑、脸色鲜嫩、脾气温和、心地善良、不明世 事的小东西当作 神明似的供奉在家里，太太小姐们却更佩服女中豪杰； 而且两相比起来，女中豪杰更值得颂扬和赞美。源自2020/12/105
3）在抽象名词后面增补名词
Persuasion
说服工作
Preparation
准备工作
Antagonism
文字增益法（Amplification）
作为翻译的一项原则，译者是不允许随意增减原文意义的。但这 并不是说译文和原文必须一词对一词。在不失掉原文意义的前 提下，为了使译文准确，添加一些必要的词语是允许的。
The bridge is long. 1，这桥长。 2，这座桥是长的。 正：这座桥很长。
2020/12/10
读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密，科学使人深刻， 伦理学使人庄重，逻辑修辞学使人善辩。
2020/12/10
3
2，增补名词 1）在不及物动词后面增补名词（不及物动词后隐含宾语）
A group of young men are planting trees on the hill. Some are digging, some are watering.
She was small and slight, pale, but very beatiful. 她身量瘦小，面色苍白，但模样到很漂亮。
Though, very likely, the heroic character which ladies admire is a more glorious and beautiful object than the kind, fresh, smiling, artless, tender little domestic goddes,whom men are inclined to worship.
日暮时分，汤姆驾驶着他的福特轿车往家里赶。
He bought a Bluebird last month.
上个月他买了一部蓝鸟轿车。
2020/12/10
9
3.增补形容词（诠释性增补，修辞性增补）
Courage is the thing. All goes if courage goes. 勇气是最重要的东西。丧失了勇气，就失去了一切。
We need time to make preparations for the project. 我们要做好工程的准备工作需要一些时日。
一群年轻人在山上植树，挖坑的挖坑，浇水的浇水。
She spent most of her spare time at home, reading and drawing. 她的大部分空余时间是在家里度过的，读书、作画。
2020/12/10
4
2）在形容词前面增补名词 He is young but ambitious. 他人小志大。
1
三个臭皮匠，顶个诸葛亮。 Three cobblers euqal a Zhuge Liang.
Three cobblers with their wits combined equal Zhuge liang the master mind.
2020/12/10
2
增词法主要运用目的
一、根据逻辑修辞的需要，使译文更符合归宿语的结构，因而
新政府最紧迫、最艰巨的任务是解决日益增加的失业
问题。
Under the leadership of the CPC, the chinese people have suceeded in their liberation.
在中国共产党的领导下，中国人民完成了解放事业。
2020/12/10
7
4）在具体名词后面增补名词 （1）照顾汉语习惯，因为汉语喜欢在某些具体名词后面再增加
一个名词。
What they are worried about most are funds for construction. 他们最犯愁的是建设资金问题。
I believe that overmutrition is the root of his disease, for he has never taken care of his diet.
我相信，他生病的根源是营养过剩，因为他从来不注意饮食问题。
2020/12/10
8
（2）如果一个具体名词读者可能不知道是什么，翻译 时可增补名词加以诠释。
Have you got an “Underwood” by yourself?
你有没有一台恩特伍德打字机？
At day’s end Tom headed home in his Ford.
1.增补动词
Books must follow sciences,and not sciences books.(Francis Bacon) 书籍必须随科学出现，而科学不能随书籍产生。
In this mood, I went to the diplomatic circles,earnest but only sketchily . 我怀着这样的心情进入了外交界，虽有满腔热情，但知识肤浅得
很。
Men are generally more careful of the breed of their horses and dogs than of their children.
人们饲养马与狗的细心程度，一般要超过抚育自己的子女。
Histories make men wise;poets witty;the mathematics subtile;natural philosophy deep;moral grave;logic and rhetoric able to contend.
敌对态度
Tension
紧张局势
Arrogance
自满情绪
Complacency
自满情绪
Madness
疯狂行为
Backwardness
落后状态
Rashness
急躁情绪
2020/12/10
6
The first and the hardest task of the new government was to deal with the ever-growing unemployment.
男人们虽然把那些眉开眼笑、脸色鲜嫩、脾气温和、心地善良、不明世 事的小东西当作 神明似的供奉在家里，太太小姐们却更佩服女中豪杰； 而且两相比起来，女中豪杰更值得颂扬和赞美。源自2020/12/105
3）在抽象名词后面增补名词
Persuasion
说服工作
Preparation
准备工作
Antagonism
文字增益法（Amplification）
作为翻译的一项原则，译者是不允许随意增减原文意义的。但这 并不是说译文和原文必须一词对一词。在不失掉原文意义的前 提下，为了使译文准确，添加一些必要的词语是允许的。
The bridge is long. 1，这桥长。 2，这座桥是长的。 正：这座桥很长。
2020/12/10
读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密，科学使人深刻， 伦理学使人庄重，逻辑修辞学使人善辩。
2020/12/10
3
2，增补名词 1）在不及物动词后面增补名词（不及物动词后隐含宾语）
A group of young men are planting trees on the hill. Some are digging, some are watering.
She was small and slight, pale, but very beatiful. 她身量瘦小，面色苍白，但模样到很漂亮。
Though, very likely, the heroic character which ladies admire is a more glorious and beautiful object than the kind, fresh, smiling, artless, tender little domestic goddes,whom men are inclined to worship.
日暮时分，汤姆驾驶着他的福特轿车往家里赶。
He bought a Bluebird last month.
上个月他买了一部蓝鸟轿车。
2020/12/10
9
3.增补形容词（诠释性增补，修辞性增补）
Courage is the thing. All goes if courage goes. 勇气是最重要的东西。丧失了勇气，就失去了一切。
We need time to make preparations for the project. 我们要做好工程的准备工作需要一些时日。
一群年轻人在山上植树，挖坑的挖坑，浇水的浇水。
She spent most of her spare time at home, reading and drawing. 她的大部分空余时间是在家里度过的，读书、作画。
2020/12/10
4
2）在形容词前面增补名词 He is young but ambitious. 他人小志大。
1
三个臭皮匠，顶个诸葛亮。 Three cobblers euqal a Zhuge Liang.
Three cobblers with their wits combined equal Zhuge liang the master mind.
2020/12/10
2
增词法主要运用目的
一、根据逻辑修辞的需要，使译文更符合归宿语的结构，因而
新政府最紧迫、最艰巨的任务是解决日益增加的失业
问题。
Under the leadership of the CPC, the chinese people have suceeded in their liberation.
在中国共产党的领导下，中国人民完成了解放事业。
2020/12/10
7
4）在具体名词后面增补名词 （1）照顾汉语习惯，因为汉语喜欢在某些具体名词后面再增加
一个名词。
What they are worried about most are funds for construction. 他们最犯愁的是建设资金问题。
I believe that overmutrition is the root of his disease, for he has never taken care of his diet.
我相信，他生病的根源是营养过剩，因为他从来不注意饮食问题。
2020/12/10
8
（2）如果一个具体名词读者可能不知道是什么，翻译 时可增补名词加以诠释。
Have you got an “Underwood” by yourself?
你有没有一台恩特伍德打字机？
At day’s end Tom headed home in his Ford.